CN1263139A - Wet extraction method of flax glue from flax seed - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for wet extraction of linseed gum from linseed. The method is firstly to crush the linseed, separate the husk and the kernel, leaching the husk and skin twice with warm water after sieving the leaching mixture. After filtering, drying the filtrate is the product flax glue; or leaching once with warm water, then leaching once with a mixture of hydrochloric acid and 18-decenyl acid, and drying the leaching solution, which is the product; or leaching with sanitary alcohol Take it twice, filter the leaching mixture, and distill the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain the product. The method of the invention has the advantages of simple process, easy operation, high product extraction rate, high purity, non-toxicity and the like.

Description

A method for wet extraction of linseed gum from linseed

The invention relates to a method for wet extraction of flax gum from flax (commonly known as flax) seeds, which belongs to the technical field of chemical technology.

Flaxseed mucilage (English name: Flaxseed mucilage; Latin name: Linseed mucilage) is a natural (green) vegetable glue widely used in biology, food, pharmaceutical and other industries. Chinese patent CN1072184A discloses a method of leaching linseed directly with water (50° C. to 95° C.) and adding sulfurous acid and citric acid as leaching aids to extract the colloid. The shortcoming of above-mentioned method is, one, after the linseed is leached to extract gum, also will be leached linseed to dry again, go to oil again, this re-drying process must consume a large amount of energy again, this is in industrialized production and economically are all undesirable; two, the above-mentioned methods are all laboratory experiments, and industrialized production has not yet been carried out. From the perspective of its process, it is difficult to automate production, and it is mostly operated by a stand-alone or manual operation; three, its drying method may make the glue denature; four, Lack of comprehensive utilization considerations, but only consider gel extraction; five, the added sulfurous acid leaching aid is unfavorable to edible products, especially as "green" food, because undue sulfites are brought in.

The purpose of the present invention is to study a method for wet extraction of linseed gum from linseed husks, comprehensive utilization of linseed, linseed oil can be used to extract linolenic acid, residual oil can be transformed into industrial lubricating oil, and nut cake can be used for The mixed feed makes the linseed more widely used and increases the added value of the linseed.

The method for the wet extraction of flax glue designed by the present invention comprises the following steps:

(1) Separating the linseed from the husks and kernels to obtain the linseed husks;

(2) Extract linseed gum from linseed husks, the extraction method is: leaching linseed husks with warm water at 30-50°C for 0.5-2 hours, press-filtering the leached material, and using 50 Leak in warm water at ~85°C for 0.5-1 hour, filter the extract, and dry the filtrate obtained by the above-mentioned pressure filtration and filtration at 40-60°C for 2-5 hours to obtain the product flax glue;

Or use warm water at 30-50°C to extract linseed shells for 0.5-2 hours, press-filter the extract, and leaching the filtered residue with hydrochloric acid and 1M18 carbenic acid at a concentration of 0.1 for 0.5-1 hour to make it The pH value is 2.5 to 4, the extract is filtered, and the filtrate obtained by the above-mentioned pressure filtration and filtration is dried to obtain the product flax glue;

Or use the volume ratio of linseed husk and alcohol as 1:1-3, the concentration is 80% hygienic alcohol, leaching linseed husk at 15-25 ℃ for 2-4 hours, filtering the extract, and filtering out The slag is then leached for 1 to 2 hours at 20 to 45°C with a volume ratio of 1:1 to 3 and a concentration of 80% sanitation alcohol, and the leachate is filtered. Carry out vacuum distillation under atmospheric pressure to remove the alcohol contained therein, and the remaining powder is the product flax gum.

The separation of the linseed husks and nuts in the above process can be done by any one of rotary mill, conical mill or flat sand table airflow mill, the rotating speed of the mill is 50-180 rpm, and the air velocity is 30-90 liters /point.

The above three different leaching methods are determined according to the requirements of the desired product, that is, if the low-protein glue is prepared, it is leached with warm water; To prepare the mixed glue, use alcohol leaching.

The available drying methods for the above-mentioned drying process can be industrialized methods such as normal temperature spray drying, vacuum distillation and infrared drying.

Using the method for extracting flax gum researched by the present invention, the extraction rate of flax gum can be as high as 82-95%, which increases the economic added value of flaxseed application by 10-20 times, and the extracted flax gum is non-toxic, high in purity, and can be widely used It is used in the fields of biology, food, medicine, etc., so the method of the present invention has obvious industrial productivity and economic benefits.

Introduce the embodiment of the present invention below:

Example 1:

Take flax seeds as raw materials, select and screen flax seeds with a diameter of 0.8 mm or more, crush them with a rotary mill, and separate the shells and nuts with airflow. The rotational speed of the rotary mill is 100 rpm, and the airflow speed is 45 l/min. Extract oil from the separated kernels. Sieve the obtained shells, take the shells between 20 and 100 mesh, soak them in warm water at 40°C for 1 hour, press filter the extracts, and soak the filtered residue in warm water at 60°C for 0.5 hours , filter the extract, and dry the above secondary filtrate at 50° C. for 3 hours to obtain the powdered product flax gum, the extraction rate of flax gum is 90%.

Example 2:

Take flax seeds as raw material, select and screen flax seeds with a diameter of 0.8mm or more, crush them with a flat sand table airflow mill, and separate the shell and nuts with an airflow. The rotational speed of the rotary mill is 150 rpm, and the airflow The speed is 60 l/min. Extract oil from the separated kernels. Sieve the obtained shells, take shells between 20 and 100 mesh, soak them in warm water at 50°C for 1 hour, press filter the extract, and soak the filtered residue in warm water at 60°C for 1 hour , the above-mentioned secondary filtrate was dried at 40°C for 5 hours to obtain the powdered product flax gum, and the extraction rate of flax gum was 90%.

Example 3:

Take linseed as raw material, select, sieve out the linseed with a diameter of less than 0.8mm, crush it with a rotary mill, and then extract the linseed oil in the cold method, crush the pressed cake, and soak it in warm water at 40°C For 1 hour, press filter the extract, and leaching the filtered residue with hydrochloric acid and 1M18 olefinic acid with a concentration of 0.1 for 1 hour to make the pH value 3, filter the extract, and filter the above secondary filtrate Dry it by vacuum distillation to obtain the powdered product flax gum, the extraction rate of flax gum is 93%.

Example 4:

Take flax seeds as raw material, select, screen out flaxseeds with a diameter of 0.8mm or more, pulverize them with a rotary mill, and separate the shells and nuts with an airflow. The rotational speed of the rotary mill is 100 rpm, and the airflow speed is 45 l/min. Extract oil from the separated kernels. Sieve the obtained shells, take shells between 20 and 100 meshes, soak them in warm water at 40°C for 1 hour, filter the extracts, and filter the filtered residue with hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 0.1 and 1M18 Carbenic acid was leached for 1 hour to make the pH value 3, and the leached material was filtered, and the above-mentioned secondary filtrate was dried by spray drying method, and dried for 3 hours at 50 ° C to obtain the powdered product flax gum. The extraction rate of flax gum is 90%.

Example 5:

Take flax seeds as raw material, select and screen flax seeds with a diameter of 0.8mm or more, crush them with a bevel tooth mill, and use airflow to separate the shell from the nut. The speed is 45 l/min. Extract oil from the separated kernels. Sieve the obtained husks, take the husks between 20 and 100 meshes, and use ethanol to extract the linseed husks with the volume ratio of the husks and ethanol at a ratio of 1:1. The temperature is 15° C., and the leaching time is After 3 hours, filter the extract, then extract the filter residue with 1:2 ethanol at a temperature of 25°C for 1.5 hours, and finally carry out vacuum distillation at 0.5 atmospheric pressure to remove the ethanol and obtain the powder The flax gum is a product with the extraction rate of 85%.

Embodiment 6:

Take flax seeds as raw materials, select and screen flax seeds with a diameter of 0.8 mm or more, crush them with a rotary mill, and separate the shells and nuts with airflow. The rotational speed of the rotary mill is 100 rpm, and the airflow speed is 45 l/min. Extract oil from the separated kernels. The obtained shells are screened, and the shells between 20 and 100 meshes are taken, and the linseed shells are extracted with propanol, the ratio is propanol: linseed shells=2: 1, and the concentration of propanol is 80%. The leaching temperature is 40°C, leaching for 1 hour, filtering the leaching material, and leaching the filter residue with 2:1 propanol at a temperature of 40°C, leaching for 0.5 hours, and finally distilling under reduced pressure at 0.5 atmospheres , to obtain the powdered product flax glue, the extraction rate of flax glue is 90%.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of from Semen Lini wet method extract the method for flax glue, it is characterized in that this method comprises following each step:

(1) Semen Lini is carried out sub-shell and separate, to obtain the Semen Lini shell with kernel;

(2) from the Semen Lini shell, extract flax glue, the method of extracting is: leached the Semen Lini shells 0.5～2 hour with 30～50 ℃ warm water, to the press filtration of leaching thing, with the slag that leaches, again with 50～85 ℃ warm water leaching 0.5～1 hour, the leaching thing is filtered, with above-mentioned press filtration and filter resulting filtrate 40～60 ℃ dry 2～5 hours down, promptly get the product flax glue;

Or with 30～50 ℃ warm water leaching Semen Lini shell 0.5～2 hour, to the press filtration of leaching thing, with the slag concentration that leaches is 0.1 hydrochloric acid and the leaching of 1M18 carbon enoic acid 0.5～1 hour, making its pH value is 2.5～4, the leaching thing is filtered, filtrate oven dry with above-mentioned press filtration and filtration gained promptly gets the product flax glue;

Or with the Semen Lini shell with alcohol volume ratio be 1: 1～3, concentration is 80% health alcohol, leached the Semen Lini shell 2～4 hours down at 15～25 ℃, the leaching thing is filtered, with the slag that leaches again with volume ratio be 1: 1～3, concentration is 80% health alcohol, 20～45 ℃ of leachings 1～2 hour down, the leaching thing is filtered, above-mentioned secondary filtration liquid is carried out underpressure distillation under 0.5 normal atmosphere, remove wherein contained alcohol, remaining meal is the product flax glue.

2, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, wherein Semen Lini is pulverized and used any in rotation mill, conoidal mill or the dull and stereotyped sand table airflow milling, and the rotating speed of mill is 50～180 rev/mins, and gas velocity is 30～90 liters/minute.