CN113376815A - Wide-view-field high-resolution imaging system based on apochromatic spherical shell type framework - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于复消色差球壳型架构的宽视场高分辨率成像系统，包括：主物镜和次级成像透镜子系统；主物镜，包括：沿光轴方向共心依次设置的第一球面透镜、第二球面透镜组件、第三球面透镜组件和第四球面透镜；第一球面透镜、第二球面透镜组件、第三球面透镜组件和第四球面透镜构成共心非对称结构；次级成像透镜子系统，位于主物镜的一次像面背向主物镜的一侧，主要用于校正一次像面的场曲像差以及次级成像透镜子系统的色差。本发明提高了前级主物镜对物空间目标物体细节的高频信息获取量，提高了目标物体的细节分辨率，通过次级成像透镜子系统能够校正一次像面的场曲像差以及自身的影响分辨率的色差，进一步提高了成像分辨率和目标区域的识别精度。
The invention discloses a wide-field high-resolution imaging system based on an apochromatic spherical shell structure, comprising: a main objective lens and a secondary imaging lens subsystem; The first spherical lens, the second spherical lens assembly, the third spherical lens assembly and the fourth spherical lens; the first spherical lens, the second spherical lens assembly, the third spherical lens assembly and the fourth spherical lens form a concentric asymmetric structure; The secondary imaging lens subsystem is located on the side of the primary image surface of the primary objective lens away from the primary objective lens, and is mainly used to correct the field curvature aberration of the primary image surface and the chromatic aberration of the secondary imaging lens subsystem. The invention improves the acquisition amount of high-frequency information of the details of the target object in the object space by the front-stage main objective lens, improves the detail resolution of the target object, and can correct the field curvature aberration of the primary image plane and its own through the secondary imaging lens subsystem. The chromatic aberration that affects the resolution further improves the imaging resolution and the recognition accuracy of the target area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photoelectric detection, and particularly relates to a wide-field high-resolution imaging system based on an apochromatic spherical shell type framework.
Background
The wide-field and high-resolution optical imaging system has the combined advantages of wide-angle imaging and high-resolution imaging, can perform multi-target tracking, accurate identification and monitoring in a large-range area, and can be applied to the fields of monitoring activities such as space remote sensing, ecological environment monitoring and the like, and large-range rapid search and tracking of maritime glaciers and other targets. The performance of the optical imaging system directly determines the quality of the acquired object space target detailed information,
at present, the wide-field imaging technology mainly includes a fisheye lens optical imaging technology, a multi-scale optical imaging system technology and the like. The wide-field gaze type imaging technology is still widely used by adopting a fish-eye lens system structure, the technology does not have a complex scanning mechanism to expand the field angle, but can meet the functions of full-airspace accommodation and full-time real-time information acquisition, wherein the zoom type fish-eye lens system has a larger field angle and a larger relative aperture, the zoom function is realized through a Front zoom group and a Rear zoom group, and the searching, the identification and the determination of the target type and the tracking in a wide-range area are realized to a certain extent. The field angle of the fisheye lens can cover a hemispherical plane, even can reach 270 degrees, the wide field is met, and the resolution ratio is sacrificed.
Although the fisheye lens optical system realizes wide-field imaging, reasonable barrel-shaped distortion in a design result has to be defaulted, except that the scene in the center of the picture is kept unchanged, other scenes in the horizontal or vertical direction are deformed, the edge distortion is too large, so that the edge illumination of the center area of the image plane is not uniform, a uniform resolution image cannot be formed on the whole image plane, the image resolution is low, and the interested target area cannot be accurately identified. The fish-eye lens with the zooming structure type has a longer focal length and a smaller field angle during accurate identification, and a corresponding rotary scanning mechanism is required for accurately identifying the target in the imaging area of the edge field. The fisheye lens optical system has many defects in wide-field imaging and high-resolution accurate identification of targets.
In order to make up the defect that a fisheye lens optical imaging system cannot give consideration to high resolution during wide-field imaging, a multi-scale wide-field high-resolution optical imaging technology based on a concentric ball lens is provided, a primary main objective lens adopts the concentric ball lens to realize a wide field, a primary image surface is concentric with the main objective lens, a plurality of identical secondary imaging systems perform regional imaging on the primary image surface of the primary main objective lens, high resolution of high-resolution sub-images of the plurality of secondary systems is spliced to realize high resolution, and meanwhile wide-field imaging is guaranteed.
When the multi-scale wide-field high-resolution imaging system based on the concentric ball lens acquires the detail information of the object space target object, as shown in fig. 1, because the front-stage main objective lens adopts the concentric symmetrical four-layer cemented ball lens, although chromatic aberration and partial off-axis aberration are corrected, the on-axis spherical aberration, the secondary spectral aberration and the combined aberration included in the formed primary image plane are not corrected, the existence of the secondary spectral aberration leads to poor image quality, and the resolution of the object space target detail information acquired by the system is low, and the secondary spectral aberration is shown in fig. 2. Meanwhile, the primary image surface participating in the imaging of the secondary system is replaced by the adjacent actual image surface, and compared with the primary image surface, the actual image surface has poorer image quality and more serious lost detail information, so that the resolution of a multi-scale optical system combined with the secondary imaging system is sharply reduced, and the requirement of high resolution cannot be met. Therefore, in the multi-scale optical imaging system based on the concentric ball lens, the primary image plane formed by the preceding ball lens has poor image quality, so that the secondary imaging system array cannot acquire high-frequency detail information, the integral resolution of the system is reduced, and the identification precision of a target object is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a wide-field high-resolution imaging system based on an apochromatic spherical-shell architecture. The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a wide field of view high resolution imaging system based on an apochromatic spherical shell architecture, comprising: a primary objective lens and a secondary imaging lens subsystem;
the main objective lens includes: the first spherical lens, the second spherical lens component, the third spherical lens component and the fourth spherical lens are concentrically arranged in sequence along the optical axis direction;
the arc surface of the first spherical lens and the arc surface of the second spherical lens component face a target object, and the arc surface of the third spherical lens component and the arc surface of the fourth spherical lens face the primary image surface of the main objective lens; the second spherical lens component and the third spherical lens component are positioned in a space enclosed by the first spherical lens and the fourth spherical lens;
a first air space is arranged between the first spherical lens and the second spherical lens component, the second spherical lens component and the third spherical lens component are mutually glued, and a second air space is arranged between the third spherical lens component and the fourth spherical lens component;
the first spherical lens, the second spherical lens component, the third spherical lens component and the fourth spherical lens form a concentric asymmetric structure;
the secondary imaging lens subsystem is positioned on one side, opposite to the main objective lens, of the primary image surface of the main objective lens and used for correcting the field curvature aberration of the primary image surface and the chromatic aberration of the secondary imaging lens subsystem; the primary image surface is located on a spherical surface concentric with the main objective lens.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the second spherical lens assembly includes: a first inner lens and a first center lens;
the first inner lens and the first central lens are cemented to each other;
the third spherical lens assembly comprising: a second central lens and a second inner lens;
the second central lens and the second inner lens are cemented to each other;
the first central lens is cemented with the second central lens.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the first spherical lens is a concave lens, and both the outer surface and the inner surface are arc surfaces;
the first inner lens is a concave lens, and the outer surface and the inner surface of the first inner lens are both arc surfaces;
the first central lens is a convex lens, and the arc surface of the first central lens is positioned on the inner surface of the first inner lens;
the second central lens is a convex lens, and the arc surface of the second central lens is positioned on the inner surface of the second inner lens;
the second inner lens is a concave lens, and the outer surface and the inner surface of the second inner lens are both arc surfaces;
the fourth spherical lens is a concave lens, and the outer surface and the inner surface of the fourth spherical lens are both arc surfaces.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a mounting gap is provided between the first spherical lens and the fourth spherical lens, and between the first inner lens and the second inner lens for mounting.
In an embodiment of the invention, the primary image plane is an image plane to be imaged of the secondary imaging lens subsystem; the secondary imaging lens subsystem comprising: a plurality of secondary imaging lens assemblies;
the plurality of secondary imaging lens assemblies are arranged in an array on a spherical surface concentric with the primary image plane;
the marginal fields of view of two adjacent secondary imaging lens assemblies overlap.
In one embodiment of the invention, the secondary imaging lens assembly comprises: the first concave lens, the second concave lens, the third plano-convex lens, the fourth concave lens, the fifth biconvex lens, the sixth plano-convex lens and the seventh concave lens are coaxially arranged in sequence;
the second concave lens and the third plano-convex lens are cemented with each other;
the fourth concave lens and the fifth biconvex lens are cemented to each other.
In one embodiment of the invention, a diaphragm is arranged between the third plano-convex lens and the fourth concave lens.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the secondary imaging lens assembly is a PETZVAL architecture.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the imaging system is based on the apochromatic principle, realizes the correction of spherical aberration, on-axis aberration and combined aberration thereof by the main objective with a concentric asymmetric structure, corrects the secondary spectral aberration, improves the acquisition quantity of high-frequency information quantity of the front-stage main objective to the details of the object space target object, improves the detail resolution of the target object, can correct the field curvature aberration of the primary image surface and the self aberration influencing the resolution by the secondary imaging lens subsystem, and further improves the imaging resolution and the identification precision of the target area.
The method can be used in the field of airborne reconnaissance, realizes the search and reconnaissance capability of large-range target scenes, can obtain real-time accurate detailed information of the targeted target with higher resolution, and improves the high-precision discrimination rate of the target in a complex environment.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a prior art multi-scale wide-field high-resolution imaging system based on concentric ball lenses;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the two-level spectrum of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a wide-field-of-view high-resolution imaging system based on an apochromatic spherical-shell architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a main objective lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a main objective axial aberration curve provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the MTF for imaging of the main objective according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a wide-field-of-view high-resolution imaging system based on an apochromatic spherical-shell architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a secondary imaging lens subsystem provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is an imaging MTF curve of a wide-field high-resolution imaging system based on an apochromatic spherical-shell architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is an imaging schematic diagram of a wide-field-of-view high-resolution imaging system based on an apochromatic spherical-shell architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
11-a first spherical lens; 12-a second spherical lens assembly; 121-a first inner lens; 122-a first central lens; 13-a third spherical lens assembly; 131-a second central lens; 132-a second inner lens; 14-a fourth spherical lens; 15-primary image plane; 16-a first air space; 17-a second air space; 18-installation clearance; 20-a secondary imaging lens subsystem; 21-a secondary imaging lens assembly; 22-a first concave lens; 23-a second concave lens; 24-a third plano-convex lens; 25-a fourth concave lens; 26-a fifth lenticular lens; 27-a sixth plano-convex lens; 28-a seventh concave lens; 29-diaphragm.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example one
Referring to fig. 3, a wide-field high-resolution imaging system based on apochromatic spherical shell type architecture includes: a primary objective and a secondary imaging lens subsystem 20. The main objective lens includes: the first spherical lens 11, the second spherical lens component 12, the third spherical lens component 13 and the fourth spherical lens 14 are concentrically arranged in sequence along the optical axis direction. The arc surface of the first spherical lens 11 and the arc surface of the second spherical lens component 12 face the target object, and the arc surface of the third spherical lens component 13 and the arc surface of the fourth spherical lens component 14 face the primary image surface 15 of the main objective lens; the second spherical lens component 12 and the third spherical lens component 13 are located in a space enclosed by the first spherical lens 11 and the fourth spherical lens 14. The first spherical lens 11 and the second spherical lens component 12 have a first air space 16 therebetween, the second spherical lens component 12 and the third spherical lens component 13 are cemented to each other, and the third spherical lens component 13 and the fourth spherical lens component 14 have a second air space 17 therebetween. The first spherical lens 11, the second spherical lens component 12, the third spherical lens component 13 and the fourth spherical lens 14 form an asymmetric structure. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the main objective lens is sectioned with a longitudinal plane parallel to the optical axis, and the left and right structures of the main objective lens are asymmetric.
The secondary imaging lens subsystem 20 is positioned on one side of the primary image surface 15 of the main objective lens, which is opposite to the main objective lens, and the secondary imaging lens subsystem 20 is mainly used for correcting the field curvature aberration of the primary image surface 15 and the chromatic aberration of the secondary imaging lens subsystem 20; the primary image plane 15 is located on a spherical surface concentric with the main objective lens.
In this embodiment, a multi-scale imaging system is adopted, which is composed of a primary objective lens based on an apochromatic spherical shell type architecture and a secondary imaging lens subsystem 20 based on a primary image plane 15. Apochromatic refers to correction of secondary spectral aberrations. Because the primary image surface 15 formed by the concentric main objective lens is a spherical surface concentric with the main objective lens and each image point is imaged consistently, only spherical aberration, position chromatic aberration and combined aberration of the two are needed to be corrected for the central field of view, and secondary spectral aberration is also corrected, so that the detail information content of the target object in the object space is improved.
From theoretical knowledge of aberrations in the design of optical systems, symmetric structures can correct well for other field-related aberrations than curvature of field, but on-axis aberrations such as spherical aberration and second-order spectral aberrations are doubled. At the moment, the symmetry of the structure is broken through, the secondary spectral aberration can be corrected by adopting an asymmetric structure, the concentricity of the structure is reserved, and the purpose of the concentricity is to ensure that the imaging quality of the spherical primary image surface 15 formed by each field of view of the main objective is consistent and the wide field range of the optical system is imaged.
In this embodiment, the main objective lens breaks the symmetry of the concentric symmetrical ball lens, corrects the spherical aberration, the axial chromatic aberration and the combination of the spherical aberration and the axial chromatic aberration of the primary image plane 15, focuses on the correction of the secondary spectral aberration, improves the acquisition amount of the high-frequency information amount of the preceding-stage main objective lens to the details of the object space target object, improves the detail resolution of the target object, and can correct the field curvature aberration of the primary image plane 15 and the chromatic aberration affecting the resolution by the secondary imaging lens subsystem 20, thereby further improving the imaging resolution and the identification accuracy of the target area.
In one possible implementation, the asymmetric structurally corrected spherical aberration is achieved by varying the air spacing, the radius of curvature of each spherical lens, the thickness of each spherical lens, and/or the glass material, with appropriate glass material selection based on the dispersion map of the glass to correct the secondary spectral aberration. Specifically, the asymmetric structure of the main objective lens can be realized by changing one or more of the air space, the curvature radius of each spherical lens, the thickness of each spherical lens, and the glass material.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the second spherical lens assembly 12 includes: a first inner lens 121 and a first central lens 122. The first inner lens 121 and the first center lens 122 are cemented to each other. The third spherical lens assembly 13 includes: a second central lens 131 and a second inner lens 132. The second center lens 131 and the second inner lens 132 are cemented to each other; the first central lens 122 is cemented with the second central lens 131.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the first spherical lens 11 is a concave lens, and both the outer surface and the inner surface of the first spherical lens 11 are arc surfaces. The circular arc surface of the first spherical lens 11 faces the target object. The first spherical lens 11 is meniscus shaped. The first inner lens 121 is a concave lens, and both the outer surface and the inner surface of the first inner lens 121 are arc surfaces. The first inner lens 121 has a circular arc surface facing the target object, and the first inner lens 121 may have a meniscus shape. The circular arc surface of the first inner lens 121 faces the target object. The first central lens 122 is a convex lens, and the circular arc surface of the first central lens 122 is located on the circular arc inner surface of the first inner lens 121. The circular arc surface of the first center lens 122 faces the target object.
The second inner lens 132 is a concave lens, and both the outer surface and the inner surface of the second inner lens 132 are arc surfaces. The circular arc surface of the second inner lens 132 faces the primary image surface 15, and the second inner lens 132 may be meniscus-shaped. The second central lens 131 is a convex lens, and the arc surface of the second central lens 131 is located on the arc inner surface of the second inner lens 132. The circular arc surface of the second central lens 131 faces the primary image surface 15. The fourth spherical lens 14 is a concave lens, and both the outer surface and the inner surface of the fourth spherical lens 14 are arc surfaces. The fourth spherical lens 14 is meniscus shaped. The circular arc surface of the fourth spherical lens 14 faces the primary image surface 15.
In this embodiment, the first spherical lens 11, the first inner lens 121, and the first center lens 122 are hemispheres, the fourth spherical lens 14, the second inner lens 132, and the second center lens 131 are the other hemispheres, and the first spherical lens 11 and the fourth spherical lens 14 are outermost layers. The outer surface of the second inner lens 132 is the surface facing the first spherical lens 11, and the inner surface of the second inner lens 132 faces away from the surface of the first spherical lens 11. The inner surface of the first spherical lens 11 and the outer surface of the first inner lens 121 are parallel. The outer surface of the second inner lens 132 is the surface facing the fourth spherical lens 14, and the inner surface of the second inner lens 132 is the surface facing away from the fourth spherical lens 14. The outer surface of the second inner lens 132 and the inner surface of the fourth spherical lens 14 are parallel.
In this embodiment, the main objective lens adopts a six-piece concentric spherical shell type architecture, the wide field imaging of the main objective lens is realized by concentricity, and the structural symmetry and the material symmetry of the spherical lens are broken, so that the spherical aberration, the axial chromatic aberration and the combined aberration thereof are corrected.
As shown in fig. 5, the apochromatic spherical shell type main objective lens of this embodiment completes the correction of the secondary spectral aberration at the aperture of 0.707, and fig. 6 shows that the MTF (Modulation Transfer Function) curve of the central field of view of the main objective lens approaches the diffraction limit, which indicates that the apochromatic spherical shell type main objective lens of this embodiment completes the apochromatic aberration, and then the high-frequency detail information acquisition amount is more, and the resolution approaches the diffraction limit.
In one possible implementation, the first central lens 122 and the second central lens 131 are both plano-convex lenses to facilitate the gluing of the two.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the first spherical lens 11 and the fourth spherical lens 14, and the first inner lens 121 and the second inner lens 132 each have a mounting gap 18 for mounting.
Further, as shown in fig. 7, the primary image plane 15 is an image plane to be imaged of the secondary imaging lens subsystem 20; the secondary imaging lens subsystem 20 includes: a plurality of secondary imaging lens assemblies 21. A plurality of secondary imaging lens assemblies 21 are arranged in an array on a spherical surface concentric with the primary image plane 15. The fringe fields of view of adjacent two secondary imaging lens assemblies 21 overlap. In this embodiment, a plurality of secondary imaging lens assemblies 21 are arranged in sequence. The secondary imaging lens subsystem 20 serves two primary functions: firstly, a primary image surface 15 with concentric curvature formed by a front-stage main objective lens is divided and imaged on respective detectors; and secondly, correcting residual aberration of the front-stage main objective lens and correcting aberration generated by the front-stage main objective lens in the split imaging process. Because the apochromatic spherical shell type main objective lens has concentricity and the residual aberration of the primary image surface 15 is distributed in the same field of view, all the secondary imaging lens assemblies 21 are completely consistent, only the design optimization of one secondary imaging lens assembly 21 needs to be considered, and the design complexity, the processing and the assembly and adjustment cost of the secondary imaging lens subsystem 20 are greatly reduced.
In this embodiment, the curvature of the primary image plane 15 is the same as the curvature of the image plane to be imaged of the secondary imaging lens subsystem 20, which reduces the complexity of the overall design of the system, so that the actual image plane participating in the secondary imaging lens subsystem 20 coincides with the primary image plane 15 generated by the main objective lens.
The secondary imaging lens assembly 21 is a PETZVAL (PETZVAL) architecture. The design of the secondary imaging lens subsystem 20 should focus on correcting the field curvature aberration of the primary image plane 15 and the self chromatic aberration, which are the keys to the quality of the image on the target surface of the detector, and directly affect the final resolution. The PETZVAL type optical system can well correct the field curvature, and the optical knowledge shows that the PETZVAL type optical system has double-cemented objective lenses with a certain distance, so that the PETZVAL type optical system has good correction capability on self chromatic aberration, and the PETZVAL type optical system serving as a secondary imaging system initial framework in a wide-field-of-view high-resolution multi-scale imaging system well meets the design requirement.
Further, as shown in fig. 8, the secondary imaging lens assembly 21 includes: a first concave lens 22, a second concave lens 23, a third plano-convex lens 24, a fourth concave lens 25, a fifth biconvex lens 26, a sixth plano-convex lens 27, and a seventh concave lens 28, which are coaxially arranged in this order. The second concave lens 23 and the third plano-convex lens 24 are cemented with each other. The fourth concave lens 25 and the fifth biconvex lens 26 are cemented with each other. Air spaces are provided between the primary image plane 15 and the first concave lens 22, between the first concave lens 22 and the second concave lens 23, between the third plano-convex lens 24 and the fourth concave lens 25, between the fifth biconvex lens 26 and the sixth plano-convex lens 27, and between the sixth plano-convex lens 27 and the seventh concave lens 28. In this embodiment, the curved surface of the third plano-convex lens 24 and the concave curved surface of the second concave lens 23 are cemented together. In the present embodiment, the plurality of secondary imaging lens assemblies 21 overlap each other in view field, so as to avoid the blind area of view field.
The plurality of secondary imaging lens assemblies 21 of the present embodiment have the same structure, and can be mass-produced, and each secondary imaging lens assembly 21 works independently, and is replaceable when a certain camera fails.
Further, as shown in fig. 7, a diaphragm 29 is provided between the third plano-convex lens 24 and the fourth concave lens 25. An aperture stop 29 is placed in the secondary imaging lens assembly 21 to homogenize the illumination at each field of view.
As shown in fig. 9, the overall MTF curve of the wide-field high-resolution imaging system of the present invention is close to the diffraction limit, which indicates that the resolution of the imaging system of the present invention is close to the diffraction limit, and sufficient high-frequency information of the target object in the object space is obtained in the whole system imaging process, so that high-precision resolution identification of the target area can be realized. The system of the invention can improve the acquisition amount of high-frequency information details of the target object under the complex environment condition through the apochromatic design of the preceding stage main objective, and the array of the secondary imaging lens subsystem 20 ensures that the primary image surface 15 of the main objective is divided and imaged, thereby obtaining consistent image resolution and further improving the interpretability of object space detail information. The system of the invention acquires more high-frequency information of the object space target object during wide-field imaging, improves the detail resolution of the target object, and can meet the requirement of high-precision and accurate identification during wide-field and large-range area search.
In a feasible implementation manner, as shown in fig. 10, a primary spherical image surface formed by a main objective passes through a secondary imaging lens subsystem 20 array of a Petzval framework, field curvature aberration is eliminated, the primary spherical image surface is divided into a series of sub-images, the image quality of the sub-images reaches the diffraction limit of the imaging quality of an optical system, image features are extracted by using a SURF algorithm, the sub-images are processed and spliced into a wide-field image, and finally, wide-field high-resolution imaging is realized.
In one possible implementation, as shown in fig. 4, 8 and 9, the parameters of the main objective and secondary imaging lens subsystem 20 of the present invention are shown in tables 1 and 2: table 1 shows the lens parameters of the primary objective lens, table 2 shows the lens parameters of the secondary imaging lens subsystem 20, Surf: type indicates that each surface is numbered from left to right, and the overlapping surfaces are numbered only once. Where ob denotes the number of the target object. Radius denotes the Radius of curvature. Thicness denotes lens thickness. In the table, the thickness corresponding to the number (i) is 39.000mm, the thickness is the distance between (i) and (ii), that is, the thickness of the first spherical lens 11, the thickness corresponding to the number (ii) is the size of the first air gap 16, and so on. Glass denotes the Glass brand of the lens (the brand of Ducheng Glass), each brand corresponding to a refractive index and Abbe number. Semi-Diameter denotes the half aperture, which is the maximum perpendicular distance from each face of the lens to the optical axis.
Unit: mm is
TABLE 1
Unit: mm is
TABLE 2
In practical application, the size of the air space, the size of the curvature radius of each spherical lens, the thickness of each spherical lens and/or a glass material can be changed to meet the requirement of imaging.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by those skilled in the art.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A wide field of view high resolution imaging system based on an apochromatic spherical shell architecture, comprising: a primary objective and secondary imaging lens subsystem (20);
the main objective lens includes: the spherical lens comprises a first spherical lens (11), a second spherical lens component (12), a third spherical lens component (13) and a fourth spherical lens (14) which are concentrically arranged in sequence along the optical axis direction;
the arc surface of the first spherical lens (11) and the arc surface of the second spherical lens component (12) face a target object, and the arc surface of the third spherical lens component (13) and the arc surface of the fourth spherical lens (14) face a primary image surface (15) of the main objective lens; the second spherical lens component (12) and the third spherical lens component (13) are positioned in a space enclosed by the first spherical lens (11) and the fourth spherical lens (14);
-a first air space (16) is provided between the first spherical lens (11) and the second spherical lens component (12), -the second spherical lens component (12) and the third spherical lens component (13) are glued to each other, -a second air space (17) is provided between the third spherical lens component (13) and the fourth spherical lens (14);
the first spherical lens (11), the second spherical lens component (12), the third spherical lens component (13) and the fourth spherical lens (14) form a concentric asymmetric structure;
the secondary imaging lens subsystem (20) is positioned on one side, opposite to the main objective, of the primary image surface (15) of the main objective and used for correcting the field curvature aberration of the primary image surface (15) and the chromatic aberration of the secondary imaging lens subsystem (20); the primary image surface (15) is located on a spherical surface concentric with the main objective lens.
2. The apochromatic spherical-shell architecture-based wide-field high-resolution imaging system of claim 1, wherein the second spherical lens assembly (12) comprises: a first inner lens (121) and a first central lens (122);
said first inner lens (121) and said first central lens (122) being cemented to each other;
the third spherical lens assembly (13) comprising: a second central lens (131) and a second inner lens (132);
the second central lens (131) and the second inner lens (132) are cemented to each other;
the first central lens (122) and the second central lens (131) are cemented.
3. The wide-field high-resolution imaging system based on the apochromatic spherical-shell architecture as recited in claim 2, wherein the first spherical lens (11) is a concave lens, and both the outer surface and the inner surface are arc surfaces;
the first inner lens (121) is a concave lens, and the outer surface and the inner surface of the first inner lens are both arc surfaces;
the first central lens (122) is a convex lens, and the arc surface of the first central lens (122) is positioned on the inner surface of the first inner lens (121);
the second central lens (131) is a convex lens, and the arc surface of the second central lens (131) is positioned on the inner surface of the second inner lens (132);
the second inner lens (132) is a concave lens, and the outer surface and the inner surface of the second inner lens are both arc surfaces;
and the fourth spherical lens (14) is a concave lens, and the outer surface and the inner surface of the fourth spherical lens are both arc surfaces.
4. The wide-field high-resolution imaging system based on the apochromatic spherical-shell architecture as claimed in claim 3, wherein there are mounting gaps (18) for mounting between the first spherical lens (11) and the fourth spherical lens (14), and between the first inner lens (121) and the second inner lens (132).
5. The apochromatic spherical-shell architecture-based wide-field high-resolution imaging system according to claim 1, characterized in that the primary image plane (15) is an image plane to be imaged of the secondary imaging lens subsystem (20); the secondary imaging lens subsystem (20) comprising: a plurality of secondary imaging lens assemblies (21);
the plurality of secondary imaging lens assemblies (21) are arranged in an array on a spherical surface concentric with the primary image plane (15);
the marginal fields of view of two adjacent secondary imaging lens assemblies (21) overlap.
6. The apochromatic ball-and-shell architecture-based wide-field high-resolution imaging system of claim 5, wherein the secondary imaging lens assembly (21) comprises: a first concave lens (22), a second concave lens (23), a third plano-convex lens (24), a fourth concave lens (25), a fifth biconvex lens (26), a sixth plano-convex lens (27) and a seventh concave lens (28) which are coaxially arranged in sequence;
the second concave lens (23) and the third plano-convex lens (24) are cemented to each other;
the fourth concave lens (25) and the fifth biconvex lens (26) are cemented to each other.
7. The wide-field high-resolution imaging system based on the apochromatic spherical-shell architecture as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that a diaphragm (29) is arranged between the third plano-convex lens (24) and the fourth concave lens (25).
8. The wide field of view high resolution imaging system based on apochromatic ball-and-shell architecture as claimed in claim 5, wherein the secondary imaging lens assembly (21) is of PETZVAL architecture.
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