CN113851337B

CN113851337B - Excitation protection device for multi-path air pressure distribution

Info

Publication number: CN113851337B
Application number: CN202111255428.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 段少波; 王欣; 石晓光; 戈西斌
Original assignee: Xian Zhongrong Electric Co Ltd
Current assignee: Xian Zhongrong Electric Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-10-27
Filing date: 2021-10-27
Publication date: 2025-07-22
Anticipated expiration: 2041-10-27
Also published as: CN113851337A

Abstract

A multi-path air pressure distribution excitation protection device comprises a shell, excitation sources, impact devices and conductors, wherein at least two cavities are formed in the shell at intervals, the impact devices and a conductor penetrating through the impact devices are respectively arranged in each cavity, two ends of each conductor extend out of the shell, the excitation sources are arranged in the shell and are respectively communicated with the cavity where each impact device is located through at least one flow channel, the excitation sources receive excitation signals to drive the impact devices to act simultaneously or sequentially, the conductors corresponding to the impact devices are disconnected, and at least one fracture is formed on each conductor. According to the invention, a plurality of impact devices are simultaneously or sequentially operated through the flow channel structural design, so that a plurality of functions are realized, conductors are connected in series and parallel according to actual needs, the breaking capacity is improved, the invention can be suitable for different breaking requirements, and a plurality of groups of circuits can be simultaneously protected.

Description

Excitation protection device for multi-path air pressure distribution

Technical Field

The invention relates to the fields of electric power control and electric automobiles, in particular to an excitation protection device for a single excitation source to drive a plurality of impact devices to break a circuit.

Background

The existing battery pack protection device of the electric vehicle has a structure for rapidly cutting off a circuit, namely an excitation protection device, and gradually expands the application range except for the traditional hot-melt fuse, and mainly aims to overcome the defects of large heating value, high power consumption, large volume weight, limited current impact resistance, long breaking time and uncontrolled breaking process of the traditional fuse.

The general structure of the excitation protection device comprises a shell, wherein an excitation source, an impact device and a conductive piece are sequentially arranged in the shell, and a pre-fracture is arranged on the conductive piece. When the main circuit of the battery pack has fault current, an excitation source in an excitation protection device connected in series in the main circuit of the battery pack is triggered, the excitation source acts to generate high-pressure gas to push an impact device downwards to break a pre-break of a conductive piece, a physical break is formed on the conductive piece, and as the conductive piece of the excitation protection device is connected in series with the main circuit of the battery pack, an electric arc generated at the break of the conductive piece is gradually cooled and extinguished in air, and the current is cut off, so that the purpose of rapidly breaking the circuit is realized.

The earliest excitation protection device has the structure of a single excitation source, a single impact device and a pre-break, and has the advantages of good current impact resistance, low power consumption, quick breaking and the like, and also has the defects of low breaking capacity, insufficient arc extinguishing capacity, low breaking voltage and the like. Based on the defects of the structure, research and development personnel develop a single excitation source, a single impact device, two pre-fractures or a plurality of pre-fractures, the sequence of disconnection of the two pre-fractures or the plurality of pre-fractures is regulated and controlled by arranging punches with different heights on the impact device, the problems of low breaking capacity, insufficient arc extinguishing capacity and low breaking voltage of one pre-fracture are solved to a certain extent, but the defects that the sequence and time difference of disconnection of the plurality of pre-fractures are regulated only by the height difference of the punches of the single impact device, the adjustable parameters are few, the adjustable and controllable range is small, and the fact that the whole stress of the impact device is uneven, the breaking is easy to occur and the breaking is influenced due to the fact that the punches with different heights of the impact device break the pre-fractures in sequence during movement are overcome.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an excitation protection device for multi-path air pressure distribution, which is characterized in that a single excitation source corresponds to a plurality of impact devices and a plurality of conductors, and melts can be connected in parallel on the conductors. The protection of a plurality of main circuits can be realized by a single excitation source and a parallel connection mode of conductors, and the breaking capacity of the excitation protection device is improved by a serial connection mode of the conductors. The invention controls the sequence of the impact device by controlling the size of the flow channel connected with the excitation source and the impact device, can realize circuit protection and simultaneously realize circuit connection or indication work, and realizes one device and multiple functions.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme includes that the multi-channel pneumatic distribution excitation protection device comprises a shell, an excitation source, impact devices and conductors, wherein the shell is internally provided with the excitation source and at least two impact devices, at least one conductor is arranged in the shell in a penetrating mode corresponding to each impact device, two ends of each conductor extend out of the shell respectively, in the shell, the impact devices are located in different cavities, the cavities are not communicated with each other, the cavity where the excitation source is located is communicated with the cavity where the impact device is located through at least one flow channel, the excitation source receives an excitation signal to drive the impact devices to move simultaneously or sequentially, and at least one impact device breaks the conductors corresponding to the impact devices in the moving process to form at least one fracture on the conductors.

Preferably, the conductor corresponding to one of the impact devices in the shell consists of a first conductive piece and a second conductive piece which are not connected with each other, one ends of the first conductive piece and the second conductive piece are positioned outside the shell, the other ends of the first conductive piece and the second conductive piece are positioned in a cavity corresponding to the first conductive piece and the second conductive piece, the first conductive piece and the second conductive piece are arranged in a staggered mode, and the excitation source drives the impact device to drive the first conductive piece and the second conductive piece to be connected in a conductive mode according to the received excitation signal.

Preferably, an independent cavity is further formed in the shell, an impact device used for indicating is arranged in the independent cavity, the independent cavity is communicated with the cavity where the excitation source is located or is communicated with the cavity where other impact devices are located, the excitation source drives one end of the impact device used for indicating to extend out of the shell according to the received excitation signal action, one end extending out of the shell can be communicated with an indicating circuit located outside the excitation protection device, or one end of the impact device extending out of the shell is provided with the indicating device.

Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the flow channel corresponding to the cavity where each impact device is located is the same or different in size and length, and the distance between each flow channel and the excitation source is the same or different.

Preferably, a limiting structure for limiting the initial position of the impact device is arranged between the impact device and the cavity where the impact device is located.

Preferably, a guiding device for guiding the displacement of the impact device is arranged between the impact device and the cavity where the impact device is positioned.

Preferably, at least one melt is connected in parallel with at least one conductor, and the corresponding impact device can disconnect the conductor and the melt in sequence.

Preferably, the distance between the top of each impact device and the top of the cavity where the impact device is located is equal to or greater than zero, and the opening of the flow passage in the cavity where the impact device is located above the top of the impact device.

Preferably, a fusing weakness is provided on one or both sides of the melt fracture, the fusing weakness being located in an arc extinguishing chamber provided in the housing.

Preferably, a push block is arranged in a shell of one side of the melt close to the conductor, and the impact device drives the push block to break the melt after breaking the conductor.

Preferably, one end of the push block, which is close to the melt, is in sealing contact with the cavity in which the push block is located.

Preferably, at least one break-away weakness is provided in the conductor and the melt in the displacement direction of the impact device.

Preferably, a rotating weak point is formed on the first conductive member in the shell, one end of the second conductive member is bent in an inclined plane structure towards the advancing direction of the impact device, and the impact device drives one end of the first conductive member to be bent along the rotating weak point and then in conductive contact with the inclined plane structure of the second conductive member.

Preferably, a pressure regulating device is provided on at least one flow channel.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. The single excitation source is respectively communicated with the cavities where the plurality of independently arranged impact devices are located through the flow channels, the size of the flow channel and the size of the space between the top of the impact device and the top of the cavity where the impact device is located are controlled, the simultaneous action or the sequential action of the impact device is controlled, a plurality of fractures are formed on one device, and meanwhile, the functions of disconnecting a circuit, releasing residual energy of a circuit load and indicating circuit faults are achieved.

2. Compared with the excitation protection device with multiple excitation sources, the excitation protection device omits a control system or a PCB control board for sending excitation signals to the multiple excitation sources, controls the sequential action of the impact device only through the design of the size and the structure of a runner of a product and the size of the top of the impact device and the space between the top of the cavity, has simpler design and more convenient use for customers, and does not need the development and design of the excitation protection device for the control system by the customers.

3. The protection of the multipath circuit is realized by the parallel connection of conductors, or the breaking capacity of a single circuit is improved by the serial connection. The excitation protection device can be made into a standard device, and according to actual needs, the protection of the multi-path circuit by the parallel connection of conductors or the improvement of breaking capacity by the serial connection of conductors are selected, or the protection of the multi-path circuit is realized and the breaking capacity is improved by the parallel connection and the serial connection of conductors.

4. The loops are mutually independent, and devices with higher breaking capacity and higher insulating capacity can be formed by secondary series-parallel connection.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention in its normal operating condition.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure A-A in FIG. 1

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of section B-B in FIG. 1

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of section C-C in FIG. 1

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of section D-D in FIG. 1

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the actuator and impact device after actuation when the fault of FIG. 1 occurs.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the excitation source and impact device of fig. 2 after actuation.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the excitation source and impact device of fig. 3 after actuation.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the excitation source and impact device of fig. 4 after actuation.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the excitation source and impact device of fig. 5 after actuation.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of each part in fig. 1 divided into abcd four parts.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the excitation protecting device according to embodiment 2, in which the pressure adjusting device is omitted.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an excitation protecting device formed by combining three acd parts in embodiment 3.

Fig. 14 is a schematic view showing the appearance and structure of the excitation protecting device according to embodiment 4.

Fig. 15 is a schematic sectional view of the excitation protecting device according to embodiment 4 in a normal operation state.

Fig. 16 is a schematic view of the E-E cross-section structure of fig. 15, taking one of the a-section structures as an example.

Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of the excitation source and the percussion device of fig. 15 when a circuit failure occurs.

Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of the excitation source and the percussion device of fig. 16 when a circuit failure occurs.

Fig. 19 is another embodiment of example 4.

Fig. 20 is a schematic sectional view of the energizing protection device of embodiment 5 in a normal operation state.

Detailed Description

The above technical solution is specifically described by taking several preferred embodiments as examples and combining the drawings. The positional relationships in the embodiments, such as upper, lower, left and right, etc., are limited only to clearly assist in understanding the technical solutions, and do not constitute limitations on the technical solutions.

Example 1

The shell, see fig. 1 and 2, comprises an upper shell 103 and a lower shell 114, wherein the upper shell 103 and the lower shell 114 are connected in a sealing way, a bottom cover 115 is arranged at the bottom of the lower shell and used for sealing the lower shell 114, and the bottom cover is designed in a sealing way, so that foreign objects can be prevented from polluting a fracture, and high-temperature electric arcs can be prevented from being sprayed out of the shell to damage surrounding devices. Four independent cavities are provided in the upper and lower housings 103 and 114 at intervals. In the four separate cavities in the upper housing, impact means (104, 105, 106, 107) are provided, respectively, and in the separate cavities of the lower housing, there is provided a space for sufficient displacement of the impact means. The upper shell is also provided with a cavity 130, the cavity 130 is provided with a limiting step, the limiting step is provided with an excitation source 101, the cavity 130 where the excitation source 101 is positioned is respectively communicated with the top of the cavity where the four impact devices (104, 105, 106 and 107) are positioned through flow channels, namely the flow channels are positioned above the top of the impact devices at the opening positions of the cavity where the impact devices are positioned. The excitation source is fixed in a manner only required to be fixed, for example, the excitation source can be buried in an upper shell through injection molding, and a pressing sheet can be additionally arranged at the upper end of the excitation source to be matched with the stepped hole of the upper shell for limiting. The excitation source is an electronic ignition device, and the electronic ignition device receives an excitation signal and then performs ignition action to generate a large amount of high-pressure gas so as to provide driving force for each impact device. The excitation source and the cavity where the excitation source is positioned are in sealing contact, for example, a sealing contact surface of a sealing ring is arranged between the excitation source and the cavity where the excitation source is positioned. A pressure adjusting device 102 is provided on a flow passage where a cavity where the excitation source 101 is located communicates with a cavity where the impact device 107 is located, and in this embodiment, the pressure adjusting device 102 is a pressure adjusting lever. The pressure adjusting rod 102 is of a bolt structure, penetrates into the flow channel from the outside of the upper shell, is in threaded connection with the upper shell, and realizes pressure adjustment by adjusting the position of one end of the pressure adjusting rod in the flow channel.

The impact device (104, 105, 106, 107) is in sealing contact with the cavity where the impact device is located, for example, a sealing contact surface of a sealing ring is arranged between the impact device and the cavity where the impact device is located, so that high-pressure gas generated by an excitation source is prevented from entering the cavity below the impact device, the movement of the impact device is prevented, or backflushing is caused to the impact device. A limiting structure and a guiding device are arranged between the impact device and the contact surface of the cavity where the impact device is positioned. The limiting structure can be that protruding blocks are arranged on the impact device at intervals, grooves are arranged at corresponding positions of the inner wall of the cavity, the protruding blocks of the impact device are clamped in the grooves of the cavity to form the limiting structure, and the initial position of the impact device is limited. The setting of limit structure satisfies when impact device receives the excitation source drive, can overcome limit structure's spacing back displacement. The guiding device comprises a guiding chute arranged in the cavity, a corresponding sliding block is arranged at the position of the impacting device corresponding to the chute, and the sliding block on the impacting device is arranged in the guiding chute. When the impact device is driven by the excitation source, the impact device can linearly displace along the guide chute. The rotation of the percussion device is prevented by the guide means. In this example, the impact device has a T-shaped structure, and referring to FIGS. 2 to 5, one end of the large end face is close to the excitation source side.

Conductors (108, 111) are respectively penetrated in independent cavities where the impact devices (104, 106) are positioned, and referring to fig. 1,3 and 5, the conductors (108, 111) are respectively positioned between the upper shell 103 and the lower shell 114, two ends of the conductors (108, 111) are respectively positioned outside two sides of the shell, and the conductors (108, 111) are in sealing contact with the upper shell and the lower shell. The conductors (108, 111) in the cavity are provided with respective break weaknesses 120, and on both sides of the break weaknesses 120 are provided with rotational weaknesses 121. The purpose of the breaking weakness is to facilitate the breaking of the conductor by the impact device from the breaking weakness, and the purpose of the rotating weakness is to ensure that the broken conductor is rotated in a predetermined trajectory under the drive of the impact device after the breaking of the conductor at the breaking weakness, see fig. 8 and 10, a distance from the conductor break. The broken weak points and the rotation weak points can be in the form of V-shaped grooves, U-shaped grooves, structures with reduced cross sections or pre-rolling openings and the like and are reduced in strength, but the structural strength of the rotation weak points is required to be higher than that of the broken weak points, and adverse effects caused by breakage of the rotation weak points during action are avoided.

Referring to fig. 3 and 5, the impact device (104, 106) has a T-shaped structure, one end of the large size is positioned on the side of the excitation source, one end of the small size is positioned near the side of the conductor, and one end of the small size is the impact end. The impact end structure is a conical contracted cross-section structure, can also be a blade-shaped structure and a pointed structure, and can also be other structures which are beneficial to improving the acting force of unit area.

Referring to fig. 1 and 5, a melt 113 is connected in parallel to the conductor 111. The melt 113 is located in the lower housing 114, the melt 113 is arranged in a separate cavity in the lower housing in a penetrating manner, an arc extinguishing chamber 116 is also arranged in the lower housing on both sides of the separate cavity, and the arc extinguishing chamber 116 is filled with an arc extinguishing medium, which may be solid, such as silica, alumina, silica gel, or an insulating liquid, inert gas or the like, which aids in arc extinguishing. The melt 113 passes through an independent cavity in the lower shell, and two ends of the melt are bent from the arc extinguishing chamber 116 to pass through the lower shell to be connected with the conductor 111 in parallel, wherein the connection mode can adopt the modes of bolt connection, spring connection, welding connection and the like. A break-off weakness is provided in the melt 113 that passes through the separate cavity. In fig. 5, two break weaknesses are provided at a distance to form a pre-break in the melt. And a fusing weak part is arranged on the melt part in the arc extinguishing chamber, and the fusing weak part is positioned in an arc extinguishing medium. The fusing weakness can be a narrow neck, or a structure or material which is more easily fused with the melt body structure or material at the same temperature as a metallurgical effect point or a low-melting-point material. A push block 112 is provided in a separate cavity above the melt pre-break. The upper end of the push block 112 is positioned in the independent cavity part with large size, and the lower end is positioned in the independent cavity with small size, and the outline dimension of the push block is matched with the outline of the independent cavity part with small size. A limiting structure is arranged at the contact surface of the push block 112 and the lower shell, and the initial position of the push block is limited by the limiting structure. When the pushing block is impacted by the impact device, the pushing block can break through the limit of the limit structure, and can be displaced to the position of the melt pre-fracture to break the melt, as shown in fig. 10.

The first conductive member 109 and the second conductive member 110 are disposed in the independent cavity of the impact device 105 in a penetrating manner, and referring to fig. 1 and 4, the first conductive member 109 and the second conductive member 110 are disposed between the upper housing and the lower housing, and one end of each of the first conductive member and the second conductive member is disposed outside the housing, and the other end of each of the first conductive member and the second conductive member is disposed in the independent cavity of the lower housing. One end of the first conductive element 109 and one end of the second conductive element 110, which are located in the independent cavity, are arranged in a staggered manner, one end of the first conductive element 109 is close to the impact device 105, and one end of the second conductive element 110 is far away from the impact device 107. A rotation weak point 122 is formed on the first conductive element 109 located in the independent cavity, and a part from the rotation weak point 122 to the end face is bent to a certain angle towards the direction of the impact device, and then is limited by a limiting structure. The limit structure is satisfied. One end of the second conductive element 110, which is located in the independent cavity, is bent towards the bottom of the lower shell to form an inclined plane structure. When the first conductive member 109 is impacted by the impact device 107, it overcomes the spacing structure on the first conductive member, see fig. 9, and rotates in the direction of the second conductive member along the rotation weakness 122 and is in conductive contact with the ramp structure on the second conductive member. And a buffer device is arranged between the second conductive piece and the bottom of the lower shell and is used for buffering the impact caused by the impact device.

When the first conductive element 109 and the second conductive element 110 are in a non-contact state in a normal working state, after the conductors (108, 111) are disconnected under the action of the impact device, high-pressure gas generated by the excitation source 101 of the first conductive element 109 and the second conductive element 110 enters the cavity where the impact device 105 is located through the flow channel, when the pressure of the high-pressure gas entering the cavity is accumulated to a certain pressure value, the impact device 105 is driven to move, the impact device drives the first conductive element 109 to move and be in conductive connection with the second conductive element 110, and referring to fig. 9, an energy release circuit is connected to release residual load electric energy in the circuit connected with the conductors (108, 111), so that maintenance safety performance is improved.

Referring to fig. 5, the small-sized end of the impact device 107 enters the independent cavity in the lower housing, the shape of the independent cavity portion in the lower housing is matched with the shape of the small-sized end of the impact device 107, and since the impact device 107 is in a T-shaped structure, the diameter of the independent cavity portion in the upper housing is larger than that of the independent cavity portion in the lower housing, the upper end face of the lower housing limits the impact device 107, and when the impact device 107 is displaced, the lower end face of the large-sized end of the impact device 107 can be clamped at the upper end face of the lower housing, so that excessive displacement of the impact device 107 is prevented. The cavity in which the percussion device 107 is located communicates with the cavity in which the excitation source 101 is located via a flow channel. By adjusting the position of one end of the pressure adjustment rod 102 in the flow channel, the amount of pressure passing through the flow channel is adjusted.

When the excitation source 101 receives the excitation signal for action, referring to fig. 11, the generated high-pressure gas enters the cavity where the impact device 107 is located through the flow channel, the impact device 107 is driven to displace, one small-size end of the impact device 107 extends out of the lower shell, an indication circuit positioned outside the excitation protection device is connected, alarm indication is carried out, and the circuit is reminded of faults and needs to be maintained.

The excitation protection device is characterized in that conductors positioned in the shell are arranged in parallel, and one ends of the conductors positioned outside the shell can be connected in series according to actual needs.

The working principle of the embodiment is as follows:

Referring to fig. 1 to 10, different circuits are connected in parallel to conductors (108, 111), namely, two ends of the conductor 108 outside the shell are connected to one circuit respectively, two ends of the conductor 111 outside the shell are connected to the other circuit respectively for protection, when the first conductive piece and the second conductive piece are connected to an energy release circuit, the energy release circuit refers to a circuit which is connected with a load in the protected circuit and can release residual energy of the load, and the energy release circuit is generally grounded. Fig. 1 to 5 are schematic structural views of the normal working state, and fig. 6 to 10 are schematic structural views of the excitation source and the impact device after the action.

The excitation source 101 receives the excitation signal and then acts, and the excitation source ignites to generate high-pressure gas, and the high-pressure gas enters the top of the cavity where each impact device (104, 105, 106 and 107) is located through a flow channel communicated with the cavity where each impact device is located. The sequence of the actions of the impact device is determined by the size of the sectional area of the flow channel, the length of the flow channel, the size of the space between the top of the impact device and the top of the cavity where the impact device is positioned, and the distance between the flow channel and the excitation source. When the top of the impact device is level with the top of the cavity in which the impact device is positioned, the impact device is orderly operated according to the sectional area and the length of the flow channel and the distance between the flow channel and the excitation source.

As shown in figures 1 to 10, the top of the impact device (104, 105, 106) is level with the top of the cavity where the impact device (104, 106) is located, and the size of the cross-sectional area of the flow channel communicated with the cavity where the impact device (104, 106) is the same, so that the impact device (104, 106) acts simultaneously, the size of the cross-sectional area of the flow channel communicated with the cavity where the impact device (105) is smaller than the size of the cross-sectional area of the flow channel communicated with the cavity where the impact device (104, 106) is located, but the size of the cross-sectional area of the flow channel communicated with the cavity where the impact device (107) is located is larger, and a certain space is reserved between the top of the impact device (107) and the top of the cavity where the impact device is located. The impact device 105 thus acts after the impact devices (104, 106), and the impact device 107 acts last.

Under the drive of the excitation source 101, the impact device 104 moves along the guide device to break the conductor 108, a fracture is formed on the conductor 108, a circuit connected with the conductor 108 is broken to protect the conductor 108, after the impact device 106 moves along the guide device to break the conductor 111 in sequence, the impact device 106 pushes the pushing block 112 to break the melt 113, at least one fracture is formed on the conductor 111 and the melt 113 respectively, the circuit connected with the conductor 111 is broken to protect the conductor 111, the impact device 105 moves along the guide device to drive the first conductive piece 109 to move and electrically connect with the second conductive piece 110, an energy release circuit is connected, residual electric energy in loads in the circuits connected with the conductor 108 and the conductor 111 is released, after the impact device (104, 105 and 106) is operated, the impact device 107 moves along the guide device and enables the small-size end of the impact device 107 to extend out of the shell to be connected with an indication circuit, the indication circuit is failed, the excitation protection device is operated to protect the circuit, and the circuit needs to be maintained in time.

The impact device 104 and the impact device 106 may be operated simultaneously or sequentially. If the energy release circuit is only connected to the load in one of the circuits, the striking device 105 operates after the circuit is disconnected, and the energy release circuit is connected to release the residual energy of the load in the circuit, not necessarily after all conductors in the circuit are disconnected.

Referring to fig. 1 to 10, in another practical use mode, in the case that one end of the conductor 108 and one end of the conductor 111 are connected in series, and the other end of the conductor is connected to the same circuit, the principle is the same as that of the connection of the conductor 108 and the conductor 111 in parallel to different circuits in the case that the first conductive member and the second conductive member are connected to the energy release circuit of the circuit. The conductors 108 and 111 may be opened simultaneously or sequentially, and the de-energized circuit must be completed after the conductors 108 and 111 are completely opened, i.e., the striking device 105 must be actuated after the striking device 104 and the striking device 106 are actuated to completely close the circuit. The impact device 107 operates after the impact devices (104, 105, 106) operate, and finally, the instruction work is completed.

Each part in fig. 1 in embodiment 1 can be used as an independent part, and referring to fig. 11, the part is divided into four abcd parts with independent functions, the four abcd parts share one excitation source, and the sequential actions of the impact device are controlled by the size and length of the cross-sectional area of the flow channel and the distance between the top of the impact device and the top of the cavity where the impact device is located. The four abcd parts can be freely combined according to the needs to form excitation protection devices with various structural forms.

Example 2

The difference between embodiment 2 and embodiment 1 is that the pressure adjusting means 102 is eliminated, and referring to fig. 12, the order of operation of the impact device 107 is adjusted only by the size of the flow passage sectional area. The remainder was the same as in example 1.

Example 3

The embodiment is formed by three parts a, c and d. Referring to fig. 13, three independent cavities are opened on the upper and lower cases. The cavity where the excitation source 101 is located is respectively communicated with the cavity where the impact devices (104, 106 and 107) are located through flow channels, and the opening of the flow channels is located above the top of each impact device.

Section a includes the impact device 104 and the conductor 108 disposed in separate cavities in the upper and lower housings. Part c comprises the impingement device 106, the conductor 111, the push block 112, and the melt 113 in parallel on the conductor 111, which are arranged in separate cavities. Section d includes an impingement device 107 disposed in a separate cavity. The size of the cross section of the flow channel where the excitation source 101 and the impact device 104 are communicated is smaller than that of the flow channel where the excitation source 101 and the impact device 106 are communicated and larger than that of the flow channel where the excitation source 101 and the impact device 107 are communicated, no gap exists between the tops of the impact device 104 and the impact device 106 and the top of the cavity where the impact device 106 is located, and the distance between the top of the impact device 107 and the top of the cavity where the impact device 107 is located is larger. From the above, the impact device 106 operates first, the impact device 104 operates later, and the impact device 107 operates last.

Thus, the working principle of example 3:

The excitation source 101 receives excitation signals and acts, ignition generates high-pressure gas, then drives the impact device 106 to overcome the limit structure to displace and disconnect the conductors 111 in sequence along the guide device, then pushes the push block 112 to act to disconnect the melt 113, at least one fracture is formed on the conductors 111 and the melt 113 respectively, a circuit connected with the conductors 111 is disconnected, protection is carried out, after the impact device 106 then drives the impact device 108 to act along the guide device, when the high-pressure gas volume in a cavity above the top of the impact device 104 is concentrated to a pressure exceeding a threshold value, the impact device 104 is driven to overcome the limit structure, the conductor 108 is disconnected, at least one fracture is formed on the conductor 108, the circuit connected with the conductor 108 is disconnected, protection is carried out, after the conductors (108 and 111) and the melt 113 are disconnected, the high-pressure gas in the cavity above the top of the impact device 107 is accumulated to the pressure exceeding the threshold value, the impact device 107 is driven to overcome the limit structure to displace along the guide device and enable one small-size end of the impact device 107 to extend out of the outside the shell, an indication circuit is connected, the circuit is indicated to generate fault, the protection is stimulated, and the protection is required to be maintained.

When the conductor 108 and the conductor 111 are connected in series to the same circuit for protection, the operation principle is the same as that described above, the impact device 106 firstly operates to disconnect the conductor 111 and the melt 113, the impact device 104 then operates to disconnect the conductor 108, and the impact device 107 finally operates after the impact device 104 and the impact device 106 are operated.

Example 4

This embodiment is formed using four a sections. Referring to fig. 14 to 18, four independent cavities are opened on the upper and lower cases 303 and 312, and since the lower ends of the independent cavities do not penetrate the lower case, in the present embodiment, a bottom cover is not provided. In each individual cavity, an impact device (304, 305, 306, 307) is arranged, and between the upper housing 303 and the lower housing 312, a conductor (308, 309, 310, 311) is arranged, respectively. The impingement device and conductor structure in each individual cavity are identical. The impact device 304 is illustrated as an example. Referring to fig. 16, the impact ends of the impact devices (304, 305, 306, 307) are of a constricted cross-sectional configuration, similar to an inverted trapezoidal configuration. The bottom structure of the separate cavity portion in the lower housing 312 is shaped to match the shape of the impact end structure of the impact device to facilitate intimate contact with the bottom of the separate cavity in the lower housing when the impact device is displaced into position, as seen in fig. 18, to fully insulate the conductor portions on either side of the conductor break from the impact device, to prevent arcing and to further enhance arc extinction.

The distance between the top of the impact device (304, 305, 306) and the top of the cavity where the impact device (304, 305, 306) is zero, the cavity where the excitation source 301 is located is communicated with the top of the cavity where the impact device (304, 305, 306) is located through a flow channel, and the flow size is the same. The top of the impact device 307 is kept a certain distance from the top of the cavity, the cavity of the excitation source 301 is communicated with the cavity above the top of the impact device 307 through a flow channel, and the size of the flow cross section is smaller than that of the flow channel of the cavity of the excitation source 301 communicated with the cavity of the impact device (304, 305, 306). A pressure adjusting device 302 is arranged on a flow passage where the cavity of the impact device 307 is communicated with the cavity of the excitation source 301, and the pressure adjusting device is a pressure adjusting rod 302.

As can be seen from the above, in this example, the impact devices (304, 305, 306) simultaneously operate to disconnect the conductors (308, 309, 310), at least one break is formed in each conductor, and the impact device 307 operates to disconnect the conductor 311 after the impact devices (304, 305, 306) operate, at least one break is formed in the conductor 311.

The excitation protection device in the structural form of embodiment 4 can be used for the protection of a three-phase four-wire system line of a low-voltage distribution system, three conductors (308, 309, 310) are respectively externally connected to A, B, C three phases of the three-phase four-wire system line, another conductor 311 is externally connected to a neutral line N of the three-phase four-wire system line, when the three-phase four-wire system line needs to be disconnected for protection, an excitation source 301 receives excitation signals to act, high-pressure gas is released, an impact device (304, 305, 306) acts simultaneously, the conductors (308, 309, 310) respectively connected with the three phases are disconnected, the A, B, C three-phase line is disconnected firstly, after the three-phase line is disconnected, the pressure of the high-pressure gas in a space above the top of the impact device 307 exceeds a threshold value, the impact device 307 is driven to act to disconnect the conductor 311 connected to the neutral line, and then the neutral line N is disconnected.

Fig. 19 shows another embodiment of example 4, in which the pressure adjusting device is not provided in the flow passage where the cavity where the impact device 307 is located communicates.

Example 5

Fig. 20 is another embodiment of example 4, in which the case includes an upper case 402 and a lower case 411, which is different from example 4 in the positional relationship of the excitation source 401 in the upper case 402. The cavity where the excitation source 401 is located is communicated with the top of the cavity where the impact device (404, 405) is located through a flow channel, and the distance between the top of the impact device and the top of the cavity where the impact device is located is zero. The size of the flow channel communicating between the cavity where the excitation source 401 is located and the top of the cavity where the impact devices (404, 405) are located is the same. The cavity where the excitation source 401 is located is communicated with the cavity above the tops of the impact devices (403, 406) through a flow channel, and a space is reserved between the tops of the impact devices (403, 406) and the top of the cavity where the impact devices are located, wherein the space is the same in size. The cavity in which the excitation source 401 is located is the same size as the flow channel communicating with the portion of the cavity above the top of the impingement device (403, 406). According to the above structure, the conductors (408, 409) are disconnected by the simultaneous operation of the impact devices (404, 405) when the excitation source 301 is capable of driving the impact devices (404, 405), at least one fracture is formed in each of the conductors, and after the impact devices (404, 405) are operated, the conductors (407, 410) are disconnected by the operation of the impact devices (403, 406), at least one fracture is formed in each of the conductors (407, 410).

In the above embodiments, the conductors in the structures of the a part and the c part may be connected in parallel to protect different circuits, or may be connected in series to protect the same circuit. The corresponding impact devices can act simultaneously or sequentially as required whether the conductors are connected in parallel or in series.

And the part b structure of the energy release circuit is connected, the energy release circuit can be connected with a load in each protected circuit, the residual energy of the load is released, and the maintenance safety performance is improved. The energy release circuit can also only be connected with a load in a protected circuit to release residual energy. The principle of the energy release circuit in the protection circuit to which the part b is connected is that the impact device of the part b acts after the circuit of the load connected with the impact device is disconnected, and the energy release circuit is connected to release energy.

The part d is freely combined with the part a structure, the part b structure and the part c structure, and the actions of the part d are that after the actions of the part a structure, the part b structure and the part c structure are all completed, the actions are performed to instruct the excitation protection device to complete the actions of the protection circuit, and the circuit is reminded of faults and needs maintenance.

In the above embodiments, a plurality of breaking weak points may be disposed on each conductor, and the impact end of the impact device corresponding to the breaking weak points may be designed to correspond to the breaking weak points to be broken according to the requirement, that is, the impact end of one impact device may have a plurality of impact heads, the heights of the plurality of impact heads may be the same or different, and when the impact device breaks the conductor, a plurality of breaks may be formed on one conductor simultaneously or sequentially, so as to improve the breaking capability of the excitation protection device.

According to the excitation protection device, the sequential action of the impact device is regulated by controlling the size of a communication flow channel between the cavity where the single excitation source is positioned and the cavity where the impact device is positioned and the size of a space between the top of the impact device and the top of the cavity where the impact device is positioned. The method avoids using different excitation sources to control the action sequence of the impact device, saves the use amount of the excitation sources, simplifies assembly parts and reduces production cost.

Claims

1. The excitation protection device for multi-path air pressure distribution comprises a shell, an excitation source, an impact device and conductors, and is characterized in that the shell is internally provided with the excitation source and at least two impact devices, at least one conductor is arranged in the shell in a penetrating manner corresponding to each impact device, and two ends of the conductor extend out of the shell respectively; in the shell, the impact devices are positioned in different cavities, the cavities are not communicated with each other, the cavity in which the excitation source is positioned is communicated with the cavity in which the impact devices are positioned through at least one runner, the cross-sectional area size and the length of the runner corresponding to the cavity in which the impact devices are positioned are the same or different, and the distance between the runner and the excitation source is the same or different;

The excitation source receives an excitation signal to actuate each impact device to displace simultaneously or sequentially, wherein at least one impact device breaks the conductor corresponding to the impact device in the displacement process, and at least one fracture is formed on the conductor.

2. The multi-path air pressure distribution excitation protection device according to claim 1, wherein the conductor corresponding to one of the impact devices in the shell consists of a first conductive piece and a second conductive piece which are not connected with each other, one ends of the first conductive piece and the second conductive piece are positioned outside the shell, the other ends of the first conductive piece and the second conductive piece are positioned in a cavity corresponding to the impact devices, the excitation source is arranged in a staggered mode, and the excitation source drives the impact devices to drive the first conductive piece and the second conductive piece to be connected in a conductive mode according to the received excitation signal.

3. The multi-path air pressure distribution excitation protection device according to claim 1, wherein an independent cavity is further arranged in the shell, an impact device used for indication is arranged in the independent cavity, the independent cavity is communicated with the cavity where the excitation source is located or is communicated with the cavity where other impact devices are located, the excitation source drives one end of the impact device used for indication to extend out of the shell according to the received excitation signal action, and one end extending out of the shell can be communicated with an indication circuit located outside the excitation protection device or one end of the impact device extending out of the shell is provided with an indication device.

4. A multi-path air pressure distribution excitation protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a limiting structure for limiting the initial position of the impact device is arranged between the impact device and the cavity in which the impact device is positioned.

5. A multi-way pneumatic distribution excitation protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a guide means for guiding displacement of the impact device is provided between the impact device and the cavity in which it is located.

6. A multi-path gas pressure distribution excitation protection device according to any one of claims 1 or 3, wherein at least one melt is connected in parallel to at least one of said conductors, and said impingement device corresponding thereto is operable to sequentially disconnect said conductors from said melt.

7. The multi-way gas pressure dispensing activation protection device of claim 6 wherein a fuse cutout is provided on one or both sides of the melt break, the fuse cutout being located in an arc extinguishing chamber provided in the housing.

8. The multi-path air pressure distribution excitation protection device according to claim 7, wherein a push block is arranged in a shell on one side of the melt close to the conductor, and the impact device drives the push block to break the melt after breaking the conductor.

9. The multi-way air pressure dispensing activation protection device of claim 8 wherein said push block is in sealing contact with the cavity in which it is located near one end of said melt.

10. The multi-way gas pressure distribution excitation protection device according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein at least one break-away weakness is provided in the conductor and the melt in the direction of displacement of the impingement device.

11. The multi-path air pressure distribution excitation protection device according to claim 2, wherein a rotation weak point is formed on the first conductive member located in the shell, one end of the second conductive member is bent towards the advancing direction of the impact device to form an inclined surface structure, and the impact device drives one end of the first conductive member to be in conductive contact with the inclined surface structure of the second conductive member after bending along the rotation weak point.

12. The excitation protection device for multiple air pressure distribution according to any one of claims 1 to 3, 7 to 9, 11, wherein pressure regulating means is provided on at least one flow path.