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CN1253415C - Leaf surface fertilizer of reducing pesticide residue and promoting cropper growth - Google Patents

Leaf surface fertilizer of reducing pesticide residue and promoting cropper growth Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1253415C
CN1253415C CN 200410023955 CN200410023955A CN1253415C CN 1253415 C CN1253415 C CN 1253415C CN 200410023955 CN200410023955 CN 200410023955 CN 200410023955 A CN200410023955 A CN 200410023955A CN 1253415 C CN1253415 C CN 1253415C
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rare earth
sugar
foliar fertilizer
oligosaccharides
solid
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CN1562898A (en
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汪东风
孙继鹏
杜德红
王常红
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Ocean University of China
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Ocean University of China
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种降有机磷农药残留促作物生长叶面肥的制备方法。将包括单糖、糖醇及糖衍生物或低聚糖在内的糖类先以水溶解后,加入农用硝酸稀土或预先用稀酸溶解的稀土,稀土加入量占糖类重的百分比为0.4%~30.8%,在10℃~40℃下反应24h后调节反应液pH值至4~7,得到液态叶面肥,进一步干燥即得固态叶面肥。其中的糖类可用单糖、糖醇及糖衍生物或低聚糖,任用其中一种或组成的混合物,其中糖类含量应控制在每亩250g~650g,稀土总量每亩控制在1g~25g。本发明喷施数天内有机磷农药降解率达80%以上,作物增产率在3~20%,其生产工艺简单,原料易得,投资少,无污染,符合绿色食品生产的需要。The invention relates to a preparation method of a foliar fertilizer for reducing organophosphorus pesticide residues and promoting crop growth. Dissolve sugars including monosaccharides, sugar alcohols and sugar derivatives or oligosaccharides in water first, then add agricultural rare earth nitrate or rare earth dissolved in dilute acid in advance, the amount of rare earth added is 0.4% of the sugar weight % to 30.8%, after reacting at 10°C to 40°C for 24 hours, adjust the pH value of the reaction solution to 4 to 7 to obtain a liquid foliar fertilizer, which can be further dried to obtain a solid foliar fertilizer. The sugars can be monosaccharides, sugar alcohols and sugar derivatives or oligosaccharides. One of them or a mixture of them can be used. The sugar content should be controlled at 250g-650g per mu, and the total amount of rare earth should be controlled at 1g-650g per mu. 25g. The invention has a degradation rate of more than 80% of organophosphorus pesticides within a few days of spraying, and a crop yield increase rate of 3-20%. The production process is simple, the raw materials are easy to obtain, the investment is small, and there is no pollution, which meets the needs of green food production.

Description

降有机磷农药残留促作物生长叶面肥的制备方法Preparation method of foliar fertilizer for reducing organophosphorus pesticide residues and promoting crop growth

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种降有机磷农药残留促作物生长的叶面肥制备方法。The invention relates to a preparation method of foliar fertilizer for reducing organophosphorus pesticide residues and promoting crop growth.

背景技术Background technique

我国地少人多,如何保证食物数量安全和质量安全是长期而艰巨的任务。就植物源食物来说,不论是大宗的粮食生产,还是蔬菜水果的生产,它们的生长旺季也多是虫害发生旺季。现阶段为提高它们的产量和质量,农民还需要用化学农药防治虫害。随着有机氯农药的全面禁止使用和拟除虫菊酯类农药易使害虫产生抗药性,目前有机磷农药占了杀虫剂总量的70%。长期大规模生产和使用有机磷农药,不仅对环境造成严重污染,在食物及饲料中残留对人及养殖动物也有严重的影响。而开展转基因抗虫、抗病作物的研究、绿色食品生产基地的建设、生物农药及有机磷农药替代品的开发、建立食品质量与安全保障体系、食品质量及安全(QS)市场准入机制以及某些有机磷农药的淘汰使用或在食品卫生标准中达到无检出要求等都需要很强的科技及经费支持,如一种农药从研制开发到推广应用,需要化学、农学、医学及环境等多学科的配合,历经十多年。根据我国的国情,现阶段还不可能完全禁止有机磷农药的使用。因此,既能降解作物体内有机磷农药残留,又能促进作物生长的叶面肥是当前及今后所迫切需要的。How to ensure the safety of food quantity and quality is a long-term and arduous task. As far as plant-derived foods are concerned, whether it is bulk grain production or vegetable and fruit production, their peak growing season is mostly the peak season of insect pests. In order to improve their yield and quality at this stage, farmers also need to use chemical pesticides to control pests. With the complete prohibition of the use of organochlorine pesticides and the tendency of pests to develop resistance to pyrethroid pesticides, organophosphorus pesticides currently account for 70% of the total amount of insecticides. Long-term large-scale production and use of organophosphorus pesticides not only cause serious pollution to the environment, but also have serious impacts on humans and farmed animals due to residues in food and feed. And to carry out research on transgenic insect-resistant and disease-resistant crops, construction of green food production bases, development of biological pesticides and organophosphorus pesticide substitutes, establishment of food quality and safety assurance systems, food quality and safety (QS) market access mechanisms, and The elimination and use of some organophosphorus pesticides or the requirement of non-detection in food hygiene standards require strong scientific and financial support. The cooperation of disciplines has gone through more than ten years. According to my country's national conditions, it is impossible to completely ban the use of organophosphorus pesticides at this stage. Therefore, there is an urgent need for foliar fertilizers that can degrade organophosphorus pesticide residues in crops and promote crop growth at present and in the future.

目前我国研制的叶面肥较多,其主要目的是促进作物生长和提高品质。如一种用作肥药的可溶性复合粉剂(ZL98103155.2)和一种高效多菌能叶面肥及其制备方法(ZL92109659.3)等专利产品,而既有促进作物生长又有降有机磷农药的农用产品目前尚未见专利报道。At present, there are many foliar fertilizers developed in my country, the main purpose of which is to promote crop growth and improve quality. For example, a soluble composite powder used as a fertilizer (ZL98103155.2) and a high-efficiency multi-bacterial energy foliar fertilizer and its preparation method (ZL92109659.3) and other patented products, which can both promote crop growth and reduce organophosphorus pesticides. of agricultural products have not yet seen patent reports.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明是针对目前有机磷农药的大量使用对食物造成污染的现状,研制出一种既能促进作物体中有机磷农药残留降解,又能提高作物产量的叶面肥。The present invention aims at the present situation that the massive use of organophosphorus pesticides causes food pollution, and develops a foliar fertilizer that can not only promote the degradation of organophosphorus pesticide residues in crops, but also increase crop yield.

本发明的制备方法或工艺:将糖类或糖衍生物先以水溶解后,加入稀土元素,再调节反应液pH值至4~7,过滤后浓缩便得到液态叶面肥,进一步干燥即得固态叶面肥。其中的糖类是单糖、糖醇及糖衍生物或低聚糖,或任用其中一种,也可将它们按任何比例组成的混合物;其中稀土元素是农用硝酸稀土,或预先用稀酸溶解的稀土。不管是液态叶面肥还是固态叶面肥,在使用时每亩糖类含量控制在250g~650g;稀土元素总量控制在1g~25g。The preparation method or process of the present invention: dissolve sugars or sugar derivatives in water first, add rare earth elements, then adjust the pH value of the reaction solution to 4-7, filter and concentrate to obtain liquid foliage fertilizer, and further dry to obtain Solid foliar fertilizer. The sugars are monosaccharides, sugar alcohols and sugar derivatives or oligosaccharides, or any one of them, or a mixture of them in any proportion; the rare earth element is agricultural rare earth nitrate, or dissolved in dilute acid in advance of rare earths. Regardless of whether it is a liquid foliar fertilizer or a solid foliar fertilizer, the sugar content per mu is controlled at 250g-650g; the total amount of rare earth elements is controlled at 1g-25g.

因此,本发明实质是利用糖类为配体与稀土元素配位络合,制备出的糖稀土复合物。在喷施了有机磷农药的作物上应用该复合物可使有机磷农药在数天内降解率达80%以上,作物增产率在3~20%,作物增产概率在85%左右。且本发明的生产工艺简单,原料易得,投资少,无污染,符合当前及今后绿色食品生产的需要和要求。Therefore, the essence of the present invention is the sugar-rare-earth complex prepared by using carbohydrates as ligands for coordination and complexation with rare earth elements. Applying the compound to crops sprayed with organophosphorus pesticides can make the degradation rate of organophosphorus pesticides reach more than 80% within a few days, increase the yield of crops by 3-20%, and increase the probability of crops by about 85%. Moreover, the production process of the invention is simple, the raw materials are easy to obtain, the investment is small, and there is no pollution, which meets the needs and requirements of the current and future green food production.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

本发明的制备方法:将包括单糖、糖醇及糖衍生物或低聚糖在内的糖类先以水溶解后,加入农用硝酸稀土或预先用稀酸溶解的稀土,稀土加入量为0.4%~30.8%(占糖类重量的百分比),在10℃~40℃下反应24h后调节反应液pH值至4~7,得到液态叶面肥,进一步干燥即得固态叶面肥。其中的糖类可用单糖、糖醇及糖衍生物或低聚糖中任用一种或将它们按任何比例组成的混合物,但其中糖类含量控制在每亩250g~650g。稀土总量每亩控制在1g~20g。The preparation method of the present invention: after dissolving sugars including monosaccharides, sugar alcohols, sugar derivatives or oligosaccharides in water, adding agricultural rare earth nitrate or rare earth dissolved in dilute acid in advance, the amount of rare earth added is 0.4 % to 30.8% (accounting for sugar weight percentage), adjust the pH value of the reaction solution to 4-7 after reacting at 10°C to 40°C for 24 hours to obtain a liquid foliar fertilizer, and further dry to obtain a solid foliar fertilizer. The saccharides can be any one of monosaccharides, sugar alcohols, sugar derivatives or oligosaccharides or a mixture of them in any proportion, but the saccharide content is controlled at 250g-650g per mu. The total amount of rare earth is controlled at 1g-20g per mu.

上述所述的单糖为半乳糖、果糖,所述的糖醇为阿拉伯糖醇、半乳糖醇、葡糖醇、木糖醇,所述的糖衍生物为葡萄糖胺,所述的低聚糖为海藻糖、乳糖、棉子糖、麦芽糖。所用的农用稀土可以是“常乐”牌益植素(商丘微肥厂产)或其它农用稀土;也可以添加预先用稀硝酸溶解的单一稀土元素或混合稀土,调节反应液pH值是指用碱微调到pH为4~7。如果之前的反应液已达到所需的pH值,可不必再加碱调pH值。The monosaccharides mentioned above are galactose and fructose, the sugar alcohols are arabitol, galactitol, glucitol, xylitol, the sugar derivatives are glucosamine, and the oligosaccharides For trehalose, lactose, raffinose, maltose. The agricultural rare earths used can be "Changle" brand Yiphytogen (produced by Shangqiu Fertilizer Factory) or other agricultural rare earths; it is also possible to add single rare earth elements or mixed rare earths dissolved in dilute nitric acid in advance, and to adjust the pH value of the reaction solution means to use Alkali is fine-tuned to pH 4-7. If the previous reaction solution has reached the desired pH value, it is not necessary to add alkali to adjust the pH value.

实施例1Example 1

半乳糖或果糖50g溶解在100ml水中,缓慢加入0.3g“常乐”牌益植素,保持在25℃反应24h后,得液态叶面肥,或干燥得固态叶面肥。每亩使用量中固态为400g,液态的应内含有固形物400g,它们均按常规叶面肥使用方法使用。Dissolve 50g of galactose or fructose in 100ml of water, slowly add 0.3g of "Changle" brand phytonutrients, and keep it at 25°C for 24 hours to get a liquid foliar fertilizer, or dry it to get a solid foliar fertilizer. The solid is 400g in the dosage per mu, and the liquid should contain 400g of solid, and they are all used according to the conventional foliar fertilizer usage method.

实施例2Example 2

在耐酸容器中置半乳糖和果糖各25g溶解在100ml水中,缓慢加入0.2g硝酸稀土,保持在25℃反应24h后,用碳酸氢铵调节反应液pH值为6.0后得液态叶面肥,或干燥得固态叶面肥。每亩使用量中固态的为350g,液态的应内含有固形物350g,它们均按常规叶面肥使用方法使用。Dissolve 25g of galactose and 25g of fructose in 100ml of water in an acid-resistant container, slowly add 0.2g of rare earth nitrate, keep it at 25°C for 24 hours, adjust the pH of the reaction solution to 6.0 with ammonium bicarbonate to obtain a liquid foliar fertilizer, or Dried to obtain solid foliar fertilizer. The amount of solid used per mu is 350g, and the liquid should contain 350g of solid. They are all used according to the conventional foliar fertilizer usage method.

实施例3Example 3

葡萄糖胺50g溶解在100ml水中,缓慢加入0.3g“常乐”牌益植素,保持在25℃反应24h后,得液态叶面肥,或干燥得固态叶面肥。每亩使用量中固态为500g,液态的应内含有固形物500g。它们均按常规叶面肥使用方法使用。Dissolve 50g of glucosamine in 100ml of water, slowly add 0.3g of "Changle" brand Yiphytogen, and keep it at 25°C for 24 hours to get liquid foliar fertilizer, or dry to get solid foliar fertilizer. The amount of solid used per mu is 500g, and the liquid should contain 500g of solid. They are all used according to the conventional foliar fertilizer application method.

实施例4Example 4

在耐酸容器中置棉子糖或果糖50g、自来水90ml,缓慢加入预先用稀硝酸溶解的、浓度为30mg/ml的稀土溶液10ml,保持在25℃反应24h后,用碳酸氢铵调节反应液pH值为6.0后得液态叶面肥,或干燥得固态叶面肥。每亩使用量中固态为400g,液态的应内含有固形物400g。它们均按常规叶面肥使用方法使用。Put 50g of raffinose or fructose and 90ml of tap water in an acid-resistant container, slowly add 10ml of a rare earth solution with a concentration of 30mg/ml dissolved in dilute nitric acid in advance, keep it at 25°C for 24 hours, and adjust the pH of the reaction solution with ammonium bicarbonate After the value is 6.0, a liquid foliar fertilizer is obtained, or a dry solid foliar fertilizer is obtained. The amount of solid used per mu is 400g, and the liquid should contain 400g of solid. They are all used according to the conventional foliar fertilizer application method.

实施例5Example 5

在耐酸容器中置葡萄糖胺或半乳糖醇50g溶解在90ml水中,缓慢加入预先用稀酸溶解的、浓度为30mg/ml的稀土溶液10ml,保持在25℃反应24h后,用碳酸氢铵调节反应液pH值为6.5后得液态叶面肥,或干燥得固态叶面肥。每亩使用量中固态为350g,液态的应内含有固形物350g。它们均按常规叶面肥使用方法使用。Dissolve 50g of glucosamine or galactitol in 90ml of water in an acid-resistant container, slowly add 10ml of a rare earth solution with a concentration of 30mg/ml dissolved in dilute acid in advance, keep it at 25°C for 24 hours, and adjust the reaction with ammonium bicarbonate After the liquid pH value is 6.5, a liquid foliage fertilizer can be obtained, or a solid foliage fertilizer can be obtained after drying. The amount of solid used per mu is 350g, and the liquid should contain 350g of solid. They are all used according to the conventional foliar fertilizer application method.

Claims (1)

1、一种降有机磷农药残留促作物生长的叶面肥制备方法,其特征在于将单糖、糖醇、糖衍生物或低聚糖中任一种或将它们按任何比例组成的混合物先以水溶解后,加入农用硝酸稀土或预先用稀酸溶解的稀土,稀土加入量占糖类重量的百分比为0.4%~30.8%,在10℃~40℃下反应24h后调节反应液pH值至4~7,得到液态叶面肥,进一步干燥即得固态叶面肥;1. A method for preparing foliar fertilizer for reducing organophosphorus pesticide residues and promoting crop growth, characterized in that any one of monosaccharides, sugar alcohols, sugar derivatives or oligosaccharides or their mixture in any proportion is first After dissolving in water, add rare earth nitrate for agricultural use or rare earth dissolved in dilute acid in advance. The percentage of rare earth added to the sugar weight is 0.4% to 30.8%. After reacting at 10°C to 40°C for 24 hours, adjust the pH value of the reaction solution to 4 to 7, to obtain liquid foliar fertilizer, and further dry to obtain solid foliar fertilizer; 其中所述的单糖为半乳糖、果糖,糖醇为阿拉伯糖醇、半乳糖醇、葡糖醇、木糖醇,糖衍生物为葡萄糖胺,低聚糖为海藻糖、乳糖、棉子糖、麦芽糖。Wherein said monosaccharide is galactose, fructose, sugar alcohol is arabitol, galactitol, glucitol, xylitol, sugar derivative is glucosamine, oligosaccharide is trehalose, lactose, raffinose ,maltose.
CN 200410023955 2004-04-22 2004-04-22 Leaf surface fertilizer of reducing pesticide residue and promoting cropper growth Expired - Fee Related CN1253415C (en)

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Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103797955B (en) * 2014-01-28 2015-09-09 广西喷施宝股份有限公司 A kind of method reducing Organo-phosphorus Pesticide Residues in Vegetables
CN105036923A (en) * 2015-07-22 2015-11-11 烟台嘉禾生物科技有限公司 Multifunctional water soluble fertilizer
CN105152745A (en) * 2015-07-30 2015-12-16 合肥元政农林生态科技有限公司 Petasites tatewakianus foliar fertilizer
CN107266166A (en) * 2017-06-15 2017-10-20 宿松县宝利鑫家庭农场 A kind of water retention organic fertilizer of degrading pesticide residues
CN108835511A (en) * 2018-06-04 2018-11-20 陕西日日新生物科技有限公司 A kind of fruits and vegetables coloring modifying agent
CN108484299A (en) * 2018-06-24 2018-09-04 覃海平 A kind of general foliar fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN108503453A (en) * 2018-06-24 2018-09-07 覃海平 A kind of general foliar fertilizer and preparation method thereof promoting flowering of plant result

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