CN113188423A

CN113188423A - Positioning device and detection system for detecting symmetry degree of radial hole of axial part

Info

Publication number: CN113188423A
Application number: CN202110335567.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 田中山; 杨晓; 杨昌群; 杨新锋; 牛道东; 陈杨军; 李育特; 杨兵
Original assignee: Xian Aerospace Propulsion Institute; China Oil and Gas Pipeline Network Corp South China Branch
Current assignee: Xian Aerospace Propulsion Institute; China Oil and Gas Pipeline Network Corp; China Oil and Gas Pipeline Network Corp South China Branch
Priority date: 2021-03-29
Filing date: 2021-03-29
Publication date: 2021-07-30
Anticipated expiration: 2041-03-29
Also published as: CN113188423B

Abstract

The invention discloses a positioning device and a detection system for detecting the symmetry of radial holes of shaft parts. Including positioning blocks one, two and two positioning pins and pins; a surface of the positioning block is provided with a plane A1 perpendicular to the axial direction and a side plane parallel to the axial direction, and the positioning block one is provided with an installation along the axial direction. hole and two positioning holes, and the two positioning holes are located on both sides of the installation hole, and the plane where the central axis of the two positioning blocks is located is parallel to the side plane; the second surface of the positioning block is provided with a bottom positioning plane B1, a positioning plane B2 and a positioning Plane C, and the positioning plane B2 and the positioning plane C are perpendicular to each other, wherein the plane A1 is fitted with the positioning plane B2, and the side plane is fitted with the positioning plane C; the two positioning pins are respectively installed in the two positioning holes, to be measured during measurement The parts are installed in the installation holes, the pins are installed through the radial holes to be measured, and the two ends of the pins are attached to the positioning pins on both sides for positioning and fixing. The device of the invention has reliable six-point positioning, and the measurement is simple and accurate.

Description

Positioning device and detection system for detecting symmetry degree of radial hole of axial part

Technical Field

The invention relates to a tool for measuring a radial hole of a part for a shaft, in particular to a positioning device for detecting the symmetry degree of the radial hole of the part for the shaft and a corresponding detection system.

Background

In the manufacturing and using processes of precision products, the processing requirements for each part are high, and especially the form and position size precision of key parts often determines the overall performance of the products. The measurement of the form and position size needs to be positioned accurately repeatedly, and the reference is consistent.

For example, the shaft part has the structural characteristics of radial holes and higher requirements on the position degree of the holes, and is commonly used as a small module gear transmission shaft. For the measurement of the radial hole position, an existing measuring instrument is often used: one is to adopt three-coordinate measurement, although the measurement is accurate, the equipment price is expensive, and the measurement cost is high; the other is to adopt a projector for measurement, and then a special tool with higher precision is needed to ensure that the radial hole vertical measurement platform can carry out measurement, the measurement difficulty is high, the possibility of system error is high, the measurement cost is high, and the measurement effect is not ideal.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the defects or shortcomings of the prior art, the invention provides a positioning device for detecting symmetry of a radial hole of a part for a shaft.

Therefore, the positioning device for detecting the symmetry degree of the radial hole of the shaft part comprises:

a first positioning block, wherein a plane A1 vertical to the axial direction and a side plane parallel to the axial direction are arranged on the surface of the first positioning block; one end of the first positioning block, which is opposite to the plane A1, is provided with an installation hole which is arranged along the axial direction and two positioning holes which are arranged along the axial direction, the two positioning holes are positioned at two sides of the installation hole, and the plane where the central axes of the two positioning holes are positioned is parallel to the side plane;

the two positioning pins are respectively arranged in the two positioning holes;

the pin penetrates through the radial hole of the part to be tested to be installed when the part to be tested is axially installed in the installation hole, and two ends of the pin are attached to the two positioning pins;

and a second positioning block, wherein a second positioning block 2 is provided with a bottom positioning plane B1, a positioning plane B2 and a positioning plane C which are parallel to the bottom positioning plane on the surface, the positioning plane B2 and the positioning plane C are mutually perpendicular, the first positioning block is placed on the second positioning block, the plane A1 is attached to the positioning plane B2, and meanwhile, the side plane is attached to the positioning plane C.

Preferably, a positioning surface D is set on the inner wall of the mounting hole, the positioning surface D is located between the two positioning holes, a plane of the positioning surface D is parallel to a plane of the central axes of the two positioning holes or the side plane, and the plane of the positioning surface D is located between the plane of the central axes of the two positioning holes and the plane of the side plane.

Optionally, a recessed v-shaped groove is formed in the inner wall of the mounting hole, and the bottom surface of the v-shaped groove is the positioning surface D.

Further, a plane A2 which is opposite to and parallel to the plane A1 is further arranged on one surface of the positioning block; the plane A2 is provided with an installation hole arranged along the axial direction and two positioning holes arranged along the axial direction, and the part of the pin which leaks out of the radial hole of the part to be tested is attached to the plane A2.

Furthermore, a fixing hole communicated with the mounting hole is formed in the first positioning block along the radial direction; the fixing device also comprises a compression screw which is arranged in the fixing hole.

Further, the first positioning block is a cylinder with a part being cut along the axial direction.

Furthermore, the two axial sections of the positioning blocks are L-shaped.

The invention also provides a system for detecting the symmetry of the radial holes of the axial parts. Therefore, the detection system provided by the invention comprises a measuring tool and the positioning device, wherein a second positioning block of the positioning device is fixedly arranged, the measuring tool is fixedly arranged relative to the second positioning block, the measuring tool is used for measuring the relative variation of the maximum measurement values of the front and the back two times, the maximum measurement value of the front time is the maximum measurement value displayed when the measuring tool contacts the outer side surface of the part to be measured when the part to be measured is axially arranged in the mounting hole, and the maximum measurement value of the back time is the maximum measurement value displayed when the part to be measured rotates 180 degrees relative to the measurement of the front time.

Specifically, the measuring tool is a dial indicator.

Furthermore, the detection system also comprises a bracket, wherein the bracket is fixedly arranged relative to the second positioning block, and a movable measuring tool mounting structure is arranged on the bracket and used for mounting the measuring tool.

Has the advantages that:

the device of the invention has reliable six-point positioning, namely X, Y, Z coordinate and rotation positioning of each coordinate axis, and the measurement becomes simple and easy, and the reading is accurate.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural reference diagram of the positioning block I;

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the positioning block I;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a positioning block II;

fig. 7 is a reference diagram of the actual use state of the device of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Unless otherwise specified, the terms or methods herein are understood or implemented according to the knowledge or common knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the relevant art.

The axial direction, the radial direction and the like or the azimuth terms are consistent with the corresponding directions or azimuths in the drawings, wherein the axial direction is also the extending direction of the part to be measured in the mounting hole, and the extending direction is perpendicular to the radial hole of the part to be measured; it should be noted that the directions and orientations shown in the drawings do not limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications, rotations, adjustments, and the like based on the concept of the present invention within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example (b):

referring to fig. 1, the positioning device of the present invention includes a first positioning block 3, a second positioning block 2, two positioning pins 4 and a pin (not shown in fig. 1); wherein: a plane A131 perpendicular to the axial direction and a side plane 33 parallel to the axial direction are arranged on the surface of the first positioning block, a mounting hole 31 and two positioning holes 32 which are axially formed are arranged at one end of the first positioning block opposite to the plane A1, the two positioning holes 32 are positioned at two sides of the mounting hole 31, and planes where central axes of the two positioning blocks are positioned are parallel to the side plane 33;

a bottom positioning plane B123, a positioning plane B221 and a positioning plane C22 which are parallel to the bottom positioning plane are arranged on the surface of the second positioning block 2, the positioning plane B221 and the positioning plane C22 are perpendicular to each other, the first positioning block is placed on the second positioning block, the plane A1 is attached to the positioning plane B2, and the side plane is attached to the positioning plane C;

the two positioning pins are respectively arranged in the two positioning holes and are locally leaked; when a part to be tested is installed in the installation hole, the pin is used for penetrating through the radial hole to be tested to be installed, and two ends of the pin are attached to the positioning pins on two sides.

During measurement, referring to fig. 7, a second positioning block is horizontally arranged to form a positioning reference, and the first positioning block is arranged on the second positioning block according to the scheme; the shaft part to be measured is axially arranged in the mounting hole and attached to the surface of one side in the mounting hole, a pin is inserted into a radial hole on the shaft part, the pin and the hole form a tight fit, and the pin is attached to positioning pins on two sides so as to position and fix the shaft part to be measured;

then, a measuring tool 5 fixedly arranged at the side, such as a dial indicator, is used for contacting the surface of the part to be measured, the positioning block I is slightly slid left and right to drive the part to be measured to slide, the highest measuring point is found out, and the numerical value is recorded; in the same method, the measured piece is rotated by 180 degrees, the precision of the measured piece is measured again, and the numerical value is recorded; and comparing the two measurement data to obtain an accurate value of the symmetry of the radial hole of the part for the measured shaft. The corresponding planes or the positioning surfaces among the parts are attached, and when the first positioning block drives the tested part to slide, the position deviation cannot be caused to generate errors. In addition, the second positioning block needs to be fixed during measurement, and displacement is not allowed; meanwhile, the measuring tools such as percentage angles and positions are consistent, and the shaking or the change of the percentage table position is not allowed. In a more specific scheme, during measurement, the second positioning block can be placed on the horizontal table 1 and is matched with the first positioning block to ensure accurate positioning.

In a more specific scheme, as shown in fig. 1, the measuring tool 5 is fixedly mounted beside the positioning device through a bracket 6, and a movable measuring tool mounting structure is arranged on the bracket, so that the angle and position of the measuring tool can be conveniently adjusted during measurement.

In some embodiments, a surface of the positioning block is provided with a plane a2 opposite to and parallel to the plane a1, the plane a2 is provided with a mounting hole and two positioning holes, and the leaking part of the pin is attached to the plane a2 during measurement, so that the pin can be positioned more accurately during measurement.

In some schemes, in order to better realize the positioning effect, the inner wall of the mounting hole is provided with a positioning surface D, the positioning surface D is positioned between two positioning controls, meanwhile, the plane where the positioning surface D is positioned is parallel to the side plane 33 or the plane where the central axes of the two positioning holes are positioned, and the plane where the positioning surface D is positioned between the plane where the side plane is positioned and the plane where the central axes of the two positioning holes are positioned. In a specific scheme, as shown in fig. 2, a concave V-shaped groove can be arranged in the mounting hole, and the geometric bottom surface of the V-shaped groove is a positioning surface D. When the part to be measured is mounted in the mounting hole, especially when the aperture of the mounting hole is large, the part to be measured can be positioned by being attached to the positioning surface.

In a further embodiment, especially when the diameter of the mounting hole is too large, the component to be tested in the mounting hole needs to be fixed, correspondingly, a fixing hole 36 is formed in the side wall of the first positioning block in the radial direction (i.e. perpendicular to the axial direction), and when the component to be tested is mounted in the mounting hole, the component is fixed by mounting the compression screw 7 in the positioning hole 36.

In some specific embodiments, the positioning block one 3 has a cylindrical shape with a part being cut off along the axial direction, as shown in fig. 2, and the surfaces of the corresponding portions are a plane a1, a plane a2 and a side plane, respectively. The cross section of the second positioning block 2 is L-shaped, and the corresponding surfaces are a positioning plane B and a positioning plane C.

The radial holes shown in the table 1 are measured by adopting the measuring system of the invention, the requirement of the symmetry degree of each radial hole relative to the axis and the measured data are recorded as the following table 1, the two-time indication values in the table are respectively the numerical values read on the dial indicator, and the two-time indication value is the test indication value after the one-time indication test azimuth is rotated by 180 degrees.

TABLE 1

Although only a few specific embodiments of this patent have been disclosed, this design is not so limited and all changes that would occur to one skilled in the art are intended to be embraced therein.

Claims

1. A positioning device for the detection of radial hole symmetry of a shaft component, characterized in that it comprises:

Positioning block one, the first surface of the positioning block is provided with a plane A1 perpendicular to the axial direction and a side plane parallel to the axial direction; the opposite end of the positioning block with the plane A1 is provided with a mounting hole opened along the axial direction and two along the axis. The positioning holes opened in the direction of the two positioning holes are located on both sides of the mounting hole, and the planes where the central axes of the two positioning holes are located are parallel to the side planes;

Two positioning pins, respectively installed in the two positioning holes;

a pin, when the component to be tested is axially installed in the installation hole, the pin is installed through the radial hole of the component to be tested, and both ends of the pin are attached to the two positioning pins;

Positioning block 2, the surface of the positioning block 2 is provided with a bottom positioning plane B1, a positioning plane B2 parallel to the bottom positioning plane, and a positioning plane C, the positioning plane B2 and the positioning plane C are perpendicular to each other, and the positioning block one is placed on the The second positioning block is on top, and the plane A1 and the positioning plane B2 are attached, and the side plane is attached to the positioning plane C at the same time.

2 . The positioning device for detecting the symmetry degree of the radial hole of the shaft component according to claim 1 , wherein a positioning surface D is set on the inner wall of the mounting hole, and the positioning surface D is located between the two positioning holes, and 2 . The plane where the positioning surface D is located is parallel to the plane where the central axes of the two positioning holes are located or is parallel to the side plane, and the plane where the positioning surface D is located is located between the plane where the central axes of the two positioning holes are located and the plane where the side planes are located. .

3 . The positioning device for detecting the symmetry of radial holes of shaft components according to claim 1 , wherein the inner wall of the mounting hole is provided with a concave v-shaped groove, and the bottom surface of the v-shaped groove is the positioning surface D. 4 . .

4 . The positioning device for detecting the symmetry degree of radial holes of shaft components according to claim 1 , wherein a surface of the positioning block is further provided with a plane A2 opposite and parallel to the plane A1 ; the plane A2 is provided with a mounting hole opened in the axial direction and two positioning holes opened in the axial direction, and the part of the pin that leaks out of the radial hole of the component to be tested is attached to the plane A2.

5. The positioning device for detecting the symmetry of the radial hole of the shaft component according to claim 1, wherein the positioning block 1 is radially provided with a fixing hole that communicates with the mounting hole; it also includes a compression screw , the pressing screw is installed in the fixing hole.

6 . The positioning device for detecting the symmetry degree of a radial hole of a shaft component according to claim 1 , wherein the first positioning block is a cylindrical body partially cut in the axial direction. 7 .

7 . The positioning device for detecting the symmetry degree of radial holes of shaft components according to claim 1 , wherein the two axial cross-sections of the positioning blocks are “L”-shaped. 8 .

8. A radial hole symmetry detection system for shaft components, characterized in that the system comprises a measuring tool and the positioning device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein two positioning blocks of the positioning device are fixed Setting, the measuring tool is fixed relative to the positioning block 2, the measuring tool is used to measure the relative change of the two maximum measured values before and after, and the previous maximum measured value is the component to be measured installed in the axial direction. When the measuring tool is in the hole, the maximum measurement value displayed when the measuring tool contacts the outer surface of the component to be measured, and the maximum measurement value displayed after the component to be measured is rotated 180° relative to the previous measurement when the latter measurement value is rotated.

9 . The radial hole symmetry detection system for shaft components according to claim 8 , wherein the measuring tool is a dial indicator. 10 .

10 . The radial hole symmetry detection system for shaft components according to claim 8 , further comprising a bracket, the bracket is fixedly arranged relative to the second positioning block, and the bracket is provided with a movable measuring device. 11 . A tool installation structure for installing the measurement tool.