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CN1269575C - 向液体充气的装置 - Google Patents

向液体充气的装置 Download PDF

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CN1269575C
CN1269575C CNB021431655A CN02143165A CN1269575C CN 1269575 C CN1269575 C CN 1269575C CN B021431655 A CNB021431655 A CN B021431655A CN 02143165 A CN02143165 A CN 02143165A CN 1269575 C CN1269575 C CN 1269575C
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B·舍尔青格
H·加布尔
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/20—Jet mixers, i.e. mixers using high-speed fluid streams
    • B01F25/21—Jet mixers, i.e. mixers using high-speed fluid streams with submerged injectors, e.g. nozzles, for injecting high-pressure jets into a large volume or into mixing chambers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
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    • B01F25/312—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows with Venturi elements; Details thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/312—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows with Venturi elements; Details thereof
    • B01F25/3124—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows with Venturi elements; Details thereof characterised by the place of introduction of the main flow
    • B01F25/31242—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows with Venturi elements; Details thereof characterised by the place of introduction of the main flow the main flow being injected in the central area of the venturi, creating an aspiration in the circumferential part of the conduit
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    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
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    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

一种向液体充气的装置，特别是应用浮选法使杂质与悬浮液分离的装置或设备，该装置包括一压力容器，可盛装液体和在液体上方的气体容积，在压力容器上部有气体的压力管接头和一喷管，通过喷管喷射液体，喷管(11)与安装在压力容器(2)内的喷射器(10)的头部连接，该喷射器伸到压力容器盛装液体的下部，喷射器头部伸到压力容器中盛装气体容积的顶部，横截面大致恒等的混合管(12)紧接喷射器的头部，并且横截面积沿射流方向增大的扩散器(13)连接所述头部或混合管，被气体饱和的液体的排出管(14)连接扩散器，至少此排出管浸入在所述液体中，浸入液体中的径向扩散器(15)安装在扩散器或排出管之后，其特征在于：大致圆柱形孔板至少围着浸入液体中的扩散器、排出管或径向扩散器的底部，且孔板初始处在压力容器的底部。

Description

向液体充气的装置
技术领域
本发明涉及向液体充气的方法，特别适用于以浮选法将杂质与悬浮液分离的方法，该方法包括液体通过喷管喷入气体容积中；本发明也涉及液体充气的装置，特别适用于以浮选法将杂质与悬浮液分离的设备或装备，该设备包括盛放液体并且在液体上方是气体容积的压力容器，同时在压力容器上面部分有气体的压力接头，和向压力容器内喷入液体的喷管。
背景技术
浮选是从悬浮液中去除杂质的物理机械过程。该过程要求产生稳定的数量和大小均布的气泡。疏水或防水的物质被附于其上的气泡带到液面，因而能和泡沫一起排走。这种方法可从例如DE 4116916C2知晓且已达到高的技术水准。不灌水自起动喷射器常用来产生气泡并将其混合到悬浮液中。含杂质的悬浮液从喷管中喷出会产生真空并吸入气体，由于此气体与液体之间发生冲量交换该气体便与悬浮液混合。这种类型装置的说明可见DE 3412431A1。
浮选法的特殊问题是如何获得气体饱和液及气泡如何在其中产生。EP 789672A1描述一种装置，其中加压液体通过喷管喷入压力容器充满压缩气体的顶部。这时，液体和气体只接触短时间，因此只有少量气体进入液体，产生不了多少涡流。因此，液体必须循环几次或者需要提高饱和压力，但这样导致能耗大，在以后的浮选阶段需要输入较多能量。此外在饱和液体流出时还会放出气泡，显著降低后面的浮选效率。
从AT 407844可知，悬浮液充气过程使用的浮选槽有悬浮液的自由面，溢流法使泡沫从自由面上脱离。DE 19845536也示出气体与液体混合的方法。空气用作溶解在液体中的气体比较方便。由于存在流速较高，事实上只溶解了很少部分可获得的空气。此外空气不是从在压力下的容积吸入，因此气体/空气的溶解度很小。DE 4029982示出用一对变型喷管，其中作为多孔管的多个特殊装置用于使空气更好地分布到悬浮液中。通过这种结构，在气体侧产生附加的压力降，导致液体中溶解度大量下降。被液体吸收的气体/空气受此特殊分配装置的影响很大。如果此液体是纤维悬浮液，则还可能出现孔的堵塞。
发明内容
因此本发明的目的是找到一种装置，它在提高质量传递的情况下用气体使液体饱和，同时更有效地达到与最高可能的饱和度。
根据本发明，提供了向液体充气的装置，特别是应用浮选法使杂质与悬浮液分离的装置或设备，该装置包括一压力容器，可盛装液体和在液体上方的气体容积，在压力容器上部有气体的压力管接头和一喷管，通过喷管喷射液体，喷管与安装在压力容器内的喷射器的头部连接，该喷射器伸到压力容器盛装液体的下部，喷射器头部伸到压力容器中盛装气体容积的顶部，横截面大致恒等的混合管紧接喷射器的头部，并且横截面积沿射流方向增大的扩散器连接所述头部或混合管，被气体饱和的液体的排出管连接扩散器，至少此排出管浸入在所述液体中，浸入液体中的径向扩散器安装在扩散器或排出管之后，其特征在于：大致圆柱形孔板至少围着浸入液体中的扩散器、排出管或径向扩散器的底部，且孔板初始处在压力容器的底部。本发明的装置的压力容器内安装的喷射器的头部与喷管连接，此时喷射器伸到盛放液体的压力容器下部，而喷射器头部伸到含气体容积的压力容器顶部。
如果喷射器头部末节横截面沿射流方向减小，则混合区中的速度和紊流度可进一步增加。
在一优选结构中，离开压力容器的被气体饱和的液体的排出口位于孔板顶端下方。
附图说明
现在参照附图所示实例将在下述说明中详细解释本发明。这里，图1是本发明浮选装置简图，图2和3示出本发明的液体充气装置，同样是简图。
具体实施方式
图1提供的浮选装置简图中有向液体充气的设备4。浮选槽6的大部分注入悬浮液5，其表面上形成的泡沫7含尽量多的要用浮选法去除的固体颗粒。撇乳器18将此泡沫带到泡沫沟槽8中，作为漂浮物F排出。
以重复循环液流形式出现的部分清洁水K用增压泵1加压到要求的饱和压力3-10巴，并被送到本发明的饱和罐2。来自周围区域的空气用压缩机3加压到要求的饱和压力，再送到饱和罐2，该罐特别设计来增加饱和度的，而来自周围区域的空气通过强化的质量传递而溶解在液体中。压力加大到饱和点的液压流体于是进入膨胀装置4进行降压，并且和含固体的流入物Z并可能和加入的浮选剂C一起输送到浮选槽6，在其中作浮选处理。由于压力膨胀形成的极细气泡附着到疏水固体上并将固体带到液面。用浮选法净化过的悬浮液作为清洁水K离开浮选槽。
图2示出本发明提高空气饱和度的装置。压力容器9的大部分装液体，用压缩机将提高饱和度所需的空气L增加到要求的饱和压力并进入在压力容器头部的空气腔。压力容器中有一不灌水自起动喷射器10，它是为极端的吸入条件设计的，因为空气按亨利定律溶入水中且由于空气溶水性差，它以气泡形式工作最有效。在本设备中，为极端吸入条件(80-170％)设计的不灌水自起动喷射器以微泡形式将空气混入液相。喷射器10以高的充气量(80-170％，最好大于100％)工作意味着吸入的气体比进入液体中的多。由于循环空气量大，便产生一种结果，即液相中有很大紊流度和大的质量传递区，导致比现有装置在饱和度上有很大提高。本方法即使在低压下也有高的空气饱和度，因此可节能，或减少液体在饱和罐中停留时间，即可建造较小的设备。
接下来经过管子14将气-液传送到压力容器底部，位于该底部的径向分散器15将其分布到圆柱形内腔16的整个横截面上。这样发生的气泡通过周围的液体上升到液面，其间空气聚集在压力容器头部以便再循环。因此，只有未溶解的空气才必须在压缩机中加压到饱和压力并再次加入。达到饱和点的高压液体D离开压力容器，将在外腔17底部排除任何剩余气泡。由于在圆柱形内腔底部引入气泡分散，因此还可将饱和液体中未溶解气泡排除。结果，后面的浮选阶段可最优化地进行。
图3是不灌水自起动喷射器10的简图。它主要包括推进喷射喷管11、混合管或冲量交换管12及扩散器13。压力增至工作压力的推进液体T在推进喷射喷管11中加速。从推进喷射喷管11出来的液流19根据自由射流定律扩散而产生真空，此真空用来吸进空气R。在混合管12中，空气与推进喷射液流混合，而产生细小气泡并在高紊流度下有强的质量传递。扩散器13用于回收能量。管子14将气-液分散系传送到径向扩散器15，使排出的气泡分散B扩散。

Claims (3)

1.向液体充气的装置，特别是应用浮选法使杂质与悬浮液分离的装置或设备，该装置包括一压力容器，可盛装液体和在液体上方的气体容积，在压力容器上部有气体的压力管接头和一喷管，通过喷管喷射液体，喷管(11)与安装在压力容器(2)内的喷射器(10)的头部连接，该喷射器(10)伸到压力容器(2)盛装液体的下部，喷射器头部伸到压力容器(2)中盛装气体容积的顶部，横截面大致恒等的混合管(12)紧接喷射器(10)的头部，并且横截面积沿射流方向增大的扩散器(13)连接所述头部或混合管(12)，被气体饱和的液体的排出管(14)连接扩散器(13)，至少此排出管(14)浸入在所述液体中，浸入液体中的径向扩散器(15)安装在扩散器(13)或排出管(14)之后，其特征在于：大致圆柱形孔板至少围着浸入液体中的扩散器(13)、排出管(14)或径向扩散器(15)的底部，且孔板初始处在压力容器(2)的底部。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于：喷射器(10)的头部末节的横截面积沿射流方向减小。
3.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于：被气体饱和的液体离开压力容器(2)的出口位于孔板顶边以下。
CNB021431655A 2001-09-17 2002-09-16 向液体充气的装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1269575C (zh)

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ATA1458/2001 2001-09-17
AT0145801A AT410406B (de) 2001-09-17 2001-09-17 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur belüftung einer flüssigkeit mit gas

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NO323530B1 (no) 2007-06-04
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NZ521384A (en) 2004-02-27
ATA14582001A (de) 2002-09-15
ATE291485T1 (de) 2005-04-15
KR20030024631A (ko) 2003-03-26
MXPA02009007A (es) 2003-04-25
JP2003181260A (ja) 2003-07-02
CN1408479A (zh) 2003-04-09
EP1293254B1 (de) 2005-03-23
DE50202526D1 (de) 2005-04-28
EP1293254A3 (de) 2004-02-18
NO20024102L (no) 2003-03-18
BR0203788A (pt) 2003-06-03
CA2397997A1 (en) 2003-03-17
US6998056B2 (en) 2006-02-14
EP1293254A2 (de) 2003-03-19
NO20024102D0 (no) 2002-08-28

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