CN1245872C - Method of preventing pine wilt due to nematode and apparatus for preventing pine wilt - Google Patents

Abstract

In order to effectively and efficiently prevent pine wilt by electrical shock regardless of the number of standing trees, voltage pulses are applied to all or several branches extending from the middle to the top of a pine trunk and thus electrical pulses are passed toward the earth through the branches and the trunk. Thus, the growth of pine wood nematode parasitic on the above branches is inhibited to thereby prevent pine wilt.

Description

Method for preventing pine tree withering caused by pests and pine tree withering preventive treatment device

technical field

The present invention relates to a method and device for preventing and controlling pests such as weevils, in particular to a method for preventing pine tree withering by suppressing the invasion of pine wood nematodes into pine trees or the reproduction of pine wood nematodes after invasion by electric shock to prevent pine trees from withering and pine wilt prevention treatment device.

Background technique

The present invention is a patent application (Japanese Patent Application Hei 8-182206; Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-23852) filed in Japan by the applicant for a "Method for suppressing wilting of trees affected by pests" and was granted a patent (Patent No. 3343322) improved inventions.

Although it is effective to prevent pine tree withering by suppressing the invasion of pine xylophilus into pine trees or the reproduction of pine xylophilus after invasion by electric shocks, it is effective to implement this preventive method efficiently and effectively regardless of the number of trees. Trees, even clustered pine trees, can also be considered impossible in reality.

Contents of the invention

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for efficiently and effectively applying electric shocks to a large number of pine trees to suppress the invasion of pine xylophilus or the propagation of pine xylophilus after invasion.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for effectively implementing the above-mentioned method of the present invention.

Beetles fly to the branches of strong pine trees and bite the bark as food. At this time, pine wood nematodes (hereinafter referred to as "nematodes") invade into the branches through the stomata of long beetles. In the branches, the nematodes proliferate and spread into the trunk, and the pine tree dies due to lack of water due to the propagation.

Specifically, after biting the bark, tens of thousands of nematodes will settle down on the wound, and after at most 3 days, they will repeatedly shed their skin, mate, lay eggs and reproduce on the intruded part, and at most one week will pass into the trunk. Diffusion in. The nematodes with two male and female pairs actually increased to 260,000 within about 15 days. If after about 20 days, the nematodes will repeatedly carry out generation alternation in units of 4 or 5 days, and the nematodes will be distributed to the entire trunk after a month at most.

The present inventors have confirmed that there is a tendency of flying beetles on the branches extending from the main trunk from approximately the middle to the top of the trunk of a robust pine tree, and that it is most effective to apply electric shocks during the initial reproductive stage, which is carried out on those branches. It is the stage of reproduction and invading the trunk to reproduce, and it is confirmed that the pulse voltage applied to multiple branches suppresses the reproduction of nematodes on the branches, and at the same time, the pulse current converges from the multiple branches to the main trunk and flows to the ground, thereby also inhibiting the already invaded trunk. Nematodes multiply within. Its inhibitory effect is more significant than that of nematode reproduction by applying electric shock to tree trunks in the past.

That is to say, according to the present invention to achieve the above-mentioned object, all the branches extending from the main trunk from approximately the middle to the top of the pine tree or a plurality of branches are selected from them, and a voltage pulse is applied to those branches to make the current pulse flow from the branch through the trunk to the On the ground, inhibit the reproduction of nematodes parasitic in the above-mentioned branches. In reality, although nematode reproduction cannot be avoided for unselected branches, the dead zone of tall branches is effectively limited. In fact, the choice of branches is sometimes made for large branches and branches with good shape.

The voltage pulse is composed of a small-amplitude wide pulse of one polarity followed by a large-amplitude narrow-width pulse of the other polarity, and this bipolar voltage pulse is repeatedly applied. The application of a small-amplitude wide pulse of one polarity will produce the expected effect of applying a subsequent large-amplitude wide pulse of the other polarity, and the pulse falling and rising edges of the other two pulses will be added. The reproductive inhibition becomes the effective amplitude.

Effectively implement the used pine withering preventive treatment device of the present invention for the above-mentioned preventive treatment method, it is characterized in that comprising: voltage pulse application device, including: the pulse generation device and the timer that bipolar voltage pulse occurs, and this bipolar voltage pulse is controlled by one party A pulse with a small amplitude and a wide amplitude of one polarity and a subsequent pulse with a large amplitude and a narrow amplitude of the other polarity, the timer is connected to the pulse generating device and generates the above-mentioned bipolar voltage pulse at a preset time; A pulse application electrode installed on each of a plurality of conductors protruding from the voltage pulse application device; said conductor has a sufficient length for installing said electrode on a branch extending from the trunk from approximately the middle of the trunk of the pine tree up to the top , also includes the electrode connected to the output end of the non-ground side of the above-mentioned pulse generating device through a resistor and insulated and fixed on the casing of the voltage pulse application device, so as to avoid applying high voltage to the human body in case the above-mentioned conductor is cut off .

When in use, the voltage pulse application device can be fixed on the trunk, and electrodes can be installed on selected high branches. Voltage pulses are automatically applied at times set by a timer. According to an experimental example, it was found that 1 pulse can suppress reproduction for approximately 9 days.

The use method of another kind of pine withering preventive treatment device of the present invention that is adopted for effectively implementing the above-mentioned preventive treatment method, the pine withering preventive treatment device includes: a voltage pulse application device, including: a pulse generating device that generates bipolar voltage pulses and A timer, the bipolar voltage pulse is composed of a pulse with a small amplitude and a wide width of one polarity and a subsequent pulse with a large amplitude and a narrow amplitude of the other polarity, the timer is connected to the pulse generating device and is set in advance The above-mentioned bipolar voltage pulse occurs at a fixed time; a pulse application electrode is installed on each of a plurality of conductors protruding from the voltage pulse application device; The length enough to install the above-mentioned electrodes on the out-grown tree branches also includes connecting the output terminal of the non-ground side of the above-mentioned voltage pulse application device through a resistor and insulated and fixed on the front-end electrode of the voltage pulse application device to avoid the above-mentioned In the event that a high voltage is applied to the human body when the conductor is cut off, the method of use is characterized by: selecting all branches extending from the trunk of a sound pine tree from approximately the middle to the top, or selecting a plurality of branches from among them. Install the above-mentioned electrode with a sharp front end, fix the above-mentioned voltage pulse application device on the trunk of the tree, apply the voltage pulse of the above-mentioned voltage pulse application device to the selected branches, and make the current pulse flow to the ground from the branches through the trunk.

A conductor extending from the voltage pulse application device is supported by a pole supporting the electrode at the top, and the operator holds the pole in his hand to bring the electrode into contact with a selected branch to apply a voltage pulse. Implement preventive treatment. The above-mentioned voltage pulse is composed of a small-amplitude and wide-width pulse of one polarity followed by a large-amplitude and narrow-width pulse of the other polarity, and this bipolar voltage pulse is repeatedly applied.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the method of preventing and treating pine withering and its apparatus according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the implementation of pine tree dieback prevention treatment, showing the distribution of current pulses in the trunk.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the device for preventing and treating pine withering according to the present invention.

Figure 4 is a waveform diagram of a bipolar voltage pulse.

Detailed ways

Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2. Select a plurality of branches from among the branches (shaded parts) that extend from the main trunk of a robust pine tree approximately in the middle to the top, apply voltage pulses to these selected branches, and pass current pulses from the branches through the trunk It flows to the ground and inhibits the reproduction of nematodes parasitic in the above-mentioned selected branches. As shown in Figure 4, the voltage pulse is composed of a small-amplitude and wide-width pulse (amplitude E1, amplitude T1) of one polarity followed by a large-amplitude and narrow-amplitude pulse (amplitude E2, amplitude T2) of the other polarity, repeated The bipolar voltage pulse is applied.

A preventive treatment device for effectively implementing the above-mentioned preventive treatment method will be described with reference to FIG. 1 . As shown in Figure 1, the pine withering prevention treatment device includes a voltage pulse application device 1, which has: a pulse generating device, which is used to generate a bipolar voltage pulse (referring to Figure 4); a timer 4, which is connected with the pulse generating device And to generate a bipolar voltage pulse at a preset time, the device further includes a pulse application electrode 22 installed on each of the plurality of conductors 21 protruding from the voltage pulse application device 1 . The conductor 21 needs to be long enough to attach the electrode 22 to the branches extending from the main trunk of the pine tree from approximately the middle to the top.

The pulse generating device comprises: a pulse generating circuit 5, which is used to supply power and operate respectively through the power supply circuit 3 connected with the power supply 2 (battery); a cycle adjustment circuit 6, which is connected with the pulse generating circuit 5 and adjusts the pulse cycle generated. Adjustment; pulse width adjustment circuit 7, which is connected with pulse generation circuit 5 and adjusts the generated pulse width; voltage adjustment circuit 8, which is connected with pulse generation circuit 5 and adjusts the generated pulse amplitude; step-up transformer 11, Used to connect one end of the primary winding 11a on the voltage regulating circuit 8 and connect the other end to the collector of the transistor 10; the sensor circuit 9 is connected to the secondary winding 11b of the step-up transformer 11 on the input side, and is connected to the The output side is respectively connected to the pulse width adjustment circuit 7 , the voltage adjustment circuit 8 and the period adjustment circuit 6 .

The output terminal of the pulse width adjustment circuit 7 is connected to the base electrode of the transistor 10, and the emitter electrode is grounded. The secondary winding 11b of the step-up transformer 11 is connected to the output terminals 12 and 13 of the voltage pulse application device 1, and the output terminal 12 on one side is connected to the electrode 22 to apply a voltage pulse to the high branch through the cable 21, and the output terminal 13 on the other side grounded.

When the cable 21 is accidentally cut off, in order to avoid the accident of applying high-power pulse voltage to the human body, the electrode 14 connected to the output terminal 12 through a resistor and the tip of the front end is insulated and fixed on the casing of the voltage pulse application device 1 . The voltage pulse application device 1 is fixed to the tree trunk by means of the electrodes 14 .

The sensor circuit 9 constantly monitors the output voltage of the voltage pulse application device 1, and compares the voltage pulse width, amplitude and cycle that vary according to the state of the branches and trunks of the pine tree with the set reference value for feedback control, so that the differential output 9a , 9b and 9c are transmitted to the pulse width adjustment circuit 7, the voltage adjustment circuit 8 and the cycle adjustment circuit 6 to apply the specified bipolar voltage pulse (refer to FIG. 4).

When in use, the voltage pulse device 1 can be fixed on the trunk, and the electrodes 22 can be installed on selected high branches. The voltage pulse is automatically applied at the time set by the timer 4 . If voltage pulses are applied to each branch at the same time, the current pulses from each branch will flow through the trunk towards the ground as shown in FIG.

Fig. 3 shows another pine wilt preventive treatment device which effectively implements the preventive treatment. This device has: voltage pulse application device 1; Pulse application electrode 32, is installed on a conductor 31 that stretches out from this voltage pulse application device 1; Supported at the top. The conductor 31 and the pole 33 need to be long enough to place the electrode 32 on the branches extending from the main trunk of the pine tree from approximately the middle to the top.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the operator holds a pole 33 to place electrodes 32 on selected high branches, and applies voltage pulses to carry out preventive treatment.

If the relationship between the tree age and the number of tall branches is expressed according to the actual situation, it will be as follows (the number of used units is set as the case where the electrode data of the preventive treatment device is 5).

Tree age (year) Trunk diameter (cm) Number of upper branches Number of units used

10 10 3-5 1

20 15 5-7 1

30 20 7-9 2

40 25 9-11 2

50 30 11-13 2

60 35 13-15 3

70 40 15-17 3

80 44 17-19 4

90 48 19-21 4

100 52 21-23 5

The preventive treatment of pine dieback can be effectively implemented regardless of the number of trees.

The present invention can be applied to preventive treatment of pine withering.

Claims (3)

1. the withered Prevention Processing device of a pine tree is characterized by and comprises:

Potential pulse bringing device (1), comprise: pulse generating unit and timer that the bipolar voltage pulse takes place, this bipolar voltage pulse is made of the narrow pulse of large amplitude amplitude of the pulse of the little amplitude amplitude broad of side's polarity and follow-up the opposing party's polarity, and this timer is connected with this pulse generating unit and in the time that sets in advance above-mentioned bipolar voltage pulse takes place;

The pulse that is installed on each of a plurality of conductors (21) of stretching out from this potential pulse bringing device (1) applies electrode (22);

Above-mentioned conductor (21) has and is used for from pine tree trunk approximate mid-section up to the top in the enough length of above-mentioned electrode being installed by the extended branch of trunk,

Also comprise by resistance be connected with the output (12) of the non-ground connection side of above-mentioned pulse generating unit (1) and the casing that is fixed in the potential pulse bringing device that insulate on the electrode (14) of front end point, to avoid above-mentioned conductor (21) just in case human body is applied high-tension situation when cutting off.

2. the using method of the withered Prevention Processing device of a pine tree, this pine tree Prevention Processing device of withering comprises:

Potential pulse bringing device (1), comprise: pulse generating unit and timer that the bipolar voltage pulse takes place, this bipolar voltage pulse is made of the narrow pulse of large amplitude amplitude of the pulse of the little amplitude amplitude broad of side's polarity and follow-up the opposing party's polarity, and this timer is connected with this pulse generating unit and in the time that sets in advance above-mentioned bipolar voltage pulse takes place;

The pulse that is installed on each of a plurality of conductors (21) of stretching out from this potential pulse bringing device (1) applies electrode (22);

Above-mentioned conductor (21) has and is used for from pine tree trunk approximate mid-section up to the top in the enough length of above-mentioned electrode being installed by the extended branch of trunk,

Also comprise by resistance be connected with the output (12) of the non-ground connection side of above-mentioned potential pulse bringing device (1) and the casing that is fixed in the potential pulse bringing device that insulate on the electrode (14) of front end point, to avoid above-mentioned conductor (21) just in case human body is applied high-tension situation when cutting off

This using method is characterized by:

Selection from sound pine tree trunk approximate mid-section up to the top by extended all branches of trunk or from wherein selecting a plurality of branches, the above-mentioned electrode (22) of front end point is installed on the high branch of selecting, above-mentioned potential pulse bringing device (1) is fixed on the tree trunk, apply the potential pulse of above-mentioned potential pulse bringing device (1) to the branch of selecting, make current impulse flow to ground through trunk from branch.

3. the using method of the withered Prevention Processing device of pine tree according to claim 2, it is characterized by: support from the extended conductor of above-mentioned potential pulse bringing device (1) (31) by the pole (33) of top supporting electrode (32), operator's hand is taken and is stated the branch that pole (33) is selected the electrode contact, apply potential pulse, processing effects prevention, above-mentioned potential pulse is made of the narrow pulse of large amplitude amplitude of the pulse of the little amplitude amplitude broad of side's polarity and follow-up the opposing party's polarity, applies this bipolar voltage pulse repeatedly.

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