Small-size high-bearing planetary roller screw
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of servo transmission mechanisms, and particularly relates to a planetary roller screw which is applied to an electromechanical actuator and can work in a narrow space, a large-load working condition and a salt mist damp and hot environment.
Background
At present, the ball screw is widely applied to electromechanical actuators in the field of aerospace and aviation, and the control surface of an aircraft is pushed to deflect. Planetary roller screws are gradually replacing traditional ball screws by virtue of their high stiffness, high load bearing, high reliability, long life and the like. The original planetary roller screw comprises: sleeve, nut, connecting screw, lead screw, I retaining ring, I ring gear screw, I planet carrier, roller, II retaining ring, II ring gear screw, II planet carrier and retaining ring screw. The transmission principle is as follows: the screw rod inputs rotating speed and torque, and the screw rod forms thread rolling type transmission through the outer surface threads of the screw rod, the outer surface threads of the roller and the inner surface threads of the nut, and finally the nut outputs linear speed and thrust.
The prior technical scheme has the following limitations: a) in order to facilitate the installation of the first check ring, the first inner gear ring and the first inner gear ring screw, the sleeve and the nut are arranged into two independent parts which are mutually nested and connected through the connecting screw, so that the radial size of the electromechanical actuator is larger, the total weight of the electromechanical actuator is heavier, the size and the total weight of the electromechanical actuator are further increased, and the realization of miniaturization and high power density of the electromechanical actuator is not facilitated; b) the shapes of the screw threads on the outer surface of the screw rod, the screw threads on the outer surface of the roller and the screw threads on the inner surface of the nut are regular 60-degree triangles, deformation under a heavy load working condition is not considered, the transmission efficiency under the heavy load is low, and failure is easy to generate under an extreme load working condition; c) all parts are made of GCr15 bearing steel materials, and even if the surface of each part is blackened, the parts cannot reliably work for a long time in salt mist and damp-heat harsh environments, and are easy to rust and corrode, so that the parts are stuck.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problem of providing a small-sized high-bearing planetary roller screw, which can obviously reduce the weight and the volume, can work efficiently under a heavy-load working condition and simultaneously avoid the problems of rusting, corrosion and blocking under salt fog and damp and hot harsh environments.
The utility model provides a small-size high planet roller lead screw that bears, includes sleeve, nut, lead screw 2, the I planet carrier 4, the II planet carrier 5, roller 3, ring gear 6, retaining ring 7, ring gear screw 8, retaining ring screw 9, its characterized in that includes: the sleeve and the nut are an integrated nut sleeve 1.
Further, the integrated nut sleeve 1 comprises a fine thread 10, a sleeve structure 11, a tool withdrawal groove 12, a guide square key 13, an inner gear ring mounting threaded hole 14 and a nut transmission thread 15; the fine thread 10 is connected with an external load; the sleeve structure 11 is used for accommodating the axial movement of the screw rod 2; the tool withdrawal groove 12 is used for accommodating the first planet carrier 4; the guide square key 13 is arranged in a square groove of the electromechanical actuator shell, prevents the integrated nut sleeve 1 from rotating along the axial direction and guides the integrated nut sleeve to move back and forth along the axial direction; the ring gear mounting threaded hole 14 provides a ring gear 6 mounting interface.
Further, the screw rod 2 comprises a lightening hole 16, a screw rod transmission thread 17 and a support bearing mounting structure 18; wherein the lightening holes 16 are hollow structures; the support bearing mounting structure 18 is for mounting a pair of thrust bearings;
one end of each of the two ends of each of the rollers 3 is provided with an I mounting post 19, a II mounting post 22 and a gear thread structure 21, the I mounting post 19 is matched with an I roller mounting hole 26 on the I planet carrier 4, the II mounting post 22 is matched with an II roller mounting hole 27 on the II planet carrier 5, and the gear thread structure 21 is meshed with an internal gear 25 arranged on the internal gear ring 6 to ensure the relative position relation among the rollers 3;
the retainer ring 7 comprises a groove structure 28 and a countersunk through hole 29; wherein the recess formation 28 is adapted to receive the head of the ring gear screw 8; the countersunk through holes 29 are used for mounting the retainer screws 9.
Further, the thread shapes of the integrated nut sleeve 1, the screw rod 2 and the roller 3 are all composed of 4 sections of circular arcs R1, R2, R3 and R4; wherein R1 and R3 are tooth side bearing surfaces, and the radius of R1 and R3 is 2-5 times of the thread pitch; r2 is a crest transition arc, and the radius of R2 is 1/30-1/100 of the pitch P; r4 is a root transition arc, and the radius of R4 is 1/30-1/100 of the pitch P; the tooth form angle alpha is 55-45 degrees.
Further, the integrated nut sleeve 1, the screw rod 2, the roller 3, the first planet carrier 4, the second planet carrier 5 and the inner gear ring 6 are all made of 9Cr18 or 9Cr18MoV stainless steel materials, the size of the part is processed in place after the hardness of the part reaches HRC 56-HRC 60 through heat treatment, and finally low-temperature ion nitriding treatment is carried out, wherein the nitriding temperature is 300-400 ℃, and the depth of a nitriding layer is 0.05-0.15 mm; the check ring 7, the inner gear ring screw 8 and the check ring screw 9 are all made of stainless steel materials with carbon content less than 1.2%, and surface passivation treatment is carried out after the size processing is in place.
The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are:
a) the sleeve and the nut in the traditional planetary roller screw transmission mechanism are integrated, and a connecting screw is omitted. The improvement can greatly reduce the radial dimension, reduce the overall weight and increase the axial rigidity on the premise of the same performance.
b) After the first check ring and the first inner gear ring are removed, the original function of keeping the relative position relation is not influenced, the number of parts is simplified, the complexity of assembly is reduced, and the work reliability of the assembly is improved.
c) The thread tooth shape consisting of 4 sections of circular arcs can effectively avoid the jamming caused by thread deformation under heavy load and high temperature working conditions; compared with the traditional triangular thread, the thread with the 4-section arc tooth shape can obviously improve the ultimate bearing capacity, and the 4-section arc tooth shape is more than 1.5 times of the bearing capacity of the triangular tooth shape.
d) After the 9Cr18 (or 9Cr18MoV) stainless steel thread tooth is subjected to low-temperature ion nitriding treatment, the tooth surface hardness can reach more than HRC65, the fatigue life of the thread tooth surface can be obviously prolonged, the corrosion resistance and the rust resistance are improved, and the stainless steel thread tooth can reliably work in salt spray and damp-heat environments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an outline drawing of a small high-bearing planetary roller screw;
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a small high-load planetary roller screw;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a small high-load planetary roller filament two-dimensional bar;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the integrated nut sleeve;
FIG. 5 is a drawing of the lead screw profile;
FIG. 6 is a roller profile view;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of a thread profile.
FIG. 8 is an outline drawing of an inner gear ring;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the first planet carrier;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a second planet carrier;
FIG. 11 is an outline view of the retainer ring.
In the figure: 1-integrated nut sleeve, 2-screw rod, 3-roller, 4-first planet carrier, 5-second planet carrier, 6-inner gear ring, 7-retainer ring, 8-inner gear ring screw, 9-retainer ring screw, 10-fine thread, 11-sleeve structure, 12-tool withdrawal groove, 13-guide square key, 14-inner gear ring mounting threaded hole, 15-nut transmission thread, 16-lightening hole, 17-screw rod transmission thread, 18-support bearing mounting structure, 19-first mounting column, 20-roller transmission thread, 21-gear thread structure, 22-second mounting column, 23-inner gear ring mounting through hole, 24-retainer ring mounting threaded hole, 25-inner gear, 26-first mounting hole, 26-second mounting hole, 27-the II roller mounting hole, 28-groove structure and 29-countersunk through hole
Disclosure of Invention
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, the invention provides a small-sized high-load planetary roller screw, comprising: the planet carrier comprises an integrated nut sleeve 1, a screw rod 2, a roller 3, an I (the first) planet carrier 4, an II (the second) planet carrier 5, an inner gear ring 6, a check ring 7, an inner gear ring screw 8 and a check ring screw 9.
The integral nut sleeve 1 integrates the original sleeve and the nut, meanwhile, the first check ring and the first inner gear ring are removed, the first planet carrier 4 ensures the relative position relation between the rollers 3 at one end, and the second planet carrier 5 and the inner gear ring 6 ensure the relative position relation between the rollers 3 at the other end.
As shown in fig. 4, the one-piece nut socket 1 includes: fine thread 10, sleeve structure 11, tool withdrawal groove 12, guide square key 13, inner gear ring mounting threaded hole 14 and nut transmission thread 15. Wherein the fine thread 10 functions to connect with an external load; the sleeve structure 11 has the function of an original sleeve, and the inner part of the sleeve structure is used for accommodating the axial movement of the screw rod 2; the tool withdrawal groove 12 is a process structure reserved for machining a nut transmission thread 15 and has a function of accommodating the first planet carrier 4; the guide square key 13 is arranged in a square groove of the electromechanical actuator shell to prevent the integrated nut sleeve 1 from rotating along the axial direction and guide the integrated nut sleeve to move back and forth along the axial direction; the inner gear ring mounting threaded hole 14 has the function of providing an inner gear ring 6 mounting interface; the thread tooth form on the nut transmission thread 15 is enlarged to be nine in the attached drawing.
As shown in fig. 5, the screw 2 includes: lightening holes 16, screw rod transmission threads 17 and a support bearing mounting structure 18. The lightening holes 16 are hollow structures and are used for reducing the moment of inertia during rotation and lightening the whole weight; the thread tooth form on the screw rod transmission thread 17 is enlarged to be nine in the attached drawing; the support bearing mounting structure 18 is used to mount a pair of thrust bearings, such as a pair of angular contact bearings or a pair of tapered roller bearings.
As shown in fig. 6, 8, 9 and 10, the first mounting post 19 is disposed at one end of each of the two ends of the roller 3, the second mounting post 22 and the gear thread structure 21 are disposed, the first mounting post 19 is engaged with the first roller mounting hole 26 of the first planet carrier 4, the second mounting post 22 is engaged with the second roller mounting hole 27 of the second planet carrier 5, and the gear thread structure 21 is engaged with the internal gear 25 disposed on the internal gear ring 6 to ensure the relative position relationship between the rollers 3. The thread profile on the roller drive thread 20 is enlarged to figure nine.
As shown in figure 7, the shapes of the screw threads in the integrated nut sleeve 1, the screw rod 2 and the roller 3 are all 4 sections of circular arcs (R)1、R2、R3、R4) And (4) forming. Wherein R is1And R3Is a flank bearing surface, R1And R3The value of (A) is 2 to 5 times of the pitch P. R2Is a crest transition arc, R 21/30-1/10 with pitch P0。R4Is a root transition arc, R4The pitch is 1/30-1/100 of the pitch P. The tooth form angle alpha is 55-45 degrees.
As shown in fig. 11, the retainer ring 7 includes a groove structure 28 and a countersunk through hole 29. Wherein the recess formation 28 is adapted to receive the head of the ring gear screw 8; the countersunk through holes 29 are used for mounting the retainer screws 9.
The shapes of the screw threads on the following 3 parts are all 4 sections of circular arcs R1、R2、R3、R4Consists of the following components: the nut comprises an integrated nut sleeve 1, a screw rod 2 and a roller 3. Wherein R is1And R3Is a flank bearing surface, R1And R3The radius of (A) is 2 to 5 times of the pitch P. R2Is a crest transition arc, R2The radius is 1/30-1/100 of the pitch P. R4Is a root transition arc, R4The radius is 1/30-1/100 of the pitch P. The tooth form angle alpha is 55-45 degrees.
The following 6 parts: the integrated nut sleeve 1, the screw rod 2, the roller 3, the first planet carrier 4, the second planet carrier 5 and the inner gear ring 6 are all made of 9Cr18 or 9Cr18MoV stainless steel materials, the size of parts is processed in place after the hardness of the parts reaches HRC 56-HRC 60 through heat treatment, finally low-temperature ion nitriding treatment is carried out, the nitriding temperature is 300-400 ℃, and the depth of a nitriding layer is 0.05-0.15 mm, so that the hardness of a tooth surface is increased, the contact fatigue strength and the corrosion resistance are improved, the low-temperature ion nitriding deformation is small, and the shape accuracy of threads is not influenced. The following 3 parts: the check ring 7, the inner gear ring screw 8 and the check ring screw 9 are all made of stainless steel materials with carbon content less than 1.2%, and surface passivation treatment is carried out after the size processing is in place.