CN1247282C - Aluminium phosphide residue non-poisonous innocuous finishing agent and treating method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a nontoxic and innoxious treating agent for the residues of aluminium phosphide and a treating method thereof. The treating agent is prepared from a catalyst, acid and an oxidizing agent according to the sum of the volume of the acid and the oxidizing agent, wherein the volume of the acid accounts for 40 to 80% and preferably 45 to 55%; the volume of the catalyst is from 1 to 30g/ litre and preferably 8 to 18g/ litre. The acid is nitric acid, hydrochloric acid or sulphuric acid, the oxidizing agent is perchloric acid, and the catalyst is copper sulfate. The method of the treating agent comprises the steps that the treating agent is added and stirred in a container with the pulp of the residues of the aluminium phosphide in the process of treating the residues of the aluminium phosphide, and then, heating and heat insulation are carried out for 0.5 to 4 hours at 25 to 100 DEG C and preferably 70 to 95 DEG C. The addition amount of the treating agent meets the requirement that the ratio of the treating agent to the residues of the dried aluminium phosphide is 1500 to 4000 ml: 10kg. The content of the aluminium phosphide in processed slag is smaller than 0.1%.

Description

A non-toxic and harmless treatment agent for aluminum phosphide residue and its treatment method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum phosphide residue treatment, and in particular provides a non-toxic and harmless treatment agent for aluminum phosphide residue and a treatment method thereof, which can effectively treat harmful substances in the aluminum phosphide residue.

Background technique

Aluminum phosphide is a widely used high-efficiency insecticide raw material at present. Its principle of action is to slowly mix aluminum phosphide with water at a certain temperature in a sealed high-pressure container, and the aluminum phosphide hydrolyzes to release phosphine and release The phosphine produced is diluted with carbon dioxide gas to prepare a certain concentration of phosphine gas, and then the certain concentration of phosphine gas is introduced into the warehouse where the goods are stored and fumigated to achieve the purpose of killing insects. Because phosphine has a strong insecticidal effect and has little residue, it is widely used in the insecticidal treatment of grain, tobacco leaves, food, containers and other items. Aluminum phosphide insecticides are generally required to add a certain amount of paraffin, magnesium stearate, ammonium carbamate and other substances to the aluminum phosphide for the convenience of storage, transportation and use as slow-release agents. Due to the presence of the slow-release agent and the covering and wrapping effect of the aluminum hydroxide produced during the hydrolysis of aluminum phosphide, the residue after hydrolysis generally contains about 2% AlP. When this residue is discharged, the residual aluminum phosphide will continuously release highly toxic, flammable and explosive phosphine gas due to slow hydrolysis. Environmental and personal safety also pose serious safety hazards to warehouses and stored items, especially large national-level grain depots. At present, aluminum phosphide pesticides are widely used in the whole country. The annual consumption of grain industry alone reaches 50,000 tons, and the generated aluminum phosphide residue is about 48,000 tons. At present, this kind of waste residue has not been treated in any way in China, and it is directly discharged into the sewer.

The aluminum phosphide residue slurry contains not only aluminum phosphide, but also paraffin, magnesium stearate and a large amount of ammonium carbamate. The aqueous solution contains ammonia, which is alkaline, and the pH is generally 9-11.

Contents of the invention

The invention aims to provide a non-toxic and harmless treatment agent for aluminum phosphide residue and a treatment method thereof, so that harmful substances can be effectively treated.

The treatment agent of the present invention is composed of catalyst, acid and oxidant, and is prepared according to the volume sum of the acid and oxidant, the volume occupied by the acid is 40-80%, and the catalyst is 1-30g/liter. The preferred selection range of the volume occupied by the acid is 45-55%, and the preferred selection range of the catalyst is 8-18 g/liter.

The kind of acid mentioned above is nitric acid, hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, the oxidizing agent is perchloric acid, and the catalyst is copper sulfate.

The method of using the treatment agent of the present invention is: the aluminum phosphide residue treatment process is to add the treatment agent while stirring in a container containing the aluminum phosphide residue slurry, after adding, heat to a certain temperature, and keep warm for a certain period of time; The amount of treatment agent added is treatment agent: dry aluminum phosphide residue = 1500-4000ml: 10 kg, the heating temperature is 25-100°C, and the holding time is 0.5-4h. The preferred range of heating temperature is 70-95°C, and the preferred range of holding time is 1-2h.

The present invention slowly adds a treatment agent consisting of acid, oxidant and catalyst copper sulfate to the aluminum phosphide residue slurry containing ammoniacal alkali, and stirs for a certain period of time under heating conditions to decompose aluminum phosphide and decompose the low-priced Phosphorus is oxidized to non-toxic and harmless phosphate.

The advantage of the invention is that the content of aluminum phosphide in the treated slag is less than 0.1%.

Detailed ways

Example 1: Slowly add 2500 ml of treatment agent to 10 kg of aluminum phosphide reaction residue while stirring, heat to 60° C., keep warm for 2 hours, and the content of aluminum phosphide in the slag is less than 0.1%.

Example 2: Slowly add 2000 ml of treatment agent to 10 kg of aluminum phosphide reaction residue while stirring, heat to 85° C., keep warm for 1 hour, and the content of aluminum phosphide in the slag is less than 0.1%.

Example 3: Slowly add 3500 ml of treatment agent to 10 kg of aluminum phosphide reaction residue while stirring, heat to 30° C., keep warm for 3 hours, and the content of aluminum phosphide in the slag is less than 0.1%.

Example 4: Slowly add 1600ml of treating agent to 10kg of aluminum phosphide residue after the reaction while stirring, heat to 95°C, keep warm for 1.5h, the content of aluminum phosphide in the slag is less than 0.1%.

Example 5: Slowly add 2000 ml of treatment agent to 10 kg of aluminum phosphide reaction residue while stirring, heat to 70° C., keep warm for 2 hours, and the content of aluminum phosphide in the slag is less than 0.1%.

Claims (4)

1. A non-toxic and harmless treatment agent for aluminum phosphide residues, characterized in that: the treatment agent is composed of catalyst, acid and oxidant, and is prepared by the volume sum of acid and oxidant, and the volume occupied by the acid is 40-80%. The catalyst is 1-30g/liter; the type of acid is nitric acid, hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, the oxidizing agent is perchloric acid, and the catalyst is copper sulfate. 2. The treatment agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: the volume occupied by the acid is 45-55%, and the selection range of the catalyst is 8-18g/liter. 3. A method of using the non-toxic and harmless treatment agent for aluminum phosphide residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: the process of treating aluminum phosphide residues is stirring in a container containing aluminum phosphide residue slurry , add treatment agent while adding, heat and keep warm after adding, treatment agent addition is treatment agent: dry aluminum phosphide residue=1500～4000ml: 10 kilograms, heating temperature is 25～100 ℃, and soaking time is 0.5～4h. 4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the selection range of the heating temperature is 70-95°C, and the selection range of the holding time is 1-2 hours.