Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a milling blade with a chip control function, and aims to solve the problems that the existing milling blade cannot control chips and damage the blade.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a milling insert having a chip control function, comprising:
The cutting blade comprises a blade body, a main cutting edge and a transition edge, wherein the blade body is formed by encircling an upper top surface, a lower bottom surface, two end surfaces connected with the upper top surface and the lower bottom surface and two side surfaces, the blade body is approximately cuboid, a central hole is formed in the axisymmetric center of the blade body, the upper top surface and the side surfaces are intersected according to respective curvature extension to form the main cutting edge, the upper top surface and the end surfaces are intersected according to respective curvature extension to form the auxiliary cutting edge and the transition edge, the main cutting edge and the auxiliary cutting edge are smoothly connected by a convex curve to form a main cutting angle, the main cutting edge and the transition edge are smoothly connected by a convex curve to form the auxiliary cutting angle, and the auxiliary cutting edge and the transition edge are smoothly connected by a concave curve to form a clearance groove;
the cutting control system comprises a secondary cutting edge, a main cutting angle and a chip control groove, wherein the chip control groove is trapped on the upper top surface and comprises a front cutter surface, a chip breaker and a main edge belt formed by extending the main cutting edge inwards, one end of the front cutter surface is connected with the main edge belt, the other end of the front cutter surface is connected with the chip breaker, one end of the chip breaker is adjacent to the clearance groove, the other end of the chip breaker is adjacent to the central hole, and the included angle between the length direction of the chip breaker and the direction from the secondary cutting edge to the main cutting angle is smaller than or equal to 90 degrees; the chip breaker can flow and curl the scrap iron according to a preset mode.
Preferably, the main cutting edge comprises a first sub-curve, a second sub-curve, a third sub-curve, a fourth sub-curve and a fifth sub-curve which are sequentially connected end to end, the first sub-curve, the third sub-curve and the fifth sub-curve are straight line segments, the second sub-curve is a convex curve segment, the fourth sub-curve is a concave curve segment, and the inclination angle formed by the third sub-curve and the lower bottom surface is smaller than 90 degrees.
Preferably, the rake face forms an angle a with the lower base surface, wherein 15 ° < a < 25 °.
Preferably, the height T from the main cutting edge to the lower bottom surface is greater than or equal to the height T from the highest point of the chip breaker to the lower bottom surface.
Preferably, the included angle between the length direction of the chip breaker and the direction from the auxiliary cutting edge to the main cutting angle is 75 degrees.
Preferably, the length of the chip breaker is 0.25-0.35 times the length of the blade body.
Preferably, the blade body further comprises a blade body for mounting the blade body, the side surface is provided with a first rear corner face, the end surface is provided with a second rear corner face, the blade body is provided with a blade groove, a first positioning base surface attached to the first rear corner face, a second positioning base surface attached to the second rear corner face and a third positioning base surface attached to the lower bottom face are arranged in the blade groove, and the blade body is eccentrically fixed in the blade groove through a locking bolt.
The scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects: in the invention, the cutting control system is additionally arranged on the milling blade, and in the milling process of large cutting depth, the cutting process is formally started from the contact of the main cutting edge and the metal workpiece, and the scrap iron is continuously generated. In a cutting period, the scrap iron flowing out along the front cutter surface is interfered by the chip breaker, the scrap iron is controlled by the chip breaker to be forcibly lifted up instead of being naturally curled, gaps are formed between the scrap iron and the front cutter surface, the contact area between the scrap iron and the front cutter surface is reduced, and therefore the damage probability of a protective coating on the surface of the blade is reduced;
Meanwhile, the iron filings between the main cutting edge and the chip breaker can form smaller curling curvature and larger curling radius, the iron filings far away from the chip breaker have larger curling curvature and smaller curling radius, the overlapped space positions of curling can be far away from the main cutting edge along with the continuous extension of the iron filings, and under the cooperation of other functional structures in the cutting control system, the iron filings which are curled can be driven to be far away from the main cutting edge as much as possible in the processing of large cutting depth, the damage probability of the main cutting edge is reduced, the contact area between the iron filings and the surface of the blade can be reduced, the damage degree of the surface coating of the blade is reduced, the purposes of controlling the flow direction of the iron filings and curling are achieved, and the service life of the blade is further prolonged.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved more apparent, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The present invention is directed to the problem of the prior art by referring to fig. 1-7, and provides a milling insert with chip control, comprising an insert body 1 and an insert body 40, wherein the insert body 1 comprises an insert body 1, which is approximately cuboid, surrounded by an upper top surface 2, a lower bottom surface 3 and end surfaces 5 and side surfaces 4 connected to said upper top surface 2, said lower bottom surface 3, the insert body 1 being provided with a central hole 6 at its axisymmetric centre O. The cutter body 40 includes a cutter pocket 28 for mounting the cutter body 1. The preparation of the blade main body 1 belongs to one-time compression molding of a precision die, and then the blade main body is formed by sintering and shrinking in a vacuum high-temperature sintering furnace, and finally a physical finished product is formed through subsequent treatment.
The upper top surface 2 is mainly a surface that participates in actual cutting. The upper top surface 2 and the side surface 4 extend according to respective curvatures to form main cutting edges 8, 8', the upper top surface 2 and the end surface 5 extend according to respective curvatures to form secondary cutting edges 7, 7' and transition edges 9, 9', the main cutting edges 7, 8' and the secondary cutting edges 7, 7 'are smoothly connected by convex curves to form main cutting angles 10, 10', the main cutting edges 8, 8 'and the transition edges 9, 9' are smoothly connected by convex curves to form secondary cutting angles 11, 11', and the secondary cutting edges 7, 7' and the transition edges 9, 9 'are smoothly connected by concave curves to form clearance grooves 12, 12'.
In fig. 1,2,3 and 4, the plane of the secondary cutting edge 7, 7' is parallel to the lower bottom surface 3, the clearance grooves 12, 12' and the secondary cutting edge 7, 7' are in the same plane, and the transition edge 9, 9' is close to one side of the secondary cutting corner 11, 11' in the direction. In view 2, the minor cutting edges 7, 7 'are at an angle of approximately 90 degrees to the major cutting edges 8, 8'. The secondary cutting edges 7, 7' have a relatively low probability of machining breakage and do not directly participate in the removal of the large margin, but rather a finishing treatment of the machined surface for improving the quality of the machined surface. The main cutting edge 8, 8 'is formed by five spatial sub-curves joined end to end smoothly, in fig. 5 the main cutting edge 8, 8' comprises a first sub-curve 81, a third sub-curve 83 and a fifth sub-curve 85 having distinct straight-line segment characteristics, and the third sub-curve 83 has distinct characteristics of being inclined from the main cutting corner 10, 10 'to the auxiliary cutting corner 11, 11'. The first and fifth sub-curves 81, 85 are substantially parallel to the lower bottom surface 3. A second sub-curve 82 is formed by the first sub-curve 81 and the third sub-curve 83 which are in smooth contact with each other from the beginning to the end through a convex curve section, and a fourth sub-curve 84 is formed by the third sub-curve 83 and the fifth sub-curve 85 which are in smooth contact with each other from the beginning to the end through a concave curve section; the vertical height H of the first sub-curve 81 relative to the lower floor 3 is significantly greater than the vertical height H of the fifth sub-curve 85 relative to the lower floor 3, preferably h=3.5 mm, h=2.5 mm. The main cutting edges 8 and 8' are important participation structures for removing the allowance of metal parts in cutting processing, and directly influence the cutting effect and the service life of the blade, so that the abrasion probability of the main cutting edges 8 and 8' is reduced, the collision risk of the main cutting edges 8 and 8' and external factors is reduced, the life cycle of the blade main body 1 can be improved, and meanwhile, the inclination angle formed by the third sub-curve 83 and the lower bottom surface 3 is smaller than 90 degrees, and the inclination structure is more favorable for discharging scrap iron and can prevent the scrap iron from scratching the processed surface.
The upper top surface 2 is a core layer for controlling the flow direction and curling of the iron filings. Chip control grooves 30, 30 'are arranged on the upper top surface 2 near the secondary cutting edges 7, 7', the main cutting edges 8, 8', and the chip control grooves 30, 30' are approximately concave on the upper top surface 2 and are in smooth contact with the upper top surface 2. The secondary cutting edge 7, 7', the primary cutting edge 8, 8', the primary cutting corner 10, 10' together with the chip-controlling flute 30, 30' form a complete cutting control system 13, 13'. The chip control flutes 30, 30 'are mainly formed by the main lands 20, 20', the rake surfaces 21, 21 'and the chipbreakers 22, 22'. The main edge strips 20, 20 'are formed by extending the main edge strips 8, 8' inwards, that is, the main edge strips 8, 8 'move a certain distance to the central hole 6 along the direction parallel to the lower bottom surface 3, the width values of the main edge strips 20, 20' are constant, the width preferred value is 0.12mm, and the main edge strips 8, 8 'and the main edge strips 20, 20' are simultaneously responsible for enabling the blade main body 1 to smoothly cut into and cut out parts with smaller cutting resistance, thus completing one-time cutting task, inhibiting cutting vibration, reducing cutting vibration marks and improving surface processing quality. In fig. 3, the angle a formed by the rake surfaces 21, 21' and the lower bottom surface 3 is indicated by an auxiliary line W, which is parallel to the lower bottom surface 3, preferably 15 ° < a < 25 °. When the blade body 1 is mounted on the blade body 40, the blade front blade faces 21, 21 'and the lower bottom surface 3 have to be adjusted within the range according to the actual situation, rather than a fixed value, due to the axial and radial mounting angles of the blade body 40, so that positive combined inclination angles of the front blade faces 21, 21' can be ensured when the blade body 40 is matched for cutting, and the cutting can be smoothly performed.
The chipbreaker 22, 22 'is adjacent to the void-avoidance groove 12, 12' at one end and the central aperture 6 at the other end. The chipbreaker 22, 22' has a length of 0.25 to 0.35 times the total length of the insert L, preferably 0.3 times, preferably l=11.75 mm. In fig. 2, the length direction of the chip breaker 22, 22' forms an angle of not more than 90 degrees, preferably 75 degrees, with the direction from the minor cutting edge 7, 7' to the major cutting corner 10, 10', and in fig. 3, the height T of the highest point of the chip breaker 22, 22' to the lower bottom surface 3 is not higher than the height T of the major cutting edge 8, 8' to the lower bottom surface 3, i.e. t.gtoreq.t. The chip breaker 22, 22' is a meandering portion, the meandering portion comprises at least a section of concave curve and a section of convex curve, the concave curve is connected with the convex curve, the concave curve is close to one side of the main edge belt 20, 20', wherein the concave curve of the chip breaker 22, 22' is lower than the upper top surface 2, the convex curve is higher than the upper top surface 2, and the meandering portion plays a role in guiding iron filings to curl. The chip breaker 22, 22' can effectively flow and curl the scrap iron according to a preset mode, reduces the contact area with the top surface 2 on the blade main body 1, and can be away from the main cutting edges 8, 8', so that the structure of an unused cutting control system 13, 13' can be protected, and the purpose of chip control of the blade main body 1 is achieved.
In the assembly mode of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the blade body 1 is placed in the pocket 28 in the cutter body 40, so that the first rear corner surface 41 of the blade body 1 is bonded to the first positioning base surface 31 in the pocket 28, the second rear corner surface 51 is bonded to the second positioning base surface 38 in the pocket 28, and the lower bottom surface 3 is bonded to the third positioning base surface 32 in the pocket 28. The blade body 1 is pressed into the pocket 28 in the blade body 40 by the pressure of the locking screw 33. The locking screw 33 mates with the threaded bore 29 in the pocket 28. In order to achieve stable cutting, the close fit of the insert body 1 with the insert body 40 is important, and thus, there is a positional deviation between the center hole 6 of the insert body 1 and the screw hole 29 of the insert body 40, and the insert body 1 is tightly locked in the insert pocket 28 by the locking screw 33 in an eccentric manner. In general, the cutter body 40 has at least one cutter slot 28, and when the blade body 1 is all mounted on the cutter slot 28, the cutter body 40 is mounted on a machine tool through a tool system, and a main shaft of the machine tool drives the cutter body 40 to rotate around a rotation center O' at a high speed, so that cutting is realized.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.