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CN1255384A - 扩张器 - Google Patents

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CN1255384A
CN1255384A CN99125884A CN99125884A CN1255384A CN 1255384 A CN1255384 A CN 1255384A CN 99125884 A CN99125884 A CN 99125884A CN 99125884 A CN99125884 A CN 99125884A CN 1255384 A CN1255384 A CN 1255384A
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dilator
support
throw
fragment
throwing
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J·里克特
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MEINOL Ltd
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MEINOL Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/04—Hollow or tubular parts of organs, e.g. bladders, tracheae, bronchi or bile ducts
    • A61F2/06—Blood vessels
    • A61F2/07—Stent-grafts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2002/826—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents more than one stent being applied sequentially
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2002/828—Means for connecting a plurality of stents allowing flexibility of the whole structure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • A61F2002/91533—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other characterised by the phase between adjacent bands
    • A61F2002/91541—Adjacent bands are arranged out of phase
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • A61F2002/9155—Adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • A61F2002/91558—Adjacent bands being connected to each other connected peak to peak
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2250/0058—Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2250/0071—Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for breakable or frangible

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  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)

Abstract

一种扩张器备有特殊的“指定脱开”点或区域,使得扩张器布置完后,作用在扩张器上的应力将使其在这些点或区域脱开。当完全围绕扩张器的圆周发生脱开时,扩张器分成扩张器片段,每个片段能相互独立地与脉管一起移动。指定脱开区域的构件可具有足够小的横截面面积,使得植入后在应力作用下构件将脱开。或者该构件可由足够脆弱的材料制造,在应力作用下构件将脱开。扩张器在指定脱开区域具有的构件数量可比扩张器片段中的少。

Description

扩张器
本发明整体涉及扩张器(stent)，该扩张器是植入在体内脉管如血管中的内修补物，用于支撑脉管并使其保持畅通，或用于固定和支撑脉管内的其它内修补物。
在该技术领域各种扩张器是已知的。通常内修补物整体为管状，并可从较小的未膨胀直径膨胀到较大的膨胀后直径。为了植入，扩张器通常安装在导管的一端，其中扩张器以其较小的未膨胀直径固定在导管上。通过导管，未膨胀扩张器穿过内腔伸到要植入的地点。当扩张器处于要植入的地点时就进行膨胀，通常或者通过内力，例如通过给扩张器内的气球充气，或者通过允许扩张器进行自膨胀，例如通过去掉包围自膨胀扩张器的套管，来允许扩张器向外膨胀。在每种情况下，膨胀后的扩张器抵抗脉管变窄的趋势，从而保持脉管不闭合。
某些涉及扩张器的专利包括授权Palmaz的美国专利No.4,733,665；授权Gianturco的美国专利No.4,800,882和5,282,824；授权Hillstead的美国专利No.4,856,516和5,116,365；授权Wiktor的美国专利No.4,886,062和4,969,458；授权Pinchuk的美国专利No.5,019,090；授权Palmaz和Schatz的美国专利No.5,102,417；授权Wolff的美国专利No.5,104,404；授权Tower的美国专利No.5,161,547；授权Cardon等人的美国专利No.5,383,892；授权Pinchasik等人的美国专利No.5,449,373；授权Israel等人的美国专利No.5,733,303。
先前扩张器设计的一个目的是保证膨胀后具有足够的径向强度，以使其能够足够地支撑内腔。然而，具有高径向强度的扩张器倾向于还具有比其植入的脉管高的纵向刚度。当扩张器具有比其植入的脉管高的纵向刚度时，由于带扩张器和不带扩张器的脉管部分间柔曲性不匹配而造成的应力集中，在扩张器端部发生的对脉管的损伤就会增加。
本发明的一个目的是提供一种扩张器，即使做得非常长，该扩张器也能够更紧密地匹配其植入脉管的柔曲性，并且径向强度损失较小或没有径向强度损失。
根据本发明的一个实施例，扩张器备有特殊的“指定脱开”点，使得当布置完扩张器后并且在脉管的运动过程中，作用在扩张器上的应力将使扩张器在这些指定脱开点断开。当完全围绕扩张器的圆周布置指定脱开点时，就产生了一个圆周“指定脱开”区域，在指定脱开点脱开使扩张器分成两个或多个单独的扩张器片段，每个片段能够独立于其它扩张器片段与脉管一直运动。由于每个扩张器片段能够独立于其它扩张器片段与脉管一直运动，与较长的整体扩张器相比，一系列扩张器片段就获得了带扩张器和不带扩张器脉管部分间的较大柔曲性，从而减少了作用在脉管壁上的应力。
扩张器最好设计为在脱开后，通过脱开产生的扩张器片段端部较平滑，这样它们就不会损伤脉管壁。而且，扩张器的形状最好做成脱开后单独的扩张器片段具有足够的径向强度，使得脱开导致的扩张器对压缩的抵抗力下降较小或没有明显的下降。
扩张器可以设计为仅在植入一段时间后才发生脱开，这样脱开时扩张器将已经被埋在新内膜下面了。这样，脱开后剩余的扩张器片段将被新内膜固定在位置上并且不会相对内腔移动，即，它们不会相互“套进”(telescope)，它们也不会相互远离从而产生无支撑的间隙。
可利用许多原理实现脱开。例如，扩张器在沿其长度的某些点或区域可备有横截面面积足够低的构件，这样植入后在作用在扩张器上的应力作用下扩张器将优先脱开。作为另外一种选择或作为附加，扩张器在沿其长度的某些点或区域可备有用比扩张器其它部分足够脆弱的材料制造的构件，这样植入后在作用在扩张器上的应力作用下扩张器将优先脱开。作为另外一种选择或作为附加，扩张器可设计为在指定脱开区域具有较少数量的构件或支撑，这样每个这种构件就要承受比扩张器其它部分构件多的载荷。这些构件的形状做成当植入后扩张器承受重复应力时在其承受的增加的应力作用下分开。
有助于脱开的因素可以单独使用或组合使用。例如，指定脱开支撑可具有低的横截面面积并且还可以由较脆弱的材料构成，或者指定脱开区域可具有数量减少的构件，构件具不具有低横截面面积和/或用不用较脆弱材料构成都行。
图1所示为一扩张器的示意图，该扩张器为整体圆柱形，在扩张器片段之间具有指定脱开区域；
图2所示为脱开后的图1扩张器的示意图，其中扩张器分成一系列较短的扩张器片段；
图3所示为扩张器样式的平铺图，其中指定脱开区域中的构件的横截面面积足够低，这样植入后在作用在扩张器上的应力的作用下扩张器片段将会脱开；
图4所示为在指定脱开区域发生脱开后的图3扩张器样式的平铺图；
图5所示为一扩张器样式的平铺图，其中扩张器在指定脱开区域具有较少数量的构件，使得每个这种构件承受增加的载荷并且在这种增加的载荷的作用下分开。
图1所示为整体为圆柱形的扩张器1的示意图。扩张器1包括一系列由指定脱开区域3分开的扩张器片段2。指定脱开区域3包括一个或多个指定脱开构件或支撑(见图3至5)。
指定脱开区域3设计为，植入后在作用在扩张器1上的重复应力作用下指定脱开构件或支撑分开。当特定指定脱开区域3中围绕扩张器圆周的全部指定脱开支撑分开时，扩张器本身就分成一系列独立的扩张器片段2，如图2中所示。指定脱开区域3可设计为植入后经过一段时间才发生脱开，这样脱开时扩张器片段2将已经被埋入到新内膜下面，从而不会相对内腔移动。
该技术领域的普通技术人员将会注意到，扩张器片段2的基本几何形状可以是任何合适的形状，并且扩张器片段2可由任何合适的材料构成。扩张器片段2的合适结构实例包括在授权Israel等人的美国专利No.5,733,303中所示的结构，该专利的公开内容特意结合在本申请中作为参考。
图3所示为一包括由指定脱开区域3分开的扩张器片段2的扩张器样式的平铺图。在完成的扩张器中，该实施例中的每个扩张器片段2的构造大体与在美国专利No.5,733,303中公开的构造相应。扩张器片段2通过指定脱开区域3的指定脱开构件或支撑4相互连接。
在该实施例中，每个指定脱开支撑4具有减少的横截面面积，其足够低以允许植入后指定脱开支撑4在作用在扩张器上的应力的作用下分开。与，例如，扩张器片段2中的用参考号码5标记的构件相比，脱开支撑4横截面的减少量可以是，例如，约百分之几十。例如，脱开支撑4可以比构件5细或窄25％到75％。
作为附加或作为另外一种选择，这些指定脱开支撑4可由较脆弱的材料制造，以保证适当的分开。较脆弱的材料可或者提供在用于构成指定脱开支撑4的备料中，或者在制造出扩张器后处理指定脱开支撑4(或指定脱开区域3)，使得该处理使指定脱开支撑4的材料变弱。
提供带有较脆弱材料的指定脱开支撑的一个实例是，用NiTi构成整个扩张器，然后把指定脱开支撑处理为马氏体，而其余的构件为奥氏体。例如在由不锈钢(SST)制造的扩张器中，另一个实例是使指定脱开区域的构件韧化并且使扩张器片段的构件强化。
除减少横截面外，可选择指定脱开支撑的剩余的几何形状来实现希望的结果。如图3中所示，一排指定脱开支撑4的宽度A可以比扩张器片段2中相应的一排构件的宽度窄，后者例如用参考号码5标记的一排构件的宽度B。在指定脱开区域3的宽度减少帮助保证在纵向重复弯曲的作用下在指定脱开区域3脱开。而且，指定脱开支撑4可做得足够短以减少公开后的自由端的长度，这样分开后就不会留下长的悬空的端部。例如，指定脱开支撑4的长度比构件5的长度短。
图4所示为在指定脱开区域3脱开后的图3扩张器样式的平铺图。如图4中所示，脱开后扩张器包括一系列分开的并且独立的扩张器片段2。仍如图4中所示，由于指定脱开支撑4短，所以分开后自由端6的长度保持最小。
图5所示为一种替代设计，其中在指定脱开区域3，环绕扩张器圆周扩张器备有较少数量的构件7。在图5所示的实施例中，环绕扩张器圆周每个指定脱开区域3具有五个指定脱开支撑7。比较起来，在扩张器片段2内一段这种构件中，扩张器具有九个标记为构件5的构件。当然，在不偏离本发明一般概念的情况下，可以使用不同数量的指定脱开支撑和扩张的片段构件。
指定脱开支撑7的形状为，在它们承受的由植入后作用在扩张器上的应力造成的载荷作用下脱开。如图5中所示，指定脱开支撑7还可具有减少的横截面面积。而且，对于其它实施例中的指定脱开支撑，指定脱开支撑7还可另外由较脆弱的材料构成，或可在生产出扩张器后对指定脱开支撑7或区域3进行处理以使材料变得更脆弱。
这里所述的实施例仅仅是示例，在由附加权利要求限定的本发明的范围内还可以有其它的变化。

Claims (16)

1.用于植入在脉管中的扩张器，其中该扩张器包括：
(a)多个扩张器片段；
(b)用于可脱开地连接所述多个扩张器片段中的相邻扩张器片段的装置，所述可脱开连接装置适合允许所述相邻扩张器片段响应作用在所述可脱开连接装置上的生理学应力而相互分开，其中，所述分开在扩张器植入到脉管中后经过一段时间才发生，这段时间足以允许在扩张器周围形成的新内膜足以将所述多个扩张器片段相对脉管固定。
2.根据权利要求1中所述的扩张器，其特征在于，所述可脱开连接装置包括至少一个指定脱开支撑，其中指定脱开支撑的截面面积足够小，使得在植入后作用在扩张器上的应力的作用下指定脱开支撑将优先分开。
3.根据权利要求1中所述的扩张器，其特征在于，所述可脱开连接装置包括至少一个指定脱开支撑，其中指定脱开支撑由与扩张器其它部分相比足够脆弱的材料制造，这样在植入后作用在扩张器上的应力的作用下指定脱开支撑将优先分开。
4.根据权利要求1中所述的扩张器，其特征在于，所述可脱开连接装置包括至少一个指定脱开支撑，其中指定脱开支撑的横截面面积小于所述扩张器片段之一中的构件的横截面面积。
5.根据权利要求4中所述的扩张器，其特征在于，指定脱开支撑还由比所述扩张器片段之一中的构件材料脆弱的材料制造。
6.根据权利要求1中所述的扩张器，其特征在于，所述可脱开连接装置包括至少一个指定脱开支撑，其中指定脱开支撑由比所述扩张器片段之一中的构件材料脆弱的材料制造。
7.根据权利要求1中所述的扩张器，其特征在于，所述可脱开连接装置在扩张器的指定脱开区域包括至少一个指定脱开支撑，其中在所述指定脱开区域中指定脱开支撑的数量比穿过一个平面的支撑的数量少，该平面垂直于扩张器片段的轴线与所述扩张器片段之一交叉。
8.根据权利要求7中所述的扩张器，其特征在于，至少一个指定脱开支撑的横截面面积比所述扩张器片段之一中的构件的横截面面积小。
9.根据权利要求8中所述的扩张器，其特征在于，指定脱开支撑还由比所述扩张器片段之一中的构件材料脆弱的材料制造。
10.根据权利要求7中所述的扩张器，其特征在于，至少一个指定脱开支撑由比所述扩张器片段之一中的构件材料脆弱的材料制造。
11.一包括至少两个扩张器片段和至少一个指定脱开支撑的扩张器；
其特征在于，指定脱开支撑的横截面面积比所述扩张器片段之一中的构件的横截面面积小。
12.根据权利要求11中所述的扩张器，其特征在于，指定脱开支撑也用比所述扩张器片段之一中的构件材料脆弱的材料制造。
13.根据权利要求11中所述的扩张器，其特征在于，指定脱开支撑位于扩张器的指定脱开区域中，其中，指定脱开区域中的指定脱开支撑数量比穿过一个平面的支撑的数量少，该平面垂直于扩张器片段的轴线与所述扩张器片段之一交叉。
14.根据权利要求13中所述的扩张器，其特征在于，指定脱开支撑也用比所述扩张器片段之一中的构件材料脆弱的材料制造。
15.一包括至少两个扩张器片段和至少一个指定脱开支撑的扩张器；
其特征在于，指定脱开支撑由比所述扩张器片段之一中的构件材料脆弱的材料制造。
16.根据权利要求15中所述的扩张器，其特征在于，指定脱开支撑位于扩张器的指定脱开区域中，其中，指定脱开区域中的指定脱开支撑数量比穿过一个平面的支撑的数量少，该平面垂直于扩张器片段的轴线与所述扩张器片段之一交叉。
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EE04257B1 (xx) 2004-04-15
AU757936B2 (en) 2003-03-13
DE69923413D1 (de) 2005-03-03
KR20000047581A (ko) 2000-07-25
AU1407300A (en) 2000-06-19
DE19956249A1 (de) 2000-06-08
CA2281775A1 (en) 2000-06-03
GB2344527B (en) 2003-06-25
PL336834A1 (en) 2000-06-05
IL133269A0 (en) 2001-04-30
NO995877L (no) 2000-06-05
NO995877D0 (no) 1999-12-01
AU757936C (en) 2004-02-05
EP1005843A2 (en) 2000-06-07
JP3682674B2 (ja) 2005-08-10
SG75982A1 (en) 2000-10-24
BR9904304A (pt) 2000-09-05
NZ337652A (en) 2001-02-23
CA2281775C (en) 2009-11-24
EE9900422A (xx) 2000-08-15
AU4736099A (en) 2000-06-08
WO2000032136A1 (en) 2000-06-08
ATE287677T1 (de) 2005-02-15
DE69923413T2 (de) 2005-07-07
EP1005843B1 (en) 2005-01-26
JP2000167065A (ja) 2000-06-20
MX9911173A (es) 2003-03-27

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