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CN1273738A - Multimedia decoder and bi-directional broadcast communication system - Google Patents

Multimedia decoder and bi-directional broadcast communication system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1273738A
CN1273738A CN98809835A CN98809835A CN1273738A CN 1273738 A CN1273738 A CN 1273738A CN 98809835 A CN98809835 A CN 98809835A CN 98809835 A CN98809835 A CN 98809835A CN 1273738 A CN1273738 A CN 1273738A
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China
Prior art keywords
data
format
communication link
processor
received over
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CN98809835A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
彼得·P·波利特
拉奎布·M·哈桑
苏里什库马·纳塔雷简
罗伯特·A·罗兹
蒂莫西·W·塞格尔
迈克·A·德伦伯格
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THOMSON LICENSING CORP
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THOMSON LICENSING CORP
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Publication of CN1273738A publication Critical patent/CN1273738A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/14—Systems for two-way working
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
    • H04N7/173—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems with two-way working, e.g. subscriber sending a programme selection signal
    • H04N7/17309—Transmission or handling of upstream communications
    • H04N7/17318—Direct or substantially direct transmission and handling of requests
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/75—Media network packet handling
    • H04L65/764—Media network packet handling at the destination 
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/434—Disassembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. demultiplexing audio and video streams, extraction of additional data from a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Extraction or processing of SI; Disassembling of packetised elementary stream
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/45—Management operations performed by the client for facilitating the reception of or the interaction with the content or administrating data related to the end-user or to the client device itself, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies, resolving scheduling conflicts
    • H04N21/462—Content or additional data management, e.g. creating a master electronic program guide from data received from the Internet and a Head-end, controlling the complexity of a video stream by scaling the resolution or bit-rate based on the client capabilities
    • H04N21/4622—Retrieving content or additional data from different sources, e.g. from a broadcast channel and the Internet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/47—End-user applications
    • H04N21/478—Supplemental services, e.g. displaying phone caller identification, shopping application
    • H04N21/4782—Web browsing, e.g. WebTV

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Abstract

一种解码设备(10,20),对按照不同数据格式编码并在公共物理通信链路上接收的输入视频数据解码。该解码器包括第一处理器(50),用于对以因特网协议兼容数据格式分组并在公共通信链路上接收的表示图像的数据解码。该解码器还包括第二处理器(75),用于对以因特网协议数据格式以外的MPEG兼容数据格式分组并在公共通信链路上接收的广播视频数据同时解码。第一和第二处理器分别产生第一和第二解码视频输出。此外,可动态地改变公共通信链路上传送的表示图像的数据相对于广播视频数据的比例。该解码器还包括显示处理器(55,80),用于从第一和第二解码视频输出形成显示图像。

A decoding device (10, 20) decodes input video data encoded in different data formats and received over a public physical communication link. The decoder includes a first processor (50) for decoding image-representing data packetized in an Internet Protocol-compatible data format and received over a public communication link. The decoder also includes a second processor (75) for simultaneously decoding broadcast video data packetized in an MPEG-compatible data format other than an Internet Protocol data format and received over a public communication link. The first and second processors generate first and second decoded video outputs, respectively. Furthermore, the ratio of image-representing data transmitted over the public communication link to broadcast video data can be dynamically changed. The decoder also includes a display processor (55, 80) for forming a display image from the first and second decoded video outputs.

Description

Multimedia decoder and bi-directional broadcast communication system
Invention field
The present invention relates to the mutual bidirectional communication in the broadcast system, decoding and their providing to the user of multidata service is provided.
Background of invention
Little by little become general, user-interactive, multi-source and multiobject communication equipment in conjunction with the home entertainment set-top-box system of personal computer and TV functions (PC/TV function).Require this type of system responses user to ask between a plurality of positions of multiple application with different data format communication.For example, set-top-box system can receive data from artificial satellite or ground-level source, and this ground-level source comprises pinpoint accuracy TV (HDTV) broadcasting, multiple spot microwave distributed system (MMDS) broadcasting and digital video broadcasting (DVB).Set-top-box system also can pass through phone (for example the Internet) with coaxial wire (for example cable TV) and from long-range and local source, such as digital video disc (DVD), CDROM, VHS and digital VHS (DVHS TM) source of type player, PC and many other types receives and transmit data.
Require set-top-box system can support two-way communication and family's controlled function, and can visit and decode from the information in multicast source.Also require set-top-box system can seamless combination to be shown to user's decoded information.Obtain a kind of like this system and have many problems.Particularly, problem appears at information and the processing of arrangement information in a preferential order that homology never obtains different data format effectively.Solve these problems with system according to the present invention.
The present invention's summary
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of decoder system, tuner, demodulator and processing path that its favourable combination is independent, this processing path are used for parallel processing and no-load voltage ratio (dynamically changeable bit rate) and handle and the data of decoding with different data format codings and the expression broadcast image that receives on public physical communication link.The Return Channel communication path that the also favourable combination of this decoder system is independent, this Return Channel communication path allow on common communication link to return with the safety of broadcast source and communicate by letter.
Accompanying drawing is briefly described
In the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 illustrates according to a kind of no-load voltage ratio decoder system of the present invention, is used for communicating by letter with multiple source effectively and handling exemplary TCP/IP and mpeg format data.
Fig. 2 and 3 has provided the exemplary characteristics of broadcasting, data and the Return Channel described in Fig. 1 system.
Figure 4 and 5 the data service type and the exemplary bit rate of the service that provides by Fig. 1 upstream channel and downstream channel have been provided have been distributed.
Fig. 6 illustrates the priority scheduling system that is used in a preferential order arranging the processing of broadcasting and bidirectional applications packet according to of the present invention.
Fig. 7 illustrates the flow chart according to the method for the processing of in a preferential order arranging broadcasting and packet of the Fig. 6 of being used for of the present invention system.
Fig. 8 illustrates according to a kind of server distribution hub of the present invention, is used for distributing broadcast data to Fig. 1 decoder and the upstream data of handling from Fig. 1 decoder from a plurality of ISPs.
Fig. 9 lists and describes the exemplary interface 1-10 that discerns according to of the present invention in Fig. 8 server system).
The detailed description of accompanying drawing
Fig. 1 illustrates according to a kind of decoder system of the present invention, provides and the multiple source efficient communication.Tuner, demodulator and processing path that the favourable combination of this decoder system is independent are used for handling simultaneously and decode with different data format coded datas.The Return Channel communication path that the also favourable combination of this decoder system is independent, this path for example allow to return with broadcast source safety and communicate by letter.The one exemplary embodiment of Fig. 1 is supported the decoding of TCP/IP (emission control protocol/the Internet protocol) and MPEG (moving image special project group) formatted data, (for example 19946 months 10 days MPEG2ISO/IEC13818-1, with 19951 months 20 days ISO/IEC13818-2).In addition, the set-top-box system of Fig. 1 is consistent with the preliminary requirement of MCNS (MCNS).
The structure permission no-load voltage ratio (being the bit rate of dynamically changeable) of Fig. 1 is decoded simultaneously from the data of the presentation video in the independent source of different-format.So, the data of different data format can be handled and needn't be according to the more high level communication form coding that has with the no-load voltage ratio decoder system of Fig. 1.Thereby, expense and poor efficiency that this decoder system relates to when avoiding the data of a kind of so additional communication format hierarchical coding of processing and utilizing.
For example, this decoder system is also in conjunction with a kind of scheduler system, is used in a preferential order arranging the data of reception and returns the two processing of communication data to broadcast source.Receive and return data distributes required ranked data output priority according to following being characterized as, this feature comprises, a) function relevant with these data, the b) protocol characteristic of these data, or c) transmit the physical communication channels of data.The exemplary functions that this decoder is carried out comprises, i) Email ii) internet webpage browse the iii) iv) traditional telephone service of Internet telephony service, V) fax, vi) video telephone, vii) broadcast video, audio frequency and radio are handled and viii) family's controlled function.Derive required ranked data output priority by priority abridged table or map.The priority abridged table comprises a database, and the relative priority level is distributed to the packet relevant with independent function, protocol characteristic or communication channel.Information in the priority abridged table for example comprises, Cun Chu default information, user's input information in advance, or be broadcast to the information of decoder from the ISP.This abridged table also can comprise the information by some derivation in these sources.
Though decoder system is described to handle by the MPEG of coaxial cable reception and the data of internet protocol compatible form, this is exemplary.This decoder system is handled and is supported to comprise that Email, internet webpage are browsed, Internet telephony service, traditional telephone service, fax, video telephone, broadcast video, audio frequency and radio and the data of family's controlled function.In addition, the principle of the invention can be applicable to send channel type and the transformable system of communication protocol, or coding and the transformable system of modulation type.Such system can comprise, and for example, adopts artificial satellite, ground, internet and the in-house network broadcasting and the communication system of non-MPEG and non-the Internet compatible protocol.In addition, the principle of the invention is applied to the processing of any type of data such as telephone message, computer program, internet data or other communications.
In a word, in the set-top-box system 12 of Fig. 1, for example,, be to receive and with input decoder 13 processing with splitter/combiner unit 25 with the first carrier of broadcasting video data modulation with second carrier wave of internet data such as info web modulation.Unit 13 be tuned to corresponding first and second carrier waves and demodulation, forward error correction and the differentiation order of priority that receives data further handle by output decoder 20 so that the demodulation numerical data to be provided.Unit 13 is also derived analog video signal and is provided this signal to the unit 20 from receiving data.Unit 20 is handled and is comprised the video of mpeg compatible and the numerical data of voice data and Internet Protocol data, is shown and audio reproducing by unit 60 and 63 respectively.Under another pattern, the analog video data from unit 13 is also handled in unit 20, is shown by equipment 60.
Set-top box users utilize remote control unit 67 select by on-screen menu and the cursor command selection with the function of execution, for example watch special program or web data.The operation of the element of unit 15 control input decoders 13 and output decoder 20, and utilize bi-directional data and control signal bus C to respond the order of remote control unit 67.The control register value control unit 13 of controller 15 by these element internals are set with control bus C and the function of 20 inner each elements.In addition, unit 15, associated units 13 starts and in a preferential order is arranged in the generation and the emission of the message that is used to return communication to ISP's the coaxial cable link.
At length consider Fig. 1, splitter/combiner 25 provides the signal that comprises first and second quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) carrier wave to tuner 30 and 65.First and second carrier waves utilize 256 or 64 selectable symbol conformation carry out the QAM modulation independently.Tuner 30 is derived the first carrier tuner 65 of the representative audio frequency of the program of using mpeg compatible, video and related data modulation from second carrier wave of frequency division multiplex signal derivation with Internet Protocol Web page representative data-modulated from the frequency multiplex signal.Tuner 30 and 65 comprises frequency multiplexing decomposer, radio frequency (RF) tuner and intermediate frequency (IF) frequency mixer and down-conversion respectively from the signal of unit 25 amplifying stage to low-frequency band, to derive first and second carrier waves.
Tuner 30 together with controller 15, judges that first carrier comprises the video data of digital MPEG compatibility or comprises analog video signal.The representative first carrier of digital of digital video data is provided to demodulator 40 by tuner 30 via multiplexer (mux) 35, and analog video signal is provided to video-stream processor 55 in the output decoder 20 via mux35.Tuner 65 provides second carrier wave to demodulator 70.In this example system, comprise 33 physical transmit channels (PTC 0-32) from the input frequency division multiplex signal of unit 25.Each physical transmit channel (PTC) is assigned the 6MHz bandwidth and comprises, and for example, reaches 6 subchannels, and each subchannel has unique carrier frequency.
Be exemplary object, suppose that set-top box users utilizes remote control unit 67 to select subchannels (SC) for watching.Controller 15 uses the carrier frequency corresponding that is provided to suitable configuration selection of components message pick-up PTC with the subchannel SC that selectes of input decoder 13 from remote control unit 67 via interface 69.After the down-conversion, come the first carrier output signal of the PTC that is used to select of self-tuner 30 to have the bandwidth of 6MHz and scope center carrier frequencies at 54-806MHz.In following discussion, RF channel or physical transmit channel (PTC) are meant broadcaster's send channel frequency band of distribution, and it has more than one subchannel.
The amplifying stage of controller 15 configuration radio frequency (RF) tuners and intermediate frequency (IF) frequency mixer and tuner 30 is to receive selected PTC first carrier frequency.The down-conversion first carrier frequency output of the PTC that is used to select that provides via mux35 with unit 40 demodulation tuners 30.The major function of demodulator 40 is to recover and the tracking carrier frequency, recovers the video data itself of emission data clock frequency and recovery and forward error correction mpeg compatible.Unit 40 also recovers corresponding to transmitter clock and is used to regularly the sampling and the synchronised clock of the operation of tuner 30, demodulator 40 and scheduler 43.
The first carrier signal of unit 40 demodulation QAM modulation is to provide the demodulation digital output data.And in unit 40, the demodulation digital output data is mapped as the byte length merogenesis, carries out deinterleaving and Read-Solomon error correction according to principles well-known.In addition, unit 40 provides forward error correction (FEC) validity or locking to be indicated to controller 15.The Read-Solomon error correction is the known type forward error correction.This FEC locking indication is reported the Read-Solomon error correction and just is being corrected data sync and effective output is provided with signal.Tuning, the demodulator that can notice that unit 30 and 40 (and unit 65 and 70) realizes and decoder function all are known and at referenced text " digital communication " (the KluwerAcademic Press of for example Lee and Messerschmidt separately, Boston, MA, USA, 1988) the middle description.Be output as the form of the transmitting data stream of mpeg compatible from the recovery of unit 40, this data flow comprises the representative multiplexed audio of program, video and data component.This transport stream is provided to scheduler 43.
Derive second carrier wave of using Internet Protocol Web page representative data-modulated with tuner 65, and separate the mediation error correction with unit 70.For example, tuner 65 and demodulator 70 copied cells 30 and 40 tuner and demodulator function and favourable providing are respectively independently handled the path, and this path allows to handle simultaneously the data of Internet Protocol data and mpeg compatible.Tuner 65 and demodulator 70 are according to before operating in conjunction with units corresponding 30 and 40 modes of describing.Tuner 65 and demodulator 70 provide data to scheduler 43 with the Internet protocol format of the webpage that the expression user selectes.
Scheduler 43 is arranged from the Internet Protocol data of demodulator 70 with from the transmitting data stream of the mpeg compatible of demodulator 40 by precedence together with controller 15, handles with the element of output decoder 20.For example, scheduler 43 is also arranged the data that are used for returning via the coaxial cable link broadcast source of communicating by letter by precedence with controller 15.Under unit 15 control, scheduler 43 identifications from the expression specific function of unit 70 for example via each Internet protocol packets of the info web of a Web browser request.In addition, under unit 15 controls, for example selected channel NBC of scheduler 43 identification expression specific programs TMOn " Seinfeld TM" and the grouping of each mpeg compatible of related data.This related data comprises the combined information of group character and support mpeg decode and program recovery and also comprises the auxiliary split screen information that is used to show, such as program guide data.
Scheduler 43 comprises a demultiplexer, is used for mating the pid value that imports MPEG PID that divides into groups and the unit 43 internal control registers that are written in advance by controller 15 into from the data flow of unit 40.Similarly, scheduler 43 matched data identifiers, such as data source and datum target, data type, IP address and from the universal resource locator (url) sign indicating number in the Internet Protocol data flow of unit 70, be written into the value of unit 43 internal control registers in advance with controller 15.This matching process is used for recognition function and representative internet of program and mpeg data grouping, to arrange and further to handle by precedence.The internet and the MPEG packet memory of final identification are visited in memory and according to a predetermined priority abridged table (map) in order, and this abridged table makes the data with special characteristic and function related with required priority.Thereby unit 43 provides the Internet Protocol data by the precedence arrangement of buffer memory, comprises webpage HTML TM(supertext SGML Hyper Text Mark-up Language) and relevant Java TMData (with other data for example JPEG, GIF, TIF categorical data) are to HTML TMProcessor 75.Unit 43 also provides MPEG video, audio frequency and the split screen of arranging by precedence to be grouped into mpeg video decoder 50, audio process 61 and split screen processor 80 respectively.In conjunction with Fig. 6 and 7 method of scheduler 43 and its realization are described in more detail after a while.
Mpeg decoder 50 decodings and decompression are from the packetized video data of the mpeg compatible of pressing the precedence arrangement of unit 43, with the decompression program representativeness pixel data that provides by the precedence arrangement, to be stored in the pixel representative store device and NTSC encoder 55 in the video-stream processor.Audio process 61 decoding from unit 43 by precedence arrange packetized audio data and provide with relevant decompressed video data sync by the decoding of precedence arrangement and amplification voice data to the equipment 63 that is used for audio reproducing.Processor 75 decodings are from the HTML of unit 43 TMAnd Java TMCoding net information also provides the pixel data of representing Web page image with in the memory that is stored in split screen processor 80 inside.Processor 75 also decode with extended formatting for example JPEG, TIF, GIF form and other SGMLs for example SGML (standard generalized markup language Standard Generalized Mark-up Language) coded data and data that decoding is provided to split screen processor 80, to be for further processing.Under controller 15 instructs, the webpage image pixel data of processor 80 format storages, overlapping with in the memory that is stored as the expression pixel that is comprised in the video-stream processor 55, by unit 60 as the display reproduction that merges.In addition, controller 15 comprises a web page browsing program, supports the execution of a complete set of web browser function.Unit 15 processor 75 and processor 80 in addition by this, by habitual web browser or standard browser such as the Netscape Navigator that can carry out whole access to the Internet TM Unit 60 demonstration is provided.
Split screen processor 80 comprises screen display (OSD) text and graphic generator, is used in decoding and the split screen data of handling from unit 43.Processor 80 also uses pixel mapping (enum) data, subtitle, the control that comprises selectable menu option and the info menu of inner OSD maker generation expression program guide to show and other auxiliary.Text that processor 80 produces and figure are that the form with overlapping pixel map data produces under the guidance of controller 15.In being included in the pixel representative store device of video-stream processor 55, make up with synchronously with this overlapping pixel map data and from the decompression pixel data of mpeg decoder 50 and the decoding Internet Protocol web data of from processor 75.The combination pixel image data that go up video frequency program from the expression subchannel SC of unit 50 in addition from the web displaying data of unit 80 and relevant split screen text message data by processor 55 as the NTSC signal encoding, show and export as merging by unit 60 with reproduction.Also will be encoded to the NTSC signal in another pattern lower unit 55, by unit 60 outputs and reproduction from the analog video signal that tuner 30 provides via mux35.
Except described exemplary net is browsed the video processing function with MPEG, set-top-box system 12 is supported a complete set of multimedia function.These multimedia functions comprise, for example, and Email, Internet telephony service, traditional telephone service, fax, video telephone, radio, broadcast audio, storage and family's controlled function.The decoding of Xiang Xishuominging and arrange principle by precedence and also be applied to handle the data that are used for such multimedia function herein.For example, when handling the Internet telephony service data, processor 75 decompresses and decoding distributes high-level, the compressed voice data of real-time processing priority for example with the Internet protocol format coding and with unit 43.Processor 75 is provided to unit 63 with the decompression voice data and carries out audio reproducing.In addition, processor 75 comprises according to different data format and handles multi-medium data and handle the function that offers user's agreement afterwards with unit 80,55,60,61 and 63 to be similar to previous described mode.
Controller 15 starts with realizing together with modulator 85 and scheduler 43 and to communicate by letter with internet or broadcast service supplier's Return Channel on the coaxial cable input link via splitter/combiner 25.For example can start the message request first of internet webpage information (or request relevant) by the user of the menu option of demonstration on the unit 60 is selected with another function.Controller 15 generates, arranges and coding is transferred to ISP's web-page requests message via unit 25 on the coaxial cable link by precedence together with unit 85 and scheduler 43.The controller 15 also access to the Internet of decision request is by conditional access or by for example from the intelligent card subscriber right information mandate of intelligent card unit (not shown for simplifying accompanying drawing).If the access to the Internet of request is authorized to, controller 15 is enabled on the Return Channel and the communicating by letter of ISP.Controller 15, together with unit 43 and 85, request visit data (such as telephone number, IP address, URL sign indicating number and the conditional access data) foundation of utilization storage is in advance communicated by letter with the ISP and is generated web-page requests message data.The request message data that generate are the Internet protocol format and comprise suitable source, target and IP address code.
Scheduler 43 is stored also cache web pages request message packet and is visited this grouping in order according to a predetermined priority abridged table (map) in memory, this abridged table makes the return data with special characteristic and function related with required priority.Thereby what unit 43 provided buffer memory arranges web-page requests message data to modulator 85 by precedence.Modulator 85 utilizes QPSK (quarternary phase-shift keying (QPSK)) modulation forward error correction, interweaves and encodes these request message data.Unit 85 is also selectively encrypted these request message data (under the guidance of controller 15) with a kind of secure data form and is transmitted coded data with required priority via cable link and unit 25 and give the ISP.Also can alternate coded, scrambling or the solicited message that interweaves (or other return datas) or uses other protection skills to increase Information Security in unit 85.Such Information Security is particular importance in electronic transaction type message, for example comprises credit card information.In addition, Return Channel also can be used for following function ratio as, a) comprise the telemetry that table only reads, b) video and report to the police and monitor that C) home environment monitors, d) household electrical appliance monitor, e) commodity are ordered and f) program conditional access and managing entitlement.In conjunction with Fig. 6 and 7 method by precedence arrangement reception and return data that scheduler 43 uses is described in more detail after a while.
As previously mentioned, the structure of Fig. 1 set-top-box system can independent parallel handle different-format and from the broadcast data of homology not (for example from the mpeg program data of broadcast source with from the Internet Protocol web data of Internet service provider).This structure be complete no-load voltage ratio and can the decode data that dynamically can divide and two downstreams (for example MPEG and internet) handle bandwidth between the path.So, decode the simultaneously MPEG broadcasting of HBO film and the internet webpage data followed of this structural support, for example.In the present example, the web data of following is intermittently, and the bandwidth that web data occupies is dynamically redistributed to mpeg data or other data, services of replenishing, as program guide, and Email etc.This structure also allows to divide dynamically the bandwidth between Return Channel path and two the downstream paths.
Fig. 2 illustrates the exemplary characteristics of downstream Internet Protocol data and MPEG broadcast video channel.Though Fig. 2 illustrates the identical characteristic of two downstream channels, this only is for exemplary, and each channel can have different characteristics.Fig. 3 illustrates the exemplary characteristics that communication channel is returned in the upstream.Fig. 4 lists the exemplary bit rate-allocation that the service that provides by Fig. 1 downstream channel is provided this data service type and one, and Fig. 5 lists this data service type and an exemplary bit rate-allocation of the service that is used for providing via Fig. 1 upstream channel.The processing structure of the set-top-box system 12 of Fig. 1 is complete no-load voltage ratio and the data that can handle dynamic assignment between two downstream channels adaptively.Set-top-box system 12 can also be handled the data that occupy dynamic assignable bandwidth between downstream channel and Return Channel adaptively.
Fig. 6 illustrates a kind of priority scheduling system, is used for arranging the processing that 40 and 70 (Fig. 1) receive MPEG broadcasting and the Internet protocol data packets from the unit respectively by precedence.Fig. 6 system also is used for arranging the processing of returning the data of communication via unit 85 (Fig. 1) to the ISP by precedence.In Fig. 6 system, for example import data, MPEG, Internet Protocol TCP/IP or return data are in the input storage job stack 600.The type of the reception data in the network interface 610 identification storehouses 600 (for example MPEG, Internet Protocol or return data) also formats it with by intelligent scheduler 620 evident characteristics (attribute).Scheduler 620 responses come self-controller 15 (Fig. 1) when fulfiling the intelligent scheduling function control and synchronization message 615.
Scheduler 620 (Fig. 6) checks that they are included in the priority abridged table of storing in the inner DRAM memory 640 from function, agreement and the communication channel attribute of the formatted data of interface 610.Scheduler 620 also relatively receives the attribute and the attribute in the priority abridged table of data and puts the packet of reception according to this comparison according to required output priority in order.Scheduler 620 is (for example crucial according to required output priority, height, in or low priority-640) distribute continuously in output FIFO (first in first out) unit 650 storage and via high speed DMA (direct memory visit) interface 630 provide arrangement by the precedence array data to the institute memory allocated unit among the FIFO650.Output processor 660 is visited from the data of arranging by precedence of FIFO 650 in order and is formatd it, further to be handled by unit 40,70 and 85 (Fig. 1).
Fig. 7 illustrate describe in detail be applicable to Fig. 6 system arrange the flow chart of method of the processing of input MPEG broadcast data, Internet Protocol data and return data by precedence.In Fig. 7 step 705, originate in after the step 700, scheduler 620 (Fig. 6) receive the input data and in step 710 from memory search priority profile information.This priority abridged table is classified to make the output priority of special needs related with the input data that represent a kind of special attribute or combination of attributes.This priority abridged table can transmit from the ISP, maybe can be comprised by user input and store default information in advance and maybe can derive from the combination in these sources.The ISP can provide the service of different brackets, is that user provide different data access time to the subscriber computer set-top box system with corresponding different record keeping speed by downloading the priority abridged table separately.The priority abridged table of downloading allows the ISP to control the user to receiving the visit of information.For example, by downloading (or installing in advance) priority abridged table, Internet service provider can every Yue $10 per second 1k bit and the minimum data rates of every Yue $20 per second 5k bit access to the Internet is provided.Alternatively, but user's input priority profile information disposes his system to handle and Data transmission or message according to required order or with required priority.
This priority profile information can for example, be encrypted in order to protect purpose by safe coding, scrambling or coding, in order to avoid use without approval at a high speed and the service of preferential rate levels of data access.In this case, before using, this priority profile information by controller 15 (Fig. 1) together with scheduler 620 (Fig. 6) decoding (for example deciphering or descrambling).In a kind of conditional access that can be in Fig. 1 set-top-box system 12 and the right management system (for keeping drawings clear not shown), authorize and realize this kind deciphering or descrambling.It should be noted that the priority abridged table can be transferred to any He all nodes in the network system, such as internet or internal network, local area network (LAN) or wide area network etc. are with guarantee service quality (QOS).Node can comprise the network equipment, such as server (distribution hub), gateway, terminal, router and interchanger.The priority abridged table also can be united the communication protocol that comprises the data priority designator that is used to keep Internet resources and be distributed and use, to guarantee the whole network communication path or the service quality of the part in path only.This type of communication protocol comprises, for example, and RSVP (RSVP) Internet-Draft on June 14th, 1997; The real-time transport protocol (rtp) on February 1st, 1996 consults on information paper RFC1889, and these two files all can be used for the internet.The priority profile information also can be used in the system according to the standard operation of definition multi-media network and communication system component, such as international telecommunication alliance (ITU) exploitation in November, 1996 H.323 and H.324.
In the step 715 of Fig. 7, scheduler 620 is identified in the attribute of the data of step 705 reception.The attribute of identification comprises (i) protocol characteristic, (ii) function type characteristic and (iii) communication channel characteristics.
Protocol characteristic comprises, for example, (a) data source identifier, (b) datum target identifier, (c) data type identifier, (d) data priority designator, (e) data error designator, (f) right designator, (g) Internet Protocol designator, (h) designator of mpeg compatible, and (i) packet identifier.
The function of function type characteristic identification for example comprises, a) Email, b) internet webpage is browsed, c) Internet telephony service, d) traditional telephone service, e) fax, f) broadcast video is handled, and g) video telephone is handled, h) broadcast radio electric treatment, i) broadcast audio is handled and j) family's controlled function, such as warning, telemetry, apparatus and environment control and supervision.
Communication channel characteristics identification physical communication link type, telephone wire for example, ground, cable or satellite link, optical fiber link, wide area network (WAN), Local Area Network, internet, or internal network.Communication channel characteristics also identifies the different channels of the communication link of same type, for example different telephone wires.
In Fig. 7 step 720, the attribute of identification and the attribute in the priority abridged table in scheduler 620 comparison step 715, step 725 is relatively imported data according to required output priority arrangement packetizing according to this.Use the priority abridged table that the flexible means of the priority of constructing the diversified data that are derived from a plurality of not homologies is provided in this manner.Any combined and instant ground of available communication link, agreement or functional characteristic is by the precedence array data.Thereby the data of special function, or the data of communicating by letter on special link can be arranged by precedence according to source or target or type.For example, can arrange email message by precedence, that is, can give from the higher priority of the Email in some source according to source identifier.Similarly, priority assignment and the coding that the return messages of extremely special target (by object identifier identification) can be higher.In addition, scheduler 620 explains that the dedicated priority designators for example import Internet Protocol data type (prior to) designator and the data allocations appropriate priority for this reason in the data.Similarly, also can utilize based on the right designator, Internet Protocol designator, the designator of mpeg compatible for example the priority abridged table of packet identifier distribute the classification processing priority.
In step 730, scheduler 620 according to required output priority according to continuous output FIFO (the first in first out unit 650 of Fig. 6) the memory allocated unit and the memory cell of distributing in the FIFO 650 through data of arranging that high speed DMA (direct memory visit) provides arrangement by precedence.At step 733 (Fig. 7), arrange grouped data from the precedence of pressing of FIFO650 output arrangement with required output priority.In step 735, that handles arrangement arranges dateout by precedence, transfers to the ISP to reproduce and to provide to the user or return.This type of processing can be included as safety and return communication code and enciphered data, for example, makes data and other set-top box processes synchronous.Finish this processing in step 740.
Fig. 8 illustrates a kind of server distribution hub 102 of the present invention, is used for the distributed broadcast data and provides multimedia service to set-top-box system 12 (Fig. 1 and 8) be used to handle upstream data from unit 12 from one or more ISPs 109.QAM modulation broadcast data are such as being provided to mux125 from the video data of one or more ISPs' 109 (Fig. 8) mpeg compatible or the video data of analog representation via optical fiber link 145 channels 135.Unit 125 generates the source of data 137 and provides multiplexed output from the QAM modulating data from cable modem termination 150 (via upconverter 134) from the reception broadcast data that comprises coming self-channel 135, local hub.Multiplexed output from mux125 is output to optical fiber communication interface 120.Unit 120 is by via optical fiber link 115, coax105 be electrically connected to optical transducer 107 and transmit downstream QAM data and receive upstream QPSK (or QAM) data and communicate by letter with Fig. 1 set-top-box system 12 on high-frequency channel 110.
Upstream data from set-top-box system 12 is determined that via channel 110 receptions and via separator 155 and low-converter 160 routes are to Cable Modem Terminal System 150 by unit 120.System's 150 demodulation provide the demodulation upstream data to ISP 109 from the upstream data of the QPSK modulation of frequency converter 160 and via network interface 154, optional hub interchanger 140 and optical fiber link 145.Alternatively, selectable hub interchanger 140 can provide the upstream data of demodulation to selectable WAN equipment 130.The unit 154 of system 150 also receives downstream data via interchanger 140 from ISP 109 or WAN equipment 130.Unit 154 format and handle from interchanger 140 downstream datas and be provided to that unit 152 carries out the QAM modulation and subsequently by frequency converter 134 up-conversions.Transfer to set-top-box system 12 from the up-conversion data of frequency converter 134 are as discussed previously via mux125.
Fig. 9 lists and describes the exemplary interface 1-10 that discerns according to of the present invention in Fig. 8 server system.
Fig. 1,6 and 8 structure are not unique.Can derive according to the principle of the invention and realize other structures of identical purpose.In addition, the treatment step of the function of the element of Fig. 1 system 12 and Fig. 7 can be realized in the programming instruction of microprocessor whole or in part.

Claims (19)

1.一种视频解码器设备(10，20)，用于解码按照多个不同数据格式编码并在公共物理通信链路上接收的输入视频数据，该设备包括：1. A video decoder device (10, 20) for decoding input video data encoded according to a plurality of different data formats and received over a common physical communication link, the device comprising: 第一处理器(50)，用于对以因特网协议兼容数据格式分组化并在公共通信链路上接收的表示图像的数据解码，以提供第一解码视频输出；a first processor (50) for decoding data representative of an image packetized in an internet protocol compatible data format and received over the common communication link to provide a first decoded video output; 第二处理器(75)，用于对以因特网协议数据格式以外的MPEG兼容数据格式分组并在公共通信链路上接收的广播视频数据同时解码，以提供第二解码视频输出，其中可动态地改变公共通信链路上传送的表示图像的数据相对于广播视频数据的比例；以及A second processor (75) for simultaneously decoding broadcast video data packetized in an MPEG-compatible data format other than an Internet Protocol data format and received over the common communication link to provide a second decoded video output, wherein dynamically Alter the proportion of data representing images relative to broadcast video data transmitted over common communications links; and 显示处理器(55，80)，用于从第一和第二解码视频输出形成显示图像。A display processor (55, 80) for forming a display image from the first and second decoded video outputs. 2.如权利要求1所述的设备，其中包括：2. The device of claim 1, comprising: 第一解调器40，用于解调以第一调制格式调制的数据，以提供所述表示图像的数据；以及a first demodulator 40 for demodulating data modulated in a first modulation format to provide said data representative of an image; and 第二解调器70，用于解调以第二调制格式调制的数据，以提供所述表示图像的数据。The second demodulator 70 is configured to demodulate the data modulated in the second modulation format to provide the data representing the image. 3.如权利要求2所述的设备，其中：3. The device of claim 2, wherein: 所述第一和第二调制格式是相同的。Said first and second modulation formats are identical. 4.如权利要求1所述的设备，其中包括：4. The device of claim 1, comprising: 编码器(43，15)，用于对返回传递到广播源的数据编码；以及Encoders (43, 15) for encoding data returned to the broadcast source; and 调制器(85)，用于调制返回调制格式下的编码数据，以经所述公共通信链路返回通信到广播源。A modulator (85) for modulating the encoded data in a return modulation format for return communication to the broadcast source via said common communication link. 5.如权利要求4所述的设备，其中：5. The device of claim 4, wherein: 所述编码器能够经所述返回信道发送消息，该返回信道支持从下列功能中选出的一个或多个功能，a)包括实用仪表读取的遥测，b)视频监视，c)报警功能，d)家庭环境监视，e)家用设备监视，f)商品订购以及g)节目条件访问和权利管理。The encoder is capable of sending messages via the return channel supporting one or more functions selected from a) telemetry including utility meter reading, b) video surveillance, c) alarm functions, d) home environment monitoring, e) home appliance monitoring, f) merchandise ordering, and g) program conditional access and rights management. 6.如权利要求4所述的设备，其中：6. The device of claim 4, wherein: 所述返回调制格式不同于接收调制格式。The return modulation format is different from the receive modulation format. 7.如权利要求1所述的设备，其中：7. The device of claim 1, wherein: 所述第一处理器能够经所述公共通信信道处理消息，该公共通信信道支持从下列功能中选出的一个或多个远程功能，a)录像机节目编排，b)电子交易，c)可视电话，d)因特网电话服务，e)本地社区节目编排，f)商品订购，g)有目标的广告，h)股票交易，以及i)家庭控制。The first processor is capable of processing messages via the common communication channel supporting one or more remote functions selected from a) video recorder programming, b) electronic transactions, c) visual telephone, d) Internet telephony service, e) local community programming, f) merchandise ordering, g) targeted advertising, h) stock trading, and i) home control. 8.如权利要求1所述的设备，其中包括：8. The device of claim 1, comprising: 识别和处理数据的装置，用于将在所述公共通信链路上接收的数据(15，35)识别为模拟广播格式数据并处理所述模拟广播格式数据以提供数据供显示。Means for identifying and processing data for identifying data (15, 35) received over said common communication link as analog broadcast format data and processing said analog broadcast format data to provide data for display. 9.如权利要求1所述的设备，其中包括：9. The device of claim 1, comprising: 用于识别在所述公共通信链路上接收的输入数据中的同步指示符(15)的装置，使所述第一解码视频输出与所述第二解码视频输出同步。Means for identifying a synchronization indicator (15) in input data received over said common communication link, for synchronizing said first decoded video output with said second decoded video output. 10.一种用于对按照多个数据格式编码并在公共物理通信链路上接收的输入视频数据解码的视频解码器设备，包括：10. A video decoder device for decoding input video data encoded in a plurality of data formats and received over a common physical communication link, comprising: 每一处理器(50)，用于对以因特网协议兼容数据格式分组化并在公共通信链路上接收的表示图像的数据解码，以提供第一解码视频输出；each processor (50) for decoding data representative of an image packetized in an internet protocol compatible data format and received over the common communication link to provide a first decoded video output; 第二处理器(75)，用于对以因特网协议数据格式以外的MPEG兼容数据格式分组并在公共通信链路上接收的广播视频数据解码，以提供第二解码视频输出；a second processor (75) for decoding broadcast video data packetized in an MPEG-compatible data format other than an Internet Protocol data format and received over the common communication link to provide a second decoded video output; 第三处理器(15，43，85)，用于调制返回调制格式的编码数据，以经所述公共通信链路返回传递到广播源；以及a third processor (15, 43, 85) for modulating the coded data in a return modulation format for delivery back to the broadcast source via said common communication link; and 显示处理器(55，80)，用于从第一和第二解码视频输出形成显示图像。A display processor (55, 80) for forming a display image from the first and second decoded video outputs. 11.如权利要求10所述的设备，其中：11. The device of claim 10, wherein: 所述第三处理器整理支持从下列功能选出的一个以上的功能的信息，a)包括实用仪表读取的遥测，b)视频监视，c)报警功能，d)家庭环境监视，e)家用设备监视，f)商品订购，g)电子交易，h)节目条件访问和权利管理。The third processor collates information supporting one or more functions selected from a) telemetry including utility meter reading, b) video surveillance, c) alarm functions, d) home environment monitoring, e) home Device monitoring, f) merchandise ordering, g) electronic transactions, h) program conditional access and rights management. 12.如权利要求10所述的设备，其中：12. The device of claim 10, wherein: 所述第三处理器对安全数据格式的数据编码。The third processor encodes data in a secure data format. 13.如权利要求12所述的设备，其中：13. The device of claim 12, wherein: 所述安全数据格式是下列格式中的一个或多个，a)加密格式，b)编码格式，c)加扰格式和d)交织格式。The secure data format is one or more of a) encrypted format, b) encoded format, c) scrambled format and d) interleaved format. 14.如权利要求10所述的设备，其中：14. The device of claim 10, wherein: 通过点到点通信保证所述返回通信。The return communication is secured by point-to-point communication. 15.如权利要求10所述的设备，其中：15. The device of claim 10, wherein: 所述因特网协议数据格式包括以下列格式中的至少一种格式编码的数据，a)HTMLTM格式，b)JavaTM格式，以及c)ActiveXTM格式。The Internet Protocol data format includes data encoded in at least one of the following formats: a) HTML ™ format, b) Java ™ format, and c) ActiveX ™ format. 16.如权利要求10所述的设备，其中：16. The device of claim 10, wherein: 所述第一处理器能够经所述公共通信信道处理消息，该公共通信信道支持从下列功能中选出的一个或多个远程功能，a)录像机节目编排，b)电子交易，c)可视电话，d)因特网电话服务，e)本地社团节目编排，f)商品订购，g)有目标的广告，h)股票交易，以及i)家庭控制。The first processor is capable of processing messages via the common communication channel supporting one or more remote functions selected from a) video recorder programming, b) electronic transactions, c) visual telephone, d) Internet telephony service, e) local community programming, f) merchandise ordering, g) targeted advertising, h) stock trading, and i) home control. 17.一种用于对按照多个数据格式编码并在公共物理通信链路上接收的输入视频数据解码的视频解码器设备，包括：17. A video decoder device for decoding input video data encoded in a plurality of data formats and received over a common physical communication link, comprising: 第一处理器(50)，用于对按照因特网协议数据格式分组化并在公共通信链路上接收的表示图像的数据解码；a first processor (50) configured to decode data representing images packetized according to an internet protocol data format and received over a common communication link; 第二处理器(75)，用于对以因特网协议数据格式以外的MPEG兼容数据格式分组并在公共通信链路上接收的广播视频数据解码，以提供第二解码视频输出，其中可动态地改变公共通信链路上传送的表示图像的数据相对于广播视频数据的比例；A second processor (75) for decoding broadcast video data packetized in an MPEG-compatible data format other than an Internet Protocol data format and received over the common communication link to provide a second decoded video output, which may be dynamically changed The proportion of data representing images relative to broadcast video data transmitted over public communication links; 第三处理器(15，43，85)，用于编码通过所述公共通信链路返回传递到广播源的数据；a third processor (15, 43, 85) for encoding data passed back to the broadcast source via said common communication link; 同步装置(15，55，80)，用于使所述返回通信与所述公共通信链路上的接收数据同步；以及synchronizing means (15, 55, 80) for synchronizing said return communication with received data on said common communication link; and 显示处理器(55，80)，用于从第一和第二解码视频输出形成显示图像。A display processor (55, 80) for forming a display image from the first and second decoded video outputs. 18.如权利要求17所述的设备，其中包括：18. The device of claim 17, comprising: 用于识别在所述公共通信链路上接收的输入数据中的同步指示符(15)的装置，使所述第一解码视频输出与所述第二解码视频输出同步。Means for identifying a synchronization indicator (15) in incoming data received over said common communication link, for synchronizing said first decoded video output with said second decoded video output. 19.一种用于对按照多个数据格式编码并在公共物理通信链路上接收的输入视频数据解码的方法，包括下列步骤：19. A method for decoding input video data encoded in a plurality of data formats and received over a common physical communication link, comprising the steps of: 对以因特网协议数据格式分组化并在公共通信链路上接收的表示图像的数据解码，以提供第一解码视频输出；decoding data representative of the image packetized in an internet protocol data format and received over the common communication link to provide a first decoded video output; 对以因特网协议数据格式以外的MPEG兼容数据格式分组并在公共通信链路上接收的广播视频数据解码，以提供第二解码视频输出，其中可动态地改变公共通信链路上传送的表示图像的数据相对于广播视频数据的比例；以及decoding broadcast video data packetized in an MPEG-compatible data format other than an Internet Protocol data format and received over the common communication link to provide a second decoded video output, wherein the representation image conveyed over the common communication link can be dynamically changed Ratio of data relative to broadcast video data; and 从第一和第二解码视频输出形成显示图像。A display image is formed from the first and second decoded video outputs.
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WO1999018718A1 (en) 1999-04-15

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