CN1245482C - Catalyst on line recovery method and device used for catalytic cracking equipment - Google Patents
Catalyst on line recovery method and device used for catalytic cracking equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a catalyst on-line recovery method and a device used for a catalytic cracking device. The device which adopts a dry process sorting technology is composed of a conveying unit, a heat picking unit, a sorting recovery processing unit and a controlling unit, wherein the sorting recovery processing unit can selectively comprise a size grading device, a particle shaping device and a magnetic separator and internal recycling thereof. A catalyst which is picked out from an FCC device regenerator is transported to the sorting recovery processing unit after heat exchange treatment and cooling; a treated high metal agent enters a waste agent tank; a low metal agent is transported back to the device to be circulated. The present invention can effectively separate balancing agents with different heavy metal contents, and equilibrium catalysts are recovered and reutilized, which can save large numbers of fresh catalysts, reduce the unit consumption of an oil refining device, increase the total conversion of the FCC device and the yield of light oil, sufficiently, reasonably and effectively use the catalysts, greatly reduce productive cost, and achieve the aims of energy saving and environmental protection.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the petrochemical technology field, refer in particular to a kind of online recovery method of fluidized catalytic cracker (FCC) catalyzer and device that is used for refinery.
Background technology
At present, in the production process of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) device, inevitably to produce a large amount of spent catalyst.Catalyst consumption has become a main source of petroleum refining industry's cost.Therefore, how to reduce catalyzer unit consumption, save fresh dose consumption and improve the average pollution level of catalysis reserve and activity level has become problem demanding prompt solution in the petroleum refining industry.At this problem, domestic and international existing treatment process method comprises two classes at present: chemical method and physics method.
In chemical process, the ChemiCat technology of U.S.'s catalyst Co. and the DEMET technology of bay company are arranged more typically.Domestic certain institute once carried out the research and development of chemical method FCC spent catalyst demetal process in 1986, and had obtained certain progress.
Chemical process, obtained certain progress at effective aspects such as catalyzer heavy metal content, raising catalyst activity and selectivity that reduce, but because of it belongs to the category of wet processing, treating processes is influential to the rerum natura of catalyzer, and environment there is pollution, also bring new pending problem simultaneously, do not realize industrialization in the refinery at home so see it so far.
Physics method technology can be further divided into electromagnetic type and magneto two classes again.More representationally in electromagnetic type technology be " car bits spirrillum chymoplasm High-gradient Magnetic isolation technique " and " periodic vibration high-gradient magnetic separation technique ".More representational in magneto technology is that the MGNACAT technology of U.S. ASHLAND company and Japan National Oil Corporation (NOC) refine the CMS-RFCC technology that company (NPRC) develops cooperatively with Japan petroleum.
Physics method technology belongs to the dry method category, and its treating processes does not have influence to the catalyzer rerum natura, and environment is not had influence, does not have " three wastes " and produces, and belongs to " green " technology.But the electromagnetic type treatment process exists problems such as energy consumption height, security and poor stability, and being difficult at home equally, the refinery promotes.And the magneto treatment process along with making constant progress of permanent magnet material science in recent years, has shown out its Inherent advantage gradually especially, and has been introduced into the stage of commercialized running in the U.S., Japan and other countries rate.But because problems such as the feedstock property of China's oil refining industry, device situation and the U.S., Japan and other countries are different, have its own particularity, therefore, use this technology in China petroleum refining industry and can exist self inherent characteristics and approach.
It is reported that the Ni content of U.S.'s oil refining apparatus poiser is only up to 4058PPm.Compare with the U.S., Ni content height is the characteristics of crude oil in China, can't satisfy the processing needs of the high Ni content of domestic petroleum according to the technical scheme of the U.S., domestic high-gradient magnetic field at present also of no use separates the report of catalytic cracking poiser, and is used for the refinery FCC apparatus and also had never been realized in the technology of linearize catalyzer sorting recycling.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency in the background technology and a kind of method and apparatus that is used for the online recovery of refinery FCC apparatus catalyzer is provided.On the principle method, by high efficient heat exchanging, can accomplish in real time the high temperature equilibrium catalyst in the revivifier to be drawn off and enter treatment scheme, final treated catalyzer will be returned to and continue in the FCC apparatus to use.By size grading, particle shaping and treatment processs such as magnetic separation separates, can will separate by darker part of heavy metal contamination degree and more shallow part, and will be subjected to the more shallow part of heavy metal contamination degree (promptly low metal agent) to be reclaimed also and continue use in the return mechanism, remaining catalyst member (being high metal agent) will go out of use or be used for other technology that reclaims heavy metal.Wherein, can handle the high pollution poiser of heavy metal Ni content more than 5000ppm through the special magnetic selection method of optimizing and designing.By online in real time circular treatment, can realize the catalyst inventory of FCC apparatus is upgraded automatically also and can carry out dynamic regulation to its average activity level, heavy metal contamination level according to processing requirement to equilibrium catalyst.Final can improve the consumption of FCC apparatus total conversion rate, yield of light oil and reduction device catalyzer by using this technology method, and can be fully, reasonable, effectively utilize catalyzer, reduce production costs energy-conserving and environment-protective greatly.
The present invention realizes by an online circulation technology system that realizes monitoring automatically.Enter into the heat-obtaining unit after equilibrium catalyst comes out from revivifier, after moving down formula dense bed external warmer and two sections heat exchange of upflowing dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed external warmer, temperature is reduced to 80 ℃ from 700 ℃.Equilibrium catalyst enters into the sorting that is made of size grading machine, particle shaping device and magnetic plant or size grading machine and magnetic plant or magnetic plant and recycles the unit and carry out separating treatment then, the low metal agent that obtains after the separation enters into low metal agent jar, and high metal agent enters into high metal agent jar.Low metal agent in the low then metal agent jar will be returned to according to certain traffic requirement and continue in the FCC apparatus to use, and the high metal agent in the high metal agent jar will go out of use or be used for other technology that reclaims heavy metal.Can be optimized catalyst inventory activity distribution in the FCC apparatus by sorting recovery constantly and circular treatment, to obtain better average activity and selectivity.
The present invention is achieved in that
A kind of online recovery method of catalyzer that is used for catalytic cracking unit, it carries out continuously handling in linearize to refinery FCC apparatus catalyzer by high efficient heat exchanging and dry separation, it is characterized in that: can directly handle the high temperature equilibrium catalyst in the FCC apparatus revivifier, be particularly suitable for handling the high pollution equilibrium catalyst of heavy metal Ni content more than 5000ppm, processing by this processing method, can with contained in the above-mentioned poiser have greater activity and optionally catalyst member separate with the efficient of the best, reclaim, by the online circular treatment of catalyzer, the catalyst inventory that can finish FCC apparatus upgrades automatically also and can carry out dynamic regulation to its average activity level according to processing requirement simultaneously; This processing method comprises: enter supply unit after the equilibrium catalyst process heat-obtaining cell processing of taking out in the revivifier from FCC apparatus; Be delivered to sorting by supply unit again and recycle the unit; The high metal agent that obtains after sorting recycling cell processing will enter in the high metal agent jar and cushion and store; The low metal agent that obtains after sorting recycling cell processing is returned in the FCC apparatus by low metal agent jar and recycles, in order to substitute in the reserve aged catalyst member, the work of alternative part live catalyst is in order to reduce the unit consumption of FCC apparatus simultaneously; The operation of the whole online recycle system is monitored by control unit.
Wherein, sorting is reclaimed the unit and can be selected the cover of one in following equipment composition at least according to processing requirement: the powder material magnetic plant that can handle the above Ni content of 5000ppm; Or this magnetic plant and big scale particle diameter (30～60 μ m) stage equipment; Or this magnetic plant, this stage equipment and fluidized bed type particle shaping device.And can between these equipment, circulate by the catalyzer that comes in the supply unit.
Described heat-obtaining unit: the heat-obtaining unit is the two-part interchanger.First section heat exchange is for moving down formula dense bed external warmer, and the equilibrium catalyst that will be in the condition of high temperature (700 ℃) is reduced to 300～350 ℃.Second section heat exchange is upflowing dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed external warmer, and the equilibrium catalyst that continues 300～350 ℃ further is cooled to 80 ℃, to satisfy the operating requirement of subsequent treatment process.In first section heat transfer process, catalyzer is entered by the top that moves down formula dense bed external warmer, is discharged by the bottom, and bed is close phase.The bottom feeds fluidized wind, can increase the homogeneity and the flowability of bed, improves heat transfer efficiency.In second section heat transfer process, catalyzer enters in company with the bottom of carrying wind from upflowing dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed external warmer, is discharged by top, and bed is dilute phase.
No matter be to move down formula dense bed external warmer and upflowing dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed external warmer, by outer hull be fixed on its inner ailhead heat-transfer pipe and form.Every heat-transfer pipe is formed independently a water-vapour or a water-water cycle element by water inlet pipe and steam discharge pipe or water shoot.Ailhead heat-transfer pipe top is fixed on the housing cover head, and retractable can absorb the thermal expansion amount of heat-transfer pipe.Because every heat-transfer pipe is an absolute construction, can avoid under the prolonged operation, heat-transfer pipe is worn out and influence the operation of whole water cooler by catalyzer.
Owing to adopted two sections heat transfer technologies, can in first section heat transfer process, produce saturation steam, this saturation steam can be used in other technological process, has therefore reclaimed heat energy; Simultaneously, alleviated the consumption of the water coolant in second section heat transfer process again, avoided because the infringement that heat transfer temperature difference excessive (from 700 ℃ to 80 ℃) causes device structure.Two sections heat collectors and Column Layout are convenient to arrange in catalytic cracking unit and install.The inner walls of heat collector is lined with the thermostable heat insulation wear resistance lining, so abrasion resistance is good, and the life-span is long, can guarantee macrocyclic operation.Handle by two sections high efficient heat exchanging coolings, to lay the foundation for the online in real time circular treatment that realizes equilibrium catalyst, can realize the catalyst inventory of FCC apparatus is upgraded automatically and can carry out its average activity level, heavy metal contamination level according to processing requirement the function of dynamic regulation simultaneously.
Every heat-transfer pipe constitutes by parent tube, ailhead and interior pipe in the described ailhead heat-transfer pipe.Ailhead is staggered to be distributed on the parent tube surface, and perpendicular with the parent tube surface.Less than 25%, therefore, it had both kept granules of catalyst to the characteristics that parent tube (optical surface) conducts heat, and can bring into play the advantage of studded tube enhancement of heat transfer again to the fraction of coverage on parent tube surface in the ailhead cross section.
The treated pressurized air of pressure＜1.0MPa that described supply unit adopted, catalyzer in the FCC apparatus is carried, can guarantee in the delivery system catalyst flow can 10 tons/time in regulate arbitrarily, can finish storage, buffering and the conveying of catalyzer by processing requirement.
Described control unit can be according to the carry out dynamic monitoring of certain logical program to the activity of FCC apparatus catalyst inventory and heavy metal contamination level, and the material in the sorting recycling unit is distributed and circulation is controlled.
A kind of online retrieving arrangement of catalyzer that is used for catalytic cracking unit, it mainly comprises: heat-obtaining unit, supply unit, sorting recycling unit and control unit is characterized in that: control unit is connected with revivifier, heat-obtaining unit, supply unit, sorting recycling unit respectively; Low metal agent jar is connected with revivifier with sorting recycling unit respectively; High metal agent jar is connected with sorting recycling unit.
Wherein, described sorting recycles the unit and selects the cover of one in following equipment composition at least: the powder material magnetic plant that can handle the above Ni content of 5000ppm; Or this magnetic plant and big scale particle diameter (30～60 μ m) stage equipment; Or this magnetic plant, this stage equipment and fluidized bed type particle shaping device.And can between these equipment, circulate by the catalyzer that comes in the supply unit.
Described magnetic plant mainly comprises: feed distributor, live roll, conveying belt, magnetic roller, spreader plate and lower feed box; Feed distributor adopts oscillatory type or roller mode, and catalyzer is uniformly distributed on the conveying belt; Catalyzer runs to the magnetic roller by conveying belt and carries out the magnetic force sorting; Cutting agency is made up of spreader plate and lower feed box, and distribution box by a plurality of division plates separately.
Rotating speed in the described magnetic plant can be: step-less adjustment between 10RPM～300RPM.
Described magnetic roller is made up of no core axis, no magnetic thread ending cover, ring-like conductive magnetic yoke sheet and ring-like rare earth permanent magnet kicker magnet; Wherein, ring-like conductive magnetic yoke sheet and alternate being staggered of ring-like rare earth permanent magnet kicker magnet, no core axis is passed from two kinds of ring centre holes, and two ends are fixed by no magnetic thread ending cover.
The invention has the advantages that:
Since the present invention's different equilibrium catalyst of separating beavy metal content effectively, equilibrium catalyst by sorting after, a little less than a part of magnetic strength, be subjected to that the heavy metal contamination degree is light, activity and selectivity preferably poiser (promptly hanging down metal agent) can reuse; Another part magnetic strength is strong, be subjected to that the heavy metal contamination degree is heavy, activity and the relatively poor poiser (being high metal agent) of selectivity then can go out of use or be used as the technology that other reclaims heavy metal.Save a large amount of live catalysts for catalytic cracking (FCC) device so on the one hand, greatly reduced production cost; On the other hand, online in real time circular treatment by equilibrium catalyst, can realize the catalyst inventory of FCC apparatus is upgraded automatically also and can carry out dynamic regulation to its average activity level, heavy metal contamination level according to processing requirement, may ultimately reach the purpose that improves its device total conversion rate and purpose product yield, this will bring huge economic benefit for petrochemical enterprise.
Cover catalytic cracking unit with certain petro-chemical corporation is an example: its annual working ability is 800,000 tons, and the oil refining catalyst unit consumption is 1.2 kilograms/ton.According to the condition of production of device, initiatively unload dosage and reach 480 tons every year.If this technology of employing, about about 50% initiatively draw off poiser and can be reclaimed and be reused by sorting, and then every year can save about 240 tons of live catalyst, by 20,000 yuan of calculating of market price of live catalyst per ton, so just saved about 4,800,000 yuan catalyzer cost every year for device.By aforementioned calculation, after the catalytic cracking unit of this petro-chemical corporation adopts the present invention, only need the time in about 1 year, the acquisition expenses of a promptly recoverable cover native system.
Cover surplus the existing heavy oil catalytically cracking equipment about 70 of China, about about 5,000 ten thousand tons of annual working ability.The average catalyst unit consumption of these devices is 0.9-1.2 kilogram/ton, and conservative estimation wherein about 50% is for initiatively unloading agent, and then annual is 2～2.5 ten thousand tons owing to initiatively unloading the catalyzer consumption that agent causes.If application the present invention, 50% recycling with the useless poiser that initiatively draws off, then will save live catalyst about 1～1.25 ten thousand ton/every year, by fresh dose of 20,000 yuans of calculating per ton, then only this item can be promptly that petroleum chemical industry is annual saves 2～2.5 hundred million yuans.
Simultaneously, FCC apparatus is after having adopted this technology, and important technology indexs such as the yield of purpose products such as its lightweight oil and liquefied gas and total conversion rate will have and significantly increase substantially, thereby brings huge economic benefit for the China's oil chemical industry.
In addition, this technology adopts dry process technology, does not have any pollution, and is environmentally friendly, can effectively reduce the landfill expense of discarded catalyzer again, and saves land resources.Simultaneously, the present invention also has low power consuming, the characteristics that process cost is cheap.Therefore, energy-conserving and environment-protective of the present invention and social benefit also are fairly obvious.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: be technological process block-diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2: be system and device structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 3: be magnetic roller assembly structure synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 a, Fig. 4 b: for magnetic roller A～A of the present invention to view.
Fig. 5: be the unitary structural representation of heat-obtaining of the present invention.
Fig. 6 a, Fig. 6 b: be ailhead heat-transfer pipe synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of online recovery method of catalyzer that is used for catalytic cracking unit, it carries out continuously handling in linearize to refinery FCC apparatus catalyzer by high efficient heat exchanging and dry separation, and it is the online recycle system that can upgrade and according to processing requirement its average activity level be carried out dynamic regulation to the FCC apparatus catalyst inventory automatically.This method comprises: the equilibrium catalyst that takes out in the revivifier 1 from FCC apparatus enters supply unit 3 after handling through heat-obtaining unit 2; Be delivered to sorting by supply unit 3 again and recycle unit 4; The high metal agent that obtains after sorting recycling unit 4 is handled will enter in the high metal agent jar 10 and cushion and store; The low metal agent that obtains after sorting recycling unit 4 is handled is returned by low metal agent jar 9 and carries out operation cycle in the revivifier 1, in order to substitute in the reserve aged catalyst member, the work of alternative part live catalyst is in order to reduce the unit consumption of FCC apparatus simultaneously.The operation of the whole online recycle system is monitored by control unit 5.
Wherein, sorting is reclaimed unit 4 and can be selected the cover of one in following equipment composition at least according to processing requirement: the powder material magnetic plant 6 that can handle the above Ni content of 5000ppm; Or this magnetic plant 6 and big scale particle diameter (30～60 μ m) stage equipment 7; Or this magnetic plant 6, this stage equipment 7 and fluidized bed type particle shaping device 8, and can between these three kinds of equipment, circulate by the catalyzer that comes in the supply unit 3.
Referring to the left side structural representation among Fig. 2, the workflow of prior art is:
The liquid starting material that has more metal enters into and aims at cracking and carry out scission reaction with riser tube 11; React needed equilibrium catalyst from inclined tube 13; Reaction product (gas, gasoline, diesel oil etc.) flow in the reacting-settler 12 in the same way with the coke heavy metal that is deposited on the catalyzer; Reaction product is separated with the equilibrium catalyst that has heavy metal and coke in 12; Reaction product comes out to separate to follow-up from 12 top again; Catalyzer then enters into revivifier 1 by 14 inclined tubes; Coke in revivifier 1 on the equilibrium catalyst with burn from 15 air, big under 700-750 ℃ temperature condition, the coke that is deposited on the catalyzer is oxidized to carbonic acid gas or carbon monoxide, activity of such catalysts is recovered, but be deposited on heavy metal on the catalyzer such as Ni, V, Fe still covers on the catalyzer, this catalyzer is got back to riser tube 11 again by 13 inclined tubes; Week and to be deposited on the catalyzer metal toward ground return more and more more constantly increases reaction product selectivity variation and gaseous hydrogen, makes to react cracking and be difficult to carry out.
The present invention utilizes a kind of special method incessantly the metal content in the revivifier 1 higher catalyzer and the less catalyst separating of content to be come, and what content was high eliminates from device; Being recycled in the revivifier 1 that content is less gone.
The workflow of system and device of the present invention is:
As shown in Figure 2, the partial equilibrium catalyzer flows in the catalyzer heat-obtaining unit 2 through inclined tube 16 from revivifier 1, and the flow of catalyzer is regulated by control valve 16.In heat-obtaining unit 2, catalyzer at first enters into and moves down formula dense bed external warmer 22, water coolant enters external warmer 22 by pipeline 19, through the catalyzer after the preliminary cooling via pipe 23 and under by the pipe 24 conveying wind actions that enter, enter in the upflowing dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed external warmer 25, water coolant becomes saturation steam and is discharged by pipeline 18 after heat exchange; The catalyzer that enters into upflowing dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed external warmer enters into cyclonic separator 29 through after the further heat exchange by valve 28, and water coolant is entered by valve 26 after discharged by valve 27 after the heat exchange.Through cyclonic separator 29 catalyzer and flue gas separately (are contained and carry the used air of catalyzer); Flue gas and air are gone to large flue by device emptying from pipeline 31; Catalyzer then enters into catalyzer basin 32; Catalyzer material level variation in the basin 32 is guaranteed by control valve 33; The effect of catalyzer surge tank 34 is the stability that guarantees to enter into sorting recycling unit 4 catalyst flows; Control valve 35 is used for regulating the flow that catalyzer enters sorting recycling unit 4.
Size grading equipment 7 can carry out the particle diameter cutting to catalyst particle according to certain particle diameter boundary by processing requirement; Particle shaping device 8 can carry out controllable finishing to the profile of catalyst particle by certain processing requirement; Magnetic plant 6 is the distributed allocation device, and it evenly enters on the conveying belt 38 of magnetic plant catalyzer; Catalyzer advances in the direction of conveying belt 38 upper edge magnetic separation magnetic rollers 39; Catalyzer is through magnetic roller 39 time, because magnetic force and action of centrifugal force make the less catalyzer of containing metal enter into lower feed box 42, just often this part catalyzer returns in the revivifier 1 through valve 47, valve 17; And the higher spent catalyst of containing metal flows in the lower feed box 41.Recyclable heavy metal after this part catalyzer flows through valve 46 and manages 49 carrying devices under the standard state.
Catalyst particle capable of circulation flowing in size grading equipment 7, particle shaping device 8 and magnetic plant 6 above each several parts in this flow process is up to the processing requirement that reaches device.
The recovery ratio of catalyzer can be monitored by weighing system 45,48.
For guaranteeing that the catalyzer that sorting recycling unit 4 is handled does not produce leakage, be provided with the represented little negative pressure value space of long and short dash line frame among the figure, its negative pressure value is finished by vacuum pump 50.
As shown in Figure 5, described heat-obtaining unit 2: the heat-obtaining unit is the two-part interchanger.First section heat exchange is for moving down formula dense bed external warmer 22, and the equilibrium catalyst that will be in the condition of high temperature (700 ℃) is reduced to 300～350 ℃; Second section heat exchange is upflowing dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed external warmer 25, and the equilibrium catalyst that continues 300～350 ℃ further is cooled to 80 ℃ to normal temperature, to satisfy the operating requirement of subsequent treatment process.In first section heat transfer process, catalyzer is entered by the top that moves down formula dense bed external warmer, is discharged by the bottom, and bed is close phase.The bottom feeds fluidized wind, can increase the homogeneity and the flowability of bed, improves heat transfer efficiency.In second section heat transfer process, catalyzer enters in company with the bottom of carrying wind from upflowing dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed external warmer, is discharged by top, and bed is dilute phase.
Move down formula dense bed external warmer 22 and upflowing dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed external warmer 25, by outer hull 22-2 be fixed on its inner ailhead heat-transfer pipe 20 and form.Every heat-transfer pipe is formed independently a water-vapour or a water-water cycle element by water inlet pipe and steam discharge pipe (or water shoot).Ailhead heat-transfer pipe 20 tops are fixed on the housing cover head, and retractable can absorb the thermal expansion amount of heat-transfer pipe; Every heat-transfer pipe is an absolute construction, and having avoided under the prolonged operation, heat-transfer pipe is worn out and influence the operation of whole water cooler by catalyzer.
Quantity and total heat interchanging area of ailhead heat-transfer pipe 20 are depended in the setting of concrete cooling temperature.
The equilibrium catalyst that comes out from revivifier 1 in the described heat-obtaining unit 2 at first enters via feeding mouth 22-3 from the mode of slipping with gravity and moves down formula dense bed external warmer 22, carries out heat exchange between catalyzer and the ailhead heat-transfer pipe 20 in housing 22-2; In heat transfer process, water coolant is entered by the cooling water inlet 22-4 of ailhead heat-transfer pipe 20, undergoes phase transition after heat exchange, and the steam drain 22-5 that becomes behind the steam by ailhead heat-transfer pipe 20 discharges; Under the effect of the catalyzer after the heat exchange, enter into upflowing dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed external warmer 25, in this process, rely on the fluidized wind that enters by inlet 22-1 that catalyzer is become flexible, to prevent the mobile phenomenon of blocking of catalyzer via pipe 23 at gravity; The catalyzer that enters upflowing dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed external warmer 25 under castering action by the conveying wind of carrying wind inlet 25-1 to enter, enter into housing 25-2 and and ailhead heat-transfer pipe 20 between carry out heat exchange; In heat transfer process, water coolant is entered by the cooling water inlet 25-3 of ailhead heat-transfer pipe 20, and the water port 25-4 by ailhead heat-transfer pipe 20 after heat exchange discharges; Carrying under the wind action through the catalyzer after the heat exchange, leaving heat-obtaining unit 2, continuing to enter into the follow up device of back via discharge port 25-5.
As shown in Figure 6, every heat-transfer pipe in the described ailhead heat-transfer pipe 20 constitutes by parent tube 20-1, ailhead 20-2 and interior pipe 20-3.Ailhead is staggered to be distributed on the parent tube surface, and perpendicular with the parent tube surface.Less than 25%, therefore, it had both kept granules of catalyst to the characteristics that parent tube (optical surface) conducts heat, and can bring into play the advantage of studded tube enhancement of heat transfer again to the fraction of coverage on parent tube surface in the ailhead cross section.
Described supply unit 3: be that employing pressure is that treated pressurized air is carried the catalyzer in the device in the 1.0MPa, can guarantee in the delivery system catalyst flow can 10 tons/time in regulate arbitrarily, finish storage, the buffering and conveying of catalyzer by processing requirement.
Described sorting recycling unit: be optionally to form by the powder material magnetic plant 6 that can handle the above Ni content of 5000ppm, big scale particle diameter (30～60 μ m) stage equipment 7 and fluidized bed type particle shaping device 8, can regulate the rate of recovery by the device technique requirement, and it is mobile to form internal recycling at these equipment rooms.
Described magnetic plant 6: mainly comprise feed distributor 36, live roll 37, conveying belt 38, magnetic roller 39, spreader plate 40 and lower feed box 41,42.Wherein, feed distributor 36 adopts oscillatory type or roller mode that catalyzer is uniformly distributed on the conveying belt 38; Catalyzer runs to magnetic roller 39 by conveying belt 38 and carries out magnetic separation, its rotating speed can 10RPM～300RPM between step-less adjustment; Cutting agency is made up of spreader plate 40 and lower feed box 41 and 42, and distribution box by a plurality of division plates separately.
Shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 a, Fig. 4 b, described magnetic roller 39 is made up of no core axis 39-1, no magnetic thread ending cover 39-2, ring-like conductive magnetic yoke sheet 39-3 and ring-like rare earth permanent magnet kicker magnet 39-4; Wherein, ring-like conductive magnetic yoke sheet and alternate being staggered of ring-like rare earth permanent magnet kicker magnet, no core axis is passed from two kinds of ring centre holes, and two ends are fixed by no magnetic thread ending cover.
Described control unit 5, its function comprises: the material to sorting recycling inside, unit distributes and cycle control; Automatic monitoring to the activity and the heavy metal contamination level of FCC apparatus catalyst inventory; And adjust steering logic programs such as the catalyzer sorting rate of recovery accordingly.
Claims (14)
1, a kind of online recovery method of catalyzer that is used for catalytic cracking unit, it carries out continuously handling in linearize to refinery fluidized catalytic cracker catalyzer by high efficient heat exchanging and dry separation, it is characterized in that: can directly handle the high temperature equilibrium catalyst in the fluidized catalytic cracker revivifier, be particularly suitable for handling the high pollution equilibrium catalyst of heavy metal Ni content more than 5000ppm, processing by this processing method, can with contained in the above-mentioned poiser have greater activity and optionally catalyst member separate with the efficient of the best, reclaim, by the online circular treatment of catalyzer, the catalyst inventory that can finish fluidized catalytic cracker upgrades automatically also and can carry out dynamic regulation to its average activity level according to processing requirement simultaneously; It comprises:
(a), the equilibrium catalyst that takes out in the revivifier from fluidized catalytic cracker (1) enters supply unit (3) after handling through heat-obtaining unit (2); Be delivered to sorting recycling unit (4) by supply unit (3) again; The high metal agent that obtains after sorting recycling unit (4) is handled will enter in the high metal agent jar (10) and cushion and store; The low metal agent that obtains after sorting recycling unit (4) is handled is returned in the revivifier (1) by low metal agent jar (9) and carries out operation cycle, in order to substitute in the reserve aged catalyst member, the work moon of alternative part live catalyst is to reduce the unit consumption of fluidized catalytic cracker simultaneously;
(b), sorting reclaims unit (4), can select the cover of one in the following equipment to form at least according to processing requirement: the powder material magnetic plant (6) that can handle the above Ni content of 5000ppm; Or this magnetic plant (6) and big scale particle diameter 30～60 μ m stage equipments (7); Or this magnetic plant (6), this stage equipment (7) and fluidized bed type particle shaping device (8); And can between these equipment, circulate by the catalyzer that comes in the supply unit (3);
(c), heat-obtaining unit (2) are the two-part interchanger:
First section: for moving down formula dense bed external warmer (22), it is that the equilibrium catalyst that is in the condition of high temperature is reduced to 300～350 ℃; Catalyzer is entered by the top that moves down formula dense bed external warmer, is discharged by the bottom, and bed is close phase, and the bottom feeds fluidized wind; Increase the homogeneity and the flowability of bed, improve heat transfer efficiency;
Second section: be upflowing dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed external warmer (25), the equilibrium catalyst that it continues 300～350 ℃ further is cooled to 80 ℃ to normal temperature, to satisfy the operating requirement of subsequent treatment process; Catalyzer enters in company with the bottom of carrying wind from upflowing dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed external warmer, is discharged by top, and bed is dilute phase.
(d), the operation of whole online process system is monitored by control unit (5), it carries out dynamic monitoring according to certain logical program to the activity and the heavy metal contamination level of fluidized catalytic cracker catalyst inventory, and material distribution and circulation in the sorting recycling unit are controlled.
2, the online recovery method of catalyzer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described formula dense bed external warmer (22) and the upflowing dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed external warmer (25) of moving down, by outer hull (22-2) be fixed on its inner ailhead heat-transfer pipe (20) and form; Wherein, every heat-transfer pipe is formed independently a water-vapour or a water-water cycle element by water inlet pipe and steam discharge pipe or water shoot; Ailhead heat-transfer pipe (20) top is fixed on the housing cover head, and retractable can absorb the thermal expansion amount of heat-transfer pipe; Every heat-transfer pipe is an absolute construction.
3, the online recovery method of catalyzer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described formula dense bed external warmer (22) and upflowing dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed external warmer (25) and the Column Layout of moving down: and be lined with the thermostable heat insulation wear resistance lining in its inner walls.
4, the online recovery method of catalyzer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the equilibrium catalyst that from revivifier (1), comes out in the described heat-obtaining unit (2), at first, in the mode of gravity from slide, enter via feeding mouth (22-3) and to move down formula dense bed external warmer (22), in housing (22-2), carry out heat exchange between catalyzer and the ailhead heat-transfer pipe (20); In heat transfer process, water coolant is entered by the cooling water inlet (22-4) of ailhead heat-transfer pipe (20), undergoes phase transition after heat exchange, becomes behind the steam to be discharged by the steam drain (22-5) of ailhead heat-transfer pipe (20); Under the effect of the catalyzer after the heat exchange at gravity, enter into upflowing dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed external warmer (25) via pipe (23), in this process, rely on the fluidized wind that enters by inlet (22-1) that catalyzer is become flexible, to prevent the mobile phenomenon of blocking of catalyzer; The catalyzer that enters upflowing dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed external warmer (25) under castering action by the conveying wind of carrying wind inlet (25-1) to enter, enter into housing (25-2) and and ailhead heat-transfer pipe (20) between carry out heat exchange; In heat transfer process, water coolant is entered by the cooling water inlet (25-3) of ailhead heat-transfer pipe (20), is discharged by the water port (25-4) of ailhead heat-transfer pipe (20) after heat exchange; Carrying under the wind action through the catalyzer after the heat exchange, leaving heat-obtaining unit (2), continuing to enter into the follow up device of back via discharge port (25-5).
5, the online recovery method of catalyzer according to claim 2 is characterized in that: every heat-transfer pipe in the described ailhead heat-transfer pipe (20) constitutes by parent tube (20-1), ailhead (20-2) and interior pipe (20-3); And it is staggered parent tube (20-1) surface that is distributed on of ailhead, and perpendicular with parent tube (20-1) surface; The ailhead cross section to the fraction of coverage on parent tube (20-1) surface less than 25%.
6, the online recovery method of catalyzer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: pressure (the treated pressurized air of 1.0MPa that described supply unit (3) is adopted, catalyzer in the fluidized catalytic cracker is carried, can guarantee in the delivery system catalyst flow can 10 tons/time in regulate arbitrarily, can finish storage, buffering and the conveying of catalyzer by processing requirement.
7, a kind of online retrieving arrangement of catalyzer that is used for catalytic cracking unit, it mainly comprises: heat-obtaining unit (2), supply unit (3), sorting recycling unit (4) and control unit (5) is characterized in that: control unit (5) is connected with revivifier (1), heat-obtaining unit (2), supply unit (3), sorting recycling unit (4) respectively; Low metal agent jar (9) is connected with revivifier (1) with sorting recycling unit (4) respectively; High metal agent jar (10) is connected with sorting recycling unit (4); Heat-obtaining unit (2) comprises that moving down formula dense bed external warmer (20) is connected with revivifier (1), supply unit (3) and branch network selection receipts processing units (4) respectively with upflowing dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed external warmer (25); The operation of whole online process system is monitored by control unit (5);
Wherein, described sorting recycling unit (4) selects the cover of one in the following equipment to form at least, and it comprises: the powder material magnetic plant (6) that can handle the above Ni content of 5000ppm; Or this magnetic plant (6) and big scale particle diameter 30～60 μ m stage equipments (7); Or (6), this stage equipment (7) and fluidized bed type particle shaping device (8) are fully sent out in this magnetic separation; And can between these equipment, reciprocation cycle flow by the catalyzer that comes in the supply unit (3).
8, the online retrieving arrangement of catalyzer according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described magnetic plant (6) mainly comprises: feed distributor (36), live roll (37), conveying belt (38), magnetic roller (39), spreader plate (40) and lower feed box (41), (42); Wherein, feed distributor (36) adopts oscillatory type or roller mode, and catalyzer is uniformly distributed on the conveying belt (38); Catalyzer runs to magnetic roller (39) by conveying belt (38) and carries out the magnetic force sorting: cutting agency is made up of spreader plate (40) and lower feed box (41) and (42), and distribution box by a plurality of division plates separately.
9, the online retrieving arrangement of catalyzer according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the rotating speed in the described magnetic plant (6) is: step-less adjustment between 10RPM～300RPM.
10, the online retrieving arrangement of catalyzer according to claim 7 is characterized in that: described magnetic roller (39) is made up of no core axis (39-1), no magnetic thread ending cover (39-2), ring-like conductive magnetic yoke sheet (39-3) and ring-like rare earth hydromagnetic kicker magnet (39-4); Wherein, ring-like conductive magnetic yoke sheet (39-3) and alternate being staggered of ring-like rare earth permanent magnet kicker magnet (39-4), no core axis (39-1) is passed from two kinds of ring centre holes, and two ends are fixing by no magnetic thread ending cover (39-2).
11, the online retrieving arrangement of catalyzer according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: described formula dense bed external warmer (22) and the upflowing dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed external warmer (25) of moving down, by outer hull (22-2) be fixed on its inner ailhead heat-transfer pipe (20) and form; Wherein, every heat-transfer pipe is formed independently a water-vapour or a water-water cycle element by water inlet pipe and steam discharge pipe or water shoot; Ailhead heat-transfer pipe (20) top is fixed on the housing cover head, and retractable can absorb the thermal expansion amount of heat-transfer pipe; Every heat-transfer pipe is an absolute construction.
12, the online retrieving arrangement of catalyzer according to claim 11 is characterized in that: every heat-transfer pipe in the described ailhead heat-transfer pipe (20) constitutes by parent tube (20-1), ailhead (20-2) and interior pipe (20-3); And it is staggered parent tube (20-1) surface that is distributed on of ailhead, and perpendicular with parent tube (20-1) surface; The ailhead cross section to the fraction of coverage on parent tube (20-1) surface less than 25%.
13, the online retrieving arrangement of catalyzer according to claim 8 is characterized in that: described formula dense bed external warmer (22) and upflowing dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed external warmer (25) and the Column Layout of moving down; And be lined with the thermostable heat insulation wear resistance lining in its inner walls.
14, the online retrieving arrangement of catalyzer according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: the equilibrium catalyst that from revivifier (1), comes out in the described heat-obtaining unit (2), at first enter via feeding mouth (22-3) from the mode of slipping and move down formula dense bed external warmer (22), in housing (22-2), carry out heat exchange between catalyzer and the ailhead heat-transfer pipe (20) with gravity; In heat transfer process, water coolant is entered by the cooling water inlet (22-4) of ailhead heat-transfer pipe (20), undergoes phase transition after heat exchange, becomes behind the steam to be discharged by the steam drain (22-5) of ailhead heat-transfer pipe (20); Under the effect of the catalyzer after the heat exchange, enter into upflowing dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed external warmer (25) via pipe (23) at gravity, in this process, dependence is become flexible catalyzer by the fluidized wind that inlet (22-1) enters, to prevent the mobile phenomenon of blocking of catalyzer; The catalyzer that enters upflowing dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed external warmer (25) under castering action by the conveying wind of carrying wind inlet (25-1) to enter, enter into housing (25-2) and and ailhead heat-transfer pipe (20) between carry out heat exchange; In heat transfer process, water coolant is entered by the cooling water inlet (25-3) of ailhead heat-transfer pipe (20), through discharging by the water port (25-4) of ailhead heat-transfer pipe (20) after the heat exchange: carrying under the wind action through the catalyzer after the heat exchange, leave heat-obtaining unit (2) via discharge port (25-5), continue to enter into the follow up device of back.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03109843 CN1245482C (en) | 2002-04-15 | 2003-04-15 | Catalyst on line recovery method and device used for catalytic cracking equipment |
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| CN02116618.8 | 2002-04-15 | ||
| CN 02116618 CN1405274A (en) | 2002-04-15 | 2002-04-15 | Catalyst on-line magnetic treating method of fluidized catalytic cracker for oil refinery |
| CN 03109843 CN1245482C (en) | 2002-04-15 | 2003-04-15 | Catalyst on line recovery method and device used for catalytic cracking equipment |
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| CN1245482C true CN1245482C (en) | 2006-03-15 |
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Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP2008726B1 (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2013-08-14 | Eurecat Sa. | Colour sorting of catalyst or adsorbent particles |
| CN101168137A (en) * | 2007-12-10 | 2008-04-30 | 北京立诚石化技术有限公司 | System and method for regenerating reactivating and recovering FCC balance catalyst |
| FR2939693B1 (en) * | 2008-12-16 | 2011-12-23 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | NOVEL METHOD FOR RECOVERING CO2 FROM REGENERATION FLOWS OF A CATALYTIC CRACKING UNIT |
| CN102229815B (en) * | 2011-05-24 | 2014-03-26 | 卓润生 | Method for preparing low carbon olefin by deep catalytic cracking of inferior oil |
| CN102950033B (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2014-07-02 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method and apparatus for rapidly stabilizing catalyst activity by heavy fuel oil |
| CN102382673A (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2012-03-21 | 北京立诚石化技术有限公司 | Device and method for online selectively discharging, regenerating and recycling equilibrium catalyst |
| CN103157479B (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2014-12-17 | 山东辰昊化工有限公司 | Regeneration method of vanadium-containing waste catalytic cracking balance agent |
| CN102836699A (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2012-12-26 | 北京立诚石化技术有限公司 | Regenerating and recycling system and method for S-Zorb waste absorbing agent |
| CN108798799A (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2018-11-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Flue gas turbine expander method of scale inhibition based on the online magnetic separation technique of catalyst |
| CN111167384B (en) * | 2020-02-19 | 2024-06-25 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Fluidized bed partition heat exchange regeneration coupling device |
| CN118788248B (en) * | 2024-09-12 | 2025-02-07 | 中国天辰工程有限公司 | A catalytic cracking unit feeding system and feeding method |
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