CN113207772B - Method for marking thickness of shrimp seedlings in alpine regions - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for marking the thickness of shrimp seedlings in alpine regions, comprising the following steps: step 1, setting up a plurality of culture ponds, step 2, setting heating pipes and oxygen-enhancing pipes, and step 3, using detergent inside the culture ponds Carry out washing, step 4, put the inside of the cultivating pond into the treated water, step 5, put the biological bait necessary for shrimp marking into the culturing pond, step 6, observe and record the state of the seedlings, step 7, observe and record every day. Record the growth of the seedlings, step 8, feed the enhancer at the same time as the biological bait is fed, and then continue to cultivate for 7 to 10 days, that is, the standard thickness is completed. The invention makes the standard rough breeding of shrimp seedlings more systematic by setting the volume, heating and oxygen-enhancing devices in the culture pond, and the method can be used for scientific standard rough breeding of shrimp seedlings transported to alpine regions in the ocean area. It overcomes the problem of insufficient cultivation of shrimp seedlings in alpine regions in the past.

Description

A method for marking the thickness of shrimp seedlings in alpine regions

technical field

The invention relates to the field of shrimp culture, in particular to a method for marking the thickness of shrimp seedlings in alpine regions.

Background technique

Penaeus vannamei, native to the warm waters of the Pacific coast of Latin America, has become a world-recognized excellent product due to its high temperature resistance, low salt resistance, fast growth, strong disease resistance, long survival time out of water, and low protein requirements. One of the cultivated species. The production capacity of Penaeus vannamei is strong and its economic value is high. Therefore, many farmers in the south and east where aquaculture is developed have started and scaled up the culture of Penaeus vannamei. However, there are few reports on the introduction and promotion of culture in the northwest region. Aquaculture species, especially shrimps and crabs, their growth form changes, organ development and amputated limb regeneration, etc., are all completed through molting and molting. When the calcium content of shrimps and crabs is satisfied, their molting The speed, the success rate of molting and the size of the individual after molting will increase, which will improve the disease resistance of shrimps and crabs, and improve the economic benefits of breeding. However, in alpine regions, the temperature is unstable and the temperature difference between day and night is large, and shrimp seedlings are more likely to react. At this time, the absorption of calcium by shrimp seedlings is reduced, which leads to prolonged molting time and slowed hard shell speed of shrimp seedlings. , and even the phenomenon of molting and death.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for marking the thickness of shrimp seedlings in alpine regions, so that Penaeus vannamei can be successfully marked in alpine regions to ensure large-scale cultivation.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

The invention provides a method for marking the thickness of shrimp seedlings in alpine regions, comprising the following steps:

Step 1, set up several breeding ponds in the indoor breeding workshop, the material of the breeding pond is cement, the length of the breeding pond is 3.8-4.4m, the width is 2.7-3.2m, and the depth is 0.9-1.3m;

In step 2, a heating pipeline and an oxygen-enhancing pipeline are arranged in each culturing pond. the bottom center of the pool;

Step 3, when it is necessary to place shrimp seedlings, first wash the interior of the breeding tank with detergent, and rinse with clean water after washing;

Step 4: Put the treated water inside the cultivating pond, the water depth is 3/5～4/5 of the depth of the cultivating pond, and check the salinity of the water body after the water is discharged, so that the water body in the cultivating pond and the water body of the seedlings are carried. The difference in salinity is less than 1/10;

Step 5, put the biological bait, probiotics, vitamins, minerals and water detoxification agent necessary for the shrimp standard into the culturing pond; wherein, the biological bait includes fresh adult worms and eggs to be hatched, and the biological bait needs to be put into the culturing pond in advance. And ensure that the eggs to be hatched hatch and survive for at least two days;

Step 6: After the shrimp seedlings are transported, let them stand for 0.5 to 1 hour, observe and record the state of the seedlings, turn on the heating, control the water temperature to be 22 to 24 ° C, and place the seedlings together with the packaging bags in the culture pond and let stand for 2 ~4 hours, then turn on the aeration, and pour the seedlings in the packaging bag into the breeding tank;

Step 7: The first day is calculated from the time when the seedlings are poured into the breeding pond. After that, the growth of the seedlings is observed and recorded every day, and feeding is carried out every 3 to 4 hours. After two days, 1/5 of the total water in the breeding pond is regularly replaced every day. ~1/4 of the water, while gradually reducing the salinity of the water body until the salinity of the water body drops to 8 parts per thousand;

Step 8: After the seedlings are shelled twice, control the water temperature to be 24-26°C, and feed the enhancer at the same time as the biological bait is fed, and then continue to cultivate for 7-10 days, that is, the standard thickness is completed.

Preferably, the heating pipeline includes a main pipeline and several auxiliary pipelines; wherein, the main pipeline is buried inside the cement of the culture pond; the auxiliary pipeline is connected with the main pipeline and protrudes above the bottom of the culture pond, and the auxiliary pipeline is along the bottom of the culture pond. Arrange the corner lines at the bottom of the breeding pond.

Preferably, in step 1, a shading plate or a shade net is arranged above the culture pond.

Preferably, the inner diameter of the main pipe is 32-75 mm, and the material of the main pipe is a polymer material.

Preferably, the inner diameter of the auxiliary pipeline is 5-10 mm, and the material of the auxiliary pipeline is stainless steel.

Preferably, after the heating pipeline is installed and runs normally after debugging, the oxygen-enhancing pipeline is installed, and the installation is completed after the oxygen-enhancing pipeline is detected to be no problem.

Preferably, the detergent is an environmentally friendly detergent including a surfactant.

Preferably, when the culture pond is not in use for a long time, the step 3 is used to carry out washing treatment, and after washing, drying treatment is carried out first, and then light shading treatment is carried out.

Preferably, in step 4, the treated water refers to water with a similar salinity in the origin of the shrimp seedlings that are prepared.

Preferably, in step 5, the eggs to be hatched need to be heated and aerated during the hatching process.

Preferably, in step 5, the water body antidote is Bishuian and/or Libacter.

Preferably, in step 6, the feeding amount of shrimp fry is 20,000 to 30,000/m ² .

Preferably, in step 7, in the process of reducing the salinity of the water body, it is necessary to ensure that the salinity of the water body is reduced by less than two thousandths per day.

Preferably, in step 8, the enhancer is a slow-release biological microsphere containing calcium.

Preferably, in the eighth step, the feeding amount of the enhancer is 1/30-1/20 of the biological bait.

Preferably, the preparation method of the reinforcing agent is:

a. Add low-substituted hypromellose into a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass fraction of 5-10%, heat to 45-55°C, and continuously stir until completely dissolved to obtain a low-substituted hypromellose solution;

Wherein, the solid-liquid ratio of low-substituted hypromellose and sodium hydroxide solution is 1:12～18;

b. Place the reaction flask containing glycerin in an ice-water bath, and continuously add the low-substituted hypromellose solution dropwise while stirring. After the dropwise addition, add sodium caseinate, continue stirring for 2 to 4 hours, centrifuge and collect The lower layer solid is vacuum-dried to obtain low-substituted hypromellose composite microspheres;

Wherein, the solid-to-liquid ratio of sodium caseinate and low-substituted hypromellose solution is 1:15-20, and the mass ratio of glycerol and sodium caseinate is 1:5-7;

c. Add the low-substituted hypromellose composite microspheres into deionized water, and after fully stirring, add saturated clarified lime water, fully stir until uniform, and leave for 8-12 hours after the cross-linking reaction treatment for 2-5 hours, and centrifuge And collect the lower layer solid, rinse with ethanol at least three times, and place it under vacuum to dry to obtain calcium caseinate/low-substituted hypromellose microspheres;

Wherein, the solid-to-liquid ratio of the low-substituted hypromellose composite microspheres to deionized water is 1:6 to 10, and the solid-to-liquid ratio of the low-substituted hypromellose composite microspheres to saturated clear lime water is 1:1: 2.2～4.8;

d. Add calcium dobesilate into deionized water, fully stir until completely dissolved to obtain calcium dobesilate solution; add calcium caseinate/low-substituted hypromellose microspheres into n-hexane, and then add Polysorbate-80, fully mixed to obtain a microsphere mixture;

Wherein, the solid-to-liquid ratio of calcium dobesilate to deionized water is 1:8-12, the solid-to-liquid ratio of calcium caseinate/low-substituted hypromellose microspheres to n-hexane is 1:10-14, The mass ratio of polysorbate-80 to n-hexane is 1:42～64;

e. After heating the microsphere mixture to 65～80℃, add calcium dobesilate solution dropwise while stirring, after the dropwise addition, continue stirring for 0.5～1h, collect the lower layer solid by centrifugation, and use the collected lower layer solid The ethanol solution with a mass fraction of 30% to 50% is washed at least three times, and the washed product is vacuum-dried to obtain biological microspheres;

Wherein, the volume ratio of the microsphere mixture to the calcium dobesilate solution is 1:0.6-0.8.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The present invention provides a method for marking the thickness of shrimp seedlings in alpine regions based on the setting and feeding conditions of the cultivating pond. The invention makes the standard rough breeding of shrimp seedlings more systematic by setting the volume, heating and oxygen-enhancing devices in the culture pond, and the method can be used for scientific standard rough breeding of shrimp seedlings transported to alpine regions in the ocean area. It overcomes the problem of insufficient cultivation of shrimp seedlings in alpine regions in the past. The method for marking thickness of the present invention has the advantages of small occupation area, large utilization area, high marking efficiency and high survival rate of shrimp seedlings.

2. The present invention not only makes the survival rate of the shrimp seedlings higher by sequentially treating the culturing ponds, the temperature, salinity and feeding of the culturing water, and a series of methods for labeling the shrimp seedlings from being transported to the successful labeling. And it is more healthy and strong, reducing the time of standard thickening and reducing the occurrence rate of shrimp diseases, and the survival rate of shrimp seedlings obtained by standard thickening is higher than 70%.

3. The present invention also feeds the shrimp seedlings in a targeted manner. After the seedlings are shelled twice, the water temperature is controlled, and other feeding amounts are kept unchanged, and the feeding of biological microspheres is increased. The biological microspheres are used to further supplement calcium for shrimp seedlings.

4. the present invention uses sodium caseinate as organic salt, reacts with low-substituted hypromellose solution, then reacts in saturated clear lime water to generate calcium caseinate, mixes with calcium dobesilate solution as oil phase, After emulsification and combination, biological microspheres with slow-release calcium ions are obtained.

5. The biological microspheres prepared by the present invention use low-substituted hypromellose and calcium caseinate as the outer shell and calcium dobesilate as the inner core to prepare the shell-core-coated slow-release microspheres. The biological microspheres can be absorbed and evenly dispersed in water, and can be adhered to the body of the shrimp seedlings after being swallowed, and the calcium ions can be slowly released in the body, so as to achieve the effect of supplementing the calcium ions of the shrimp seedlings.

6. The biological microspheres prepared by the present invention have good water dispersibility, and the components are non-toxic and environmentally friendly, and are harmless to water bodies, aquatic organisms and human bodies. After swallowing a large number of biological microspheres, shrimp seedlings will not be metabolized quickly, but can gradually be digested, absorbed and degraded in the organism. Even when the temperature is unstable and the temperature difference between day and night is large, shrimp seedlings will The absorption of calcium is reduced, the biological microspheres prepared by the present invention can release calcium ions in a small amount and persistently in the shrimp seedlings, and there is no waste phenomenon that a large amount of calcium ions are not absorbed, so it is very suitable for aquatic organisms, especially It is used for the cultivation of shrimp seedlings.

Detailed ways

In order to illustrate the present invention more clearly, and to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and beneficial effects of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention are now described in detail below, but should not be construed as a limitation on the practicable scope of the present invention.

Calcium is an important component of aquaculture animal bones, scales, carapace and other components. Moulting is an important life activity for shrimp growth. Under normal circumstances, shrimp fry molt once every 30 to 40 hours, larvae weighing 1 to 5 grams molt once every 4 to 6 days, and prawns generally molt once every tide. Mostly between the spring tide and the neap tide on the first and fifteenth day of the first lunar month. The main ingredient in the carapace is calcium. After the prawn molts, the carapace is hardened in a short time, so enough calcium is needed to complete this process. In the case of calcium deficiency, there will be soft shells, cramps, unsuccessful shelling, muscle white turbidity, carapace festering, stealing death, etc.

Harmful metal elements in the feed are easy to accumulate in the bones of cattle and pigs, and it is not suitable for long-term use as a calcium source. Inorganic calcium compounds such as calcium phosphate and calcium chloride have a high proportion of calcium due to their simple compound structure, but their absorption rate is low. Organocalcium compounds, although their structure is beneficial for absorption, contain relatively large molecular weight organic groups, so the calcium content of organocalcium compounds is not high.

Sodium caseinate, also known as sodium caseinate, sodium caseinate, sodium caseinate or casein, is the sodium salt of casein, the main protein in cow's milk, and is a safe and harmless thickener and emulsifier, because casein acid Sodium contains various amino acids needed by the human body, and has high nutritional value. It can also be eaten as a nutritional fortifier.

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the following examples.

Example 1

The invention provides a method for marking the thickness of shrimp seedlings in alpine regions, comprising the following steps:

Step 1, set up several breeding ponds in the indoor breeding workshop, the material of the breeding pond is cement, the length of the breeding pond is 3.8-4.4m, the width is 2.7-3.2m, and the depth is 0.9-1.3m;

In step 2, a heating pipeline and an oxygen-enhancing pipeline are arranged in each culturing pond. the bottom center of the pool;

Step 3, when it is necessary to place shrimp seedlings, first wash the interior of the breeding tank with detergent, and rinse with clean water after washing;

Step 4: Put the treated water inside the cultivating pond, the water depth is 3/5～4/5 of the depth of the cultivating pond, and check the salinity of the water body after the water is discharged, so that the water body in the cultivating pond and the water body of the seedlings are carried. The difference in salinity is less than 1/10;

Step 5, put the biological bait, probiotics, vitamins, minerals and water detoxification agent necessary for the shrimp standard into the culturing pond; wherein, the biological bait includes fresh adult worms and eggs to be hatched, and the biological bait needs to be put into the culturing pond in advance. And ensure that the eggs to be hatched hatch and survive for at least two days;

Step 6: After the shrimp seedlings are transported, let them stand for 0.5 to 1 hour, observe and record the state of the seedlings, turn on the heating, control the water temperature to be 22 to 24 ° C, and place the seedlings together with the packaging bags in the culture pond and let stand for 2 ~4 hours, then turn on the aeration, and pour the seedlings in the packaging bag into the breeding tank;

Step 7: The first day is calculated from the time when the seedlings are poured into the breeding pond. After that, the growth of the seedlings is observed and recorded every day, and feeding is carried out every 3 to 4 hours. After two days, 1/5 of the total water in the breeding pond is regularly replaced every day. ~1/4 of the water, while gradually reducing the salinity of the water body until the salinity of the water body drops to 8 parts per thousand;

Step 8: After the seedlings are shelled twice, control the water temperature to be 24-26°C, and feed the enhancer at the same time as the biological bait is fed, and then continue to cultivate for 7-10 days, that is, the standard thickness is completed.

The heating pipeline includes a main pipeline and several auxiliary pipelines; wherein, the main pipeline is buried in the cement of the cultivating pond; the auxiliary pipeline is connected with the main pipeline and protrudes above the bottom of the culturing pond, and the auxiliary pipeline is along the bottom of the culturing pond. The corner lines are arranged.

In step 1, a shading plate or a shading net is arranged above the culture pond.

The inner diameter of the main pipe is 32-75 mm, and the material of the main pipe is a polymer material.

The inner diameter of the auxiliary pipeline is 5-10 mm, and the material of the auxiliary pipeline is stainless steel.

After the heating pipeline is installed and runs normally after debugging, the oxygen-enhancing pipeline is installed, and the installation is completed after the oxygen-enhancing pipeline has no problems after testing.

The detergent is an environmentally friendly detergent including a surfactant.

When the culture pond is not used for a long time, the washing treatment is carried out in the third step, and the drying treatment is carried out after washing, and then the shading treatment is carried out.

In step 4, the treated water refers to the water with a similar salinity in the origin of the shrimp seedlings that are prepared.

In step 5, the eggs to be hatched need to be heated and aerated during the hatching process.

In step 5, the water body antidote is Bishuian and/or Libacter.

In step 6, the feeding amount of shrimp fry is 20,000 to 30,000/m ² .

In the seventh step, in the process of reducing the salinity of the water body, it is necessary to ensure that the salinity of the water body is reduced by less than two thousandths per day.

In the eighth step, the enhancer is a slow-release biological microsphere containing calcium.

In the eighth step, the feeding amount of the enhancer is 1/30-1/20 of the biological bait.

Example 2

The preparation method of the described enhancer fed in embodiment 1 is:

a. Add low-substituted hypromellose into a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass fraction of 5-10%, heat to 45-55°C, and continuously stir until completely dissolved to obtain a low-substituted hypromellose solution;

Wherein, the solid-liquid ratio of low-substituted hypromellose and sodium hydroxide solution is 1:16;

b. Place the reaction flask containing glycerin in an ice-water bath, and continuously add the low-substituted hypromellose solution dropwise while stirring. After the dropwise addition, add sodium caseinate, continue stirring for 2 to 4 hours, centrifuge and collect The lower layer solid is vacuum-dried to obtain low-substituted hypromellose composite microspheres;

Wherein, the solid-liquid ratio of sodium caseinate and low-substituted hypromellose solution is 1:15～20, and the mass ratio of glycerol and sodium caseinate is 1:6;

c. Add the low-substituted hypromellose composite microspheres into deionized water, and after fully stirring, add saturated clarified lime water, fully stir until uniform, and leave for 8-12 hours after the cross-linking reaction treatment for 2-5 hours, and centrifuge And collect the lower layer solid, rinse with ethanol at least three times, and place it under vacuum to dry to obtain calcium caseinate/low-substituted hypromellose microspheres;

Wherein, the solid-to-liquid ratio of low-substituted hypromellose composite microspheres to deionized water is 1:8, and the solid-to-liquid ratio of low-substituted hypromellose composite microspheres to saturated clarified lime water is 1:3.6;

d. Add calcium dobesilate into deionized water, fully stir until completely dissolved to obtain calcium dobesilate solution; add calcium caseinate/low-substituted hypromellose microspheres into n-hexane, and then add Polysorbate-80, fully mixed to obtain a microsphere mixture;

Among them, the solid-to-liquid ratio of calcium dobesilate to deionized water is 1:8 to 12, the solid-to-liquid ratio of calcium caseinate/low-substituted hypromellose microspheres to n-hexane is 1:12, and the polysorbate The mass ratio of ester-80 to n-hexane is 1:58;

e. After heating the microsphere mixture to 65～80℃, add calcium dobesilate solution dropwise while stirring, after the dropwise addition, continue stirring for 0.5～1h, collect the lower layer solid by centrifugation, and use the collected lower layer solid The ethanol solution with a mass fraction of 30% to 50% is washed at least three times, and the washed product is vacuum-dried to obtain slow-release biological microspheres containing calcium;

Wherein, the volume ratio of the microsphere mixture to the calcium dobesilate solution is 1:0.7.

Example 3

The preparation method of the described enhancer fed in embodiment 1 is:

a. Add low-substituted hypromellose into a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass fraction of 5-10%, heat to 45-55°C, and continuously stir until completely dissolved to obtain a low-substituted hypromellose solution;

Wherein, the solid-liquid ratio of low-substituted hypromellose and sodium hydroxide solution is 1:12;

b. Place the reaction flask containing glycerin in an ice-water bath, and continuously add the low-substituted hypromellose solution dropwise while stirring. After the dropwise addition, add sodium caseinate, continue stirring for 2 to 4 hours, centrifuge and collect The lower layer solid is vacuum-dried to obtain low-substituted hypromellose composite microspheres;

Wherein, the solid-liquid ratio of sodium caseinate and low-substituted hypromellose solution is 1:15～20, and the mass ratio of glycerol and sodium caseinate is 1:5;

c. Add the low-substituted hypromellose composite microspheres into deionized water, and after fully stirring, add saturated clarified lime water, fully stir until uniform, and leave for 8-12 hours after the cross-linking reaction treatment for 2-5 hours, and centrifuge And collect the lower layer solid, rinse with ethanol at least three times, and place it under vacuum to dry to obtain calcium caseinate/low-substituted hypromellose microspheres;

Wherein, the solid-to-liquid ratio of low-substituted hypromellose composite microspheres to deionized water is 1:6, and the solid-to-liquid ratio of low-substituted hypromellose composite microspheres to saturated clarified lime water is 1:2.2;

d. Add calcium dobesilate into deionized water, fully stir until completely dissolved to obtain calcium dobesilate solution; add calcium caseinate/low-substituted hypromellose microspheres into n-hexane, and then add Polysorbate-80, fully mixed to obtain a microsphere mixture;

Wherein, the solid-to-liquid ratio of calcium dobesilate to deionized water is 1:8, the solid-to-liquid ratio of calcium caseinate/low-substituted hypromellose microspheres to n-hexane is 1:10, and the polysorbate- The mass ratio of 80 to n-hexane is 1:42;

e. After heating the microsphere mixture to 65～80℃, add calcium dobesilate solution dropwise while stirring, after the dropwise addition, continue stirring for 0.5～1h, collect the lower layer solid by centrifugation, and use the collected lower layer solid The ethanol solution with a mass fraction of 30% to 50% is washed at least three times, and the washed product is vacuum-dried to obtain slow-release biological microspheres containing calcium;

Wherein, the volume ratio of the microsphere mixture to the calcium dobesilate solution is 1:0.6.

Example 4

The preparation method of the described enhancer fed in embodiment 1 is:

a. Add low-substituted hypromellose into a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass fraction of 5-10%, heat to 45-55°C, and continuously stir until completely dissolved to obtain a low-substituted hypromellose solution;

Wherein, the solid-liquid ratio of low-substituted hypromellose and sodium hydroxide solution is 1:18;

b. Place the reaction flask containing glycerin in an ice-water bath, and continuously add the low-substituted hypromellose solution dropwise while stirring. After the dropwise addition, add sodium caseinate, continue stirring for 2 to 4 hours, centrifuge and collect The lower layer solid is vacuum-dried to obtain low-substituted hypromellose composite microspheres;

Wherein, the solid-liquid ratio of sodium caseinate and low-substituted hypromellose solution is 1:20, and the mass ratio of glycerol and sodium caseinate is 1:7;

c. Add the low-substituted hypromellose composite microspheres into deionized water, after fully stirring, add saturated clarified lime water, fully stir until uniform, after cross-linking reaction treatment for 2-5 hours, let stand for 8-12 hours, centrifuge And collect the lower layer solid, rinse with ethanol at least three times, and place it under vacuum to dry to obtain calcium caseinate/low-substituted hypromellose microspheres;

Wherein, the solid-to-liquid ratio of low-substituted hypromellose composite microspheres to deionized water is 1:10, and the solid-to-liquid ratio of low-substituted hypromellose composite microspheres to saturated clarified lime water is 1:4.8;

d. Add calcium dobesilate into deionized water, fully stir until completely dissolved to obtain calcium dobesilate solution; add calcium caseinate/low-substituted hypromellose microspheres into n-hexane, and then add Polysorbate-80, fully mixed to obtain a microsphere mixture;

Wherein, the solid-to-liquid ratio of calcium dobesilate to deionized water is 1:12, the solid-to-liquid ratio of calcium caseinate/low-substituted hypromellose microspheres to n-hexane is 1:14, and the polysorbate- The mass ratio of 80 to n-hexane is 1:64;

e. After heating the microsphere mixture to 65～80℃, add calcium dobesilate solution dropwise while stirring, after the dropwise addition, continue stirring for 0.5～1h, collect the lower layer solid by centrifugation, and use the collected lower layer solid The ethanol solution with a mass fraction of 30% to 50% is washed at least three times, and the washed product is vacuum-dried to obtain slow-release biological microspheres containing calcium;

Wherein, the volume ratio of the microsphere mixture to the calcium dobesilate solution is 1:0.8.

Comparative ratio

The experimental process is the same as in Example 1, but no enhancer is fed.

experiment procedure:

The 100,000 vannamei shrimp seedlings with a length of 0.6 to 0.8 cm transported by air were divided into two equal parts, one part was cultivated using the method of Example 1 (the enhancer was selected from Example 2), and the other part was The method of the comparative example was used to carry out standard roughness cultivation. Except for the different feeding ingredients in step 8, other conditions were the same. After cultivating for 15 days, the seedlings emerged. The calculated seedling emergence rate is shown in Table 1 below.

Table 1 The results of different methods for cultivating shrimp fry with standard roughness

Delivery volume (10,000 tails) Initial salinity (‰) Salinity after desalination (‰) Number of seedlings emerging (10,000 tails) Emergence rate (%) Example 1 10±0.01 28 8 8.17±0.01 81.7 Comparative ratio 10±0.01 28 8 6.43±0.01 64.3

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that , the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for marking shrimp seedlings in alpine regions roughly is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step one, arranging a plurality of culture ponds in an indoor culture workshop, wherein the culture ponds are made of cement, the length of each culture pond is 3.8-4.4 m, the width of each culture pond is 2.7-3.2 m, and the depth of each culture pond is 0.9-1.3 m;

arranging a heating pipeline and an oxygenation pipeline in each culture pond, wherein the heating pipelines are arranged at the bottom of the culture ponds, and the pipeline parts extending out of the upper part of the bottom of each culture pond are arranged close to the edges of the bottoms of the culture ponds; the oxygen increasing pipeline is arranged at the center of the bottom of the culture pond;

step three, when shrimp seedlings need to be placed, washing the interior of the culture pond with a detergent, and washing the interior of the culture pond with clean water;

placing the treated water into the interior of the culture pond, wherein the water depth is 3/5-4/5 of the depth of the culture pond, and detecting the salinity of the water body after the water is discharged, so that the salinity difference between the water body in the culture pond and the carried seedling water body is smaller than 1/10;

step five, adding biological bait, probiotics, vitamins, mineral substances and water antidote which are necessary for the shrimp to be coarse; the biological bait comprises live adult insects and eggs to be hatched, and needs to be put into the culture pond in advance and ensures that the eggs to be hatched are hatched and survive for at least two days;

sixthly, after the shrimp seedlings are transported and are kept stand for 0.5-1 hour, observing and recording the state of the seedlings, starting heating, controlling the water temperature to be 22-24 ℃, placing the seedlings together with the packaging bags into a culture pond to be kept stand for 2-4 hours, then starting oxygenation, and pouring the seedlings in the packaging bags into the culture pond;

seventhly, calculating the first day from the pouring of the seedlings into the culture pond, observing and recording the growth condition of the seedlings every day, feeding once every 3-4 hours, regularly changing the total water amount 1/5-1/4 of water in the culture pond every day after two days, and gradually reducing the salinity of the water body until the salinity of the water body is reduced to eight thousandths;

step eight, after the seedlings are unshelled twice, controlling the water temperature to be 24-26 ℃, feeding the reinforcing agent when the biological bait is fed, and then continuously culturing for 7-10 days to finish coarse marking;

the preparation method of the reinforcing agent comprises the following steps:

a. adding low-substituted hydroxypropyl methylcellulose into a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 5-10%, heating to 45-55 ℃, and continuously stirring until the low-substituted hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is completely dissolved to obtain a low-substituted hydroxypropyl methylcellulose solution;

wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of the low-substituted hydroxypropyl methylcellulose to the sodium hydroxide solution is 1: 12-18;

b. placing a reaction bottle containing glycerol in an ice water bath, continuously dropwise adding a low-substituted hydroxypropyl methylcellulose solution while stirring, after dropwise adding, adding sodium caseinate, continuously stirring for 2-4 h, centrifuging, collecting lower-layer solids, and vacuum drying the lower-layer solids to obtain low-substituted hydroxypropyl methylcellulose composite microspheres;

wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of the sodium caseinate to the low-substituted hydroxypropyl methylcellulose solution is 1: 15-20, and the mass ratio of the glycerol to the sodium caseinate is 1: 5-7;

c. adding the low-substituted hydroxypropyl methylcellulose composite microspheres into deionized water, fully stirring, adding saturated clear lime water, fully stirring to be uniform, carrying out crosslinking reaction treatment for 2-5 h, standing for 8-12 h, centrifuging, collecting lower-layer solids, washing with ethanol for at least three times, and drying under a vacuum condition to obtain calcium caseinate/low-substituted hydroxypropyl methylcellulose microspheres;

wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of the low-substituted hydroxypropyl methylcellulose composite microspheres to deionized water is 1: 6-10, and the solid-to-liquid ratio of the low-substituted hydroxypropyl methylcellulose composite microspheres to saturated clear lime water is 1: 2.2-4.8;

d. adding calcium dobesilate into deionized water, and fully stirring until the calcium dobesilate is completely dissolved to obtain a calcium dobesilate solution; adding calcium caseinate/low-substituted hydroxypropyl methylcellulose microspheres into n-hexane, adding polysorbate-80, and mixing completely to obtain microsphere mixed solution;

wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of calcium dobesilate to deionized water is 1: 8-12, the solid-to-liquid ratio of calcium caseinate/low-substituted hydroxypropyl methylcellulose microspheres to n-hexane is 1: 10-14, and the mass ratio of polysorbate-80 to n-hexane is 1: 42-64;

e. heating the microsphere mixed solution to 65-80 ℃, dropwise adding a calcium dobesilate solution while stirring, after dropwise adding, continuously stirring for 0.5-1 h, centrifugally collecting lower-layer solids, washing the collected lower-layer solids for at least three times by using an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 30-50%, and carrying out vacuum drying on the washed product to obtain biological microspheres;

wherein the volume ratio of the microsphere mixed solution to the calcium dobesilate solution is 1: 0.6-0.8.

2. The method for thickening shrimp seedlings in alpine regions according to claim 1, wherein the heating pipeline comprises a main pipeline and a plurality of auxiliary pipelines; wherein, the main pipeline is buried in the cement of the culture pond; the auxiliary pipeline is connected with the main pipeline and stretches out of the upper portion of the bottom of the culture pond, and the auxiliary pipeline is arranged along the corner line of the bottom of the culture pond.

3. The method for marking the thickness of the shrimp seedlings in the alpine region as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the first step, a light screen or a shading net is arranged above the culture pond.

4. The method for thickening shrimp seedlings in alpine regions according to claim 2, wherein the inner diameter of the main pipe is 32-75 mm, and the main pipe is made of a polymeric material.

5. The method for thickening shrimp seedlings in alpine regions according to claim 2, wherein the inner diameter of the auxiliary pipeline is 5-10 mm, and the auxiliary pipeline is made of stainless steel.

6. The method for thickening shrimp seedlings in the alpine region as claimed in claim 1, wherein after the heating pipeline is installed and debugged to normally operate, an oxygen increasing pipeline is installed, and after the oxygen increasing pipeline is detected to be free of problems, the installation is completed.

7. The method for marking thickness of shrimp seedlings in alpine regions according to claim 1, wherein the detergent is an environment-friendly detergent comprising a surfactant.

8. The method for marking the thickness of the shrimp seedlings in the alpine region as claimed in claim 1, wherein the treated water is the water with the salinity equivalent to the original area of the freshly prepared shrimp seedlings in the fourth step.

9. The method for thickening shrimp seedlings in alpine regions according to claim 1, wherein in the sixth step, the putting amount of the shrimp seedlings is 2-3 ten thousand tails/m 2.

10. The method for thickening shrimp seedlings in alpine regions according to claim 1, wherein in the eighth step, the reinforcing agent is slow-release biological microspheres containing calcium.