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CN113172267B - Milling insert with chip control function - Google Patents

Milling insert with chip control function Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113172267B
CN113172267B CN202110556171.2A CN202110556171A CN113172267B CN 113172267 B CN113172267 B CN 113172267B CN 202110556171 A CN202110556171 A CN 202110556171A CN 113172267 B CN113172267 B CN 113172267B
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China
Prior art keywords
curve
sub
blade
chip
main cutting
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CN202110556171.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113172267A (en
Inventor
陈胜男
吴志龙
刘承军
高江雄
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Zhuzhou Huarui Precision Cutting Tools Co ltd
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Zhuzhou Huarui Precision Cutting Tools Co ltd
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Priority to CN202110556171.2A priority Critical patent/CN113172267B/en
Publication of CN113172267A publication Critical patent/CN113172267A/en
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Publication of CN113172267B publication Critical patent/CN113172267B/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23CMILLING
    • B23C5/00Milling-cutters
    • B23C5/02Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
    • B23C5/10Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23CMILLING
    • B23C5/00Milling-cutters
    • B23C5/16Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
    • B23C5/20Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape with removable cutter bits or teeth or cutting inserts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23CMILLING
    • B23C2210/00Details of milling cutters
    • B23C2210/48Chip breakers
    • B23C2210/483Chip breaking projections

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种具有控屑功能的铣削刀片,涉及金属切削加工领域,包括刀片主体和设置在刀片主体上的切削控制系统,刀片主体由上顶面、下底面和与所述上顶面、所述下底面相连接的两个端表面以及两个侧表面围成,所述上顶面和所述侧表面按各自曲率延伸相交形成主切削刃,切削控制系统主要包括断屑台,在较大切削深度的情况下,铁屑通过与断屑台接触并使得卷曲的铁屑远离主切削刃,减小主切削刃的破坏几率,同时能够降低铁屑与刀片主体的接触面积,减轻刀片表面涂层破坏程度,达到控制铁屑卷曲和流向的目的,进而提升铣削刀片的寿命。

The present invention provides a milling blade with a chip control function, which relates to the field of metal cutting processing, and comprises a blade body and a cutting control system arranged on the blade body. The blade body is surrounded by an upper top surface, a lower bottom surface, two end surfaces connected to the upper top surface and the lower bottom surface, and two side surfaces. The upper top surface and the side surfaces extend and intersect with each other according to their respective curvatures to form a main cutting edge. The cutting control system mainly comprises a chip breaker. In the case of a large cutting depth, iron chips contact the chip breaker and make the curled iron chips away from the main cutting edge, thereby reducing the probability of damage to the main cutting edge. At the same time, the contact area between the iron chips and the blade body can be reduced, and the degree of damage to the blade surface coating can be reduced, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the curling and flow direction of the iron chips, thereby improving the life of the milling blade.

Description

Milling blade with chip control function
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal cutting machining, in particular to a milling blade with a chip control function.
Background
Turning and milling are two common machining modes in the field of metal cutting machining at present. In view of the characteristics of the tool, the turning process is usually continuous, whereas the milling process is usually intermittent, since a plurality of cutting units are distributed on the milling tool, and each cutting unit is repeatedly involved in cutting the part in the actual process. Because the milling cutter cuts continuously in the processing, the iron filings processed are naturally not too long, and the iron filings processed are forced to separate and break under the action of centrifugal force due to the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the milling cutter, the structural design in the aspect of chip control is not excessively considered in the structural design of the milling cutter based on the cutting principle.
For example, the data published in international patent WO2015/115379 shows that the structural design of the blade can fully ensure the strength of the tip and reduce the cutting resistance, thereby prolonging the service life of the cutter, however, the upper top surface of the blade has no control structure for scrap iron, the influence of the scrap iron on the main cutting edge is ignored, and the blade of the type has certain defects. Through a plurality of practical verifications, when soft material parts are machined, particularly when machining parameters with larger cutting depth are used, the machined scrap iron can naturally curl along the front cutter surface of the blade without any external intervention, and continuously curl and extend upwards perpendicular to the surface of the machined part. The iron filings can have great probability of continuously rubbing against the unused front cutter surface in the curling growth process, and the surface protective coating of the blade can be damaged or peeled off along with the aggravation of friction force and friction heat; secondly, the scrap iron can have great probability of continuously contacting and colliding with the unused main cutting edge in the process of curling and growing, and as the cutting process is carried out, the contact and the collision can finally lead the main cutting edge to generate tiny gaps, and the continuous expansion is possible, and the adverse effects can lead the unused blade structural part to be damaged without any reason or to be in danger of damage, thereby leading the blade to fail in advance, and the service life to be seriously influenced
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a milling blade with a chip control function, and aims to solve the problems that the existing milling blade cannot control chips and damage the blade.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a milling insert having a chip control function, comprising:
The cutting blade comprises a blade body, a main cutting edge and a transition edge, wherein the blade body is formed by encircling an upper top surface, a lower bottom surface, two end surfaces connected with the upper top surface and the lower bottom surface and two side surfaces, the blade body is approximately cuboid, a central hole is formed in the axisymmetric center of the blade body, the upper top surface and the side surfaces are intersected according to respective curvature extension to form the main cutting edge, the upper top surface and the end surfaces are intersected according to respective curvature extension to form the auxiliary cutting edge and the transition edge, the main cutting edge and the auxiliary cutting edge are smoothly connected by a convex curve to form a main cutting angle, the main cutting edge and the transition edge are smoothly connected by a convex curve to form the auxiliary cutting angle, and the auxiliary cutting edge and the transition edge are smoothly connected by a concave curve to form a clearance groove;
the cutting control system comprises a secondary cutting edge, a main cutting angle and a chip control groove, wherein the chip control groove is trapped on the upper top surface and comprises a front cutter surface, a chip breaker and a main edge belt formed by extending the main cutting edge inwards, one end of the front cutter surface is connected with the main edge belt, the other end of the front cutter surface is connected with the chip breaker, one end of the chip breaker is adjacent to the clearance groove, the other end of the chip breaker is adjacent to the central hole, and the included angle between the length direction of the chip breaker and the direction from the secondary cutting edge to the main cutting angle is smaller than or equal to 90 degrees; the chip breaker can flow and curl the scrap iron according to a preset mode.
Preferably, the main cutting edge comprises a first sub-curve, a second sub-curve, a third sub-curve, a fourth sub-curve and a fifth sub-curve which are sequentially connected end to end, the first sub-curve, the third sub-curve and the fifth sub-curve are straight line segments, the second sub-curve is a convex curve segment, the fourth sub-curve is a concave curve segment, and the inclination angle formed by the third sub-curve and the lower bottom surface is smaller than 90 degrees.
Preferably, the rake face forms an angle a with the lower base surface, wherein 15 ° < a < 25 °.
Preferably, the height T from the main cutting edge to the lower bottom surface is greater than or equal to the height T from the highest point of the chip breaker to the lower bottom surface.
Preferably, the included angle between the length direction of the chip breaker and the direction from the auxiliary cutting edge to the main cutting angle is 75 degrees.
Preferably, the length of the chip breaker is 0.25-0.35 times the length of the blade body.
Preferably, the blade body further comprises a blade body for mounting the blade body, the side surface is provided with a first rear corner face, the end surface is provided with a second rear corner face, the blade body is provided with a blade groove, a first positioning base surface attached to the first rear corner face, a second positioning base surface attached to the second rear corner face and a third positioning base surface attached to the lower bottom face are arranged in the blade groove, and the blade body is eccentrically fixed in the blade groove through a locking bolt.
The scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects: in the invention, the cutting control system is additionally arranged on the milling blade, and in the milling process of large cutting depth, the cutting process is formally started from the contact of the main cutting edge and the metal workpiece, and the scrap iron is continuously generated. In a cutting period, the scrap iron flowing out along the front cutter surface is interfered by the chip breaker, the scrap iron is controlled by the chip breaker to be forcibly lifted up instead of being naturally curled, gaps are formed between the scrap iron and the front cutter surface, the contact area between the scrap iron and the front cutter surface is reduced, and therefore the damage probability of a protective coating on the surface of the blade is reduced;
Meanwhile, the iron filings between the main cutting edge and the chip breaker can form smaller curling curvature and larger curling radius, the iron filings far away from the chip breaker have larger curling curvature and smaller curling radius, the overlapped space positions of curling can be far away from the main cutting edge along with the continuous extension of the iron filings, and under the cooperation of other functional structures in the cutting control system, the iron filings which are curled can be driven to be far away from the main cutting edge as much as possible in the processing of large cutting depth, the damage probability of the main cutting edge is reduced, the contact area between the iron filings and the surface of the blade can be reduced, the damage degree of the surface coating of the blade is reduced, the purposes of controlling the flow direction of the iron filings and curling are achieved, and the service life of the blade is further prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 2 after being cut at M-M;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a right side view of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a cutter body structure;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the assembly of the blade body with the blade body.
[ Reference numerals description ]
1-A blade body; 2-upper top surface; 3-a lower bottom surface; 4-side surfaces; a 5-end surface; 6-a central hole; 7-a minor cutting edge; 8-main cutting edge; 9-a transition edge; 10-main cutting angle; 11-minor cutting angle; 12-an empty-avoiding groove; 13-a cutting control system; 20-a main prismatic tape; 21-rake face; 22-chipbreaker; 28-knife slot; 29-a threaded hole; 30-chip control grooves; 31-a first positioning base; 32-a third positioning base; 33-locking screws; 38-a second locating base; 40, a cutter body; 41-a first relief surface; 51-a second relief surface; 81-first sub-curve; 82-second sub-curve; 83-third sub-curve; 84-fourth sub-curve; 85-fifth sub-curve; o-blade body axial symmetry center; the rotation center of the O' -cutter body; the t-chip breaker is high; the T-main cutting edge is high; h-first sub-curve vertical height; h-the fifth sub-curve vertical height; l-total blade length; w-auxiliary line.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved more apparent, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The present invention is directed to the problem of the prior art by referring to fig. 1-7, and provides a milling insert with chip control, comprising an insert body 1 and an insert body 40, wherein the insert body 1 comprises an insert body 1, which is approximately cuboid, surrounded by an upper top surface 2, a lower bottom surface 3 and end surfaces 5 and side surfaces 4 connected to said upper top surface 2, said lower bottom surface 3, the insert body 1 being provided with a central hole 6 at its axisymmetric centre O. The cutter body 40 includes a cutter pocket 28 for mounting the cutter body 1. The preparation of the blade main body 1 belongs to one-time compression molding of a precision die, and then the blade main body is formed by sintering and shrinking in a vacuum high-temperature sintering furnace, and finally a physical finished product is formed through subsequent treatment.
The upper top surface 2 is mainly a surface that participates in actual cutting. The upper top surface 2 and the side surface 4 extend according to respective curvatures to form main cutting edges 8, 8', the upper top surface 2 and the end surface 5 extend according to respective curvatures to form secondary cutting edges 7, 7' and transition edges 9, 9', the main cutting edges 7, 8' and the secondary cutting edges 7, 7 'are smoothly connected by convex curves to form main cutting angles 10, 10', the main cutting edges 8, 8 'and the transition edges 9, 9' are smoothly connected by convex curves to form secondary cutting angles 11, 11', and the secondary cutting edges 7, 7' and the transition edges 9, 9 'are smoothly connected by concave curves to form clearance grooves 12, 12'.
In fig. 1,2,3 and 4, the plane of the secondary cutting edge 7, 7' is parallel to the lower bottom surface 3, the clearance grooves 12, 12' and the secondary cutting edge 7, 7' are in the same plane, and the transition edge 9, 9' is close to one side of the secondary cutting corner 11, 11' in the direction. In view 2, the minor cutting edges 7, 7 'are at an angle of approximately 90 degrees to the major cutting edges 8, 8'. The secondary cutting edges 7, 7' have a relatively low probability of machining breakage and do not directly participate in the removal of the large margin, but rather a finishing treatment of the machined surface for improving the quality of the machined surface. The main cutting edge 8, 8 'is formed by five spatial sub-curves joined end to end smoothly, in fig. 5 the main cutting edge 8, 8' comprises a first sub-curve 81, a third sub-curve 83 and a fifth sub-curve 85 having distinct straight-line segment characteristics, and the third sub-curve 83 has distinct characteristics of being inclined from the main cutting corner 10, 10 'to the auxiliary cutting corner 11, 11'. The first and fifth sub-curves 81, 85 are substantially parallel to the lower bottom surface 3. A second sub-curve 82 is formed by the first sub-curve 81 and the third sub-curve 83 which are in smooth contact with each other from the beginning to the end through a convex curve section, and a fourth sub-curve 84 is formed by the third sub-curve 83 and the fifth sub-curve 85 which are in smooth contact with each other from the beginning to the end through a concave curve section; the vertical height H of the first sub-curve 81 relative to the lower floor 3 is significantly greater than the vertical height H of the fifth sub-curve 85 relative to the lower floor 3, preferably h=3.5 mm, h=2.5 mm. The main cutting edges 8 and 8' are important participation structures for removing the allowance of metal parts in cutting processing, and directly influence the cutting effect and the service life of the blade, so that the abrasion probability of the main cutting edges 8 and 8' is reduced, the collision risk of the main cutting edges 8 and 8' and external factors is reduced, the life cycle of the blade main body 1 can be improved, and meanwhile, the inclination angle formed by the third sub-curve 83 and the lower bottom surface 3 is smaller than 90 degrees, and the inclination structure is more favorable for discharging scrap iron and can prevent the scrap iron from scratching the processed surface.
The upper top surface 2 is a core layer for controlling the flow direction and curling of the iron filings. Chip control grooves 30, 30 'are arranged on the upper top surface 2 near the secondary cutting edges 7, 7', the main cutting edges 8, 8', and the chip control grooves 30, 30' are approximately concave on the upper top surface 2 and are in smooth contact with the upper top surface 2. The secondary cutting edge 7, 7', the primary cutting edge 8, 8', the primary cutting corner 10, 10' together with the chip-controlling flute 30, 30' form a complete cutting control system 13, 13'. The chip control flutes 30, 30 'are mainly formed by the main lands 20, 20', the rake surfaces 21, 21 'and the chipbreakers 22, 22'. The main edge strips 20, 20 'are formed by extending the main edge strips 8, 8' inwards, that is, the main edge strips 8, 8 'move a certain distance to the central hole 6 along the direction parallel to the lower bottom surface 3, the width values of the main edge strips 20, 20' are constant, the width preferred value is 0.12mm, and the main edge strips 8, 8 'and the main edge strips 20, 20' are simultaneously responsible for enabling the blade main body 1 to smoothly cut into and cut out parts with smaller cutting resistance, thus completing one-time cutting task, inhibiting cutting vibration, reducing cutting vibration marks and improving surface processing quality. In fig. 3, the angle a formed by the rake surfaces 21, 21' and the lower bottom surface 3 is indicated by an auxiliary line W, which is parallel to the lower bottom surface 3, preferably 15 ° < a < 25 °. When the blade body 1 is mounted on the blade body 40, the blade front blade faces 21, 21 'and the lower bottom surface 3 have to be adjusted within the range according to the actual situation, rather than a fixed value, due to the axial and radial mounting angles of the blade body 40, so that positive combined inclination angles of the front blade faces 21, 21' can be ensured when the blade body 40 is matched for cutting, and the cutting can be smoothly performed.
The chipbreaker 22, 22 'is adjacent to the void-avoidance groove 12, 12' at one end and the central aperture 6 at the other end. The chipbreaker 22, 22' has a length of 0.25 to 0.35 times the total length of the insert L, preferably 0.3 times, preferably l=11.75 mm. In fig. 2, the length direction of the chip breaker 22, 22' forms an angle of not more than 90 degrees, preferably 75 degrees, with the direction from the minor cutting edge 7, 7' to the major cutting corner 10, 10', and in fig. 3, the height T of the highest point of the chip breaker 22, 22' to the lower bottom surface 3 is not higher than the height T of the major cutting edge 8, 8' to the lower bottom surface 3, i.e. t.gtoreq.t. The chip breaker 22, 22' is a meandering portion, the meandering portion comprises at least a section of concave curve and a section of convex curve, the concave curve is connected with the convex curve, the concave curve is close to one side of the main edge belt 20, 20', wherein the concave curve of the chip breaker 22, 22' is lower than the upper top surface 2, the convex curve is higher than the upper top surface 2, and the meandering portion plays a role in guiding iron filings to curl. The chip breaker 22, 22' can effectively flow and curl the scrap iron according to a preset mode, reduces the contact area with the top surface 2 on the blade main body 1, and can be away from the main cutting edges 8, 8', so that the structure of an unused cutting control system 13, 13' can be protected, and the purpose of chip control of the blade main body 1 is achieved.
In the assembly mode of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the blade body 1 is placed in the pocket 28 in the cutter body 40, so that the first rear corner surface 41 of the blade body 1 is bonded to the first positioning base surface 31 in the pocket 28, the second rear corner surface 51 is bonded to the second positioning base surface 38 in the pocket 28, and the lower bottom surface 3 is bonded to the third positioning base surface 32 in the pocket 28. The blade body 1 is pressed into the pocket 28 in the blade body 40 by the pressure of the locking screw 33. The locking screw 33 mates with the threaded bore 29 in the pocket 28. In order to achieve stable cutting, the close fit of the insert body 1 with the insert body 40 is important, and thus, there is a positional deviation between the center hole 6 of the insert body 1 and the screw hole 29 of the insert body 40, and the insert body 1 is tightly locked in the insert pocket 28 by the locking screw 33 in an eccentric manner. In general, the cutter body 40 has at least one cutter slot 28, and when the blade body 1 is all mounted on the cutter slot 28, the cutter body 40 is mounted on a machine tool through a tool system, and a main shaft of the machine tool drives the cutter body 40 to rotate around a rotation center O' at a high speed, so that cutting is realized.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A milling insert with chip control function, characterized in that: comprising the following steps:
An insert body (1) surrounded by an upper top surface (2), a lower bottom surface (3), two end surfaces (5) connected with the upper top surface (2), the lower bottom surface (3) and two side surfaces (4), the insert body (1) being approximately cuboid, the insert body (1) being provided with a central hole (6) at its axisymmetric center, the upper top surface (2) intersecting the side surfaces (4) according to respective curvature extensions to form main cutting edges (8, 8 '), the upper top surface (2) intersecting the end surfaces (5) according to respective curvature extensions to form secondary cutting edges (7, 7') and transition edges (9, 9 '), the main cutting edges (8, 8') and the secondary cutting edges (7, 7 ') being smoothly connected by convex curves to form main cutting angles (10, 10'), the main cutting edges (8, 8 ') and the transition edges (9, 9') being smoothly connected by convex curves to form secondary cutting angles (11, 11 '), the secondary cutting edges (7, 7') intersecting the transition edges (9, 9 ') according to respective curvature extensions to form relief curves (12') and smooth relief curves;
A cutting control system (13, 13 ') comprising a secondary cutting edge (7, 7 '), a main cutting edge (8, 8 '), a main cutting angle (10, 10 ') and a chip control groove (30, 30 '), wherein the chip control groove (30, 30 ') is trapped in an upper top surface (2), the chip control groove (30, 30 ') comprises a front cutting edge (21, 21 '), a chip breaker (22, 22 ') and a main edge strip (20, 20 ') formed by extending inwards from the main cutting edge (8, 8 '), one end of the front cutting edge (21, 21 ') is connected with the main edge strip (20, 20 '), the other end is connected with the chip breaker (22, 22 '), one end of the chip breaker (22, 22 ') is adjacent to the clearance groove (12, 12 '), the other end is adjacent to the central hole (6), and an included angle between the length direction of the chip breaker (22, 22 ') and the direction from the secondary cutting edge (7, 7 ') to the main cutting angle (10, 10 ') is smaller than or equal to 90 °; the chip breaker (22, 22') is capable of flowing and curling the scrap iron in a preset manner;
The main cutting edges (8, 8') comprise a first sub-curve (81), a second sub-curve (82), a third sub-curve (83), a fourth sub-curve (84) and a fifth sub-curve (85) which are connected end to end in sequence, the first sub-curve (81), the third sub-curve (83) and the fifth sub-curve (85) are straight line segments, the second sub-curve (82) is a convex curve segment, the fourth sub-curve (84) is a concave curve segment, and the inclination angle formed by the third sub-curve (83) and the lower bottom surface (3) is smaller than 90 degrees;
the rake surfaces (21, 21') form an angle a with the lower base surface (3), wherein 15 DEG < a < 25 deg.
2. Milling insert with chip-control function according to claim 1, characterized in that: the height T from the main cutting edge (8, 8 ') to the lower bottom surface (3) is greater than or equal to the height T from the highest point of the chip breaker (22, 22') to the lower bottom surface (3).
3. Milling insert with chip-control function according to claim 2, characterized in that: the angle between the length direction of the chip breaker (22, 22 ') and the direction from the auxiliary cutting edge to the main cutting angle (10, 10') is 75 degrees.
4. Milling insert with chip-control function according to claim 1, characterized in that: the length of the chip breaker (22, 22') is 0.25-0.35 times the length of the blade body (1).
5. Milling insert with chip-control function according to claim 1, characterized in that: the blade body (1) is further provided with a blade body (40) for installing the blade body (1), the side surface (4) is provided with a first rear corner face (41), the end surface (5) is provided with a second rear corner face (51), the blade body (40) is provided with a blade groove (28), a first positioning base surface (31) which is jointed with the first rear corner face (41) is arranged in the blade groove (28), a second positioning base surface (38) which is jointed with the second rear corner face (51) and a third positioning base surface (32) which is jointed with the lower bottom surface (3), and the blade body (1) is eccentrically fixed in the blade groove (28) through a locking bolt.
CN202110556171.2A 2021-05-21 2021-05-21 Milling insert with chip control function Active CN113172267B (en)

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Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117066544B (en) * 2023-10-11 2023-12-29 赣州澳克泰工具技术有限公司 A cutting insert and cutting tool
CN117415348B (en) * 2023-12-14 2024-03-15 赣州澳克泰工具技术有限公司 Bevel cutting insert and cutting tool with enhanced chip breaking capability
CN119387665A (en) * 2024-12-10 2025-02-07 株洲华锐精密工具股份有限公司 A milling insert with a double-layer finishing structure

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KR100698383B1 (en) * 2005-03-23 2007-03-23 한국야금 주식회사 Milling cutting tool with double-sided cutting insert
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CN110315118A (en) * 2019-07-19 2019-10-11 株洲华锐精密工具股份有限公司 Indexable milling insert is used in side wall processing

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