CN1268340C - Pharmaceutical composition containing fused indole compound - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种含SB 207266或其药学上可接受的盐的新组合物,例如其片剂或胶囊。The present invention relates to a new composition containing SB 207266 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, such as tablets or capsules thereof.
背景技术Background technique
WO 93/18036(SmithKline Beecham)公开了大量稠合吲哚化合物如5-HT4拮抗剂,包括例如17-18页的实施例3所述的N-[1-n丁基-4-哌啶基)甲基]-3,4-二氢-2H-[1,3]噁嗪并[3,2-a]吲哚-10-羧酰胺(SB 207266)或其优选的盐酸盐(SB 207266-A)。这些化合物已经被公开,它们用于治疗或预防胃肠疾病、心血管疾病和CNS疾病,尤其是应激性肠综合征。WO 93/18036还在说明书的6-7页用通常的措词进行了描述:“预防与5-HT相关的心房纤维性颤动和其它心律不齐的特异性心脏5-HT4受体拮抗剂可降低中风发生”。对于化合物SB 207266还可参见US 5,852,014、EP 0 884 319 A2、L.M.Gaster等,《医用化学杂志》(J.Med.Chem.),1995,38,4760-4763和Drugs ofthe Future,1997,22(12),1325-1332,它通过5HT受体对5HT4受体具有高度选择性。SB 207266的结构如下:WO 93/18036 (SmithKline Beecham) discloses a number of fused indole compounds such as 5-HT antagonists including, for example , N-[1- n -butyl-4-piperidine as described in Example 3 on pages 17-18 base) methyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-[1,3]oxazino[3,2-a]indole-10-carboxamide (SB 207266) or its preferred hydrochloride (SB 207266-A). These compounds have been disclosed for the treatment or prophylaxis of gastrointestinal, cardiovascular and CNS disorders, especially irritable bowel syndrome. WO 93/18036 also describes it in the usual terms on pages 6-7 of the specification: "Specific cardiac 5-HT receptor antagonists for the prevention of 5-HT-associated atrial fibrillation and other arrhythmias May reduce the incidence of stroke." For compound SB 207266 see also US 5,852,014, EP 0 884 319 A2, LMGaster et al, "Journal of Medical Chemistry" (J.Med.Chem.), 1995, 38, 4760-4763 and Drugs of the Future, 1997, 22 (12 ), 1325-1332, which is highly selective for the 5HT 4 receptor via the 5HT receptor. SB 207266 is structured as follows:
对于SB 207266的改进合成,参见WO 98/07728、WO 98/11067;WO00/03983;和WO 00/03984。For an improved synthesis of SB 207266, see WO 98/07728, WO 98/11067; WO 00/03983; and WO 00/03984.
有几种本领域公开的制备游离碱形式或盐酸盐的方法。WO 93/18035的第17-18页的实施例3公开了根据方法1和2的游离碱形式的SB 207266的制备。方法2还公开了向盐酸盐的转化和从乙醇/60-80挥发油再结晶产生白色固体。L.Gaster,Drugs of the Future,1997,22(12),1325-1332公开了有关通过用乙醇中的无水HCL处理SB 207266游离碱形成HCL盐的类似方法。WO 98/07728在第6页第5行至第7页第20行公开了三种制备游离碱的新方法。WO 98/07728还公开了两种制备HCl盐的方法(SB 207266A)---第7页第22行至第8页第9行的方法A、和第8页第10行至第8页第19行的方法B。在WO 98/07728的第8页第10-19行,制备SB 207266盐酸盐的方法B如下:“将N-[(1-丁基-4-哌啶基)甲基]-3,4-二氢-2H-[1,3]-噁嗪并[3,2-a]吲哚-10-羧酰胺(SB-207266)(100g,0.27mol)溶解在乙醇(870ml)中,过滤所得到的溶液以去除微粒。加入乙醇中的无水HCl(83ml,3.6M,0.30mol)使产品从溶液中沉淀出来。加热结晶浆液以便再次溶解固体,并加入己烷(550ml)。冷却至室温后,将混合物冷却至0-5度,并在室温下搅拌约两小时。通过过滤分离固体,并在约40度进行真空干燥得到产品,N-[(1-丁基-4-哌啶基)甲基]-3,4-二氢-2H-[1,3]-噁嗪并[3,2-a]吲哚-10-羧酰胺盐酸盐,产率94%(102.8g)。”There are several methods disclosed in the art for the preparation of the free base form or the hydrochloride salt. Example 3 on pages 17-18 of WO 93/18035 discloses the preparation of SB 207266 in free base form according to methods 1 and 2. Method 2 also disclosed conversion to the hydrochloride salt and recrystallization from ethanol/60-80 volatile oil yielded a white solid. L. Gaster, Drugs of the Future, 1997, 22(12), 1325-1332 discloses a similar method for the formation of the HCL salt by treating the SB 207266 free base with anhydrous HCL in ethanol. WO 98/07728 discloses three novel processes for the preparation of free bases on page 6, line 5 to page 7, line 20. WO 98/07728 also discloses two methods for the preparation of HCl salts (SB 207266A)---method A on page 7, line 22 to page 8, line 9, and page 8, line 10 to page 8 Method B on line 19. On page 8, lines 10-19 of WO 98/07728, method B for the preparation of SB 207266 hydrochloride is as follows: "N-[(1-butyl-4-piperidinyl)methyl]-3,4 -Dihydro-2H-[1,3]-oxazino[3,2-a]indole-10-carboxamide (SB-207266) (100g, 0.27mol) was dissolved in ethanol (870ml), and filtered The resulting solution was removed to remove particulates. Anhydrous HCl in ethanol (83ml, 3.6M, 0.30mol) was added to precipitate the product from solution. The crystallization slurry was heated to redissolve the solids and hexane (550ml) was added. Cool to room temperature Afterwards, the mixture was cooled to 0-5 degrees and stirred at room temperature for about two hours. The solid was isolated by filtration and vacuum dried at about 40 degrees to obtain the product, N-[(1-butyl-4-piperidinyl )methyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-[1,3]-oxazino[3,2-a]indole-10-carboxamide hydrochloride, yield 94% (102.8 g). "
发明内容Contents of the invention
现已认识到某些制备SB 207266盐酸盐的方法存在一些问题,这些方法与WO 98/07728的第8页第10-19行中的方法B所公开的方法类似或相同,其中盐酸盐被溶解在乙醇、工业甲基化酒精(IMS,如约1%甲醇的乙醇)或类似物中,再通过加入C5-C10烃(例如,己烷和/或庚烷)和/或含C5-C10烃(例如,己烷和/或庚烷)的溶剂使其结晶。Problems have been recognized with certain methods of preparing SB 207266 hydrochloride which are similar or identical to the method disclosed in method B on page 8, lines 10-19 of WO 98/07728, wherein the hydrochloride is dissolved in ethanol, industrial methylated spirits (IMS, e.g. ethanol with about 1 % A solvent of 5 -C 10 hydrocarbons (for example, hexane and/or heptane) allows crystallization.
最近认识到的问题的第一方面在于这些方法产生极小颗粒形式的SB207266盐酸盐。例如,下表表示用类似WO 98/07728第8页的方法B的方法制备的几批SB-207266-A的颗粒大小数据,但其中在结晶步骤中用庚烷代替己烷:A first aspect of the recently recognized problem is that these processes produce SB207266 hydrochloride in the form of very small particles. For example, the table below shows particle size data for several batches of SB-207266-A prepared by a method similar to method B on page 8 of WO 98/07728, but wherein heptane was used instead of hexane in the crystallization step:
DV 90、DV 50和DV 10分别表示该物质体积的90%、50%和10%小于指定的微米大小。DV 90, DV 50 and DV 10 indicate that 90%, 50% and 10% of the volume of the substance is smaller than the specified micron size, respectively.
最近认识到的问题的第二方面是发现通过这些方法产生的SB 207266盐酸盐非常有粘性并且具有很差的可流动性/流动特性。A second aspect of the recently recognized problem is the discovery that SB 207266 hydrochloride produced by these methods is very viscous and has poor flowability/flow characteristics.
最近认识到的问题的第三方面在于在上面一定浓度时在药物制剂中,当SB-207266盐酸盐与标准的甲基纤维素、甘露糖醇和硬脂酸镁赋形剂结合时,这种粘性药物材料使组合物极其不易流动,从而难以制成片剂或制成胶囊。已发现,用于人口服给药,包含SB-207266盐酸盐(约5.0mg)、微晶纤维素(30.0mg)、甘露糖醇(112.0mg)、硬脂酸镁(3.0mg),其总片剂重约150mg的SB 207266组合物是有可能制成片剂的。但是,采用这种配制,较高浓度的SB-207266盐酸盐不易制成片剂。A third aspect of the recently recognized problem is that at the above concentrations in pharmaceutical formulations, this The viscous drug material makes the composition extremely immobile, making it difficult to form tablets or form capsules. It has been found that, for oral administration in humans, it contains SB-207266 hydrochloride (about 5.0 mg), microcrystalline cellulose (30.0 mg), mannitol (112.0 mg), magnesium stearate (3.0 mg), which A composition of SB 207266 with a total tablet weight of about 150 mg is possible to tablet. However, with this formulation, higher concentrations of SB-207266 hydrochloride are not readily tablettable.
最近认识到的问题的第四方面是小颗粒SB207266盐酸盐具有低的堆积密度,加入水则密度增加。这意味着在固定容量的混合器中几乎不能加入任何物质,由于大容量设备不得不用于相对小体积的药物(较小的车间产量)导致形成一种效率很低的生产方法。A fourth aspect of the problem that has recently been recognized is that small particle SB207266 hydrochloride has a low bulk density, which increases with the addition of water. This means that hardly anything can be added in a fixed volume mixer, resulting in a very inefficient production method as the large volume equipment has to be used for relatively small volumes of drug (smaller plant throughput).
现已发现,这些问题的部分或全部可通过以下方法至少可以部分地克服或减少,即,使SB 207266盐酸盐形成具有大于原始SB 207266盐酸盐的颗粒大小的颗粒,例如,通过采用湿制粒法。已发现这些颗粒对于制片过程具有较好的流动性。还发现在颗粒中加入充填剂,尤其是不溶解的充填剂例如CaHPO4和/或Ca3(PO4)2可有助于形成具有药学上有利特性的颗粒,例如,通常使成粒溶剂中的极易溶解的SB 207266盐酸盐的溶解降到最低限度,因此在去除溶剂后使不必要的颗粒的稠合降到最低。也期望所有这些益处或其中某些益处在被认为具有通常小颗粒大小的游离碱中获得,例如,当在甲苯溶液中己烷进行结晶时,该游离碱通过滤器非常缓慢(例如,WO 98/07728的第6页第19-23行的方法A和第7页的第14-20行的方法C)。我们认为除盐酸盐外的其它类似盐也是有益的。It has now been found that some or all of these problems can be at least partially overcome or reduced by forming the SB 207266 hydrochloride into particles having a particle size larger than that of the original SB 207266 hydrochloride, e.g. Granulation method. These granules have been found to have better flowability for the tableting process. It has also been found that the addition of fillers to the granules, especially insoluble fillers such as CaHPO 4 and/or Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 can help to form granules with pharmaceutically favorable properties, e.g. Dissolution of the very soluble SB 207266 hydrochloride is minimized, thus minimizing fusing of unwanted particles after solvent removal. It is also expected that all or some of these benefits are obtained in free bases which are believed to have generally small particle sizes, e.g., when hexane is crystallized in toluene solution, the free base passes through the filter very slowly (e.g., WO 98/ Method A on page 6, lines 19-23 of 07728 and method C on page 7, lines 14-20). We believe that other similar salts besides the hydrochloride are also beneficial.
因此,本发明一方面提供一种含N-[1-n丁基-4-哌啶基)甲基]-3,4-二氢-2H-[1,3]噁嗪并[3,2-a]吲哚-10-羧酰胺(SB 207266)或其药学上可接受的盐以及一种或多种药学上可接受的载体的药物组合物,其中至少一些SB 207266或其盐是颗粒形式,并且所述SB 207266或其盐在该组合物中至少占组合物重量的4wt.%。Therefore, one aspect of the present invention provides a kind of N-[1- n -butyl-4-piperidinyl) methyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-[1,3]oxazino[3,2 -a] A pharmaceutical composition of indole-10-carboxamide (SB 207266) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, wherein at least some of SB 207266 or a salt thereof is in the form of granules , and said SB 207266 or a salt thereof accounts for at least 4wt.% of the weight of the composition in the composition.
该组合物优选片剂,或者本发明的组合物可以是含该组合物的胶囊。The composition is preferably a tablet, or the composition of the invention may be a capsule containing the composition.
优选,包含SB 207266或其盐的颗粒具有由“D50”所定义颗粒的大小,或者由≥100微米(微米)的重量(DM50)或体积(DV50)表示,例如100-1000微米,更优选≥200微米,例如200-1000或200-500微米,进一步优选≥250微米,例如250-500微米。优选,包含50%重量或体积的SB 207266或其盐的颗粒具有指定大小范围的颗粒大小。Preferably, the particles comprising SB 207266 or a salt thereof have a particle size defined by "D50", or expressed by weight (DM50) or volume (DV50) > 100 microns (microns), such as 100-1000 microns, more preferably > 200 microns, such as 200-1000 or 200-500 microns, more preferably ≥250 microns, such as 250-500 microns. Preferably, the particles comprising 50% by weight or volume of SB 207266 or a salt thereof have a particle size within the specified size range.
优选,包含SB 207266或其盐的颗粒具有由“D10”所定义颗粒的大小,或者由≥10微米(微米)的重量(DM10)或体积(DV10)表示,例如10-1000微米,更优选≥50微米,例如50-1000或50-500微米,进一步优选≥100微米,例如100-500微米。Preferably, the particles comprising SB 207266 or a salt thereof have a particle size defined by "D10", or expressed by a weight (DM10) or volume (DV10) > 10 microns (microns), such as 10-1000 microns, more preferably > 50 microns, such as 50-1000 or 50-500 microns, more preferably ≥100 microns, such as 100-500 microns.
含具有上述中等颗粒大小至大颗粒大小的颗粒的本发明组合物通常具有较小的粘性、流动较好、因此很少产生上述制剂问题。Compositions of the present invention comprising particles having the above-mentioned medium to large particle sizes are generally less viscous, flow better and are therefore less prone to the above-mentioned formulation problems.
优选,SB 207266或其盐的颗粒(例如,形成颗粒之前和/或颗粒形成之后;例如,在颗粒中)具有由“D50”所定义的或由重量(DM50)或体积(DV50)所表示的、≤80微米(微米)的颗粒大小,更优选≤50微米,进一步优选≤20微米,甚至更优选≤10微米,最优选≤8微米。优选,SB 207266或其盐的颗粒的重量或体积的50%(例如,形成颗粒之前和/或颗粒形成之后;例如,在颗粒中)具有指定大小范围的颗粒大小。Preferably, the granules of SB 207266 or a salt thereof (e.g., before granulation and/or after granulation; e.g., in the granules) have a D50 defined by "D50" or expressed by weight (DM50) or volume (DV50). , a particle size of ≤ 80 microns (microns), more preferably ≤ 50 microns, further preferably ≤ 20 microns, even more preferably ≤ 10 microns, most preferably ≤ 8 microns. Preferably, 50% by weight or volume of the particles of SB 207266 or a salt thereof (e.g., before and/or after forming the particles; e.g., in the particles) have a particle size within the specified size range.
优选,SB 207266或其盐的颗粒(例如,形成颗粒之前和/或颗粒形成之后;例如,在颗粒中)具有由“D10”所定义的或由重量(DM10)或体积(DV10)所表示的、≤20微米(微米)的颗粒大小,更优选≤10微米,进一步优选≤5微米,甚至更优选≤2.5微米,最优选≤2微米。优选,SB 207266或其盐的颗粒的重量或体积的10%(例如,形成颗粒之前和/或颗粒形成之后;例如,在颗粒中)具有指定大小范围的颗粒大小。Preferably, the granules of SB 207266 or a salt thereof (e.g., before granulation and/or after granulation; e.g., in the granules) have a weight (DM10) or volume (DV10) defined by "D10" , a particle size of ≤ 20 microns (microns), more preferably ≤ 10 microns, further preferably ≤ 5 microns, even more preferably ≤ 2.5 microns, most preferably ≤ 2 microns. Preferably, 10% by weight or volume of the particles of SB 207266 or a salt thereof (e.g., before and/or after forming the particles; e.g., in the particles) have a particle size within the specified size range.
优选,SB 207266或其盐的颗粒(例如,形成颗粒之前和/或颗粒形成之后;例如,在颗粒中)具有由“D90”所定义的或由重量(DM90)或体积(DV90)所表示的、≤100微米(微米)的颗粒大小,更优选≤50微米,进一步优选≤20微米。优选,SB 207266或其盐的颗粒的重量或体积的90%(例如,形成颗粒之前和/或颗粒形成之后;例如,在颗粒中)具有指定大小范围的颗粒大小。Preferably, the granules of SB 207266 or a salt thereof (e.g., before and/or after granulation; e.g., in the granules) have a D90 defined by "D90" or expressed by weight (DM90) or volume (DV90). , a particle size of ≤ 100 microns (microns), more preferably ≤ 50 microns, further preferably ≤ 20 microns. Preferably, 90% by weight or volume of the particles of SB 207266 or a salt thereof (e.g., before and/or after forming the particles; e.g., in the particles) have a particle size within the specified size range.
如上所述,具有这种小颗粒大小的SB 207266或其盐最有可能产生上述问题,并且最有可能受益于本发明。As stated above, SB 207266 or its salts with such a small particle size are most likely to cause the above problems and are most likely to benefit from the present invention.
一般来说,可通过用一种或多种筛子筛选来测定颗粒大小(D50,D10,D90,等)(例如,用于进一步加工成片剂前的颗粒,和/或测定胶囊内的粉末)。对于片剂,可以在例如通过此片剂的切片(例如,光学上,通过显微镜,或别的方式)---特殊颗粒的直径可通过能由体积估算颗粒大小分布,进而由重量估算的方法来测定。In general, granule size (D50, D10, D90, etc.) can be determined by screening with one or more sieves (e.g., for granules prior to further processing into tablets, and/or for determining powders in capsules) . In the case of tablets, for example by sectioning the tablet (e.g., optically, by microscopy, or otherwise) - the diameter of particular particles can be estimated by methods that allow the particle size distribution to be estimated from volume, and thus from weight to measure.
优选,在组合物中至少占组合物重量的4wt.%,或优选至少占6wt.%或优选至少占8wt.%。优选,在组合物中至多含95wt.%的SB 207266或其盐,更优选至多含70wt.%,最优选至多含50wt.%。例如,对于每250mg重量的组合物(例如,对于每250mg包衣片或无包衣片的重量)来说,约10-100mg(例如,10、20、25、40、50、75、80和100mg)SB 207266或其盐是理想的。Preferably, it is present in the composition at least 4 wt.%, or preferably at least 6 wt.%, or preferably at least 8 wt.% by weight of the composition. Preferably, at most 95 wt.% of SB 207266 or a salt thereof is present in the composition, more preferably at most 70 wt.%, most preferably at most 50 wt.%. For example, about 10-100 mg (for example, 10, 20, 25, 40, 50, 75, 80 and 100 mg) SB 207266 or a salt thereof is ideal.
优选,N-[1-n丁基-4-哌啶基)甲基]-3,4-二氢-2H-[1,3]噁嗪并[3,2-a]吲哚-10-羧酰胺(SB 207266)或其药学上可接受的盐包含(例如,是)SB 207266(SB207266-A)的盐酸盐。Preferably, N-[1- n- butyl-4-piperidinyl)methyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-[1,3]oxazino[3,2-a]indole-10- The carboxamide (SB 207266) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof comprises, for example, is the hydrochloride salt of SB 207266 (SB207266-A).
优选,含SB 207266或其盐的颗粒也包含一种充填剂(稀释剂)。制粒前将充填剂与SB 207266或其盐混合通常有助于颗粒形成。对纯SB 207266或其盐制粒是很困难的。Preferably, the granules containing SB 207266 or a salt thereof also contain a filler (diluent). Mixing the filler with SB 207266 or its salts prior to granulation generally aids granulation. Granulation of pure SB 207266 or its salts is difficult.
优选,充填剂(稀释剂)具有研磨作用。这有助于降低SB 207266或盐的粘结性。Preferably, the filler (diluent) has an abrasive action. This helps reduce the stickiness of SB 207266 or salt.
优选,在一种/这种制粒溶剂如水和/或乙醇中充填剂(稀释剂)为不溶性的、几乎不溶的、极微溶的或微溶的(更优选不溶性的或几乎不溶的)。术语“几乎不溶的”、“极微溶的”和/或“微溶的”可按英国药典、欧洲药典和/或美国药典所述的定义。根据1999年英国药典(第11页)“几乎不溶的”是指至少需要10升溶剂溶解1克充填剂(例如,在室温下,如20度或优选25度)。根据英国药典“极微溶的”是指至少需要1-10升溶剂溶解1克充填剂(例如,在25度)。根据英国药典“微溶的”是指至少需要100ml-1升溶剂溶解1克充填剂(例如,在25度)。Preferably, the filler (diluent) is insoluble, almost insoluble, very slightly soluble or slightly soluble (more preferably insoluble or almost insoluble) in the/the granulation solvent such as water and/or ethanol. The terms "practically insoluble", "very slightly soluble" and/or "slightly soluble" may be as defined in the British Pharmacopoeia, the European Pharmacopoeia and/or the US Pharmacopoeia. "Practically insoluble" according to British Pharmacopoeia 1999 (p. 11) means that at least 10 liters of solvent are required to dissolve 1 gram of filler (eg at room temperature, eg 20 degrees or preferably 25 degrees). "Very slightly soluble" according to the British Pharmacopoeia means that at least 1-10 liters of solvent are required to dissolve 1 gram of filler (eg at 25 degrees). "Sparsely soluble" according to the British Pharmacopoeia means that at least 100 ml-1 liter of solvent is required to dissolve 1 gram of filler (eg at 25 degrees).
在(湿)制粒过程中,几乎不溶的、极微溶的或微溶的(优选不溶的)充填剂常常在去除溶剂后使不必要的颗粒的稠合降到最低/减少,和/或提高颗粒的质量。During (wet) granulation, almost insoluble, very slightly soluble or sparingly soluble (preferably insoluble) fillers often minimize/reduce unwanted agglomeration of granules after solvent removal, and/or Improve the quality of pellets.
优选,充填剂包括任何药学上可接受的金属(例如钙或镁)盐,它在制粒溶剂例如水和/或乙醇中几乎不溶、极微溶或微溶(优选不溶)。Preferably, the filler comprises any pharmaceutically acceptable metal (eg calcium or magnesium) salt which is practically insoluble, very slightly soluble or slightly soluble (preferably insoluble) in granulation solvents such as water and/or ethanol.
这种盐可以是例如磷酸盐、磷酸氢盐、碳酸盐或碳酸氢盐。这些不溶到微溶的盐包括磷酸钙、二代磷酸钙、碳酸钙、碳酸镁、磷酸镁等。Such salts may be, for example, phosphates, hydrogenphosphates, carbonates or bicarbonates. These insoluble to slightly soluble salts include calcium phosphate, dibasic calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, magnesium phosphate, and the like.
优选,该充填剂包括二代磷酸钙(即磷酸二钙,CaHPO4),更优选二代磷酸钙水合物,例如二水合物(即CaHPO4·2H2O)。也可使用无水二代磷酸钙。CaHPO4(例如水合的或无水的),具有研磨作用并且有助于降低SB 207266或其盐的粘结性;它在水中是不溶的,这有助于上述制粒过程。或者(或另外),该充填剂可包括磷酸钙即三代磷酸钙Ca3(PO4)2。Preferably, the filler comprises dibasic calcium phosphate (ie dicalcium phosphate, CaHPO 4 ), more preferably dibasic calcium phosphate hydrate, eg dihydrate (ie CaHPO 4 ·2H 2 O). Anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate may also be used. CaHPO 4 (eg, hydrated or anhydrous), has an abrasive action and helps reduce the cohesiveness of SB 207266 or its salts; it is insoluble in water, which facilitates the granulation process described above. Alternatively (or in addition), the filler may comprise calcium phosphate, tertiary calcium phosphate Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 .
优选充填剂至多占颗粒重量的95%和/或至多占组合物重量的70%。优选,该充填剂占组合物的≥15wt%或≥20wt%或≥30wt%。优选,在组合物或颗粒中充填剂与药物的重量比至少为1∶3,优选至少1∶2.5,或至少1∶2或至少2∶3。Preferably the filler comprises up to 95% by weight of the granules and/or up to 70% by weight of the composition. Preferably, the filler comprises > 15 wt % or > 20 wt % or > 30 wt % of the composition. Preferably, the weight ratio of filler to drug in the composition or granule is at least 1:3, preferably at least 1:2.5, or at least 1:2 or at least 2:3.
优选,该组合物包括一种作为压片和/或制粒辅助剂的赋形剂,例如微晶纤维素(MCC),优选至少为组合物的15wt%,更优选15-30wt%(例如约20wt%)。当压片时MCC有助于塑料变形。这种压片和/或制粒辅助剂可位于颗粒的内部或外面。Preferably, the composition includes an excipient, such as microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), as a tableting and/or granulation aid, preferably at least 15% by weight of the composition, more preferably 15-30% by weight (e.g. about 20wt%). MCC helps plastic deformation when tableting. Such tableting and/or granulation aids may be located inside or outside the granules.
优选,该组合物包括诸如羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)(例如,粘度低的HPMC如Pharmacoat 603)的粘结剂。该粘结剂优选存在于颗粒中。其它可能的粘结剂可包括HPC、HEC、HMC、甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素等。优选粘结剂可约占组合物的2.5-10wt%(例如,约5wt%)。Preferably, the composition includes a binder such as hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) (eg, a low viscosity HPMC such as Pharmacoat 603). The binder is preferably present in the granules. Other possible binders may include HPC, HEC, HMC, methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, and the like. Preferably, the binder may comprise about 2.5-10% by weight (eg, about 5% by weight) of the composition.
优选,该组合物包括崩解剂(例如,片剂崩解剂)例如淀粉乙醇酸钠。崩解剂可优选约占组合物的2.5-10wt%(例如约5wt%)。Preferably, the composition includes a disintegrant (eg, a tablet disintegrant) such as sodium starch glycolate. The disintegrant may preferably comprise about 2.5-10% by weight (eg about 5% by weight) of the composition.
优选,该组合物包括诸如硬脂酸镁的润滑剂。优选该润滑剂可约占组合物的0.2-2wt%(例如约1wt%)。Preferably, the composition includes a lubricant such as magnesium stearate. Preferably, the lubricant may comprise about 0.2-2% by weight (eg, about 1% by weight) of the composition.
本发明的第二方面是提供一种制备含N-[1-n丁基-4-哌啶基)甲基]-3,4-二氢-2H-[1,3]噁嗪并[3,2-a]吲哚-10-羧酰胺(SB 207266)或其药学上可接受的盐以及一种或多种药学上可接受的载体的药物组合物的方法,其中SB207266或其盐至少占组合物重量的4wt%。The second aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing N-[1- n- butyl-4-piperidinyl) methyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-[1,3]oxazino[3 , 2-a] the method for the pharmaceutical composition of indole-10-carboxamide (SB 207266) or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, wherein SB207266 or its salt account for at least 4% by weight of the composition.
该方法包括将至少一些SB 207266或其盐制成颗粒。The method comprises granulating at least some of SB 207266 or a salt thereof.
优选,该方法还包括制粒前将一些或所有SB 207266或其盐与充填剂和/或粘结剂混合。充填剂和/或粘结剂如上面所定义。Preferably, the method further comprises mixing some or all of SB 207266 or a salt thereof with a filler and/or a binder prior to granulation. Fillers and/or binders are as defined above.
优选,在制粒溶剂中形成颗粒(即,使用“湿制粒”法),例如,该溶剂包括或者就是水和/或乙醇,优选水。SB 207266或其盐与充填剂和/或粘结剂混合后则可加入溶剂。优选使用刚好足以能够制粒的溶剂。Preferably, the granules are formed in a granulation solvent (ie, using a "wet granulation" method), eg, the solvent includes or is water and/or ethanol, preferably water. After mixing SB 207266 or its salt with filler and/or binder, solvent can be added. It is preferred to use just enough solvent to enable granulation.
优选,形成颗粒后去除溶剂,例如通过干燥的方法。Preferably, the solvent is removed after particle formation, for example by drying.
优选,然后将该组合物/颗粒可选择地与其它赋形剂混合,并压成片。Preferably, the composition/granules are then mixed optionally with other excipients and compressed into tablets.
SB 207266或其盐可通过任何常规给药途径方便地给药,例如通过非肠道、口服、局部、吸入给药。SB 207266 or a salt thereof may be conveniently administered by any conventional route of administration, for example parenterally, orally, topically, by inhalation.
视所需制剂的情况而定,制备该组合物和/或片剂和/或胶囊的步骤可包含混合、制粒和压片或溶解组分。The steps of preparing the composition and/or tablets and/or capsules may comprise mixing, granulating and compressing or dissolving the components, depending on the desired formulation.
用于本组合物的赋形剂/载体在与制剂的其它组分相容的意义上应是“药学上可接受的”、并且对其接受者无害。The excipient/carrier used in the present composition should be "pharmaceutically acceptable" in the sense of being compatible with the other ingredients of the formulation and not deleterious to the recipient thereof.
所使用的药学上可接受的载体可以是例如,固体或液体。固体载体的例子有乳糖、石膏粉、蔗糖、滑石、明胶、琼脂、果胶、金合欢、硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸等。液体载体的例子为糖浆、花生油、橄榄油、水等。与此类似,载体或稀释剂可包括本领域众所周知的延时物质,例如,一硬脂酸甘油酯或二硬脂酸甘油酯本身或者与蜡的混合物。The pharmaceutically acceptable carrier used can be, for example, solid or liquid. Examples of solid carriers are lactose, terra alba, sucrose, talc, gelatin, agar, pectin, acacia, magnesium stearate, stearic acid, and the like. Examples of liquid carriers are syrup, peanut oil, olive oil, water and the like. Similarly, the carrier or diluent may include time delay materials well known in the art, for example, glyceryl monostearate or glyceryl distearate alone or with a wax.
可以采用各种药剂形式。因此,如果使用固体载体,则可将该制剂压制成片,以粉末或颗粒状形式或者以锭剂或糖锭的形式置于硬明胶胶囊中。固体载体的量广为不同,但优选约25mg-约1g。当使用液体载体时,制剂则则为糖浆剂、乳剂、软明胶胶囊、无菌可注射的液体例如安瓿或非水性的液体悬浮液形式。Various dosage forms can be employed. Thus, if a solid carrier is used, the preparation can be compressed into tablets, placed in a hard gelatine capsule in powder or granulated form or in the form of a troche or lozenge. The amount of solid carrier will vary widely, but preferably from about 25 mg to about 1 g. When liquid carriers are used, the preparations are in the form of syrups, emulsions, soft gelatin capsules, sterile injectable liquids such as ampoules or non-aqueous liquid suspensions.
特别优选人体口服给药的SB 207266的口服组合物如下:Particularly preferred oral compositions of SB 207266 for oral administration to humans are as follows:
SB-207266 5.0mg 淀粉乙醇酸钠 12.5mgSB-207266 5.0mg Sodium starch glycolate 12.5mg
微晶纤维素 50.0mg 磷酸二钙 167.5mgMicrocrystalline Cellulose 50.0mg Dicalcium Phosphate 167.5mg
HPMC 12.5mg 硬脂酸镁 2.5mgHPMC 12.5mg Magnesium Stearate 2.5mg
片重 250mgTablet weight 250mg
HPMC=羟丙基甲基纤维素HPMC = hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
可以很容易地将组合物中的剂量增加至20mg。该组合物是由制粒法得到的。The dosage in the composition can be easily increased up to 20 mg. The composition is obtained by granulation.
在下文实施例中对这些和其它适于口服的SB 207266的组合物进行了描述。These and other compositions of SB 207266 suitable for oral administration are described in the Examples below.
似乎进行了充分阐述、特别并逐一指出了每一出版物在本文中引作参考,在本说明书中所引用的所有出版物,包括但不限于专利和专利申请,在此均引作参考。As if fully set forth, each publication was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference herein, and all publications, including but not limited to patents and patent applications, cited in this specification are hereby incorporated by reference.
现通过下列实施例对本发明进行描述,这些实施例仅用以举例说明而不应理解为对本发明的范围进行限定。The present invention will now be described by the following examples, which are given by way of illustration only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
实施例Example
SB 207266---N-[1-n丁基-4-哌啶基)甲基]-3,4-二氢-2H-[1,3]噁嗪并[3,2-a]吲哚-10-羧酰胺(SB 207266)是采用引言中所述的合成方法制备的,即如WO 98/07728、WO 98/11067、WO 00/03983、和/或WO 00/03984之一或多个所述。例如,对于SB 207266盐酸盐,特别参见WO 98/07728第8页第10-19行的方法B,并按上述对其做稍许变动。SB 207266---N-[1- n- butyl-4-piperidinyl)methyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-[1,3]oxazino[3,2-a]indole -10-carboxamide (SB 207266) was prepared using the synthesis method described in the introduction, i.e. as in one or more of WO 98/07728, WO 98/11067, WO 00/03983, and/or WO 00/03984 mentioned. For example, for SB 207266 hydrochloride see especially method B of WO 98/07728 page 8 lines 10-19 with slight variations as above.
实施例1,2,3,3A,4和5-SB 207266药物组合物Example 1, 2, 3, 3A, 4 and 5-SB 207266 pharmaceutical composition
对比实施例1Comparative Example 1
一种人体口服给药的SB 207266的口服组合物如下:An oral composition of SB 207266 for oral administration to humans is as follows:
SB-207266 5.0mg 甘露糖醇 112.0mgSB-207266 5.0mg mannitol 112.0mg
微晶纤维素 30.0mg 硬脂酸镁 3.0mgMicrocrystalline Cellulose 30.0mg Magnesium Stearate 3.0mg
片重 150mgTablet weight 150mg
该组合物不是根据本发明所得。This composition is not obtained according to the invention.
实施例2Example 2
根据本发明的一种人体口服给药的SB 207266的口服组合物如下:The oral composition of SB 207266 according to a human oral administration of the present invention is as follows:
SB-207266 5.0mgSB-207266 5.0mg
微晶纤维素 50.0mgMicrocrystalline Cellulose 50.0mg
HPMC(羟丙基甲基纤维素) 12.5mgHPMC (Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose) 12.5mg
淀粉乙醇酸钠 12.5mgSodium starch glycolate 12.5mg
磷酸二钙 167.5mgDicalcium Phosphate 167.5mg
硬脂酸镁 2.5mgMagnesium stearate 2.5mg
片重 250mgTablet weight 250mg
可以很容易地将此组合物中的剂量增加至20mg。该组合物是由制粒法得到的。The dosage in this composition can be easily increased up to 20 mg. The composition is obtained by granulation.
实施例3Example 3
通过下列方法可改变实施例2的片剂,即,将SB 207266的剂量从5mg增加至20、60、75、80或100mg(根据游离碱测定),并因此减少磷酸二钙的用量,同时保持250mg片重不变。该组合物可使用SB 207266的游离碱或其盐酸盐。The tablet of Example 2 can be varied by increasing the dose of SB 207266 from 5 mg to 20, 60, 75, 80 or 100 mg (as determined by free base) and thus reducing the amount of dicalcium phosphate while maintaining The weight of the 250mg tablet remains unchanged. The composition can use the free base of SB 207266 or its hydrochloride.
实施例3AExample 3A
实施例2和3的组合物可使用SB 207266的游离碱或者使用其盐酸盐。The compositions of Examples 2 and 3 may use either the free base of SB 207266 or its hydrochloride salt.
实施例410、25、和40mg用量强度(根据纯游离碱测定)的Example 410, 25, and 40 mg dosage strength (measured according to pure free base)
SB-207266-A片剂SB-207266-A tablet
根据下表的组合物制备含10、25、和40mg(根据游离碱测定)的SB-207266盐酸盐(SB 207266-A)的片剂。Tablets containing 10, 25, and 40 mg (as determined by free base) of SB-207266 hydrochloride (SB 207266-A) were prepared according to the compositions in the table below.
*分别与10、25、40mg纯游离碱等量 * Equivalent to 10, 25, 40mg of pure free base
**制备过程中去除 ** Removed during preparation
将实施例4的SB-207266-A片剂装在带有防止儿童打开的感应密封塑料盖的高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)瓶中。The SB-207266-A tablets of Example 4 were packaged in high-density polyethylene (HDPE) bottles with child-resistant induction-seal plastic caps.
该制剂采用了湿制粒法,其中使用了不溶的主要赋形剂、磷酸氢钙二水合物(磷酸二钙)。磷酸氢钙二水合物与微晶纤维素是主要的稀释剂,其中微晶纤维素有助于分散制粒溶剂和整体压缩性。所加的粘结剂为羟丙基甲基纤维素,制粒是在常规的混合制粒机中进行。将颗粒混合物干燥、筛选并与用作崩解剂的淀粉乙醇酸钠和用作润滑剂的硬脂酸镁混合以形成压片混合物。在适合的旋转压片机上制片,该片剂可以是椭圆形或圆形。The formulation is wet granulated using an insoluble primary excipient, calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (dicalcium phosphate). Dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate and microcrystalline cellulose are the main diluents, with microcrystalline cellulose helping to disperse the granulation solvent and overall compressibility. The added binder is hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and the granulation is carried out in a conventional mixing granulator. The granule mixture is dried, sieved and blended with sodium starch glycolate as a disintegrant and magnesium stearate as a lubricant to form a tableting mixture. Tablets, which may be oval or round, are made on a suitable rotary tablet press.
实施例4-详细的生产过程、工序间控制、和装配加工程序Embodiment 4-detailed production process, inter-process control, and assembly processing procedure
将SB-207266-A、微晶纤维素、磷酸氢钙二水合物和羟丙基甲基纤维素混合在一起。在混合粉末中加入纯化水,同时在高剪切混合制粒机中混合。将该颗粒在流动床干燥器中干燥,然后移至混合器中,在该混合器中将它们与淀粉乙醇酸钠和硬脂酸镁混合。用旋转压片机将该润滑的混合物压成片芯。用Opadry White YS-1-7003的水分散系对该片芯进行涂膜。Mix together SB-207266-A, microcrystalline cellulose, dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate, and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. Purified water is added to the blended powder while mixing in a high shear mixer granulator. The granules are dried in a fluid bed drier and then transferred to a blender where they are blended with sodium starch glycolate and magnesium stearate. The lubricated blend is compressed into tablet cores using a rotary tablet press. The cores were film coated with an aqueous dispersion of Opadry White YS-1-7003.
步骤:step:
1.0制粒1.0 Granulation
1.1在适合的高剪切混合制粒机中将SB-207266、微晶纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素和磷酸氢钙二水合物混合。1.1 Combine SB-207266, microcrystalline cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate in a suitable high shear mixer granulator.
1.2加入纯化水以进行制粒。1.2 Add purified water for granulation.
1.3在流动床干燥器中干燥该颗粒。1.3 Dry the granules in a fluid bed dryer.
1.4使用适合的研磨机使干燥的颗粒通过一个不锈钢筛网进行筛选。1.4 Using a suitable grinder, pass the dried granules through a stainless steel screen.
1.5确定颗粒的产率。1.5 Determine the yield of pellets.
2.0压缩混合物的制造2.0 Manufacture of compressed mixtures
2.1将所需量的淀粉乙醇酸钠和硬脂酸镁与干燥颗粒混合。2.1 Mix the required amount of sodium starch glycolate and magnesium stearate with the dry granules.
2.2确定压缩混合物的产率。2.2 Determine the yield of the compressed mixture.
3.0压片3.0 tablet
3.1将压缩混合物移至适合的制片机中。3.1 Transfer the compression mixture to a suitable tablet machine.
3.2压片3.2 Tablets
3.3确定所压片的产率。3.3 Determine the yield of the compressed tablets.
4.0涂膜4.0 coating film
4.1将片芯移至适合的涂膜机中。4.1 Move the tablet core to a suitable film coater.
4.2旋转该片芯并喷在Opadry的水分散系上。4.2 Spin the core and spray on the Opadry's aqueous dispersion.
4.3从该批中随机取出出厂试验样品并适当标记。4.3 Randomly take factory test samples from the batch and mark them appropriately.
5.0装瓶5.0 Bottling
5.1用适当的自动化设备在HDPE瓶中装入合适量药片,该HDPE瓶为感应密封且带有防止儿童打开的盖。5.1 Fill the appropriate amount of tablets into HDPE bottles which are induction sealed and have child resistant caps using suitable automated equipment.
实施例5Example 5
在实施例4的一个改进中,可以将含20mg、50mg、75mg、80mg和100mg SB-207266(用作盐酸盐,但根据游离碱测定所给的剂量)的配方用于制片。这些配方保持(a)总的包衣片重为256.25mg,(b)总的包衣前片重为250mg和(c)在实施例4中的其它赋形剂的量,但根据SB 207266量的改变调整磷酸氢钙二水合物的量。这些片剂可以是圆的或椭圆的。In a modification of Example 4, formulations containing 20 mg, 50 mg, 75 mg, 80 mg, and 100 mg of SB-207266 (used as the hydrochloride, but given doses based on free base determination) can be used for tableting. These formulations maintain (a) a total coated tablet weight of 256.25 mg, (b) a total uncoated tablet weight of 250 mg and (c) the amounts of other excipients in Example 4, but amount according to SB 207266 The change adjusts the amount of dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate. These tablets can be round or oval.
Claims (92)
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| GB0019524A GB0019524D0 (en) | 2000-08-08 | 2000-08-08 | Novel use |
| GB0019524.8 | 2000-08-08 | ||
| GB0118919.0 | 2001-08-02 | ||
| GB0118919A GB0118919D0 (en) | 2001-08-02 | 2001-08-02 | Novel use |
| GB0119022A GB0119022D0 (en) | 2001-08-03 | 2001-08-03 | Novel use |
| GB0119022.2 | 2001-08-03 | ||
| GBPCT/GB01/03544 | 2001-08-07 | ||
| PCT/GB2001/003544 WO2002011766A2 (en) | 2000-08-07 | 2001-08-07 | Use of 5ht4 receptor antagonists in the manufacture of a medicament for the prophylaxis or treatment of atrial fibrillation |
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| CNA200510068902XA Division CN1679583A (en) | 2000-08-08 | 2001-08-08 | Pharmaceutical composition comprising condensed indole compound |
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| CN1268340C true CN1268340C (en) | 2006-08-09 |
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| CNB018158404A Expired - Fee Related CN1268340C (en) | 2000-08-08 | 2001-08-08 | Pharmaceutical composition containing fused indole compound |
| CNA200510068902XA Pending CN1679583A (en) | 2000-08-08 | 2001-08-08 | Pharmaceutical composition comprising condensed indole compound |
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| CNA200510068902XA Pending CN1679583A (en) | 2000-08-08 | 2001-08-08 | Pharmaceutical composition comprising condensed indole compound |
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| US (3) | US20030032640A1 (en) |
| EP (2) | EP1872785A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2008247915A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100896563B1 (en) |
| CN (2) | CN1268340C (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE374027T1 (en) |
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| CY (1) | CY1107836T1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MXPA03001207A (en) |
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| CN100413539C (en) * | 2000-08-07 | 2008-08-27 | 葛兰素史密斯克莱实验室公司 | Use of 5-HT 4 receptor antagonists for the treatment of electrophysiological atrial remodelling |
| AU2003202058B2 (en) * | 2002-02-14 | 2009-05-28 | Glaxo Group Limited | Pharmaceutical composition comprising N- ((1-N-butyl-4-piperidinyl) methyl)-3, 4-dihydro-2H- (1, 3) oxazino (3, 2-a) indole-10-carboxamide or salt and process therefor comprising dry granulation |
| GB0211230D0 (en) * | 2002-05-16 | 2002-06-26 | Medinnova Sf | Treatment of heart failure |
| EP2397161B1 (en) * | 2009-02-12 | 2019-09-25 | Fuji Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. | Disintegrating particle composition and rapidly disintegrating compression-molded material comprising same |
| TW201129386A (en) * | 2009-11-05 | 2011-09-01 | Fmc Corp | Microcrystalline cellulose and calcium phosphate compositions useful as pharmaceutical excipients |
| US10456389B2 (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2019-10-29 | Conaris Research Institute Ag | Extended release nicotinamide formulation |
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| US3134719A (en) * | 1962-04-05 | 1964-05-26 | American Cyanamid Co | Calcium phosphates in tablet compressing |
| US5066441A (en) * | 1980-12-12 | 1991-11-19 | Rhone-Poulenc Basic Chemicals Co. | Process for compacting a calcium phosphate composition |
| US4597969A (en) * | 1982-04-05 | 1986-07-01 | Merck Sharp & Dohme | Stabilization of unstable drugs or food supplements |
| DE3332830A1 (en) * | 1982-09-16 | 1984-03-22 | The Upjohn Co., 49001 Kalamazoo, Mich. | USE OF BENZODIAZEPINES TO COMBAT OR TREAT PANIC CONDITIONS |
| US4569852A (en) * | 1983-08-23 | 1986-02-11 | Warner-Lambert Company | Maintenance of flavor intensity in pressed tablets |
| US4713245A (en) * | 1984-06-04 | 1987-12-15 | Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Incorporated | Granule containing physiologically-active substance, method for preparing same and use thereof |
| EP0376331A3 (en) * | 1988-12-29 | 1991-03-13 | Asahi Kogaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Slow release drug delivery granules and process for production thereof |
| US5852014A (en) * | 1992-03-12 | 1998-12-22 | Smithkline Beecham P.L.C. | Condensed indole derivatives as 5HT4 -receptor antagonists |
| US5998409A (en) * | 1992-03-12 | 1999-12-07 | Smithkline Beecham Plc | Condensed indole derivatives as 5HT4 -receptor antagonists |
| ATE180785T1 (en) * | 1992-03-12 | 1999-06-15 | Smithkline Beecham Plc | CONDENSED INDOLE DERIVATIVES AS 5-HT4 RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS |
| DE4418837A1 (en) * | 1994-05-30 | 1995-12-07 | Bayer Ag | Thermal granulation process |
| FR2740357B1 (en) * | 1995-10-25 | 1997-11-28 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | WATER REDISPERSABLE GRANULES COMPRISING A LIQUID-ACTIVE MATERIAL AND A NON-IONIC ALCOXYL SURFACTANT |
| GB0001621D0 (en) * | 2000-01-26 | 2000-03-15 | Astrazeneca Ab | Pharmaceutical compositions |
| US6660298B1 (en) * | 2000-07-27 | 2003-12-09 | Pentech Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Paroxetine tablets and capsules |
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2001
- 2001-08-07 NZ NZ535261A patent/NZ535261A/en unknown
- 2001-08-08 EP EP07116828A patent/EP1872785A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-08-08 PT PT01954214T patent/PT1313481E/en unknown
- 2001-08-08 MX MXPA03001207A patent/MXPA03001207A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-08-08 BR BR0113169-9A patent/BR0113169A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-08-08 CN CNB018158404A patent/CN1268340C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-08-08 AT AT01954214T patent/ATE374027T1/en active
- 2001-08-08 CN CNA200510068902XA patent/CN1679583A/en active Pending
- 2001-08-08 EP EP07117093A patent/EP1867333A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-08-08 KR KR1020037001875A patent/KR100896563B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2002
- 2002-01-23 US US10/055,817 patent/US20030032640A1/en not_active Abandoned
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- 2005-08-09 US US11/203,573 patent/US20060057218A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| US20060057218A1 (en) | 2006-03-16 |
| CY1107836T1 (en) | 2013-06-19 |
| KR100896563B1 (en) | 2009-05-07 |
| NZ535261A (en) | 2004-12-24 |
| CN1458845A (en) | 2003-11-26 |
| EP1867333A1 (en) | 2007-12-19 |
| CN1679583A (en) | 2005-10-12 |
| JP2008247915A (en) | 2008-10-16 |
| KR20030023745A (en) | 2003-03-19 |
| PT1313481E (en) | 2008-01-02 |
| US20050148582A1 (en) | 2005-07-07 |
| ATE374027T1 (en) | 2007-10-15 |
| MXPA03001207A (en) | 2004-08-12 |
| EP1872785A1 (en) | 2008-01-02 |
| US20030032640A1 (en) | 2003-02-13 |
| HK1056998A1 (en) | 2004-03-12 |
| BR0113169A (en) | 2003-07-15 |
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