CN1266404A - Surveillance device for use in aircraft interiors, especially in passenger aeroplanes - Google Patents
Surveillance device for use in aircraft interiors, especially in passenger aeroplanes Download PDFInfo
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- CN1266404A CN1266404A CN98807738A CN98807738A CN1266404A CN 1266404 A CN1266404 A CN 1266404A CN 98807738 A CN98807738 A CN 98807738A CN 98807738 A CN98807738 A CN 98807738A CN 1266404 A CN1266404 A CN 1266404A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0002—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network
- A61B5/0004—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network characterised by the type of physiological signal transmitted
- A61B5/0013—Medical image data
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D11/00—Passenger or crew accommodation; Flight-deck installations not otherwise provided for
- B64D11/0015—Arrangements for entertainment or communications, e.g. radio, television
- B64D11/00155—Individual entertainment or communication system remote controls therefor, located in or connected to seat components, e.g. to seat back or arm rest
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D45/00—Aircraft indicators or protectors not otherwise provided for
- B64D45/0015—Devices specially adapted for the protection against criminal attack, e.g. anti-hijacking systems
- B64D45/0051—Devices specially adapted for the protection against criminal attack, e.g. anti-hijacking systems by monitoring passengers or crew on aircraft
- B64D45/0053—Devices specially adapted for the protection against criminal attack, e.g. anti-hijacking systems by monitoring passengers or crew on aircraft using visual equipment, e.g. cameras
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
- G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
- G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
- G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
- G08B13/19639—Details of the system layout
- G08B13/19645—Multiple cameras, each having view on one of a plurality of scenes, e.g. multiple cameras for multi-room surveillance or for tracking an object by view hand-over
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
- G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
- G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
- G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
- G08B13/19639—Details of the system layout
- G08B13/19647—Systems specially adapted for intrusion detection in or around a vehicle
- G08B13/1965—Systems specially adapted for intrusion detection in or around a vehicle the vehicle being an aircraft
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
- G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
- G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
- G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
- G08B13/19654—Details concerning communication with a camera
- G08B13/1966—Wireless systems, other than telephone systems, used to communicate with a camera
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
- G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
- G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
- G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
- G08B13/19665—Details related to the storage of video surveillance data
- G08B13/19669—Event triggers storage or change of storage policy
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- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- G16H40/00—ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices
- G16H40/60—ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the operation of medical equipment or devices
- G16H40/67—ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the operation of medical equipment or devices for remote operation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/18—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
- H04N7/181—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast for receiving images from a plurality of remote sources
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D45/00—Aircraft indicators or protectors not otherwise provided for
- B64D45/0015—Devices specially adapted for the protection against criminal attack, e.g. anti-hijacking systems
- B64D45/0059—Devices specially adapted for the protection against criminal attack, e.g. anti-hijacking systems by communicating emergency situations to ground control or between crew members
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
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- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Primary Health Care (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Alarm Systems (AREA)
- Closed-Circuit Television Systems (AREA)
- Control Of Turbines (AREA)
- Retarders (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
- Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
- Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本发明涉及用在飞机，尤其是客机内部的监视装置。机舱中的不期望的事件总是引起轰动的事情。包括人为或技术失灵引起的包括飞机坠落在内的飞行事故，但是也包括劫持飞机或在乘客舱或飞机驾驶舱内的其它危急情况。The present invention relates to surveillance devices for use inside aircraft, especially passenger aircraft. Unexpected events in the cabin are always sensational things. Includes aviation accidents including aircraft crashes caused by human or technical failure, but also includes hijacking of aircraft or other critical situations in the passenger compartment or cockpit of an aircraft.
总是作为问题提出的是，关于机舱中发生事情的信息终究仅通过多半是由驾驶员或副驾驶员发出的口头消息抵达地面人员，这些信息可被用于作出决定。而且如今在所有民用航空飞机中所安装的“黑匣子”也不能或者仅部分给出关于机舱中许多发生事件的消息，在黑匣子中记录了飞机技术数据及驾驶舱和前面机场指挥塔间的对话。What is always raised as a problem is that information about what is happening in the cabin ultimately reaches those on the ground only via verbal messages, presumably from the pilot or co-pilot, which can be used to make decisions. Moreover, the "black boxes" installed in all civil aviation aircraft today cannot or only partially give information about many events in the cabin. In the black boxes, aircraft technical data and dialogues between the cockpit and the airport control tower in front are recorded.
本发明的目的是提高在发生不期望的事件情况下飞机，尤其是客机的安全性。The object of the invention is to increase the safety of aircraft, especially passenger aircraft, in the event of an undesired event.
为此提出一种用于飞机，尤其是客机内部的监视装置，它具有Propose for this reason a kind of monitoring device that is used for aircraft, especially passenger plane interior, it has
-安装在机舱上的图象收集设备，- image collection equipment installed on the nacelle,
-一个机舱特有的通信单元，它具有用于图象收集设备的输入端以及一个存储单元，它优选地以压缩方式存储图像收集设备给出的图象数据，- a cabin-specific communication unit having an input for the image collection device and a storage unit which preferably stores the image data given by the image collection device in compressed form,
-一个与机舱特有的通信单元进行数据交换的固定通信单元，它具有与之连接的进行图象数据处理和显示的装置。- A fixed communication unit for data exchange with the nacelle-specific communication unit, which has connected thereto means for processing and displaying image data.
-发送和接收装置，它们至少从机舱特有的通信单元传输图象数据到固定通信单元并且从固定通信单元传输控制数据到机舱特有的通信单元。- Transmitting and receiving devices which transmit at least image data from the cabin-specific communication unit to the fixed communication unit and control data from the fixed communication unit to the cabin-specific communication unit.
这样设计的监视装置提供了在飞机中发生不期望的事件的情况下由地面上专业人员判断事件开始之前和发生期间内的图象资料的可能性。机上乘客的安全性提高了，而且有助于出现严重故障甚至灾祸时更好地回答对人为或技术失灵的询问。监视装置原则上适用于每种机型，因为在国际航空中飞机与相应的地面支持装置之间的通信途径广泛地被标准化。在飞机被劫持的情况下此监视装置有特殊的意义。在此情况下借助于地面上专业人员得到的图象数据采取应付措施，并且必要时在飞机着陆前作出相应的准备。A surveillance device designed in this way offers the possibility, in the event of an undesired event occurring in an aircraft, to evaluate the image data before and during the event by a professional on the ground. The safety of passengers on board is improved and it helps to better answer inquiries about human or technical failures in the event of serious failures or even disasters. Surveillance devices are in principle suitable for every aircraft type, since the communication paths between aircraft and corresponding ground support devices are widely standardized in international aviation. This monitoring device has special significance in the case of an aircraft being hijacked. In this case, countermeasures are taken with the aid of image data obtained by specialists on the ground, and corresponding preparations are made, if necessary, before the landing of the aircraft.
本发明监视装置的一种优选的设计是：固定通信单元具有产生用以控制机舱特有通信单元工作的控制数据的装置。这样可由前方机场指挥塔控制由机舱中通信单元来的数据，以调用所需之飞机内图象数据。这些数据然后由地面人员进行判断。机舱内通信单元也可借助于控制数据而被通知传输某些图象数据，例如某一个摄象机的图象。也可通过控制数据机舱中摄象机的某个功能，例如变焦功能或摇动摄像机轴。A preferred configuration of the monitoring device according to the invention is that the fixed communication unit has means for generating control data for controlling the operation of the nacelle-specific communication unit. In this way, the data from the communication unit in the cabin can be controlled by the front airport control tower to call the required image data in the aircraft. These data are then judged by ground personnel. The in-cabin communication unit can also be informed by means of control data to transmit certain image data, for example the image of a certain camera. It is also possible to control a certain function of the camera in the data cabin, such as the zoom function or the panning of the camera axis.
最好一台具有显示器的个人计算机连接到固定通信单元以实现对机舱特有通信单元的控制及图象数据处理和显示。Preferably a personal computer with a display is connected to the fixed communication unit for control and image data processing and display of the cabin-specific communication unit.
本发明另一个设计是：现有的机舱天线用于飞机的发送和接收装置。相应地，世界范围内使用的，即所有机场指挥塔上的地面站的地面或卫星支持的装置均可作为固定的发送和接收装置。Another configuration of the invention is that the existing nacelle antenna is used for the transmitting and receiving device of the aircraft. Accordingly, ground- or satellite-supported devices used worldwide, ie ground stations on all airport control towers, can be used as fixed transmitting and receiving devices.
当图象数据和用于机舱特有通信单元的控制数据与在飞机和指挥塔之间交换的飞行数据一起传输时，需要从共同的通信接续，通常为引导波束信息中分离出这些专用数据。为此本发明监视装置的一个设计是：固定通信单元具有从飞机和机场指挥塔间的一般通信接续中分离图象数据和必要时控制数据的装置。When image data and control data for cabin-specific communication units are transmitted together with flight data exchanged between the aircraft and the control tower, it is necessary to separate these specific data from the common communication link, usually the steering beam information. One configuration of the monitoring device according to the invention for this purpose is that the fixed communication unit has means for separating the image data and, if necessary, the control data from the general communication connection between the aircraft and the airport control tower.
为了在严重事故或者甚至坠落的情况下能够追溯图象数据，本发明还建议：存储单元具有一个与电源无关的数据安全性，例如它是一个硬磁盘或其它永久性存储介质，并且，包括存储单元在内的机舱特有通信单元放在一个密封防水且防撞击的封闭的外壳内。In order to be able to trace the image data in the case of a serious accident or even a fall, the invention also proposes that the storage unit has a power-independent data security, for example it is a hard disk or other permanent storage medium, and includes the storage unit The cabin-specific communication unit inside is housed in a watertight and impact-resistant closed enclosure.
本发明还建议在飞机内部至少设置一个报警按钮及一个在机舱特有通信单元中的控制，它通过按动报警按钮自动完成信号和优选图象数据至固定通信单元的传输。根据经验，在严重的情况下机舱中人员没有时间与前方地面站建立接续，以使地面站能调用所需之图象数据。因此这有很大的优点：如果只通过按动一个报警按钮就自动完成所需之信号和首先是图象数据至地面通信单元的传输。The invention also proposes to provide at least one alarm button inside the aircraft and a control in the cabin-specific communication unit, which automatically completes the transmission of signals and preferably image data to the fixed communication unit by pressing the alarm button. According to experience, in severe cases, the personnel in the cabin do not have time to establish a connection with the ground station in front, so that the ground station can call the required image data. This therefore has a great advantage: If only by pressing an alarm button, the transmission of the required signals and at first the image data to the ground communication unit is done automatically.
飞机被劫持是客机机舱中特别严重的情况。此时劫持者首先占据去驾驶舱的入口，并且在紧急时还使用暴力。客舱和驾驶舱之间的安全装置因此也失去了作用，因为根据经验机舱人员这时在武器威慑之下被强迫打开入口。按照本发明的另一设计，存在下述可能性：在内部设置至少一个连接于机舱特有通信单元上的编码输入装置，编码最好是一个数字码，机舱特有通信单元具有一个比较器，用以将输入的编码与一个存储的胁迫码进行比较，并且机舱特有通信单元具有一个在输入的编码与存储的胁迫码相一致时实施的控制，它自动完成信号及优选图象数据至固定通信单元的传输。机舱人员用两个不同的编码工作，一个正常码用于所有通常情况，在这些情况下受保护的驾驶舱被进入，另一个码是第三者不知道的胁迫码，在输入胁迫码时除完成打开功能外还实现不为第三者所察觉的信号和图象数据至固定通信单元的传输。Aircraft hijacking is a particularly serious situation in the cabin of an airliner. At this point the hijackers first occupy the entrance to the cockpit and use violence in an emergency. The safety device between the passenger cabin and the cockpit is thus also rendered useless, since experience shows that the cabin crew is now forced to open the entrance under threat of weapons. According to another design of the present invention, there is the following possibility: at least one code input device connected to the unique communication unit of the engine room is arranged inside, the encoding is preferably a digital code, and the unique communication unit of the engine room has a comparator for The incoming code is compared to a stored duress code, and the cabin specific communication unit has a control which is implemented when the incoming code matches the stored duress code, which automatically completes the transfer of the signal and preferably image data to the fixed communication unit transmission. The cabin crew works with two different codes, a normal code for all the usual situations in which the protected cockpit is accessed, and a duress code unknown to third parties, which is deleted when the duress code is entered. In addition to completing the opening function, it also realizes the transmission of signals and image data to the fixed communication unit that is not perceived by a third party.
为了使驾驶舱乘务人员也能查询各个图象数据，建议设置一个连接于机舱特有通信单元的显示器，用来有选择地显示图象收集设备所提供的图象数据。各个摄象机可分开被选择并显示其图象数据于显示器上。此外也可以时分复用方式将各个摄象机的图象一个接一个地显示在安装于驾驶舱内的显示器上。In order to enable the cockpit crew members to query various image data, it is suggested to set up a display connected to the unique communication unit of the cabin to selectively display the image data provided by the image collection equipment. Each camera can be selected separately and its image data displayed on the monitor. In addition, the images of the various cameras can also be displayed one by one on the monitor installed in the cockpit in a time-division multiplexed manner.
下面借助于附图所示本发明实施例进一步说明监视装置的优点和详情。附图示意性地示出用在客机内部的一个监视装置，其中使用了一个机舱特有的通信单元及一个固定通信单元。The advantages and details of the monitoring device are further explained below with the aid of embodiments of the invention shown in the drawings. The drawing schematically shows a monitoring device used inside a passenger aircraft, in which a cabin-specific communication unit and a fixed communication unit are used.
附图上半部分示出一个具有乘客舱和驾驶舱的客机的内部划分情况。乘客舱下面是货舱及储藏室。图象收集设备，优选摄像机，放置在乘客舱内不同的位置上。The upper part of the drawing shows the interior division of an airliner with a passenger cabin and a cockpit. Below the passenger compartment is the cargo hold and storage room. Image acquisition devices, preferably video cameras, are placed at various points in the passenger compartment.
图象收集设备K1，K2，K3和K4监视乘客舱的各个区域。为了实现在乘客舱中不引人注意的安置，图象收集设备K1，K2，K3和K4采用针鼻透镜(Nadeloehr-obiektiven)。Image acquisition devices K1, K2, K3 and K4 monitor various areas of the passenger compartment. In order to achieve an unobtrusive placement in the passenger compartment, the image capture devices K1 , K2 , K3 and K4 use needle-nose lenses.
图象收集设备K5覆盖驾驶舱及那里尤其是驾驶员和副驾驶员直接活动的范围。另一个图象收集设备K6被设置在飞机的货舱和储藏室中并用于监视那里发生的情况。The image acquisition device K5 covers the cockpit and, in particular, the area in which the driver and co-pilot are directly in motion. Another image acquisition device K6 is located in the cargo compartment and storage compartment of the aircraft and is used to monitor what is happening there.
图象收集设备K1至K6通过光缆连接到一个机舱特有的通信单元1。它位于飞机内的一个位置上，对于无职权的人员而言此位置是不可到达的。多个报警按钮T1至T3也通过光缆连接到机舱特有的通信单元1上。通过报警按钮T1至T3可自动完成通信单元1内部的过程。The image acquisition devices K1 to K6 are connected to a cabin-specific communication unit 1 via optical cables. It is located within the aircraft in a location that is inaccessible to non-authorized personnel. A plurality of alarm buttons T1 to T3 are also connected to the cabin-specific communication unit 1 by optical cables. The processes within the communication unit 1 can be automated via the alarm buttons T1 to T3.
在一个封闭的，密封防水和防撞击的外壳2中放置的通信单元1的组成部分是一个用于存储图象收集设备K1至K6提供的图象数据的存储单元3。为了在电源中断的情况下也能保存这些图象数据和可能还有的其它数据，如控制数据，存储单元3具有与电源无关的数据安全性，例如它是一个或多个硬磁盘。An integral part of the communication unit 1 housed in a closed, watertight and impact-resistant housing 2 is a memory unit 3 for storing the image data provided by the image acquisition devices K1 to K6. In order to save these image data and possibly other data, such as control data, also in the event of a power failure, the memory unit 3 has power-independent data security, eg it is one or more hard disks.
存储单元3的容量足以完全存储一次长时间飞行，例如一次国际连续飞行期内的全部图象数据。为了节省存储空间，采用具有大于1∶100的压缩率的图象数据压缩方法。The capacity of the storage unit 3 is enough to fully store a long flight, for example, all image data during an international continuous flight. In order to save storage space, an image data compression method with a compression ratio greater than 1:100 is used.
除了存储单元3之外，机舱特有的通信单元1还包含一个控制单元。它能够例如选择图象收集设备K1至K6的某一个，传输图象数据到安装在驾驶舱中驾驶员和副驾驶员可见范围内的一个显示器4，以及对各个图象收集设备K1及K6的功能施加影响，例如通过一个变焦镜头或摇动相关摄象机。尤其是如下面还要详细说明的那样，可由外界对机舱特有的通信单元1的功能施加影响。In addition to the memory unit 3, the cabin-specific communication unit 1 also contains a control unit. It can, for example, select one of the image collection devices K1 to K6, transmit the image data to a display 4 installed in the cockpit within the visible range of the driver and the co-pilot, and to each image collection device K1 and K6 Functions are influenced, for example, by a zoom lens or by panning the associated camera. In particular, as will be explained in more detail below, the function of the cabin-specific communication unit 1 can be influenced from the outside.
设置在驾驶舱内的显示器4与一个操作面板5相连接，通过它可以选择各个摄象机。在面板5上也可以选择一个电路，这时通信单元1轮流传输各个摄象机的图象数据到显示器上，从而驾驶舱人员可以不断地监视飞机内部的重要区位。设置在驾驶舱内的显示器4具有一个自动黑暗电路。在规定的报警情况下显示器4自动关闭，以便如不作为监视设备而落入劫持者手中。The display 4 arranged in the cockpit is connected to an operating panel 5 via which the individual cameras can be selected. Also can select a circuit on panel 5, at this moment communication unit 1 transmits the image data of each camera in turn on the display, thereby cockpit personnel can constantly monitor the important area inside the aircraft. The display 4 arranged in the cockpit has an automatic darkening circuit. Display 4 shuts off automatically under the alarm situation of regulation, so that fall into hijacker's hands as not as monitoring equipment.
安装在驾驶舱中的图象收集设备K5如此装配其镜头，使得可以记录驾驶员和/或副驾驶员的所有动作。此外对设置在驾驶员前面的机舱仪表的指示进行记录。为了足够清楚地显示仪表的刻度，图象收集设备K5是一个高分辨率的摄象机，其图象信号通过光缆抵达机舱特有的通信单元1。The image acquisition device K5 installed in the cockpit is equipped with its lens in such a way that all actions of the driver and/or co-pilot can be recorded. In addition, the indications of the cabin instruments arranged in front of the driver are recorded. In order to display the instrument scale clearly enough, the image acquisition device K5 is a high-resolution video camera, the image signal of which reaches the cabin-specific communication unit 1 via an optical cable.
图象收集设备K5也可如此被控制，使得摄象机视线在无穷远位置上对准驾驶窗。这样有可能在失去驾驶员和副驾驶员时基于如此获得的图象数据遥控着陆。The image acquisition device K5 can also be controlled in such a way that the camera line of sight is aimed at the driver's window at infinity. This makes it possible to land remotely on the basis of the image data thus obtained in the event of loss of the pilot and co-pilot.
机舱特有的通信单元1与固定的通信单元6进行数据交换，它被设置和安装在每个大型国际机场的导航中心。The cabin-specific communication unit 1 exchanges data with the fixed communication unit 6, which is set and installed at the navigation center of each large international airport.
机舱特有的通信单元1和相应前方固定的通信单元6之间的无线信号接续通过机上和地面的现有发送和接收装置实现。它们是飞机的机舱天线7及用于常规的无线引导波束信息的，连接于前方地面站8，大多数是一个机场指挥塔上的地面天线9。如果在常规通信接续上必须分离出通信单元1，6之间交换的数据和信号，在通信单元1，6中分别安装一个相应的软件。The wireless signal connection between the cabin-specific communication unit 1 and the corresponding front fixed communication unit 6 is realized by existing sending and receiving devices on board and on the ground. They are the cabin antenna 7 of the aircraft and are used for conventional wireless guiding beam information, and are connected to the ground station 8 ahead, most of which are ground antennas 9 on an airport control tower. If the data and signals exchanged between the communication units 1, 6 have to be separated out on the normal communication connection, a corresponding software is installed in each of the communication units 1, 6.
在机舱特有的通信单元与固定的通信单元之间交换的数据在固定的通信单元6中继续处理，接收数据的处理可在一台个人计算机10中进行，其上可连接有一个显示器11，一个调制解调器12，一台传真机13或者还有其它的外设。显示器11上的视频图象除给出图象本身之外还给出其它信息：相应图象收集设备的编号K1至K6，飞机的识别号，经度和纬度飞行座标，飞机的速度，其在地面上的航线以及飞行高度。The data exchanged between the cabin-specific communication unit and the fixed communication unit continue to be processed in the fixed communication unit 6, and the processing of the received data can be carried out in a personal computer 10, which can be connected to a display 11, a Modem 12, a fax machine 13 or also other peripherals. The video image on the display 11 also gives other information besides the image itself: the serial number K1 to K6 of the corresponding image collection device, the identification number of the aircraft, the flight coordinates of longitude and latitude, the speed of the aircraft, its The course on the ground and the flight altitude.
通过连接个人计算机10与固定的通信单元6可以传输存储单元3的全部图象数据或者实时地传输图象收集设备K1至K6实时提供的图象数据到地面，并且借助于个人计算机10对数据进行处理，显示和打印。通过借助于进行数据和信号交换的固定通信单元实现的对机舱特有的通信单元1的控制，机舱特有的通信单元1中的控制过程可以从个人计算机10发出。为此实现从固定的通信单元到机舱特有的通信单元的控制数据交换。因而例如对一个图象收集设备K1至K6已经存储的全部图象数据可以被调用，以供以后在个人计算机10中存储和调用它。由于图象数据被压缩，这可以较高的传输速度完成。此外，实时图象信号可以从任意一个图象收集设备K1至K6被调用并显示于显示器11上。这提供了重要的可能性：从外界，也就是从前方机场指挥塔“看进”飞机中，并且借助于已经存储在存储器3中的图象数据或实时的图象数据作出实时的反应。Can transmit the whole image data of storage unit 3 by connecting personal computer 10 with fixed communication unit 6 or transmit the image data that image collection equipment K1 to K6 provides in real time to the ground in real time, and by means of personal computer 10 data is processed processing, display and printing. Control processes in the nacelle-specific communication unit 1 can be issued from the personal computer 10 by controlling the nacelle-specific communication unit 1 by means of a fixed communication unit for data and signal exchange. For this purpose, control data are exchanged from the fixed communication unit to the nacelle-specific communication unit. Thus, for example, all image data already stored for an image acquisition device K1 to K6 can be retrieved for later storage and retrieval in the personal computer 10 . This can be done at higher transfer speeds since the image data is compressed. In addition, real-time image signals can be called from any one of the image collection devices K1 to K6 and displayed on the display 11. This offers the important possibility of "seeing" into the aircraft from the outside, that is, from the front airfield control tower, and reacting in real time with the aid of image data already stored in the memory 3 or real-time image data.
上述可能性当然并不是总有需要的，而是仅仅在所谓危急情况下才有需要。图象数据至机场指挥塔的传送可在规定的情况下自行完成，由规定的技术事件，例如飞机的特别强烈的震动或者座舱中强的压力下降，来起动传送过程。传送过程的起动也可由机舱人员借助于报警按钮T1至T3来触发。The aforementioned possibilities are of course not always required, but only in so-called critical situations. The transmission of the image data to the airport control tower can be carried out automatically under defined circumstances, the transmission process being initiated by a defined technical event, for example a particularly strong vibration of the aircraft or a strong pressure drop in the cockpit. The start of the transfer process can also be triggered by the cabin crew by means of the alarm buttons T1 to T3.
自行传输的数据的种类和容量依赖于触发事件的性质。在极端情况，即飞机迫近坠落时，机舱特有的通信单元1在最短的时间内传输尽可能多的图象数据到固定的通信单元6。这时特别有意义的是尽可能压缩已经存储在存储单元3中的图象数据，以实现从机舱特有的通信单元至固定的通信单元的最短传输时间。监视装置也可被用作医疗数据信箱，用来从机舱至地面传输医疗数据。在机舱上医疗紧急情况下在发生情况的位置上可使用另一个可移动的图象收集设备K7以及一个同样可移动的显示器。利用机舱特有的通信单元1与固定的通信单元6之间的数据交换可以这种方式与地面站一起召开一个电视会议，这样地面站的急诊医生可以见到机舱中的情况并且提出医疗措施。The type and volume of data that is self-transmitted depends on the nature of the triggering event. In the extreme case, ie when the aircraft is about to fall, the cabin-specific communication unit 1 transmits as much image data as possible to the fixed communication unit 6 in the shortest possible time. It is of particular interest here to compress the image data already stored in the storage unit 3 as much as possible in order to achieve the shortest transfer times from the cabin-specific communication unit to the fixed communication unit. Surveillance devices can also be used as medical data mailboxes to transmit medical data from the cabin to the ground. In the event of a medical emergency on board the aircraft, a further movable image capture device K7 and a likewise movable display can be used at the location of the occurrence. Using the data exchange between the aircraft-specific communication unit 1 and the fixed communication unit 6, a videoconference can be held with the ground station in this way, so that the emergency doctor at the ground station can see the situation in the aircraft cabin and propose medical measures.
此外在教练机中使用监视装置是可能的。这时利用驾驶舱中的摄象机K5，借助于监视装置将实时图象数据传送到地面站，在地面站飞行教练可认出这些图象数据并且给其在机舱中的飞行学员相应的指示或教导。In addition, it is possible to use surveillance devices in the trainer. At this time, the camera K5 in the cockpit is used to transmit real-time image data to the ground station by means of the monitoring device, and the flight instructor at the ground station can recognize these image data and give corresponding instructions to the pilot students in the cabin. or teach.
相关符号1机舱特有的通信单元 2外壳3存储单元 4显示器5操作面板 6固定的通信单元7飞机 8地面站(机场指挥塔)9地面天线 10个人计算机11显示器 12调制解调器13传真机K1-K6摄象机(图象收集设备)T1-T3报警按钮Related Symbol 1 Card Correction Unique Communication Unit 2 Shell 3 Storage Unit 4 Display Panel 6 Fixed Communication Unit 7 Aircraft 8 ground station (Airport Command Tower) 9 ground antennas 10 people 11 monitor 12 modem 13 Fax K1-K6 camera camera Imager (image collection equipment) T1-T3 alarm button
Claims (12)
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| DE19732806.7 | 1997-07-30 | ||
| DE19732806A DE19732806A1 (en) | 1997-07-30 | 1997-07-30 | Monitoring device for the interior of aircraft, in particular passenger aircraft |
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| CN1266404A true CN1266404A (en) | 2000-09-13 |
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| CN98807738A Pending CN1266404A (en) | 1997-07-30 | 1998-07-18 | Surveillance device for use in aircraft interiors, especially in passenger aeroplanes |
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| JP (1) | JP2001512078A (en) |
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| CN109229406A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-01-18 | 成都戎创航空科技有限公司 | Aircraft high-frequency communication warning system |
| CN110278023A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-09-24 | 航科院（北京）科技发展有限公司 | A kind of application system and method based on vacant lot broadband connections |
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- 1998-07-18 JP JP2000505053A patent/JP2001512078A/en active Pending
- 1998-07-18 DE DE59804067T patent/DE59804067D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-07-18 AT AT98941359T patent/ATE217272T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-07-18 CN CN98807738A patent/CN1266404A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003047973A1 (en) * | 2001-09-17 | 2003-06-12 | Dawei Lu | Isolating security cockpit for the airplane |
| CN100429678C (en) * | 2002-03-11 | 2008-10-29 | 乔瓦尼·贝内通 | Device for monitoring persons, in particular aircraft passengers, in a predetermined area |
| CN100423032C (en) * | 2002-09-24 | 2008-10-01 | L-3通讯股份有限公司 | Monitoring system for aircraft interior |
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| CN109229406A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-01-18 | 成都戎创航空科技有限公司 | Aircraft high-frequency communication warning system |
| CN111746808A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2020-10-09 | 空中客车运营有限公司 | Condition recognition device, aircraft cabin and method for monitoring aircraft cabin |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE217272T1 (en) | 2002-05-15 |
| DE19881066D2 (en) | 2000-10-12 |
| DE19732806A1 (en) | 1999-02-04 |
| EP0999978B1 (en) | 2002-05-08 |
| CA2298793A1 (en) | 1999-02-11 |
| WO1999006275A1 (en) | 1999-02-11 |
| EP0999978A1 (en) | 2000-05-17 |
| AU8976998A (en) | 1999-02-22 |
| JP2001512078A (en) | 2001-08-21 |
| DE59804067D1 (en) | 2002-06-13 |
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