CN113803166B - Cold-heat poly-generation coupling system based on gas turbine Kalina combined cycle and operation method - Google Patents
Cold-heat poly-generation coupling system based on gas turbine Kalina combined cycle and operation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113803166B CN113803166B CN202111212081.8A CN202111212081A CN113803166B CN 113803166 B CN113803166 B CN 113803166B CN 202111212081 A CN202111212081 A CN 202111212081A CN 113803166 B CN113803166 B CN 113803166B
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 166
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical class N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 142
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 54
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 45
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013526 supercooled liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/18—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
- F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
- F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
- F01K25/106—Ammonia
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
- F25B15/02—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas
- F25B15/06—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas the refrigerant being water vapour evaporated from a salt solution, e.g. lithium bromide
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
- F25B27/02—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using waste heat, e.g. from internal-combustion engines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
- Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
- Y02B30/625—Absorption based systems combined with heat or power generation [CHP], e.g. trigeneration
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a combined cycle combined heat and power cogeneration coupling system based on a gas turbine Kalina and an operation method, wherein the system comprises: a first compressor; the first regenerator is used for preheating; the combustion chamber is used for outputting flue gas; a gas turbine; a separator for outputting saturated ammonia-rich vapor and saturated ammonia-lean solution; a second regenerator for heating saturated ammonia-rich steam output from the separator with a portion of the exhaust gas output from the gas turbine; an ammonia turbine; the third regenerator is used for heating the saturated lean ammonia solution output by the separator; the first mixer is used for outputting a basic ammonia water solution mixed working medium; a first condenser for outputting a supercooled basic aqueous ammonia solution; a first evaporator; the second mixer is used for mixing and outputting the first air suction and the second air suction; and the cooling and heating module. The system can save energy and reduce emission, fully utilizes the waste heat flue gas of the gas turbine, and meets the heat supply and cold supply requirements while supplying power.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of distributed energy power generation, and particularly relates to a combined heat and power cogeneration coupling system based on a gas turbine Kalina combined cycle and an operation method.
Background
The energy structure taking fossil energy as the dominant causes a series of problems of environmental deterioration, unreasonable energy structure and the like; three major problems faced by current carbon-based energy sources are: high energy consumption, high carbon emission and high pollution. Coal is still the main fossil energy source used currently, and for the development of the propulsion energy revolution, the creation of a low-carbon, environment-friendly, reliable and efficient energy system is the primary task of the current energy development. The traditional energy form is single, and the development of energy structure optimization and low-carbon energy in the current society cannot be met; in contrast, distributed energy exhibits absolute advantages by virtue of the characteristics of high energy utilization rate, multi-stage utilization, small environmental pollution and the like. Under the scientific energy utilization principle of 'temperature opposite port and cascade utilization', natural gas is subjected to cascade utilization of energy, and the advantages of high heat value, convenience and small pollution are fully exerted.
The distributed energy Combined cooling HEATING AND Power is a novel energy-saving technology, which realizes refrigeration, power supply and heat supply, meets the diversified demands of users, and is attractive in most countries by virtue of the advantages of high efficiency, reliability, environmental protection, flexibility and the like. Therefore, the number of distributed energy sources will gradually increase in the future, and the proportion of the distributed energy sources in the energy source structure will increase, but the problem is that the management cost and difficulty are both increased.
The fuel of the gas turbine usually adopts natural gas as fuel, the outlet of the gas turbine usually has higher temperature, and the traditional gas turbine waste heat flue gas usually adopts gas-steam combined cycle, and has modes of 'one-to-one' or 'one-to-two', and the like; the combined cycle of gas and steam can only supply power, has single form and can not meet the energy structure requirement of the current society. Therefore, a reasonable distributed energy system is needed to be provided, waste heat temperature is utilized in a gradient manner, and a distributed energy power generation system for combined heat and power generation is provided for users.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a combined cycle combined heat and power cogeneration coupling system based on a gas turbine Kalina and an operation method thereof, which are used for solving one or more technical problems. The system can save energy and reduce emission, fully utilizes the waste heat flue gas of the gas turbine, and meets the heat supply and cold supply requirements while supplying power.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The invention discloses a combined cycle combined cooling, heating and power poly-generation coupling system based on a gas turbine Kalina, which comprises the following components:
The first compressor is used for acquiring compressed air;
the first heat regenerator is used for inputting fuel and compressed air acquired by the first compressor and preheating the fuel and the compressed air;
The combustion chamber is used for inputting the fuel and the compressed air preheated by the first heat regenerator, and carrying out fuel combustion to output flue gas in a preset temperature range;
the gas turbine is used for inputting the flue gas output by the combustion chamber and performing expansion work so as to drive the generator to generate electricity;
The separator is used for inputting the basic ammonia water solution of the two-phase region and separating, and outputting saturated ammonia-rich steam and saturated ammonia-lean solution;
a second regenerator for heating saturated ammonia-rich steam output by the separator with a portion of the exhaust gas output by the gas turbine;
The ammonia turbine is used for converting the heat energy of the saturated ammonia-rich steam heated by the second heat regenerator into mechanical energy so as to drive the generator to generate electricity;
a third regenerator for heating the saturated lean ammonia solution output by the separator;
The first mixer is used for carrying out isobaric mixing on the dead steam output by the ammonia turbine and the saturated lean ammonia solution heated by the third heat regenerator, and outputting a basic ammonia water solution mixed working medium;
The first condenser is used for condensing the basic ammonia water solution mixed working medium output by the first mixer into supercooled basic ammonia water solution; the supercooled basic ammonia solution is used as a heating medium when the third regenerator heats the saturated lean ammonia solution;
The first evaporator is used for exchanging heat between the basic ammonia water solution after the heat exchange of the third heat regenerator and a part of exhaust gas after the heat exchange of the second heat regenerator; the exhaust gas after heat exchange of the first evaporator is used as the exhaust gas of the first evaporator and is used as a heating medium for preheating of the first heat regenerator; the basic ammonia solution after heat exchange of the first evaporator is a basic ammonia solution in a two-phase area and is used for being output to the separator;
The second mixer is used for mixing and outputting the first air suction and the second air suction; the first air extraction is the other part of air extraction of the gas turbine exhaust, and the second air extraction is the other part of exhaust after heat exchange of the second heat regenerator;
And the cooling and heating module is used for realizing heat supply and cooling based on the output of the second mixer.
A further improvement of the present invention is that the cooling and heating module includes:
the heat exchanger is used for exchanging heat of two fluid media according to the output of the second mixer and outputting heat;
The heat storage tank is used for storing the heat output by the heat exchanger;
the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration module is used for inputting the flue gas after heat exchange of the heat exchanger, carrying out heat exchange of two fluid media and outputting cold energy;
And the cold storage tank is used for storing the cold output by the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration module.
A further improvement of the invention is that the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration module is also used for inputting the output of the second mixer to regulate the refrigeration capacity.
The invention further improves that the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration module comprises: the device comprises a first generator, a second condenser, a second evaporator, a fourth regenerator, a fifth regenerator and an absorber;
The first generator is provided with a flue gas inlet, a flue gas outlet, a cold flow inlet, a gas phase outlet and a liquid phase outlet; the second generator is provided with a gas phase inlet, a liquid phase inlet, a first gas phase outlet, a second gas phase outlet and a liquid phase outlet;
The flue gas inlet and the flue gas outlet of the first generator are respectively used for leading in and leading out flue gas; the cold flow inlet of the first generator is communicated with the outlet of the absorber through the cold flow channels of the fourth heat regenerator and the fifth heat regenerator in sequence;
The gas phase outlet of the first generator is communicated with the gas phase inlet of the second generator, and the liquid phase outlet of the first generator is communicated with the liquid phase inlet of the second generator through the heat flow channel of the fourth heat regenerator;
The liquid phase outlet of the second generator is communicated with the first inlet of the absorber through the heat flow channel of the fifth heat regenerator; the first gas phase outlet and the second gas phase outlet of the second generator are communicated with the second inlet of the absorber through the heat flow channels of the second condenser and the second evaporator in sequence.
A further improvement of the present invention is that it further comprises:
and the first generator is used for generating electricity based on the driving of the gas turbine.
A further improvement of the present invention is that it further comprises:
And the second generator is used for generating electricity based on the driving of the ammonia turbine.
A further improvement of the present invention is that it further comprises:
and the heat flow outlet of the condenser is communicated with the heat inlet of the third heat regenerator through the working medium pump.
A further improvement of the present invention is that,
The first compressor is provided with an inlet and an outlet;
The first heat regenerator is provided with a first cold flow inlet, a first cold flow outlet, a second cold flow inlet, a second cold flow outlet, a first hot flow inlet and a first hot flow outlet; the first cold flow inlet is used for introducing fuel; the second cold flow inlet is communicated with the outlet of the first compressor;
The combustion chamber is provided with a first inlet, a second inlet and an outlet; the first inlet of the combustion chamber is communicated with the first cold flow outlet of the first heat regenerator, and the second inlet of the combustion chamber is communicated with the second cold flow outlet of the first heat regenerator;
the gas turbine is provided with an inlet and an outlet; the inlet of the gas turbine is communicated with the outlet of the combustion chamber;
The second heat regenerator is provided with a cold flow inlet, a cold flow outlet, a hot flow inlet and a hot flow outlet; the heat flow inlet of the second heat regenerator is communicated with the outlet of the gas turbine;
the ammonia turbine is provided with an inlet and an outlet; the inlet of the ammonia turbine is communicated with the cold flow outlet of the second heat regenerator;
the first mixer is provided with a first inlet, a second inlet and an outlet; the first inlet of the first mixer is communicated with the outlet of the ammonia turbine;
The first condenser is provided with a cold flow inlet, a cold flow outlet, a hot flow inlet and a hot flow outlet; the hot flow inlet of the first condenser is communicated with the outlet of the first mixer; the cold flow inlet and the cold flow outlet of the condenser are respectively used for leading in and out a cooling medium;
The third heat regenerator is provided with a cold flow inlet, a cold flow outlet, a hot flow inlet and a hot flow outlet; the hot flow outlet of the condenser is communicated with the cold flow inlet of the third heat regenerator; the heat flow outlet of the third heat regenerator is communicated with the second inlet of the first mixer after passing through a first throttle valve;
The separator is provided with an inlet, a gas phase outlet and a liquid phase outlet; the liquid phase outlet of the separator is communicated with the heat flow inlet of the third heat regenerator; the gas phase outlet of the separator is communicated with the cold flow inlet of the second heat regenerator;
The first evaporator is provided with a cold flow inlet, a cold flow outlet, a hot flow inlet and a hot flow outlet; the cold flow inlet of the first evaporator is communicated with the cold flow outlet of the third heat regenerator; the cold flow outlet of the first evaporator is communicated with the inlet of the separator; the hot flow inlet of the first evaporator is communicated with the cold flow outlet of the second heat regenerator; the heat flow outlet of the first evaporator is communicated with the heat flow inlet of the first heat regenerator;
The second mixer is provided with a first inlet, a second inlet and an outlet; the first inlet of the second mixer is communicated with the outlet of the gas turbine, and the second inlet of the second mixer is communicated with the hot flow outlet of the second heat regenerator.
The invention discloses an operation method of a combined cycle combined cooling, heating and power poly-generation coupling system based on a gas turbine Kalina, which comprises the following steps:
The air is sent into a first compressor, and compressed air after compression treatment is output; the compressed air and the fuel are preheated by the second heater, and are sent into the combustion chamber for mixed combustion together after being preheated, so as to generate smoke; the flue gas expands in the gas turbine to do work and is used for driving the generator to generate electric energy;
Part of exhaust gas of the gas turbine sequentially passes through the second heat regenerator and the first evaporator, and the temperature of the flue gas is gradually reduced;
The exhaust gas of the gas turbine is subjected to first air extraction, and the flue gas at the outlet of the second heat regenerator is subjected to second air extraction; the first air extraction temperature is greater than the second air extraction temperature, the flue gas temperature of the cooling and heating module after the second mixer is adjusted by adjusting the proportion of the first air extraction to the second air extraction, and one part of the flue gas after the second mixer is mixed is used for heating and the other part is used for cooling.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
The system can save energy and reduce emission, fully utilizes the waste heat flue gas of the gas turbine, and realizes the supply of power and simultaneously satisfies the heat supply and the cold supply; in addition, the system of the invention has diversified forms, so that the system is small and flexible, and can meet different user demands. Specifically, the system is a novel distributed energy source cold-heat-power poly-generation coupling system, and fully utilizes the waste heat temperature of the gas turbine to realize cold-heat-power poly-generation; the invention comprises a gas turbine module, a high-temperature Kalina module and a cooling and heating module, adopts the idea of cascade utilization of energy sources, preheats fuel at the inlet of a combustion chamber, reduces heat loss of the combustion chamber, utilizes the high-temperature Kalina circulation and cooling and heating technology to realize waste heat of high-temperature exhaust of the gas turbine, realizes heat supply and cooling while supplying power, and compared with the traditional gas steam combined cycle, the invention adopts cascade utilization of energy sources, high-temperature flue gas generated in the combustion chamber sequentially passes through the inlet of the gas turbine, the exhaust (first air suction), the second air suction, the exhaust and other parts, the temperature is gradually reduced, the gas turbine module and the Kalina circulation module generate electric energy, wherein the Kalina module mainly aims to fully utilize the waste heat of the exhaust of the gas turbine, one part of the waste heat of the flue gas stores the heat in a heat storage tank after the first air suction and the second air suction is mixed, and the other part of the waste heat does not utilize the heat to generate cold under the effect of lithium bromide absorption refrigeration, and the cold energy is stored in the cold storage tank, so that the system realizes three heat and electricity generation, and the heat and three heat source emission, the heat and the heat source emission and the heat supply system are greatly reduced, the heat and the heat source and the heat supply system are not met, and the heat source and the heat supply system is flexible and the heat source and the heat supply system is not flexible.
In the invention, lithium bromide aqueous solution of a lithium bromide absorption refrigeration module circulates, the outlet of the absorber is dilute solution of lithium bromide, and the dilute solution flows through a fifth heat regenerator and a fourth heat regenerator respectively under the supercharging action of a working medium pump, so as to gradually raise the temperature; the lithium bromide solution enters a first generator to absorb the heat of the flue gas, and is converted into high-pressure refrigerant steam, and the lithium bromide solution after temperature and pressure rise is changed into a solution with middle concentration; cooling the lithium bromide in a fourth heat regenerator, and then enabling the lithium bromide to enter a second generator to form a lithium bromide concentrated solution; the lithium bromide concentrated solution enters the absorber after being cooled by the fifth regenerator, and is mixed with the refrigeration absorbent of the refrigeration cycle to generate the lithium bromide dilute solution.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following description of the embodiments or the drawings used in the description of the prior art will make a brief description; it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the drawings in the following description are of some embodiments of the invention and that other drawings may be derived from them without undue effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a gas turbine-Kalina combined cycle cogeneration coupling system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a dual-effect lithium bromide refrigeration module in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
In the figure, 100, a gas turbine module; 200. a Kalina cycle module; 300. a cooling and heating module;
1. a first compressor; 2. a first regenerator; 3. a combustion chamber; 4. a gas turbine; 5. a first generator;
6. A second regenerator; 7. an ammonia turbine; 8. a second generator; 9. a first mixer; 10. a first throttle valve; 11. a third regenerator; 12. a separator; 13. a first evaporator; 14. a working medium pump; 15. a first condenser;
16. A second mixer; 17. a heat storage tank; 18. a heat exchanger; 19. a first regulating valve; 20. a lithium bromide absorption refrigeration module; 21. a cold storage tank;
22. A first generator; 23. a fourth regenerator; 24. a fifth regenerator; 25. a second generator; 26. a second condenser; 27. a second evaporator; 28. an absorber; 29. a second regulating valve; 30. a third regulating valve; 31. and a second throttle valve.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present invention and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the invention described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
Referring to fig. 1, a gas turbine Kalina combined cycle-based combined heat and power cogeneration coupling system according to an embodiment of the invention includes:
a first compressor 1 for compressing air; the first compressor 1 is provided with an inlet and an outlet; the multi-stage centrifugal compressor is adopted as the compressor, and has the advantages of high pressure ratio and high efficiency;
A first regenerator 2 for preheating fuel and compressed air; the first heat regenerator 2 is provided with a first cold flow inlet, a first cold flow outlet, a second cold flow inlet, a second cold flow outlet, a hot flow inlet and a hot flow outlet; the first cold flow inlet is used for introducing fuel; the second cold flow inlet is communicated with the outlet of the first compressor 1;
A combustion chamber 3 for combusting fuel to output flue gas in a preset temperature range; the combustion chamber 3 is provided with a first inlet, a second inlet and a flue gas outlet; a first inlet of the combustion chamber 3 is communicated with a first cold flow outlet of the first heat regenerator 2, and a second inlet of the combustion chamber 3 is communicated with a second cold flow outlet of the first heat regenerator 2;
The gas turbine 4 is used for utilizing the expansion work of the flue gas output by the combustion chamber 3 to drive the generator to generate power; said gas turbine 4 is provided with an inlet and an outlet; the inlet of the gas turbine 4 is communicated with the flue gas outlet of the combustion chamber 3;
A second regenerator 6, configured to heat saturated ammonia-rich steam output from the outlet of the separator 12 by using exhaust gas output from the outlet of the gas turbine 4, so that the saturated ammonia-rich steam forms superheated steam, and improve the working capacity of the ammonia turbine 7; the second heat regenerator 6 is provided with a cold flow inlet, a cold flow outlet, a hot flow inlet and a hot flow outlet; the hot flow inlet of the second heat regenerator 6 is communicated with the outlet of the gas turbine 4;
the ammonia turbine 7 is used for converting high-temperature ammonia-rich steam heat energy into mechanical energy, driving the generator to rotate and converting the mechanical energy into electric energy; the ammonia turbine 7 is provided with an inlet and an outlet; the inlet of the ammonia turbine 7 is communicated with the cold flow outlet of the second heat regenerator 6;
A first mixer 9 for isobarically mixing the turbine exhaust steam with the lean ammonia solution to produce a basic ammonia solution; the first mixer 9 is provided with a first inlet, a second inlet and an outlet; the first inlet of the first mixer 9 is communicated with the outlet of the ammonia turbine 7;
A first condenser 15 for completely condensing the mixed working medium generated by the mixer into a supercooled basic aqueous ammonia solution; the first condenser 15 is provided with a cold flow inlet, a cold flow outlet, a hot flow inlet and a hot flow outlet; the hot flow inlet of the first condenser 15 is in communication with the outlet of the first mixer 9; the cold flow inlet and the cold flow outlet of the first condenser 15 are respectively used for introducing and discharging cooling water;
the third regenerator 11 is used for heating the supercooled basic ammonia water solution by using the saturated lean ammonia solution output by the separator 12, so as to improve the inlet temperature of the working medium at the inlet of the first evaporator 13, and be beneficial to improving the thermal efficiency of high-temperature Kalina cycle; the third heat regenerator 11 is provided with a cold flow inlet, a cold flow outlet, a hot flow inlet and a hot flow outlet; the hot flow outlet of the first condenser 15 is communicated with the cold flow inlet of the third heat regenerator 11; the hot flow outlet of the third heat regenerator 11 is communicated with the second inlet of the first mixer 9 after passing through a first throttle valve 10;
A separator 12 for separating the two-phase zone basic aqueous ammonia solution into a saturated ammonia-rich vapor and a saturated ammonia-lean solution, producing two streams at a constant temperature and pressure; the separator 12 is provided with an inlet, a gas phase outlet and a liquid phase outlet; the liquid phase outlet of the separator 12 is communicated with the heat flow inlet of the third heat regenerator 11; the gas phase outlet of the separator 12 is communicated with the cold flow inlet of the second heat regenerator 6;
The first evaporator 13 is used for heating the basic ammonia water solution, fully utilizing the waste heat of the flue gas, and heating the basic ammonia water solution to a two-phase region; the first evaporator 13 is provided with a cold flow inlet, a cold flow outlet, a hot flow inlet and a hot flow outlet; the cold flow inlet of the first evaporator 13 is communicated with the cold flow outlet of the third heat regenerator 11; the cold flow outlet of the first evaporator 13 is communicated with the inlet of the separator 12; the heat flow inlet of the first evaporator 13 is communicated with the heat flow outlet of the second heat regenerator 6; the heat flow outlet of the first evaporator 13 is communicated with the heat flow inlet of the first heat regenerator 2;
The second mixer 16 is configured to mix the first air exhaust and the second air exhaust, and change the heat of the flue gas entering the cooling and heating module 300 by adjusting the ratio of the first air exhaust to the second air exhaust because the first air exhaust parameter is higher than the second air exhaust, so as to realize adjustment of the cooling capacity and the heat supply capacity; the second mixer 16 is provided with a first inlet, a second inlet and an outlet; the first inlet of the second mixer 16 is communicated with the outlet of the gas turbine 4, and the second inlet of the second mixer 16 is communicated with the hot flow outlet of the second regenerator 6;
and a cooling and heating module 300 for heating and cooling based on the output of the outlet of the second mixer 16.
The embodiment of the invention provides a cold-heat-power poly-generation coupling system based on gas turbine-Kalina combined cycle, which comprises a gas turbine module 100, a high-temperature Kalina circulating module 200 and a cold and heat supply module 300, adopts the idea of cascade utilization of energy sources to preheat fuel at the inlet of a combustion chamber 3, reduces heat loss of the combustion chamber 3, adopts the high-temperature Kalina circulating, cold and heat supply technology to utilize the waste heat of high-temperature exhaust gas of the gas turbine, realizes the supply of power while supplying heat and cold, greatly reduces carbon emission and energy consumption compared with the traditional gas steam combined cycle, and has a multi-energy structure of heat supply, heat supply and power supply, so that the system is small and flexible, faces different users and can meet different user demands. The gas turbine module 100 preheats fuel and compressed air by using the exhaust waste heat of high temperature Kalina, the combustion chamber 3 generates high-temperature and high-pressure gas, the high-parameter gas is sent into the gas turbine 4 to expand and do work, the thermal energy is converted into mechanical energy in the gas turbine 4, and the rotor of the gas turbine 4 and the rotor of the generator rotate to convert the mechanical energy into electric energy. The utilization principle of energy cascade is utilized, and the high-temperature Kalina cycle waste heat utilization technology and the heat supply and heat supply technology are adopted to further utilize the exhaust waste heat of the gas turbine, thereby reducingLoss. The exhaust gas of the gas turbine is partially extracted, the first extraction gas is mixed with the second extraction gas, the cooling and heat supply quantity is adjusted for a user by adjusting the ratio of the flow rates of the first extraction gas and the second extraction gas, the two extraction gases are mixed in the mixer, the two extraction gases enter the heat exchanger 18 to release heat, a part with higher temperature enters the heat storage tank 17 to supply heat for the user, when the heat supply quantity is more, more heat energy is conveyed into the heat storage tank 17, and a part of cooled waste gas is discharged.
The embodiment of the invention adopts a strategy of utilizing the waste heat of the gas turbine by using high-temperature Kalina circulation, adopts a multi-stage heat recovery mode, and in the high-temperature Kalina circulation, the ammonia-rich steam separated by the separator 12 is reheated, so that the acting capacity of the ammonia turbine 7 is improved, the second heat recovery device 6 and the first evaporator 13 fully utilize a mode of gradually decreasing the temperature, and the temperature difference between heat exchange media is small, thereby being causedThe loss is small. Besides, part of exhaust heat flue gas is extracted in the second heat regenerator 6, the flue gas at the outlet of the first evaporator is first exhaust gas, and the first exhaust gas is used for waste heat of fuel and compressed air, so that heat loss of the combustion chamber 3 is reduced.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the cooling and heating module 300 includes:
A heat exchanger 18, wherein the heat exchanger 18 adopts a shell-and-tube heat exchanger for exchanging heat between two media;
A heat storage tank 17, the heat storage tank 17 being for storing heat generated by a heat exchanger 18, the stored heat energy being for user heat supply;
The lithium bromide absorption refrigeration module 20 is used for inputting the residual heat of the flue gas and outputting cold energy, and the output cold energy is stored in the cold storage tank 21; the exemplary optional components include a first generator 22, a fourth regenerator 23, a fifth regenerator 24, a second generator 25, a second condenser 26, a second evaporator 27, an absorber 28, a second regulating valve 29, a third regulating valve 30, and a second throttle valve 31.
The embodiment of the invention further provides a double-effect lithium bromide refrigeration system, which is divided into a lithium bromide aqueous solution circulation and a refrigerant circulation, wherein the lithium bromide aqueous solution absorbs heat of flue gas in the first generator 22 and is converted into high-pressure refrigerant steam, the lithium bromide solution after temperature rise and pressure increase becomes an intermediate concentration solution, the high-pressure refrigerant steam is used as a heat source of the second generator 25, heat is released in the second generator 25, low-pressure refrigerant steam is generated, the low-pressure refrigerant steam is condensed into liquid refrigerant in a condenser, the heat of a refrigerant is absorbed in the second evaporator, and the refrigerant plays a role in transferring cold energy. In addition, in the cooling and heating module, a bypass control is added to lithium bromide absorption refrigeration to regulate the heat entering the lithium bromide absorption refrigerator, so that the refrigerating capacity is regulated. Besides, the temperature of the first air suction is higher than that of the second air suction, so that the adjustment of the flow ratio of the first air suction to the second air suction can also realize the adjustment of cooling and heating. The cold energy generated by lithium bromide absorption refrigeration is transmitted through the cold water, a part of the cold energy provides cold energy for users, and the redundant cold energy is stored in the cold storage tank 21. The corresponding heat energy is also similar, a part of the heat energy generated by the heat exchanger 18 is used for the user to supply heat, and the surplus heat energy is stored in the heat storage tank 17.
The invention provides a coupling system for distributed energy cold-heat poly-generation, which is a cold-heat poly-generation coupling system based on gas turbine Kalina combined cycle, and mainly comprises three parts, namely a gas turbine module 100, a Kalina circulating module 200 and a cold and heat supply module 300.
The gas turbine module 100 mainly comprises a first compressor 1, a first heat regenerator 2, a combustion chamber 3, a gas turbine 4, a first generator 5 and the like; wherein, natural gas is adopted as fuel, and is introduced into the combustion chamber 3 after being preheated by the first heat regenerator 2; the pressure of the air is increased after the air is compressed in the first compressor 1, and the first compressor 1 is connected with the first heat regenerator 2; raising the temperature of the natural gas fuel and compressed air in the first regenerator 2; the combustion chamber 3 is connected with the gas turbine 4, and high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas in the combustion chamber 3 is sent to the gas turbine 4 to expand and do work, so that the first generator 5 is driven to generate electricity.
The Kalina cycle module 200 mainly comprises a first evaporator, a separator 12, a second regenerator 6, an ammonia turbine 7, a second generator 8, a first mixer 9, a third regenerator 11, a first regenerator 2, a condenser and the like; wherein, the exhaust gas of the gas turbine 4 in the gas turbine module 100 firstly passes through the second regenerator 6 and then passes through the first evaporator, and the residual heat flue gas generated by the first evaporator is named as first exhaust gas; the basic ammonia water solution enters the first evaporator to absorb the waste heat of the flue gas, and enters the two-phase zone from the supercooling zone.
Separating the ammonia water solution after temperature rise in a separator to separate saturated ammonia-rich steam and ammonia-poor solution respectively; the saturated ammonia-rich steam enters a high-temperature second heat regenerator 6, the temperature rises again, the saturated ammonia-rich steam enters an ammonia turbine 7 to expand and do work, the ammonia turbine 7 and a second generator 8 are coaxially arranged, a rotor rotating at a high speed drives the generator to generate electricity, and the ammonia-rich steam which completes expansion and doing work in the ammonia turbine 7 enters a first mixer 9.
The saturated lean ammonia solution at the outlet of the lower end of the separator 12 releases a part of heat energy in the third regenerator 11; the cooled lean ammonia solution realizes throttling and depressurization under the action of the second throttling valve 31 until the backpressure of the turbine is consistent; is mixed with ammonia-rich steam in a first mixer 9 to generate basic ammonia water solution; the mixed basic ammonia water solution enters a condenser and is cooled by cooling water to form supercooled liquid; under the action of the working medium pump 14, the pressure is increased, and the basic ammonia water solution is sent to the third regenerator 11 to absorb the heat energy of the high-temperature lean ammonia solution, so as to complete the thermodynamic cycle of the whole high-temperature Kalina.
In the Kalina cycle module 200 of the embodiment of the present invention, the second regenerator 6, the third regenerator 11 and the first evaporator 13 make full use of the small temperature difference between heat exchange mediums, resulting inThe advantage of small loss is that the second regenerator 6 performs a part of air extraction on the waste heat flue gas, which is named as second air extraction, and the second air extraction is used for cooling and heating the module 300.
In the embodiment of the invention, the cooling and heating module 300 comprises a lithium bromide absorption refrigeration module 20, a heat exchanger 18, a heat storage tank 17 and a cold storage tank 21, wherein the heat storage tank 17 and the cold storage tank 21 respectively realize heat supply and cold supply; the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration module 20 employs a double-effect lithium bromide refrigeration system.
The double-effect lithium bromide refrigeration system provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises: the device comprises a first generator 22 (high-pressure generator), a second generator 25 (low-pressure generator), a second condenser 26, a second evaporator 27, a fourth regenerator 23 (high-temperature regenerator), a fifth regenerator 24 (low-temperature regenerator), an absorber 28, a valve and the like; the working medium in the system is lithium bromide water solution, the flue gas plays a role in heat release, the cooling water mainly plays a role in condensation, the cooling water plays a role in cooling medium, and cold energy is provided for users. The double-effect lithium bromide refrigeration system is divided into a lithium bromide aqueous solution cycle and a refrigerant cycle.
Specifically, the aqueous solution of lithium bromide circulates, the outlet of the absorber 28 is a dilute solution of lithium bromide, and the dilute solution flows through the fifth regenerator and the fourth regenerator respectively under the supercharging action of the supercharging working medium pump, so as to gradually raise the temperature; the lithium bromide solution enters a first generator to absorb the heat of the flue gas, and is converted into high-pressure refrigerant steam, and the lithium bromide solution after temperature and pressure rise is changed into a solution with middle concentration; cooling the lithium bromide in a fourth heat regenerator, and then enabling the lithium bromide to enter a second generator to form a lithium bromide concentrated solution; the concentrated lithium bromide solution is cooled by the fifth regenerator and then enters the absorber 28, and is mixed with the refrigeration absorbent of the refrigeration cycle to generate dilute lithium bromide solution. The refrigerant circulates, the high-pressure refrigerant steam enters the second generator 25 and is used as a heat source of the second generator 25, heat is released in the second generator 25 to generate low-pressure refrigerant steam, and the high-pressure refrigerant steam is condensed into refrigerant water; the refrigerant water and low-pressure refrigerant steam enter a condenser together, and are condensed into liquid refrigerant under the action of cooling water; the liquid refrigerant is throttled and depressurized by the second throttle valve 31 and is fed into the second evaporator; in the second evaporator, the liquid refrigerant absorbs heat of the coolant water, so that the coolant water is cooled, and cold energy is transmitted through the coolant water to generate a refrigeration effect; the refrigerant having absorbed heat in the second evaporator is fed to the absorber 28 and mixed with the concentrated lithium bromide solution to produce a dilute lithium bromide solution, eventually completing the entire refrigeration cycle.
In the cooling module, a bypass control is added to lithium bromide absorption refrigeration to regulate the heat entering the lithium bromide absorption refrigerator, so that the refrigerating capacity is regulated. Besides, the temperature of the first air suction is higher than that of the second air suction, so that the adjustment of the flow ratio of the first air suction to the second air suction can also realize the adjustment of cooling and heating. The cold energy generated by lithium bromide absorption refrigeration is transmitted through the cold water, a part of the cold energy provides cold energy for users, and the redundant cold energy is stored in the cold storage tank 21. The corresponding heat energy is also similar, a part of the heat energy generated by the heat exchanger 18 is used for the user to supply heat, and the surplus heat energy is stored in the heat storage tank 17.
The embodiment of the invention discloses an operation method of a combined cycle combined cooling, heating and power poly-generation coupling system based on a gas turbine Kalina, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1, air is sent into a first compressor 1 to be compressed into high-pressure air, then the high-pressure air and fuel are preheated together by a second heater and sent into a combustion chamber 3 together to be mixed and combusted, high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas is generated, the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas expands in a gas turbine 4 to do work to drive a generator to generate electric energy, and the temperature of the flue gas at an exhaust port of the gas turbine 4 is still higher and can be used for a high-temperature Kalina module and a cooling and heating module 300;
Step 2, a part of high-temperature exhaust gas of the gas turbine 4 is used for a high-temperature Kalina module, in the high-temperature Kalina module, the temperature of the exhaust gas sequentially passes through a second heat regenerator 6 and a first evaporator 13, and the temperature of the flue gas is gradually reduced, wherein the flue gas at the outlet of the second heat regenerator 6 is subjected to second air extraction, and the second air extraction is used for cooling and heating the module 300;
step 3, the exhaust gas of the gas turbine 4 is subjected to first air extraction, and the temperature of the first air extraction is higher than that of the second air extraction, so that the temperature of the flue gas entering the cooling and heating module 300 after the second mixer 16 is adjusted by adjusting the proportion of the first air extraction and the second air extraction, and one part of the flue gas after the two air extraction is used for heating and the other part is used for cooling;
Step 4, the flue gas enters a heat exchanger 18 to exchange heat with the heat conduction oil, and the heat conduction oil with the increased temperature is sent into a heat storage tank 17 for heat supply;
In step 5, a part of the flue gas in the heat exchanger 18 is used for the cooling module, and the first regulating valve 19 is adopted as a bypass for regulating, wherein when the bypass flue gas flow is larger, the heat energy entering the cooling module is higher, the flue gas entering the cooling module releases heat to high-pressure refrigerant steam in the first generator 22, releases heat to generate low-pressure refrigerant steam in the second generator 25, the high-pressure refrigerant steam is condensed into refrigerant water, the refrigerant water and the low-pressure refrigerant steam enter the condenser to be condensed into liquid refrigerant, and the liquid refrigerant is throttled and depressurized under the action of the second throttle valve 31 and is sent into the second evaporator. In the second evaporator, the liquid refrigerant absorbs heat of the coolant water to cool the coolant water, cold energy is transferred through the coolant water to generate a refrigeration effect, the coolant absorbs heat and is sent to the absorber 28 to be absorbed by the lithium bromide concentrated solution to generate the lithium bromide dilute solution, the outlet of the absorber 28 is the lithium bromide dilute solution, the lithium bromide dilute solution respectively flows through the fourth regenerator 23 and the fifth regenerator 24 under the supercharging action of the working medium pump 14 to gradually heat, and then enters the first generator 22 to absorb heat of flue gas, and finally the whole thermodynamic cycle is completed.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a gas turbine-Kalina combined cycle cogeneration coupling system, which mainly includes three parts, namely a gas turbine module 100, a Kalina circulation module 200, and a cooling and heating module 300.
In the gas turbine module 100, the first compressor 1, the first regenerator 2, the combustion chamber 3, the gas turbine 4, the first generator 5 and the like are included, natural gas is adopted as fuel, and the pressure of air is increased after the air is compressed in the first compressor 1. In order to improve the heat efficiency, the fuel and the compressed air are sent into the first heat regenerator 2 to exchange heat with the first exhaust gas at the outlet of the high-temperature Kalina first evaporator, so that the temperature of the air entering the combustion chamber 3 is improved, and the heat loss is reduced. The fuel and the high-pressure air are premixed and combusted in the combustion chamber 3 to generate high-temperature and high-pressure fuel gas, the high-parameter fuel gas is sent into the gas turbine 4 to expand and do work, the heat energy is converted into mechanical energy in the gas turbine 4, and the rotor of the gas turbine 4 and the rotor of the generator rotate to convert the mechanical energy into electric energy. Further, the exhaust temperature of the gas turbine 4 is still high, and the heat exchange temperature difference needs to be reduced, thereby reducingAnd the loss is required to further utilize the exhaust waste heat of the gas turbine by adopting other waste heat utilization technologies.
In the Kalina cycle module 200, the first evaporator, the separator, the second regenerator, the ammonia turbine, the generator, the mixer, the third regenerator, the first regenerator, the condenser, and the like are mainly included. The exhaust gas of the gas turbine firstly passes through a second heat regenerator and then passes through an evaporator, the generated waste heat flue gas is named as first exhaust gas, basic ammonia water solution enters the first evaporator at the inlet of the first evaporator to absorb the waste heat of the flue gas, the two-phase region is entered from a supercooling region, the heated first ammonia water solution enters a separator to be separated, saturated ammonia-rich steam and ammonia-poor solution are respectively separated, the saturated ammonia-rich steam enters a high-temperature second heat regenerator, the temperature is raised again, the saturated ammonia-rich steam enters an ammonia turbine to perform expansion work, the ammonia turbine and a generator are coaxially arranged, a rotor rotating at a high speed drives the generator to generate power, and the ammonia-rich steam which completes the expansion work in the ammonia turbine enters a mixer. The temperature pressure of saturated lean ammonia solution at the lower end outlet of the separator is consistent with that of rich ammonia steam at the inlet of an ammonia turbine, so that the saturated lean ammonia solution also has higher heat energy, part of heat energy is released through the third heat regenerator, throttling and depressurization are realized under the action of a throttle valve, the saturated lean ammonia solution and rich ammonia steam are mixed with each other in a mixer at medium pressure to generate basic ammonia solution, the basic ammonia solution enters a condenser and is cooled by cooling water to form supercooled liquid, the pressure is increased under the action of a working medium pump, and the basic ammonia solution is sent to the third heat regenerator to absorb the heat energy of the high-temperature lean ammonia solution, so that the thermodynamic cycle of the whole high-temperature Kalina is completed. The second heat regenerator, the third heat regenerator and the first evaporator make full use of the small temperature difference between heat exchange mediums, resulting inAnd the second heat regenerator is used for carrying out partial air extraction on the waste heat flue gas, and the second air extraction is used for cooling and heating the module.
In the cooling and heating module, lithium bromide absorption refrigeration, a heat exchanger, a heat storage tank and a cold storage tank are respectively contained, and the heat storage tank and the cold storage tank respectively realize heating and cooling.
The exhaust gas of the gas turbine is partially extracted, the first extraction gas and the second extraction gas are mixed, the cooling and heat supply quantity is adjusted for a user by adjusting the ratio of the flow rates of the first extraction gas and the second extraction gas, the two extraction gases are mixed in the mixer and then enter the heat exchanger, after heat exchange, a part with higher temperature enters the heat storage tank to supply heat for the user, when the heat supply is more, more heat energy is conveyed into the heat storage tank, a part of cooled exhaust gas is discharged, and the discharged exhaust gas is used for preheating fuel and air of the gas turbine; and the other part of the flue gas is used for lithium bromide absorption refrigeration to provide cold energy.
Referring to fig. 2, the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration adopts a double-effect lithium bromide refrigeration system, and the system comprises: the system comprises a first generator 22, a fourth heat regenerator 23, a fifth heat regenerator 24, a second generator 25, a second condenser 26, a second evaporator 27, an absorber 28, a second regulating valve 29, a third regulating valve 30, a second throttle valve 31 and the like, wherein working media in the system are lithium bromide water solution, flue gas plays a role in heat release, cooling water mainly plays a role in condensation, and cooling water plays a role in cooling media to provide cooling energy for users.
The double-effect lithium bromide refrigeration system is divided into a lithium bromide aqueous solution cycle and a refrigerant cycle. For the circulation of lithium bromide aqueous solution, the outlet of the absorber 28 is a dilute solution of lithium bromide, the dilute solution respectively flows through the fourth regenerator 23 and the fifth regenerator 24 under the supercharging action of a supercharging working medium pump, gradually heats up, then enters the first generator 22, absorbs the heat of flue gas, is converted into high-pressure refrigerant steam, the lithium bromide solution after heating up and boosting up becomes an intermediate concentration solution, then enters the second generator 25 after being cooled again by the fourth regenerator 23, and the concentrated solution after further concentration enters the absorber 28 after being cooled by the fifth regenerator. In the refrigerant cycle, the high-pressure refrigerant vapor is used as a heat source of the second generator 25, heat is released in the second generator 25, low-pressure refrigerant vapor is generated, the high-pressure refrigerant vapor is condensed into refrigerant water, the refrigerant water and the low-pressure refrigerant vapor enter the second condenser 26 together, the refrigerant is condensed into liquid refrigerant, and the liquid refrigerant is throttled and depressurized by the second throttle valve 31 and is sent into the second evaporator 27. In the second evaporator 27, the liquid refrigerant absorbs heat of the coolant water, so that the coolant water is cooled, cold energy is transferred through the coolant water to generate a refrigeration effect, and the refrigerant in the second evaporator 27 is sent into the absorber 28 after absorbing heat, is absorbed by the lithium bromide concentrated solution to generate a lithium bromide dilute solution, and finally completes the whole refrigeration cycle.
In the cooling and heating module, a bypass control is added to lithium bromide absorption refrigeration, heat entering the lithium bromide absorption refrigerator is regulated, refrigerating capacity is regulated, cold energy generated by lithium bromide absorption refrigeration provides cold energy for a user through a part of cold water, and redundant cold energy is stored in a cold storage tank. The corresponding heat energy is similar, the heat energy generated by the heat exchanger is used for supplying heat to a user, and the redundant heat energy is stored in the heat storage tank.
In summary, the invention discloses a cold-heat-power poly-generation coupling system based on gas turbine-Kalina combined cycle, which comprises a gas turbine module, a high-temperature Kalina module and a cold and heat supply module. The idea of cascade utilization of energy is adopted to preheat fuel at the inlet of the combustion chamber, so that the heat loss of the combustion chamber is reduced, and the waste heat of high-temperature exhaust of the gas turbine is realized by utilizing the high-temperature Kalina circulation and the cooling and heating technology; the double-effect lithium bromide refrigerating system is provided, cold energy is transferred to the cold storage tank through coolant water, and heat energy generated by the heat exchanger is stored in the heat storage tank, so that the heat supply and the cold supply are met while power is supplied; the flow ratio of the first air suction and the second air suction is adjusted, the input heat of the heat supply module is adjusted, the bypass control mode is adopted for lithium bromide refrigeration, and the cooling capacity is adjusted according to the user demand. Compared with the traditional gas-steam combined cycle, the carbon emission and the energy consumption are greatly reduced, and the system meets the heat supply, the heat supply and the power supply diversified energy structure, so that the system is small and flexible, faces different users, and can meet different user demands.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the specific embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is intended to be covered by the claims.
Claims (5)
1. An operation method of a combined cycle combined heat and power cogeneration coupling system based on a gas turbine Kalina is characterized in that,
The combined cycle combined cooling, heating and power poly-generation coupling system based on the gas turbine Kalina comprises:
a first compressor (1) for obtaining compressed air;
The first heat regenerator (2) is used for inputting fuel and compressed air acquired by the first compressor (1) and preheating the fuel and the compressed air;
The combustion chamber (3) is used for inputting the fuel and the compressed air preheated by the first heat regenerator (2) and carrying out fuel combustion to output flue gas in a preset temperature range;
The gas turbine (4) is used for inputting the flue gas output by the combustion chamber (3) and performing expansion work so as to drive the generator to generate electricity;
a separator (12) for inputting the basic ammonia water solution of the two-phase region and separating, and outputting saturated ammonia-rich steam and saturated ammonia-lean solution;
A second regenerator (6) for heating the saturated ammonia-rich steam output by the separator (12) with a portion of the exhaust gas output by the gas turbine (4);
the ammonia turbine (7) is used for converting the heat energy of the saturated ammonia-rich steam heated by the second regenerator (6) into mechanical energy so as to drive the generator to generate electricity;
a third regenerator (11) for exchanging heat of the saturated lean ammonia solution output by the separator (12);
the first mixer (9) is used for carrying out isobaric mixing on the dead steam output by the ammonia turbine (7) and the saturated lean ammonia solution cooled by the third heat regenerator (11) to output a basic ammonia water solution mixed working medium;
The first condenser (15) is used for condensing the basic ammonia water solution mixed working medium output by the first mixer (9) into supercooled basic ammonia water solution; the saturated lean ammonia solution is used as a heating medium when the third regenerator (11) heats the supercooled basic ammonia solution;
A first evaporator (13) for exchanging heat between the basic ammonia solution after heat exchange of the third regenerator (11) and a part of the exhaust gas after heat exchange of the second regenerator (6); the exhaust gas after heat exchange of the first evaporator (13) is used as the exhaust gas of the first evaporator (13) and is used as a heating medium for preheating the first regenerator (2); the basic ammonia solution after heat exchange of the first evaporator (13) is a basic ammonia solution in a two-phase area and is used for being output to the separator (12);
a second mixer (16) for mixing and outputting the first bleed air and the second bleed air; the first air extraction is the other part of exhaust gas output by the gas turbine (4), and the second air extraction is the other part of exhaust gas after heat exchange of the second heat regenerator (6);
a cooling and heating module for heating and cooling based on the output of the second mixer (16);
The cooling and heating module comprises:
a heat exchanger (18) for exchanging heat between the two fluid media and outputting heat according to the output of the second mixer (16);
A heat storage tank (17) for storing heat output from the heat exchanger (18);
the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration module (20) is used for inputting the flue gas subjected to heat exchange in the heat exchanger (18), carrying out heat exchange of two fluid media and outputting cold energy;
The cold storage tank (21) is used for storing the cold output by the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration module (20);
The lithium bromide absorption refrigeration module (20) is also used for inputting the output of the second mixer (16) so as to adjust the refrigeration capacity;
The lithium bromide absorption refrigeration module (20) comprises: a first generator (22), a second generator (25), a second condenser (26), a second evaporator (27), a fourth regenerator (23), a fifth regenerator (24) and an absorber (28);
The first generator (22) is provided with a flue gas inlet, a flue gas outlet, a cold flow inlet, a gas phase outlet and a liquid phase outlet; the second generator (25) is provided with a gas phase inlet, a liquid phase inlet, a first gas phase outlet, a second gas phase outlet and a liquid phase outlet;
The flue gas inlet and the flue gas outlet of the first generator (22) are respectively used for flowing in and flowing out flue gas; the cold flow inlet of the first generator (22) is communicated with the outlet of the absorber (28) through cold flow channels of the fourth heat regenerator (23) and the fifth heat regenerator (24) in sequence;
The gas phase outlet of the first generator (22) is communicated with the gas phase inlet of the second generator (25), and the liquid phase outlet of the first generator (22) is communicated with the liquid phase inlet of the second generator (25) through the heat flow channel of the fourth heat regenerator (23);
the liquid phase outlet of the second generator (25) is communicated with the first inlet of the absorber (28) through a heat flow channel of the fifth heat regenerator (24); the first gas phase outlet and the second gas phase outlet of the second generator (25) are communicated with the second inlet of the absorber (28) through the heat flow channels of the second condenser (26) and the second evaporator (27) in sequence;
The operation method comprises the following steps:
The air is sent into a first compressor, and compressed air after compression treatment is output; the compressed air and the fuel are preheated by the first heat regenerator, and are sent into the combustion chamber for mixed combustion together after being preheated, so as to generate smoke; the flue gas expands in the gas turbine to do work and is used for driving the generator to generate electric energy;
Part of exhaust gas of the gas turbine sequentially passes through the second heat regenerator and the first evaporator, and the temperature of the flue gas is gradually reduced;
The exhaust gas of the gas turbine is subjected to first air extraction, and the flue gas at the outlet of the second heat regenerator is subjected to second air extraction; the first air extraction temperature is greater than the second air extraction temperature, the flue gas temperature of the cooling and heating module after the second mixer is adjusted by adjusting the proportion of the first air extraction to the second air extraction, and one part of the flue gas after the second mixer is mixed is used for heating and the other part is used for cooling.
2. The method for operating a gas turbine Kalina combined cycle based combined heat and power cogeneration coupling system of claim 1, further comprising:
-a first generator (5) for generating electricity based on the driving of the gas turbine (4).
3. The method for operating a gas turbine Kalina combined cycle based combined heat and power cogeneration coupling system of claim 1, further comprising:
And a second generator (8) for generating electricity based on the driving of the ammonia turbine (7).
4. The method for operating a gas turbine Kalina combined cycle based combined heat and power cogeneration coupling system of claim 1, wherein the gas turbine Kalina combined cycle based combined heat and power cogeneration coupling system further comprises:
and a working medium pump (14), wherein a hot flow outlet of the first condenser (15) is communicated with a cold flow inlet of the third heat regenerator (11) through the working medium pump (14).
5. Method for operating a combined cycle combined cold and heat and power cogeneration coupling system based on a gas turbine Kalina according to claim 1, wherein said first compressor (1) is provided with an inlet and an outlet;
The first heat regenerator (2) is provided with a first cold flow inlet, a first cold flow outlet, a second cold flow inlet, a second cold flow outlet, a first hot flow inlet and a first hot flow outlet; the first cold flow inlet is used for introducing fuel; the second cold flow inlet is communicated with the outlet of the first compressor (1);
The combustion chamber (3) is provided with a first inlet, a second inlet and an outlet; a first inlet of the combustion chamber (3) is communicated with a first cold flow outlet of the first heat regenerator (2), and a second inlet of the combustion chamber (3) is communicated with a second cold flow outlet of the first heat regenerator (2);
the gas turbine (4) is provided with an inlet and an outlet; the inlet of the gas turbine (4) is communicated with the outlet of the combustion chamber (3);
The second heat regenerator (6) is provided with a cold flow inlet, a cold flow outlet, a hot flow inlet and a hot flow outlet; the hot flow inlet of the second heat regenerator (6) is communicated with the outlet of the gas turbine (4);
The ammonia turbine (7) is provided with an inlet and an outlet; the inlet of the ammonia turbine (7) is communicated with the cold flow outlet of the second heat regenerator (6);
The first mixer (9) is provided with a first inlet, a second inlet and an outlet; the first inlet of the first mixer (9) is communicated with the outlet of the ammonia turbine (7);
The first condenser (15) is provided with a cold flow inlet, a cold flow outlet, a hot flow inlet and a hot flow outlet; the hot-flow inlet of the first condenser (15) is communicated with the outlet of the first mixer (9); the cold flow inlet and the cold flow outlet of the first condenser (15) are respectively used for flowing in and out a cooling medium;
The third heat regenerator (11) is provided with a cold flow inlet, a cold flow outlet, a hot flow inlet and a hot flow outlet; the hot flow outlet of the first condenser (15) is communicated with the cold flow inlet of the third heat regenerator (11); the hot flow outlet of the third heat regenerator (11) is communicated with the second inlet of the first mixer (9) after passing through a first throttle valve (10);
The separator (12) is provided with an inlet, a gas phase outlet and a liquid phase outlet; the liquid phase outlet of the separator (12) is communicated with the heat flow inlet of the third heat regenerator (11); the gas phase outlet of the separator (12) is communicated with the cold flow inlet of the second heat regenerator (6);
The first evaporator (13) is provided with a cold flow inlet, a cold flow outlet, a hot flow inlet and a hot flow outlet; the cold flow inlet of the first evaporator (13) is communicated with the cold flow outlet of the third heat regenerator (11); the cold flow outlet of the first evaporator (13) is communicated with the inlet of the separator (12); the heat flow inlet of the first evaporator (13) is communicated with the heat flow outlet of the second heat regenerator (6); the heat flow outlet of the first evaporator (13) is communicated with the first heat flow inlet of the first heat regenerator (2);
the second mixer (16) is provided with a first inlet, a second inlet and an outlet; the first inlet of the second mixer (16) is communicated with the outlet of the gas turbine (4), and the second inlet of the second mixer (16) is communicated with the hot flow outlet of the second heat regenerator (6).
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| CN114272718A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-05 | 东北大学 | Zero-emission comprehensive energy system and zero-emission realization method |
| CN114592935B (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2024-05-14 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Gas turbine-double-pressure Kalina combined cycle power generation system and method |
| CN114992071B (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2025-03-18 | 西安交通大学 | A combined cooling, heating and power system and its working method |
| CN115654768B (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2025-09-26 | 西安交通大学 | A combined cooling, heating and power energy storage system using compression heat |
| CN119914383B (en) * | 2023-10-31 | 2025-11-21 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Ammonia-recovery cold energy gas turbine combined with CO2 Rankine cycle system and method |
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