CN113869707A - A state assessment method for medium pressure steam conduits of steam turbines based on on-site inspection parameters - Google Patents
A state assessment method for medium pressure steam conduits of steam turbines based on on-site inspection parameters Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种基于现场检验参数的汽轮机中压导汽管的状态评估方法，包括以下步骤；1)明确评估对象及其基本信息；2)明确评估对象所处全运行寿命周期的具体阶段；3)计算状态修正因数；4)明确详细评估点；5)制定现场检验方案并实施；6)获取现场检验结果；7)评估点状态评估；8)评估对象状态评估；9)评估结果归档及反馈。本发明能够帮助火电厂汽轮机或金属专业人员更好的制定检修策略。
A method for evaluating the state of a steam turbine medium-pressure steam conduit based on on-site inspection parameters, comprising the following steps: 1) clarifying the evaluation object and its basic information; 2) clarifying the specific stage of the entire operating life cycle of the evaluation object; 3) calculating Status correction factor; 4) Define detailed assessment points; 5) Develop and implement on-site inspection plans; 6) Obtain on-site inspection results; 7) Assessment point status assessment; 8) Assessment object status assessment; 9) Assessment results filing and feedback. The invention can help the steam turbine of the thermal power plant or the metal professional to better formulate the maintenance strategy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of state evaluation of equipment of a thermal power plant, and particularly relates to a state evaluation method of a turbine medium-pressure steam guide pipe based on field inspection parameters.
Background
The steam turbine medium pressure steam guide pipe is an important part of a steam turbine system of a thermal power plant, and in recent years, a thermal power generating unit frequently participates in peak shaving operation of a power grid, so that the steam turbine medium pressure steam guide pipe is in a severe working condition in the operation process and is easily influenced by the action of heat exchange variable load. Particularly, the weld joint at the joint of the medium-pressure steam guide pipe and the medium-pressure outer cylinder of the steam turbine has the defects that the structural state of the weld joint is deteriorated and the structure is embrittled under the influence of high temperature and variable load, so that the failure risk is increased. In addition, because the intermediate pressure steam guide pipe of the steam turbine is positioned on the platform of the steam turbine, if the intermediate pressure steam guide pipe of the steam turbine fails, a serious safety accident can be caused, and therefore the state of the intermediate pressure steam guide pipe of the steam turbine needs to be accurately evaluated.
For the medium-pressure steam guide pipe of the steam turbine, there are literature reports that the cracking phenomenon of the welding joint of the dissimilar steel pipe of the medium-pressure steam guide pipe is analyzed by adopting detection modes such as hardness detection, microstructure analysis, welding process analysis and the like, such as the literature ' analysis of welding cracking failure of the dissimilar steel of the high-medium-pressure steam guide pipe of the power station, welding technology, 2017(10) ', and literature reports that the crack generation reason of the medium-pressure steam guide pipe is analyzed from aspects such as metallographic structure, stress analysis, crack generation part, unit operation condition and the like, such as the literature ' elementary analysis and rectification measure of crack reasons of high-medium-pressure steam guide pipe short pipe of a steam turbine in a cloud floating power plant ', the academic conference corpus of failure analysis and service life management of the metal component of the sixth power station in the country, 2000 ', but no report that the state evaluation is carried out on the medium-pressure steam guide pipe of the steam turbine is found.
Therefore, the condition of the medium-pressure steam guide pipe of the steam turbine is estimated only by acquiring field inspection data without requiring evaluation personnel to have abundant mathematics and material professional knowledge and additional laboratory analysis cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a state evaluation method of a turbine medium-pressure steam guide pipe based on field inspection parameters, which helps thermal power plant turbine professionals or metal professionals to make a maintenance strategy better.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
a state evaluation method of a turbine medium-pressure steam guide pipe based on field inspection parameters comprises the following steps;
1) determining an evaluation object and basic information thereof, wherein the evaluation object is a medium-pressure steam guide pipe of the steam turbine, and the basic information comprises a design drawing, a design diameter, a design wall thickness, a design material, design and manufacture data and a latest two-time state evaluation file;
2) clearly evaluating the specific stage of the object running time and the full-running life cycle;
3) calculating a state correction factor;
4) defining detailed evaluation points;
5) making and implementing a field inspection scheme;
6) acquiring a field inspection result;
7) evaluating the dot state;
8) evaluating the state of an evaluation object;
9) and archiving and feeding back the evaluation result.
The step 2) comprises the following specific operation steps:
the full-operation life cycle of the evaluation object is divided into three stages: in the early stage, the state of an evaluation object is not good due to design and manufacturing defects and hidden danger left after installation; in the middle stage, the unit stably operates, and the evaluation object reaches the optimal state; and in the final stage, the material is in service at high temperature and high pressure for a long time, and is gradually accelerated to age and deteriorate in state.
Clearly evaluating the running time delta of the object and determining which of three stages of the full-running life cycle the object is in, wherein each specific stage and the corresponding time range are shown in the following table;
| full operational life cycle phase | Time horizon of full operational life cycle phase |
| Early stage | (0,0.1Lc] |
| Middle stage | (0.1Lc,0.8Lc] |
| End stage | (0.8Lc,Lc] |
Wherein L iscFor a design life, it is generally defined as the design life of the unit of 30 years.
The specific operation steps of calculating the state correction factor in the step 3) are as follows:
determining a state correction factor CF according to equation (1);
in the formula, L is the actual running time of the evaluation object, and the unit is: and (5) year.
Based on the collected data in the step 1), in the stage of design, manufacture and installation, aiming at four conditions that no defect is found, a small amount of abnormality does not affect normal use, more abnormality exists but normal after repair, more abnormality exists and incomplete solution is not achieved after repair but operation with defects is still carried out, the values of s are respectively 0, 0.02, 0.05 and 0.1.
Based on the stage of the complete operation life cycle of the clear evaluation object in the step 2), the three stages of the early stage, the middle stage and the final stage, and the values of mu are respectively 2, 1 and 5.
Based on the last two state evaluation results of step 1), Cf1、Cf2The values of (a) are looked up from the following table.
| Last 2 nd evaluation | Last evaluation 1 | Cf2Value taking | Cf1Value taking |
| Is preferably used | Is preferably used | 0 | 0 |
| Is preferably used | In general | 0 | 0.5 |
| In general | In general | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| In general | Is poor | 0.5 | 1 |
| Is poor | Is poor | 1 | 1 |
The specific operation steps in the step 4) are as follows:
evaluation points are divided into two categories: and the weld joint and the main pipe are respectively distinguished by the lower corner marks wb and mp, and evaluation points are selected for evaluation objects in a targeted manner based on the maintenance plan, the cost and the maintenance results of previous times.
The step 5) comprises the following specific operation steps:
and (4) selecting proper items from the macroscopic inspection, the surface flaw detection, the nondestructive flaw detection, the metallographic inspection, the outer diameter inspection, the wall thickness measurement and the hardness detection according to the evaluation points determined in the step 4), making a field inspection scheme and implementing the scheme.
The specific operation steps in the step 6) are as follows:
dividing the field inspection items determined in the step 5) into two types, and confirming the state parameters ES and the weight ESQ corresponding to the field inspection items of each evaluation point according to each field inspection result of the evaluation point;
the step 7) comprises the following specific operation steps:
defining the state of a single evaluation point, namely a welding seam evaluation point or a main pipe evaluation point, as C according to the field inspection result obtained in the step 6)kAnd adopting an evaluation model as formula (2) to evaluate a single state;
state C of evaluation pointkThe value of (A) normally falls within [0,1]]In the interval range, CkThe state of the evaluation point becomes worse and worse when the value of (a) is changed from 0 to 1.
The specific operation steps in the step 8) are as follows:
based on the evaluation points of the welding seams and the main pipes obtained in the step 7), carrying out overall state evaluation on the evaluation object according to the formula (10);
in the formula, lower corner marks wb and mp identify a weld and a parent pipe, respectively, and the number of evaluation points thereof is represented by m and n, respectively.
The numerical result of the state C of the evaluation object normally falls within the [0,1] interval range, and the state of the evaluation object gradually deteriorates as the value of C changes from 0 to 1. When the C value is greater than 0.85, the state of the evaluation target is poor, and the state of the evaluation point is not good. Particularly, when the evaluation object is in the end stage of the full operation life cycle, if the evaluation object is continuously evaluated twice, the state C value of the evaluation object is greater than 0.85, and the enterprise is recommended to integrally replace the evaluation object.
The specific operation steps in the step 9) are as follows:
and (4) completely recording and archiving the state evaluation result of the evaluation object obtained in the step 8), and feeding back the state evaluation result for the next evaluation to calculate the state correction factor in the step 3).
The A-th field inspection project state parameters in the step 7): macroscopic examination state ESA1-kResults from macroscopic examination ERA1-kDefinition, as shown in formula (3), and defining a macroscopic inspection state weight ESQA1-kThe ratio is 10%:
the A-th field inspection project state parameters in the step 7): surface flaw detection state ESA2-kResults of surface inspection ERA2-kDefinition, as shown in formula (4), and defining surface flaw detection state weight ESQA2-kThe ratio is 15%:
the A-th field inspection project state parameters in the step 7): non-destructive inspection state ESA3-kFrom results of non-destructive inspection ERA3-kDefinition, as shown in formula (5), and defining the weight ESQ of nondestructive inspection stateA3-kThe ratio is 30%:
the A-th field inspection project state parameters in the step 7): metallographic examination state ESA4-kResults from metallographic examination ERA4-kDefinition, as shown in formula (6), and defining metallographic examination state weight ESQA4-kThe ratio is 20%:
the B-type field inspection project state parameters in the step 7): outer diameter inspection state ESB1-kResult of inspection of the outer diameter ERB1-kDefinition, as shown in equation (7), and outer diameter inspection state weight ESQB1-kThe ratio is 5%:
in the formula (7), D0The design pipe diameter is in mm; e is the ultimate creep expansion rate, and the unit is percent, and for the medium-pressure steam guide pipe of the steam turbine, the value of the ultimate creep expansion rate is shown in the following table:
| material of | Alloy steel | Carbon steel |
| Value of e | 2.5％ | 3.5％ |
The B-type field inspection project state parameters in the step 7): wall thickness measurement state ESB2-kResults of wall thickness inspection ERB2-kDefinition, as shown in equation (8), and defining a wall thickness measurement status weight ESQB2-kThe ratio is 10%:
in the formula (8), d0For design wall thickness, units are mm.
The B-type field inspection project state parameters in the step 7): hardness detection state ESB3-kResults from hardness measurement ERB3-kDefinition, as shown in equation (9), and defining a wall thickness measurement status weight ESQB3-kThe ratio is 10%:
the hardness in the formula (9) is Brinell hardness, HBLAnd HBHRespectively the minimum value and the maximum value of ultimate hardness, and for the medium-pressure steam guide pipe of the steam turbine, the HB of common materialLAnd HBHValues are summarized in the following table:
the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method, the condition of the medium-pressure steam guide pipe of the steam turbine is evaluated through the correction of the condition correction factor based on conventional field inspection projects and results without the need that an evaluator has abundant basic knowledge of materials, mechanics calculation knowledge, life evaluation knowledge and experience and bearing extra test cost, so that the thermal power plant technician is helped to make the next maintenance strategy. And in the final stage of the full-operation life cycle, if the evaluation is carried out for two times, the state C value of the evaluation object is greater than 0.85, and the enterprise is recommended to replace the evaluation object integrally.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a state estimation process according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to two specific embodiments.
The first embodiment is as follows:
taking the result of B + level maintenance of a medium-pressure steam guide pipe of a steam turbine of a 330MW subcritical unit in a certain power plant in 2020 as an example, the implementation state evaluation according to the method disclosed by the invention is as follows:
1) the explicitly evaluated objects are: the turbine medium pressure leads the steam pipe. Basic information: design diameter and wall thickness: phi 564.9 multiplied by 27.7mm, 12Cr1MoV of design material and 842mm of bending radius.
The medium-pressure steam guide pipe of the steam turbine has no abnormity in the design and manufacturing stage, no replacement record is generated during the operation, the state evaluation is only carried out in 2014, and the state evaluation result is general.
2) The medium pressure steam guide pipe of the steam turbine has been operated for 22.5 years cumulatively and is in the middle stage of the full operation life cycle.
3) The medium-pressure steam guide pipe of the steam turbine has no abnormity in the design and manufacturing stage, and s takes the value of 0; in the middle stage of the full operation life cycle, mu takes a value of 1;
calculating a condition correction factor
4) Considering that the maintenance cost is low, the time is short, and 2 welding seam evaluation points and 4 main pipe evaluation points are selected by combining the only one state evaluation result.
5) And selecting a proper project to formulate and implement a field inspection scheme aiming at the selected evaluation point of the medium-pressure steam guide pipe of the steam turbine.
6) Acquiring a field inspection result of a medium-pressure steam guide pipe of the steam turbine, and calculating a state parameter result as shown in the following;
7) the state evaluation is carried out on 2 welding seams and 4 main pipe evaluation points selected by a medium-pressure steam guide pipe of the steam turbine, and the state evaluation is as follows:
8) and (4) integrating the state evaluation results of all evaluation points, and carrying out state evaluation on the pressure guide steam pipe in the evaluation object, wherein the final evaluation state value is 0.69, and compared with the evaluation result in 2014, the state of the pressure guide steam pipe tends to be worse. And a welding seam evaluation point and a main pipe evaluation point are poor in state and should be eliminated in time.
9) And finally, the state evaluation result of the medium-pressure steam guide pipe is the next evaluation feedback and is used for calculating the state correction factor.
The second embodiment:
taking the result of the maintenance of the medium-pressure steam guide pipe of a steam turbine of a 1000MW subcritical unit in a certain power plant at the A level in 2021 month 01 as an example, the method is implemented according to the state evaluation:
1) the explicitly evaluated objects are: the system comprises an A side turbine medium pressure steam guide pipe and a B side turbine medium pressure steam guide pipe. Basic information: design diameter and wall thickness: phi 610X 45mm, design material A335P92, bending radius 1067 mm.
The medium-pressure steam guide pipe of the side A steam turbine is abnormal in the design and manufacture stage but normal after being returned to the factory, and the medium-pressure steam guide pipe of the side B steam turbine is not abnormal in the design and manufacture stage during operation. Records are not replaced during the operation, and simple state evaluation is only carried out in 2015, so that the evaluation result is better.
2) The medium-pressure steam guide pipe of the side A steam turbine and the medium-pressure steam guide pipe of the side B steam turbine are operated for 12 years in an accumulated mode and are in the middle stage of the full operation life cycle.
3) The medium-pressure steam guide pipe of the side A steam turbine is abnormal in the design and manufacturing stage and is normal after being returned to the factory, and s takes the value of 0.05; in the middle stage of the full operation life cycle, mu takes a value of 1;
calculating a medium-pressure steam guide pipe state correction factor of the side A steam turbine:
no abnormity is found in the design and manufacture stage during the operation of the middle pressure steam guide pipe of the B side steam turbine, and s takes the value of 0; in the middle stage of the full operation life cycle, mu takes a value of 1;
calculating a correction factor of the state of a medium-pressure steam guide pipe of the B-side steam turbine:
4) considering that the overhaul time is long, the cost is controllable, and 3 welding seam evaluation points and 3 main pipe evaluation points are selected for the medium-pressure steam guide pipe of the steam turbine on the A side by combining the last state evaluation result; and 2 welding seam evaluation points and 4 main pipe evaluation points are selected for the medium-pressure steam guide pipe of the B-side steam turbine.
5) And selecting proper projects to formulate and implement a field inspection scheme aiming at the evaluation points selected by the medium-pressure steam guide pipe of the side A steam turbine and the medium-pressure steam guide pipe of the side B steam turbine.
6) Acquiring field inspection results of the medium-pressure steam guide pipe of the side A steam turbine and the medium-pressure steam guide pipe of the side B steam turbine, and calculating a state parameter result as shown in the following;
7) and performing state evaluation on evaluation points of the medium-pressure steam guide pipe of the A-side turbine and the medium-pressure steam guide pipe of the B-side turbine, wherein the state evaluation points are as follows:
8) and (3) integrating the state evaluation results of all the evaluation points, and respectively carrying out state evaluation on the evaluation objects, wherein the final evaluation state value of the medium-pressure steam guide pipe of the A-side steam turbine is 0.462, and the final evaluation state value of the medium-pressure steam guide pipe of the B-side steam turbine is 0.457, and compared with the evaluation result in 2015, the state deterioration trend of the two steam guide pipes is temporarily avoided. However, in comparison, the steam guide pipe of the intermediate pressure cylinder on the side a is slightly worse than that of the intermediate pressure cylinder on the side B, which may be related to the slightly higher operating temperature of the reheat steam on the side a, and this is of concern.
9) And finally, the state evaluation result of the steam guide pipe of the intermediate pressure cylinder on the side A compared with the steam guide pipe of the intermediate pressure cylinder on the side B is the next evaluation feedback and is used for calculating the state correction factor.
Claims (10)
1. A state evaluation method of a turbine medium-pressure steam guide pipe based on field inspection parameters is characterized by comprising the following steps;
1) determining an evaluation object and basic information thereof, wherein the evaluation object is a medium-pressure steam guide pipe of the steam turbine, and the basic information comprises a design drawing, a design diameter, a design wall thickness, a design material, design and manufacturing data and a latest two-time state evaluation file;
2) clearly evaluating the specific stage of the full operation life cycle of the object;
3) calculating a state correction factor;
4) defining detailed evaluation points;
5) making and implementing a field inspection scheme;
6) acquiring a field inspection result;
7) evaluating the dot state;
8) evaluating the state of an evaluation object;
9) and archiving and feeding back the evaluation result.
2. The method for evaluating the state of the intermediate pressure steam guide pipe of the steam turbine based on the field inspection parameters according to claim 1, wherein the step 2) comprises the following specific operation steps:
the full-operation life cycle of the evaluation object is divided into three stages: in the early stage, the state of an evaluation object is not good due to design and manufacturing defects and hidden danger left after installation; in the middle stage, the unit stably operates, and the evaluation object reaches the optimal state; in the final stage, the material is in service at high temperature and high pressure for a long time, and is gradually accelerated to age and deteriorate in state;
clearly evaluating the running time delta of the object and determining which of three stages of the full-running life cycle the object is in, wherein each specific stage and the corresponding time range are shown in the following table;
Wherein L iscFor a design life, it is generally defined as the design life of the unit of 30 years.
3. The method for evaluating the condition of the intermediate pressure steam guide pipe of the steam turbine based on the field inspection parameters as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific operation steps for calculating the condition correction factor in the step 3) are as follows:
determining a state correction factor CF according to equation (1);
in the formula, L is the actual running time of the evaluation object, and the unit is: year;
based on the collected data in the step 1), in the stage of design, manufacture and installation, aiming at four conditions that no defect is found, a small amount of abnormality does not affect normal use, more abnormality exists but normal after repair, more abnormality exists and incomplete solution is not achieved after repair but operation with defects is still carried out, the values of s are respectively 0, 0.02, 0.05 and 0.1;
based on the stage of the full operation life cycle of the clear evaluation object in the step 2), the three stages of the early stage, the middle stage and the final stage, and the values of mu are respectively 2, 1 and 5;
based on the last two state evaluation results of step 1), Cf1、Cf2The values of (a) are looked up from the following table;
4. the method for evaluating the state of the intermediate pressure steam guide pipe of the steam turbine based on the field inspection parameters according to claim 1, wherein the step 4) comprises the following specific operation steps:
evaluation points are divided into two categories: and the weld joint and the main pipe are respectively distinguished by the lower corner marks wb and mp, and evaluation points are selected for evaluation objects in a targeted manner based on the maintenance plan, the cost and the maintenance results of previous times.
5. The method for evaluating the state of the intermediate pressure steam guide pipe of the steam turbine based on the field inspection parameters according to claim 1, wherein the step 5) comprises the following specific operation steps:
and (4) selecting proper items from the macroscopic inspection, the surface flaw detection, the nondestructive flaw detection, the metallographic inspection, the outer diameter inspection, the wall thickness measurement and the hardness detection according to the evaluation points determined in the step 4), making a field inspection scheme and implementing the scheme.
6. The method for evaluating the state of the intermediate pressure steam guide pipe of the steam turbine based on the field inspection parameters according to claim 1, wherein the step 6) comprises the following specific operation steps:
dividing the field inspection items determined in the step 5) into two types, and confirming the state parameters ES and the weight ESQ corresponding to the field inspection items of each evaluation point according to each field inspection result of the evaluation point;
7. the method for evaluating the state of the intermediate pressure steam guide pipe of the steam turbine based on the field inspection parameters according to claim 1, wherein the step 7) comprises the following specific operation steps:
defining the state of a single evaluation point, namely a welding seam evaluation point or a main pipe evaluation point, as C according to the field inspection result obtained in the step 6)kAnd adopting an evaluation model as formula (2) to evaluate a single state;
state C of evaluation pointkThe value of (A) normally falls within [0,1]]In the interval range, CkThe state of the evaluation point becomes worse and worse when the value of (a) is changed from 0 to 1.
8. The method for evaluating the state of the intermediate pressure steam guide pipe of the steam turbine based on the field inspection parameters as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific operation steps in the step 8) are as follows:
based on the evaluation points of the welding seams and the main pipes obtained in the step 7), carrying out overall state evaluation on the evaluation object according to the formula (10);
in the formula, lower corner marks wb and mp respectively identify a weld and a mother pipe, and the number of evaluation points is represented by m and n;
the numerical result of the state C of the evaluation object normally falls in the range of [0,1], when the C value changes from 0 to 1, the state of the evaluation object gradually becomes worse, when the C value is greater than 0.85, the state of the evaluation object is poorer, a plurality of evaluation points are poor in state, particularly in the end stage of the full-operation life cycle, if two continuous evaluations are carried out, the state C value of the evaluation object is greater than 0.85, and an enterprise is recommended to replace the whole evaluation object.
9. The method for evaluating the state of the intermediate pressure steam guide pipe of the steam turbine based on the field inspection parameters according to claim 1, wherein the specific operation steps in the step 9) are as follows:
and (4) completely recording and archiving the state evaluation result of the evaluation object obtained in the step 8), and feeding back the state evaluation result for the next evaluation to calculate the state correction factor in the step 3).
10. The method for evaluating the condition of the intermediate pressure steam guide pipe of the steam turbine based on the field inspection parameters as claimed in claim 1, wherein the class a field inspection item condition parameters in the step 7): macroscopic examination state ESA1-kResults from macroscopic examination ERA1-kDefinition, as shown in formula (3), and defining a macroscopic inspection state weight ESQA1-kThe ratio is 10%:
the A-th field inspection project state parameters in the step 7): surface flaw detection state ESA2-kResults of surface inspection ERA2-kDefinition, as shown in formula (4), and defining surface flaw detection state weight ESQA2-kThe ratio is 15%:
the A-th field inspection project state parameters in the step 7): non-destructive inspection state ESA3-kFrom results of non-destructive inspection ERA3-kDefinition, as shown in formula (5), and defining the weight ESQ of nondestructive inspection stateA3-kThe ratio is 30%:
the A-th field inspection project state parameters in the step 7): metallographic examination state ESA4-kResults from metallographic examination ERA4-kDefinition, as shown in formula (6), and defining metallographic examination state weight ESQA4-kThe ratio is 20%:
the B-type field inspection project state parameters in the step 7): outer diameter inspection state ESB1-kResult of inspection of the outer diameter ERB1-kDefinition, as shown in equation (7), and outer diameter inspection state weight ESQB1-kThe ratio is 5%:
in the formula (7), D0The design pipe diameter is in mm; e is the ultimate creep expansion rate in%;
the B-type field inspection project state parameters in the step 7): wall thickness measurement state ESB2-kResults of wall thickness inspection ERB2-kDefinition, as shown in equation (8), and defining a wall thickness measurement status weight ESQB2-kThe ratio is 10%:
in the formula (8), d0For design wall thickness, in mm;
the B-type field inspection project state parameters in the step 7): hardness detection state ESB3-kResults from hardness measurement ERB3-kDefinition, as shown in equation (9), and defining a wall thickness measurement status weight ESQB3-kThe ratio is 10%:
the hardness in the formula (9) is Brinell hardness, HBLAnd HBHThe minimum and maximum ultimate hardness values are respectively.
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