CN113655451B - P-band full-distributed TR vehicle-mounted troposphere wind profile radar and detection method - Google Patents
P-band full-distributed TR vehicle-mounted troposphere wind profile radar and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/95—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
- G01S7/415—Identification of targets based on measurements of movement associated with the target
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle-mounted radars, and particularly discloses a P-band full-distributed TR vehicle-mounted troposphere wind profile radar which comprises an outdoor unit and an indoor unit, wherein the outdoor unit comprises a microstrip phased array antenna, a full-distributed solid-state active T/R component and a power distribution synthesis network, the indoor unit comprises a frequency synthesis and receiving unit, a signal processing unit and an industrial personal computer unit, and the outdoor unit and the indoor unit realize signal interaction through an RS485 bus. The invention solves the vehicle-mounted problem of the P-band troposphere wind profile radar based on the latest technology of modern radars and combining the performance of the vehicle-mounted radars and the refitting requirements of vehicles, and achieves good effect in practical application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle-mounted radars, and particularly relates to a P-band full-distributed TR vehicle-mounted troposphere wind profile radar and a detection method.
Background
The wind profile radar is a novel atmospheric remote sensing detection device, adopts a full-phase pulse Doppler system, and according to the theory and Doppler principle that the local isotropic turbulence in the air can cause electromagnetic waves to scatter in turbulent media, the continuous observation is implemented on the air by measuring Doppler frequency shift caused by five (east, south, west, north, middle) or three beam directions of atmospheric turbulence, and the wind profile radar is an atmospheric wind field detection device indispensable for adjacent weather forecast and weather numerical forecast. The low tropospheric wind profile radar can detect parameters such as wind direction, wind speed, and vertical airflow of 150 meters to 8000 meters. The wind profile radar uses air turbulence as a detection target, and the signal echo is very weak. High-power radar transmitters and high-increment antennas are needed, so that the radar is heavy in weight, high in power consumption and large in size, and is difficult to realize vehicle-mounted. Therefore, the traditional P-band low-troposphere wind profile radar is mostly a fixed station and is mostly used in fixed places such as airports, meteorological observation points, transmitting fields and the like. For some maneuvering places needing real-time meteorological data, such as large-scale field sporting events, missile maneuvering emission places and typhoons logging in the line area, the temporary installation of the fixed site troposphere wind profile radar is compact in time, low in efficiency and high in cost, and only the mobile vehicle-mounted radar is deployed in the temporary moving scene with high time efficiency. At present, most of mobile vehicle-mounted wind profile radars are L-band boundary layer wind profile radars, and the detection distance is up to 3000 meters.
Therefore, the vehicle-mounted P-band troposphere wind profile radar which is convenient for maneuvering deployment is developed, and the vehicle-mounted P-band troposphere wind profile radar can play an important role in the aspects of environment monitoring, military weather guarantee, emergency guarantee, disaster prevention, disaster reduction and the like. Has great economic benefit and social benefit prospect and is also a technical problem to be solved by the technicians in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical difficulty that a P-band wind profile radar cannot be used for a vehicle, and provides a P-band full-distributed TR vehicle-mounted troposphere wind profile radar.
The invention provides a P-band full-distributed TR vehicle-mounted troposphere wind profile radar which comprises an outdoor unit and an indoor unit, wherein the outdoor unit is arranged on a vehicle roof, the indoor unit is arranged inside a vehicle box and comprises a microstrip phased array antenna, a full-distributed solid-state active T/R component and a power distribution synthesis network, the indoor unit comprises a frequency synthesis and receiving unit, a signal processing unit and an industrial personal computer unit, and the outdoor unit and the indoor unit realize signal interaction through an RS485 bus.
The microstrip phased array antenna is a radiation receiving array plane of 7m multiplied by 7m, which is composed of microstrip patch vibrators, a radome 4 and an antenna substrate.
The further scheme is that 196 microstrip patch vibrators and radomes 4 are arranged, the antenna base plate comprises a left antenna wing plate 1, a middle antenna base plate 2 and a right antenna wing plate 3, 70 groups of microstrip patch vibrators and radomes 4 are arranged on the left antenna wing plate 1 and the right antenna wing plate 3, and 56 groups of microstrip patch vibrators and radomes 4 are arranged on the middle antenna base plate 2.
According to a further scheme, 196 fully-distributed solid-state active T/R components are arranged corresponding to the microstrip patch vibrators, and are P-band transmitting/receiving channels with the same performance indexes.
The further scheme is that the power distribution synthesis network consists of a 3-path equal-power distribution synthesizer, a 56-path power distribution synthesizer and two 70-path power distribution synthesizers, and is used for providing reference signals for the full-distributed solid-state active T/R component and simultaneously realizing the synthesis of radar echo signals received by the full-distributed solid-state active T/R component.
In a further scheme, the frequency synthesis and receiving unit is used for generating various coherent radio frequency signals, reference clock signals, beam control signals and switch control signals required by the radar, receiving and processing echo signals of the radar, and sending the echo signals to the signal processing unit.
The signal processing unit comprises an AD converter, a programmable gate array FPGA, a digital signal processing chip DSP, a dual-port RAM, an Ethernet, an optoelectronic communication chip and a driving circuit.
The industrial personal computer comprises a data acquisition module, a business logic module and an interface display module, wherein the data acquisition module is used for data access and is logically isolated from various product algorithms; the business logic module is used for processing various user logics and completing the algorithm functions of various products; the interface display module is used for providing data display based on a window or browser mode.
The further scheme is that the left antenna wing plate 1 and the right antenna wing plate 3 are both connected with the middle antenna substrate 2 in an openable and closable manner, and are driven to be openable and closable by a hydraulic telescopic rod, and the left antenna wing plate 1 and the right antenna wing plate 3 form a radiation receiving array surface of 7m multiplied by 7m with the middle antenna substrate 2 after being unfolded, so that the radiation receiving array surface is used for transmitting and receiving radar radio frequency signals.
The invention provides a method for detecting a P-band troposphere wind profile, which utilizes the P-band full-distributed TR vehicle-mounted troposphere wind profile radar and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: the industrial personal computer unit controls the frequency synthesis and receiving unit to transmit P-band radio frequency signals through a T component of the full-distributed solid-state active T/R component at a certain time interval, and respectively transmits east, south, west, north and middle 5 beams through the microstrip phased array antenna;
step 2: the R component of the full-distributed solid-state active T/R component receives echoes of turbulence layers with different heights in 5 directions, and the echoes contain Doppler frequency shift signals related to wind speed;
step 3: AD sampling, I/Q coherent demodulation, digital filtering and coherent accumulation are carried out through a signal processing unit;
step 4: the industrial personal computer unit performs FFT conversion and incoherent accumulation treatment on IQ data from the digital intermediate frequency, calculates Doppler frequency shift vectors, and further determines the magnitude and direction of wind speed;
step 5: and (3) repeating the steps 1-4, recording the vector in the step 4, and realizing continuous monitoring of the specific airspace wind speed to obtain the airspace wind profile information.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the novel architecture is adopted, the overall structure of the radar is simplified on the basis of meeting the radar performance, and the reliability, stability and anti-interference performance of the system are improved.
2. The microstrip phased array antenna suitable for the vehicle-mounted radar is designed, so that the volume and the weight of the radar antenna are greatly reduced, the requirement of the vehicle-mounted radar is met, the microstrip patch oscillator is manufactured by adopting a photoetching process, the consistency is good, the cost is low, and the mass production is easy.
3. The radar TR component based on the DDS technology is designed, and because the T/R component adopts a circuit taking the DDS technology as a core, the T/R component has the characteristics of amplitude adjustment and phase adjustment, and the adjustment precision is high, so that the antenna does not need a complex power division network and a phase shifter, can be electrically controlled and debugged on line, has no strict requirement on the length of a radio frequency cable, and has low workload and high yield.
4. The special power distribution synthesis network is designed, so that the power distribution of each component and module is optimized, the overall power consumption of the radar is reduced, and the power distribution system is reduced in size, safe and reliable. The cable connection of each component and each module is greatly simplified, the whole volume of the radar is reduced, and the vehicle-mounted P-band troposphere wind profile radar is realized.
Drawings
The following drawings are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, in which:
fig. 1: the wind profile radar forms a block diagram;
fig. 2: an active T/R component block diagram;
fig. 3: an intermediate frequency power distribution synthesis network;
fig. 4: the frequency synthesis and receiving subsystem forms a block diagram;
fig. 5: the signal processing unit forms a block diagram;
fig. 6: a physical structure diagram of a software system;
fig. 7: a software information flow diagram;
fig. 8: a vehicle-mounted structure schematic diagram;
in the figure: 1 left antenna wing plate, 2 middle antenna base plate, 3 right antenna wing plate, 4 radome.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following specific examples, which are given by way of illustration, in order to make the objects, technical solutions, design methods and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 8, in a first aspect of the present invention, a P-band full-distributed TR vehicle-mounted troposphere wind profile radar is provided, including an outdoor unit and an indoor unit, wherein the indoor unit is disposed on a roof of a vehicle, the indoor unit is disposed inside a vehicle cabin, the outdoor unit includes a microstrip phased array antenna, a full-distributed solid-state active T/R assembly, and a power distribution synthesis network, the indoor unit includes a frequency synthesis and reception unit, a signal processing unit, and an industrial personal computer unit, and the outdoor unit and the indoor unit implement signal interaction through an RS485 bus.
Wherein, operating frequency and bandwidth: 445 MHz.+ -. 1.5MHz;
height range: 150 m-8000 m;
measurement range: wind speed: 0 m/s-120 m/s, and the error is less than or equal to 1.5m/s;
wind direction: 0-360 degrees, and the error is less than or equal to 10 degrees;
vertical airflow: -24m/s to +24m/s, the error is less than or equal to 0.2m/s;
turbulence flow10-18～10-11(m-2/3)；
High resolution: 150m (within a height range of 3000 m) and 300m (within a height range of 3000 m-8000 m)
The microstrip phased array antenna is a radiation receiving array plane of 7m multiplied by 7m, which is composed of a microstrip patch oscillator, an antenna housing 4 and an antenna substrate. Specifically, 196 microstrip patch vibrators and antenna covers 4 are arranged, the antenna substrate comprises a left antenna wing plate 1, a middle antenna substrate 2 and a right antenna wing plate 3, 70 groups of microstrip patch vibrators and antenna covers 4 are arranged on the left antenna wing plate 1 and the right antenna wing plate 2, and 56 groups of microstrip patch vibrators and antenna covers 4 are arranged on the middle antenna substrate 2; the new design radiator adopts a microstrip patch vibrator, which is manufactured by attaching a conductor foil on a low-loss medium with a conductor grounding plate through a photoetching process, has good consistency and low cost, and is easy for mass production.
The most important microstrip antenna has the advantages of low vertical section (only a few millimeters), simple structure, small volume, light weight, easy installation and replacement, good stability, corrosion resistance, planar structure and the like, is easy to conform to a carriage carrier, and meets the requirements of a motorized wind profile radar.
The microstrip phased array antenna performance index is as follows:
operating frequency: 445MHz + -1.5 MHz
Number of vibrators: 196 pieces (14X 14)
Antenna size: 7 m.times.7m
Number of beams: 5
Wave control mode: phase electronically controlled scanning
Antenna gain: not less than 30dB
Beam width: not more than 9 DEG
Beam tilt angle: 16 degree
Maximum sidelobe: less than or equal to-25 dB
Remote side lobe: less than or equal to-40 dB
Antenna standing wave ratio: less than or equal to 1.3
Polarization mode: linear polarization
As shown in FIG. 2, the full-distributed solid-state active T/R components correspond to the microstrip patch vibrators, and 196T/R components are P-band transmitting/receiving channels with the same performance indexes and can be replaced with each other. The transmitting/receiving gain and phase are distributed and controlled by a digital signal processing unit, so that the Taylor distribution of an antenna aperture field is realized, the side lobe of an antenna pattern is reduced, and wind measuring scanning is implemented.
The coherent reference signal for each T/R assembly comes from a high precision oven in the receiver and is synchronized by a synchronization signal in RS485 format over the device bus. Each T/R assembly is provided with a monitoring circuit, and monitoring signals are sent to the signal processing unit for processing and display through an RS485 protocol.
The T/R component adopts a circuit taking DDS technology as a core, has the characteristics of amplitude adjustment and phase adjustment, has high adjustment precision, ensures that the antenna does not need a complex power division network and a phase shifter, can be electrically controlled and debugged on line, has no strict requirement on the length of a radio frequency cable, and has low test workload.
The full-distributed solid-state active T/R component is adopted, so that the radiation efficiency of the antenna is improved to the greatest extent, the transmitted signal has the greatest radiation gain, the radar power of the device is comprehensively improved, the signal-to-noise ratio of the received radar echo signal is improved to the greatest extent, and the overall performance of the radar is comprehensively improved.
Compared with the traditional centralized transmission technology and the semi-distributed transmission technology, the full-distributed inherent source T/R component has the following characteristics:
the huge radio frequency distribution synthesis network is not needed, the radio frequency network loss is avoided, and the radiation efficiency is highest;
under the condition of the same space synthesized power, the power output of the single T/R component is relatively small, the power consumption is lowest, the single machine failure rate is low, and the interchangeability is good;
the radar has soft failure, if a plurality of T/R components fail, the T/R components can be disabled and do not participate in transmitting and receiving, and the performance of the radar is slightly reduced at the moment, but the normal operation of the radar is not influenced;
the T/R component taking the DDS as a core can finish the online distribution of the amplitude and the phase through software without a plurality of radio frequency phase shifters, and has convenient debugging and high accuracy.
The T/R component performance index is as follows:
emission channel
Operating frequency: 445MHz + -1.5 MHz
Phase noise: less than or equal to-120 dBc/Hz (1 kHz offset from carrier frequency)
Output power: 150W (pulse peak value, output power adjustable range of each T/R component 16 dB)
Output power: more than or equal to 8KW (Peak value, space composition)
Amplitude distribution: taylor distribution
Amplitude control: DDS electric tuning, electric tuning step is less than or equal to 0.5dB
And (3) phase control: DDS electric regulation, electric regulation step is less than or equal to + -0.5 DEG
Monitoring function: fault location, transmit power, reflected power, standing wave coefficient,
non-enable, duty cycle, pulse width, overvoltage overload overtemperature, etc
Reference frequency: 100MHz, level-10 dBm to +5dBm
Stability degree: not more than 10 -11 /ms (short term stability of frequency)
Synchronization pulse: RS485 signal protocol
Receiving channel
Noise figure: less than or equal to 1.5dB
The working bandwidth is as follows: matching to transmit pulse bandwidth
Reception gain: 25dB (LNA), 30dB (Down conversion)
Intermediate frequency: 22.5MHz
As shown in fig. 3, the power distribution and synthesis network is composed of two 1/70 paths, one 1/56 land and one 1/3 equal-division power divider, so as to realize multiplexing of the reference signal and the receiving intermediate frequency signal. And allocating 100MHz reference frequency from the receiver to each T/R component through an intermediate frequency duplexer to serve as a coherent reference signal, and simultaneously, synthesizing the radar signal intermediate frequency 22.5MHz received by the T/R component and then sending the radar signal intermediate frequency to the receiver for processing such as filtering, amplifying and the like.
The power distribution synthesis network adopts an equal division mode, and the power divider adopts a centralized parameter circuit due to low working frequency and low signal level. Compared with the radio frequency distribution power divider, the centralized parameter power divider has the advantages of small volume, low cost, reliable installation and debugging and convenient maintenance. And the intermediate frequency centralized parameter circuit is adopted, so that system noise is not influenced.
The main performance indexes of the power distribution synthesis network are as follows:
operating frequency: 10MHz to 500MHz
Insertion loss: less than or equal to 2dB
Standing wave coefficient: less than or equal to 1.5
The circuit form is as follows: centralizing parameters
Distribution form: equal power distribution
As shown in fig. 4, the frequency synthesizing and receiving unit generates various coherent radio frequency signals and reference clock signals required for the radar, and receives and processes (amplifies, filters, automatic gain control, etc.) echo signals of the radar, and sends them to the signal digital processing unit.
The frequency synthesis and receiving unit is an important component of radar equipment, and performance parameters of the frequency synthesis and receiving unit relate to war technical indexes of the whole radar equipment, including radio frequency signal phase noise, frequency stability, clutter suppression, automatic gain control, dynamic range, electromagnetic compatibility processing and the like.
The technical indexes of the frequency synthesis and receiving unit are as follows:
receiver sensitivity: less than or equal to-130 dBm (high mode operation in 1MHz bandwidth)
The working bandwidth is as follows: matching to transmit pulse bandwidth
Dynamic range: not less than 100dB
Phase noise: less than or equal to-125 dBc/Hz (1 kHz offset from carrier frequency)
Reference frequency: 100MHz
The short-term stability of the frequency is less than or equal to 10 -11 /ms
As shown in fig. 5, the signal processing unit and the data processing unit form a core part of the wind profile radar equipment based on the modern software radio signal technology, and the signal processing unit is a control and calculation center of the radar and is composed of two parts of hardware and software.
The hardware circuit of the signal processor mainly comprises a high-speed AD converter, a super-large-scale programmable gate array (FPGA), a digital signal processing chip (DSP), a high-capacity shared dual-port memory (dual-port RAM), an Ethernet communication chip (optical fiber communication module) and a driving circuit.
The signal processing unit carries out digital sampling, I/Q coherent demodulation, digital filtering, coherent accumulation (time domain average), FFT conversion, incoherent accumulation (spectrum average), spectrum parameter estimation and the like on the echo signal of the radar to obtain basic data of wind measurement, and the basic data are sent to the data processing and displaying unit.
Meanwhile, the monitoring signal from the T/R component is digitally processed, judged and calculated, and the working and fault information of the radar equipment is displayed at the terminal.
The main technical indexes of the signal processing unit are as follows:
intermediate frequency signal: 22.5MHz, level +10 to-90 dBm
Sampling rate: 90MHz, level 0- +7dBm
Sampling bit number: 16bit
IQ phase orthogonality error: less than or equal to 0.1 DEG
IQ amplitude consistency error: less than or equal to 0.05
IQ image rejection ratio: not less than 95dB
Dynamic range: greater than 90dB
Sensitivity: better than-90 dBm
Distance library length: 75m, 150m
As shown in fig. 6, the industrial personal computer unit receives the primary product data from the signal processing unit, calculates various final product data of the air, identifies and corrects the error and leakage data, and smooth processes representative air data according to the physical characteristics of turbulence, and finally displays the air data required by the user at the terminal.
The radar machine end industrial personal computer is configured as follows:
(1)CPU：≥3.0GHz
(2) Memory: not less than 2G
(3) And (3) video memory: not less than 2G
(4) Hard disk: more than or equal to 300GB
(5) Color monitor resolution: 1280×1024
(6) Windows XP/Windows7 operating system
(7) The switch: 1 table
The data processing software is based on a Windows operating system as a software running platform, VC++ is used as a programming tool, an MFC framework is used, and technologies such as multithreading, DLL, openGL and the like are utilized to improve program running efficiency and user interface friendliness.
The software implementation architecture adopts a three-layer architecture mode, namely a data acquisition layer, a business logic layer and an interface display layer, so that the expandability and the flexibility of the system are enhanced. The data acquisition layer completes data access and is logically isolated from various product algorithms; the business logic layer realizes the processing of various user logics and completes the algorithm function of various products; the interface display layer displays data and accepts user input, and provides a window-based user UI interface.
The software system mainly comprises Lei Daduan software (RT), server Software (ST) and user terminal software (UT). In practical application, the radar terminal and the server terminal operate in a radar room (network room), and the user terminal program operates in a prediction center. The software systems are connected based on TCP/IP protocol, and have good expansibility.
As shown in fig. 7, IQ data from the digital intermediate frequency is transmitted to radar software through a network port, the radar software generates power spectrum and radial data after being calculated through clutter suppression, FFT and other processing, and various secondary products are calculated and generated based on the radial data and various meteorological product processing algorithms. The radar software transmits the power spectrum data, the radial data and the secondary products to the server-side software through a network. The server software stores the data according to the specified format and forwards the data to the user terminal through the network interface. The user terminal software completes the storage and display of the data.
All kinds of state information from the weather radar are transmitted to the radar end through the network port and the serial port, the radar end displays and reports the state information to the server, the server stores related information, and then the state information is sent to the user terminal to display the state or give an alarm according to a certain display strategy.
With continued reference to fig. 8, the left antenna wing plate 1 and the right antenna wing plate 3 are both connected with the middle antenna base plate 2 in an openable and closable manner, and are driven to open and close by a hydraulic telescopic rod.
When in use, the invention comprises the following steps;
step 1: the industrial personal computer unit controls the frequency synthesis and receiving unit to transmit P-band radio frequency signals through a T component of the full-distributed solid-state active T/R component at a certain time interval, and respectively transmits east, south, west, north and middle 5 beams through the microstrip phased array antenna;
step 2: the R component of the full-distributed solid-state active T/R component receives echoes of turbulence layers with different heights in 5 directions, and the echoes contain Doppler frequency shift signals related to wind speed;
step 3: AD sampling, I/Q coherent demodulation, digital filtering and coherent accumulation are carried out through a signal processing unit;
step 4: the industrial personal computer unit performs FFT conversion and incoherent accumulation treatment on IQ data from the digital intermediate frequency, calculates Doppler frequency shift vectors, and further determines the magnitude and direction of wind speed;
step 5: and (3) repeating the steps 1-4, recording the vector in the step 4, and realizing continuous monitoring of the specific airspace wind speed to obtain the airspace wind profile information.
In the step 1, the industrial personal computer unit firstly controls the T components to emit radio frequency pulse signals of 445MHz, 196T components respectively emit 5 wave beams in east, south, west, north and middle directions through the microstrip phased array antenna, wherein the wave beams in east, south, west and north directions have an included angle of 15 degrees with zenith angles, and the middle direction is the zenith angle direction.
In step 2, the industrial personal computer unit controls the R component to start receiving echoes, and a series of doppler shifts are formed due to reflections of the echoes received at different time intervals from different high turbulence layers. Vector decomposition is carried out on the fields in the five directions to form a vector field, so that the wind speed and the wind direction of each observation airspace are determined.
Since the 5 beams are not emitted simultaneously in the east, south, west, north, and middle, there is a possibility that a deviation occurs when calculating the wind speed, but the time interval for emitting the 5 beams is short, and in general, the wind speed does not deviate greatly in a short time, and therefore, the detection result is not affected. In step 5, the wind speed in a specific area is continuously monitored and counted, so that the measurement accuracy is further improved.
Application instance
The invention completes the initial development in 8 days of 2019 and is used for national celebration weather protection of an airport in 9 to 10 months of 2019. During the period, the vehicle radar works stably, the detection data is reliable, a certain effect is exerted for completing the flight formation task, and data reference is provided for flight formation command.
The invention is developed in the same way in 9 months in 2020, and is delivered to a target range user in 10 months in 2020, and each performance index reaches the design requirement after continuous work for 30×24 hours, and is accepted by the target range in 12 months in 2020.
It should be emphasized that the above-described examples of applications are merely for convenience in understanding the solutions of the present invention, and because they relate to a disclosure problem, specific application sites and scenarios are not indicated.
The foregoing description of embodiments of the invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the various embodiments described. The terminology used herein was chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or the technical improvements in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims (6)
1. A detection method of a P-band troposphere wind profile is characterized in that a P-band full-distributed TR vehicle-mounted troposphere wind profile radar is applied;
the P-band full-distributed TR vehicle-mounted troposphere wind profile radar comprises an outdoor unit and an indoor unit, and is characterized in that the outdoor unit is arranged on a roof, the indoor unit is arranged inside a carriage, the outdoor unit comprises a microstrip phased array antenna, a full-distributed solid active T/R component and a power distribution synthesis network, the indoor unit comprises a frequency synthesis and receiving unit, a signal processing unit and an industrial personal computer unit, the outdoor unit and the indoor unit realize signal interaction through an RS485 bus, and the industrial personal computer unit controls the T component to emit a 445MHz radio frequency pulse signal and controls the R component to receive echoes;
the microstrip phased array antenna is a radiation receiving array surface of 7m multiplied by 7m, which is formed by a microstrip patch oscillator, an antenna housing (4) and an antenna substrate;
196 microstrip patch vibrators and antenna covers (4) are arranged, the antenna base plate comprises a left antenna wing plate (1), a middle antenna base plate (2) and a right antenna wing plate (3), 70 groups of microstrip patch vibrators and antenna covers (4) are arranged on the left antenna wing plate (1) and the right antenna wing plate (3), and 56 groups of microstrip patch vibrators and antenna covers (4) are arranged on the middle antenna base plate (2);
the left antenna wing plate (1) and the right antenna wing plate (3) are both in openable and closable connection with the middle antenna substrate (2) and driven to be opened and closed by a hydraulic telescopic rod, and after being unfolded, the left antenna wing plate (1) and the right antenna wing plate (3) form a radiation receiving array surface of 7m multiplied by 7m with the middle antenna substrate (2) for transmitting and receiving radar radio frequency signals;
the method comprises the following steps: step 1: the industrial personal computer unit controls the frequency synthesis and receiving unit to transmit P-band radio frequency signals through a T component of the full-distributed solid-state active T/R component at a certain time interval, and respectively transmits east, south, west, north and middle 5 beams through the microstrip phased array antenna;
step 2: the R component of the full-distributed solid-state active T/R component receives echoes of turbulence layers with different heights in 5 directions, and the echoes contain Doppler frequency shift signals related to wind speed;
step 3: AD sampling, I/Q coherent demodulation, digital filtering and coherent accumulation are carried out through a signal processing unit;
step 4: the industrial personal computer unit performs FFT conversion and incoherent accumulation treatment on IQ data from the digital intermediate frequency, calculates Doppler frequency shift vectors, and further determines the magnitude and direction of wind speed;
step 5: and (3) repeating the steps 1-4, recording the vector in the step 4, and realizing continuous monitoring of the specific airspace wind speed to obtain the airspace wind profile information.
2. The method for detecting the P-band troposphere wind profile according to claim 1, wherein 196P-band transmitting/receiving channels with the same performance index are respectively arranged in the fully distributed solid-state active T/R components corresponding to the microstrip patch vibrators.
3. The method for detecting P-band troposphere wind profiles according to claim 2, wherein the power distribution and synthesis network comprises a 3-way equal power distribution and synthesis device, a 56-way power distribution and synthesis device and two 70-way power distribution and synthesis devices, and the power distribution and synthesis network is used for providing reference signals for the fully distributed solid state active T/R module and simultaneously realizing the synthesis of radar echo signals received by the fully distributed solid state active T/R module.
4. A method for detecting P-band troposphere wind profiles according to claim 3, wherein the frequency synthesis and reception unit is adapted to generate various coherent radio frequency signals, reference clock signals, beam control signals and switch control signals required by the radar, and to receive and process echo signals of the radar, and to send them to the signal processing unit.
5. The method for detecting the P-band troposphere wind profile according to claim 4, wherein the signal processing unit comprises an AD converter, a programmable gate array FPGA, a digital signal processing chip DSP, a dual-port RAM, an Ethernet, a photoelectric communication chip and a driving circuit.
6. The method for detecting the P-band troposphere wind profile according to claim 5, wherein the industrial personal computer comprises a data acquisition module, a business logic module and an interface display module, wherein the data acquisition module is used for data access and is logically isolated from various product algorithms; the business logic module is used for processing various user logics and completing the algorithm functions of various products; the interface display module is used for providing data display based on a window or browser mode.
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