CN113976816A - Green-type casting clay molding sand auxiliary material capable of reducing pollution emission, preparation method of green-type casting clay molding sand auxiliary material and molding sand - Google Patents
Green-type casting clay molding sand auxiliary material capable of reducing pollution emission, preparation method of green-type casting clay molding sand auxiliary material and molding sand Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/02—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/02—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives
- B22C1/04—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives for protection of the casting, e.g. against decarbonisation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/02—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives
- B22C1/14—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives for separating the pattern from the mould
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
- B22C5/04—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose by grinding, blending, mixing, kneading, or stirring
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
- B22C5/04—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose by grinding, blending, mixing, kneading, or stirring
- B22C5/0409—Blending, mixing, kneading or stirring; Methods therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
- B22C5/06—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose by sieving or magnetic separating
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Abstract
本申请公开了一种降低污染排放的湿型铸造黏土型砂辅料及其制备方法和型砂，属于铸造造型材料技术领域。一种降低污染排放的湿型铸造黏土型砂辅料，包括以下质量百分比的组分：钠基膨润土55‑85wt％、α–淀粉2‑10wt％、活性炭10‑20wt％、兰炭2‑10wt％和电炉熔炼粉尘1‑5wt％。铸造过程不会产生有毒和有污染的气体，铸造后无需添加新砂和煤粉，直接将该辅料添加到旧砂中便可进行下一批铸造，确保型砂性能优良的同时减少废砂排放，提高旧砂的回用率。The application discloses a wet mold foundry clay molding sand auxiliary material with reduced pollution discharge, a preparation method and molding sand thereof, and belongs to the technical field of foundry molding materials. A wet casting clay molding sand auxiliary material for reducing pollution emissions, comprising the following components by mass percentage: sodium bentonite 55-85wt%, alpha-starch 2-10wt%, activated carbon 10-20wt%, blue carbon 2-10wt% and Electric furnace smelting dust 1‑5wt%. The casting process will not produce toxic and polluting gases. After casting, there is no need to add new sand and pulverized coal. The auxiliary materials can be directly added to the old sand for the next batch of casting. The recycling rate of used sand.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a green-type casting clay molding sand auxiliary material capable of reducing pollution discharge, a preparation method thereof and molding sand, and belongs to the technical field of casting molding materials.
Background
The casting yield of China is about more than 50% of the world casting yield, and 80% of castings are produced by sand casting. About 70% of the production cost of the casting and more than 50% of the quality problem of the casting are related to molding materials. At present, the coal powder clay sand widely used at home and abroad is cast by adding a part of new sand into old sand and then mixing the new sand with bentonite and coal powder, molding sand prepared by directly using the bentonite, the coal powder and the raw sand has low strength and poor toughness, and the addition amount of the new sand, the bentonite and the coal powder is large, the reuse rate of the old sand is low, and the discharge amount of waste sand is large. Although the casting method has the advantages of low material cost, good sand adhesion preventing effect and high production efficiency, the consumption is high and the black pollution is serious. The coal powder has poor quality stability, is easy to raise dust, and seriously deteriorates the labor condition and the environmental sanitation; the coal powder can emit unpleasant smell during pouring, a great deal of dense smoke is emitted, and the smoke contains a great deal of harmful gases such as dioxin, which causes great harm to human bodies. Casting is used as a basic industry for industrial development, and energy consumption and environmental pollution are also key points of national governance. The environmental protection department sets out the emission standard of the atmospheric pollutants in the casting industry, and the emission limit value, the monitoring and the supervision and management requirements of the atmospheric pollutants in the casting industry are specified in detail. The China foundry Association has already established and issued the group standard of the emission limit of atmospheric pollutants in the foundry industry, and has implemented and closed the foundry enterprises which destroy resources, have high pollution and high energy consumption. The traditional casting material is difficult to meet the emission energy-saving requirement, so that a large number of casting enterprises are limited in production and stopped in production.
Therefore, the addition of no coal powder is a consensus of casting technicians, and how to improve the performance of the molding sand and reduce the emission of waste sand and waste gas in the casting process is an urgent problem to be solved in the molding sand casting industry.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the green type casting clay molding sand auxiliary material capable of reducing pollution emission, the preparation method thereof and the molding sand, coal powder is not added, toxic and polluted gas is not generated in the casting process, new sand is not required to be added after casting, the auxiliary material can be directly added into old sand for next batch of casting, the excellent performance of the molding sand is ensured, the emission of waste sand is reduced, and the reuse rate of the old sand is improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the green type casting clay molding sand auxiliary material for reducing pollution emission comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 55-85 wt% of sodium bentonite, 2-10 wt% of alpha-starch, 10-20 wt% of activated carbon, 2-10 wt% of semi-coke and 1-5 wt% of electric furnace smelting dust.
Preferably, the auxiliary material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 75 wt% of sodium bentonite, 4 wt% of alpha-starch, 10 wt% of activated carbon, 8 wt% of semi-coke and 3 wt% of electric furnace smelting dust.
Preferably, more than 95 wt% of the mass of the sodium bentonite passes through a 200-mesh sieve, and the colloid value is more than 99mL/15 g.
Preferably, more than 95 wt% of the mass of the alpha-starch passes through a 100-mesh sieve, and the gelatinization degree is more than 96%.
Preferably, more than 95 wt% of the mass of the activated carbon passes through a 200-mesh sieve, and the content of the fixed carbon in the activated carbon is more than 75 wt%.
Preferably, more than 95 wt% of the semi-coke mass passes through a sieve with 140 meshes, and the fixed carbon content in the semi-coke is more than 75 wt%.
Preferably, the electric furnace smelting dust comprises the following components in percentage by mass: fe3O4 15-30wt％，Zr3O 5-10wt％，ZnO 20-30wt％，ZnCuTiO410-20 wt% and Fe2ZnO4 10-20wt％。
According to another aspect of the application, a method for preparing green-type foundry clay molding sand auxiliary materials capable of reducing pollutant discharge is provided, which comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing and grinding the activated carbon and the semi-coke, and respectively sieving the crushed and ground activated carbon and the semi-coke by a 200-mesh sieve and a 140-mesh sieve;
(2) puffing and crushing peeled corn, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain alpha-starch;
(3) mixing the activated carbon, the semi-coke, the alpha-starch, the sodium bentonite and electric furnace smelting dust, and uniformly stirring to obtain the wet type casting clay molding sand auxiliary material for reducing pollution emission.
According to another aspect of the application, a green type casting clay molding sand for reducing pollutant discharge is provided, including any of the above green type casting clay molding sand auxiliary material for reducing pollutant discharge, with the major ingredient that the green type casting clay molding sand auxiliary material for reducing pollutant discharge used in cooperation includes the following components by mass percent: 5-7 wt% of bentonite, 2.8-4 wt% of water and the balance of silica sand.
Preferably, the addition amount of the green type casting clay molding sand auxiliary material for reducing pollution emission accounts for 0.5-1.5 wt% of the main material.
Benefits of the present application include, but are not limited to:
1. according to the green type casting clay molding sand auxiliary material for reducing pollution emission, new sand does not need to be added after casting, the auxiliary material is directly added into old sand to carry out next batch of casting, so that the waste sand emission is reduced while the molding sand performance is excellent, the reuse rate of the old sand is improved, the sand resources are fully utilized, and the production cost is obviously reduced; sodium bentonite, alpha-starch, activated carbon, semi-coke and electric furnace smelting dust are added into the used sand, and pulverized coal is not required to be added, so that the molding sand has high strength and toughness, and toxic and polluted gas is not generated in the casting process.
2. In the green type casting clay molding sand auxiliary material capable of reducing pollution emission, the alpha-starch can improve the hot-wet tensile strength of the molding sand, gaps are generated after the alpha-starch on the surface of a casting mold is combusted, the thermal expansion of silica sand can be buffered, and the sand inclusion resistance of the molding sand is greatly improved; the alpha-starch can reduce the friction between the molding sand and the pattern and improve the drawing property of the molding sand; the alpha-starch obviously reduces the sensitivity of the green sand to moisture, reduces the water content of the green sand, improves the compaction rate of the green sand, improves the air drying resistance of the green sand, and reduces the sand washing defect of castings.
3. The green type casting clay molding sand auxiliary material capable of reducing pollution emission contains the activated carbon, the activated carbon is mixed into the molding sand, the performance of the molding sand can be improved, casting waste gas is absorbed during pouring, the activated carbon can be absorbed before the casting waste gas is discharged out of a casting mold, and the problem of factory waste gas pollution is thoroughly solved; the active carbon also has good acid and alkali resistance, heat resistance and chemical stability, the pore structure is developed, and the air permeability of the molding sand is improved after the molding sand is added, so that the defects of rough surface and sand sticking of the casting are reduced. The semi-coke and the activated carbon are used in a matching way, and can adsorb all smoke dust generated in the casting process.
4. The application discloses reduce green type casting clay molding sand auxiliary material of polluting emission, principal component Fe in the dust is smelted to the electric stove3O4Can enter into the activated carbon and semi-coke layers to improve the adsorption performance; the nano ferroferric oxide particles and the bentonite particles have a synergistic effect, so that the contact surface of bentonite micelles is increased, and the adhesion capacity of clay colloids is greatly improved; the nano ferroferric oxide particles can also improve the dispersibility of alpha-starch and increase the strength uniformity of the molding sand; nano Zr3The O particles can not only improve the particle dispersity and the adhesive property of the bentonite, but also improve the high-temperature strength and the hot-wet tensile strength of the molding sand. A small amount of zinc oxide powder can not only improve the activity of bentonite, but also adsorb sulfur dioxide generated in casting; nano ZnCuTiO4And Fe2ZnO4Can promote the oxidation of formaldehyde, phenols, CO and the like in the flue gas and generate harmless gas.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in detail with reference to examples, but the present application is not limited to these examples.
The used sand in the embodiment of the application is waste sand generated when cast iron parts are produced by Shandong Xuriui high New materials, Limited, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 6 wt% of bentonite, 3.4 wt% of water and the balance of silica sand.
According to one aspect of the application, a preparation method of green-mold casting clay molding sand auxiliary material for reducing pollution emission is provided, and comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing and grinding the activated carbon and the semi-coke, and respectively sieving the crushed and ground activated carbon and the semi-coke by a 200-mesh sieve and a 140-mesh sieve;
(2) puffing and crushing peeled corn, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain alpha-starch;
(3) mixing the activated carbon, the semi-coke, the alpha-starch, the sodium bentonite and electric furnace smelting dust, and uniformly stirring to obtain the wet type casting clay molding sand auxiliary material for reducing pollution emission.
Wherein more than 95 wt% of the sodium bentonite passes through a 200-mesh sieve, and the colloid value is more than 99mL/15 g; more than 95 wt% of the alpha-starch passes through a 100-mesh sieve pore, and the gelatinization degree is more than 96%; more than 95 wt% of the mass of the activated carbon passes through a 200-mesh sieve, and the content of the fixed carbon in the activated carbon is more than 75 wt%; more than 95 wt% of the semi-coke passes through a sieve with 140 meshes, and the fixed carbon content in the semi-coke is more than 75 wt%; the electric furnace smelting dust comprises the following components in percentage by mass: fe3O4 23wt％，Zr3O 8wt％，ZnO 25wt％，ZnCuTiO415 wt% and Fe2ZnO4 15wt％。
The green type casting clay molding sand auxiliary material for reducing pollution emission is prepared by the method.
Example 1
The green type casting clay molding sand auxiliary material for reducing pollution emission comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 55 wt% of sodium bentonite, 10 wt% of alpha-starch, 20 wt% of activated carbon, 10 wt% of semi-coke and 5 wt% of electric furnace smelting dust. Adding 1 wt% of the auxiliary materials into the used sand to obtain the molding sand No. 1.
Example 2
The green type casting clay molding sand auxiliary material for reducing pollution emission comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 85 wt% of sodium bentonite, 2 wt% of alpha-starch, 10 wt% of activated carbon, 2 wt% of semi-coke and 1 wt% of electric furnace smelting dust. Adding 0.5 wt% of the auxiliary materials into the used sand to obtain the molding sand No. 2.
Example 3
The green type casting clay molding sand auxiliary material for reducing pollution emission comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 65 wt% of sodium bentonite, 8 wt% of alpha-starch, 15 wt% of activated carbon, 10 wt% of semi-coke and 2 wt% of electric furnace smelting dust. Adding 0.7 wt% of the auxiliary materials into the used sand to obtain the molding sand No. 3.
Example 4
The green type casting clay molding sand auxiliary material for reducing pollution emission comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 75 wt% of sodium bentonite, 4 wt% of alpha-starch, 10 wt% of activated carbon, 8 wt% of semi-coke and 3 wt% of electric furnace smelting dust. Adding 1.5 wt% of the auxiliary materials into the used sand to obtain the molding sand No. 4.
Comparative example 1
Adding 6.0 wt% of new sand, 0.6 wt% of bentonite and 0.4 wt% of coal powder into old sand to obtain model 1 of comparative molding sand,comparison of Example 2
Adding 5.0 wt% of new sand, 0.6 wt% of bentonite and 0.4 wt% of coal powder into the used sand to obtain a comparative molding sand # 2.
The used sand qualities of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were the same, and the properties of molding sand # 1 to # 4 and comparative molding sand # 1 to # 2 were tested, and the structures are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the molding sand 1# -4# has better strength, toughness and air permeability, which shows that the addition of the green-type casting clay molding sand auxiliary material for reducing pollution emission in old sand helps to improve the compaction rate, air permeability, wet compression strength and hot-wet tensile strength of the molding sand.
Application example
Selecting molding sand No. 4 and comparative molding sand No. 1, respectively carrying out 6 repeated casting tests, wherein each time the molding sand No. 4 is used, 1.5 wt% of the auxiliary material of the embodiment 4 is added into the used sand which is used for the last time before the next casting, each time the comparative molding sand No. 1 is used, 6.0 wt% of new sand, 0.6 wt% of bentonite and 0.4 wt% of coal powder are added into the used sand which is used for the last time, the next casting is continuously carried out, and the smoke emission and waste sand emission conditions of the 6 casting tests are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
As can be seen from Table 2, compared with the comparative molding sand No. 1, the emission of waste gas and waste sand in the repeated casting test of the molding sand No. 4 is obviously reduced, energy is saved, emission is reduced, the requirements of air pollutant emission limit in the casting industry are met, and the surface smoothness and the yield of the casting are improved.
The above description is only an example of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by these specific examples, but is defined by the claims of the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the technical idea and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The green type casting clay molding sand auxiliary material for reducing pollution emission is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 55-85 wt% of sodium bentonite, 2-10 wt% of alpha-starch, 10-20 wt% of activated carbon, 2-10 wt% of semi-coke and 1-5 wt% of electric furnace smelting dust.
2. The green type foundry clay molding sand adjuvant for reducing pollutant emission according to claim 1, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 75 wt% of sodium bentonite, 4 wt% of alpha-starch, 10 wt% of activated carbon, 8 wt% of semi-coke and 3 wt% of electric furnace smelting dust.
3. The green type foundry clay-type sand additive for reducing pollutant discharge according to claim 2, wherein more than 95 wt% of the mass of the sodium bentonite passes through a 200-mesh sieve, and the colloid value is more than 99mL/15 g.
4. The green type foundry clay-type sand molding auxiliary material for reducing pollutant emissions according to claim 3, wherein more than 95 wt% of the mass of the alpha-starch passes through a 100-mesh sieve, and the gelatinization degree is more than 96%.
5. The green type foundry clay sand adjuvant for reducing pollutant emissions according to claim 4, wherein 95 wt% or more of the mass of the activated carbon passes through a 200-mesh sieve, and the content of fixed carbon in the activated carbon is more than 75 wt%.
6. The green type foundry clay sand adjuvant for reducing pollutant emissions according to claim 5, wherein more than 95 wt% of the semi-coke mass passes through a 140-mesh sieve, and the fixed carbon content in the semi-coke is more than 75 wt%.
7. The green type foundry clay molding sand adjuvant for reducing pollutant emissions according to claim 6, wherein the electric furnace smelting dust comprises the following components in percentage by mass: fe3O4 15-30wt％，Zr3O 5-10wt％，ZnO 20-30wt％，ZnCuTiO410-20 wt% and Fe2ZnO4 10-20wt％。
8. The method for preparing green-mold casting clay-molding sand adjuvant for reducing pollutant emissions according to claim 7, comprising the steps of:
(1) crushing and grinding the activated carbon and the semi-coke, and respectively sieving the crushed and ground activated carbon and the semi-coke by a 200-mesh sieve and a 140-mesh sieve;
(2) puffing and crushing peeled corn, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain alpha-starch;
(3) mixing the activated carbon, the semi-coke, the alpha-starch, the sodium bentonite and electric furnace smelting dust, and uniformly stirring to obtain the wet type casting clay molding sand auxiliary material for reducing pollution emission.
9. The green type casting clay molding sand capable of reducing pollutant emission is characterized by comprising the green type casting clay molding sand auxiliary material capable of reducing pollutant emission, and the main material matched with the green type casting clay molding sand auxiliary material capable of reducing pollutant emission comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5-7 wt% of bentonite, 2.8-4 wt% of water and the balance of silica sand.
10. The green-type foundry clay molding sand for reducing pollutant emissions of claim 9, wherein the amount of the supplemental material is 0.5 to 1.5 wt% based on the weight of the main material.
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| CN117380903A (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2024-01-12 | 安徽大天铸业有限责任公司 | A kind of green environmentally friendly molding material for green sand casting |
| CN119114834A (en) * | 2024-11-18 | 2024-12-13 | 山东旭光得瑞高新材料股份有限公司 | A molding sand auxiliary material containing rare earth oxides, a preparation method thereof, and molding sand |
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| CN117380903A (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2024-01-12 | 安徽大天铸业有限责任公司 | A kind of green environmentally friendly molding material for green sand casting |
| CN119114834A (en) * | 2024-11-18 | 2024-12-13 | 山东旭光得瑞高新材料股份有限公司 | A molding sand auxiliary material containing rare earth oxides, a preparation method thereof, and molding sand |
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Denomination of invention: A wet-type casting clay sand additive for reducing pollution emissions and its preparation method and sand mixture Granted publication date: 20230721 Pledgee: Shandong Linyi Rural Commercial Bank Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: SHANDONG XUGUANG DERUI NEW MATERIAL Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2025980061070 |