CN113031097A - Hydraulic geothermal mining and irrigating simulation device and method - Google Patents
Hydraulic geothermal mining and irrigating simulation device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113031097A CN113031097A CN202110222823.9A CN202110222823A CN113031097A CN 113031097 A CN113031097 A CN 113031097A CN 202110222823 A CN202110222823 A CN 202110222823A CN 113031097 A CN113031097 A CN 113031097A
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Abstract
本发明提供的一种水压式地热采灌模拟装置及方法，包括采灌模拟室，所述采灌模拟室的进水口连接有回灌注水系统；所述采灌模拟室的出水口连接有开采抽水系统；所述采灌模拟室放置有模拟地层模型；所述回灌注水系统包括清水注水罐和着色液注水罐，所述开采抽水系统包括第二缓冲室；本发明能够方便、快捷地观测不同地质条件、工程参数条件下的地热流体路径，在地热采灌井实施阶段的勘探开发领域具有较好的推广意义。
The invention provides a hydraulic geothermal mining and irrigation simulation device and method, comprising a collection and irrigation simulation chamber, the water inlet of the collection and irrigation simulation chamber is connected with a refilling water system; the water outlet of the collection and irrigation simulation chamber is connected with a A mining and pumping system; a simulated stratum model is placed in the mining and irrigation simulation room; the refilling water system includes a clear water injection tank and a coloring liquid injection tank, and the extraction and pumping system includes a second buffer chamber; the invention can conveniently and quickly Observing the path of geothermal fluid under different geological conditions and engineering parameters has good promotion significance in the field of exploration and development in the implementation stage of geothermal production and irrigation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geothermal exploration and development, in particular to a hydraulic geothermal mining and irrigating simulation device and method.
Background
The geothermal resource is a clean renewable energy source with large reserve, high efficiency and good stability, and has great significance for energy conservation, emission reduction, global warming and haze treatment. However, with the continuous development of geothermal resources, the groundwater level in local areas tends to drop significantly, which seriously affects the supply guarantee of local water resources and restricts the further exploitation of hydrothermal resources. In order to promote the recycling of geothermal resources, part of provinces and cities have already carried out geothermal tail water recharging work and have already played a positive and remarkable effect on the aspect of restoring the underground water level.
However, due to the complex underground sediment structure environment, the migration path of the fluid in the underground is difficult to directly observe and predict, and the rationality and the accuracy of the early design of the geothermal exploitation and irrigation well are severely limited. At present, several means such as geothermal fluid tracing, numerical simulation and the like mainly exist for predicting the migration of geothermal fluid. The geothermal fluid tracing means is mainly to inject a certain amount of tracer agent into the geothermal wells, and to sample and detect the surrounding geothermal wells in a certain period, so as to achieve the purpose of fluid prediction. However, the fluid tracing means needs to be established on the basis of the drilled geothermal well, and only belongs to the later evaluation in the strict sense; meanwhile, the fluid tracing period usually reaches several months or even years, and data support cannot be timely and effectively provided for the next production and irrigation well design. The underground fluid migration path can be predicted by using a numerical simulation means, but the numerical simulation parameter setting is greatly influenced by human factors, and the actual fluid migration characteristics are different from the mechanical theory, so that the difference between the prediction result and the actual situation is large. Some researchers also propose to perform experimental simulation by using a solid mechanical pressurization method, but the effect of the solid pressure is not consistent with that of the fluid pressure, and the pressurization method is still lack of reliability.
Due to the complex subsurface geological conditions, no suitable laboratory devices have been developed to effectively simulate the actual geological background, groundwater distribution, and geothermal characteristics, let alone the rational prediction of geothermal fluid migration paths. Although a few scholars have proposed preliminary assumptions of experimental simulation devices, systems that simulate actual water pressure and water level using natural water pressure have not been proposed, nor have specific device combinations described in detail. Therefore, there is a need for a hydraulic geothermal pumping and irrigating experiment simulation device to solve the key problem of early design of geothermal pumping and irrigating wells.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydraulic geothermal mining and irrigating simulation device and method, which solve the defects in the prior art and make up for the lack of the conventional geothermal mining and irrigating experiment simulation device.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention provides a hydraulic geothermal mining and irrigating simulation device which comprises a mining and irrigating simulation chamber, wherein a water inlet of the mining and irrigating simulation chamber is connected with a recharging and water injecting system; the water outlet of the mining and irrigating simulation chamber is connected with a mining pumping system;
a simulated stratum model is placed in the mining and irrigating simulation chamber;
the simulated stratum model comprises transparent quartz beads used for simulating a stratum; a reservoir baffle is arranged on the upper surface of the transparent quartz beads; a water level baffle is arranged above the reservoir baffle;
the recharging water injection system comprises a clean water injection tank and a coloring liquid injection tank, and water outlets of the clean water injection tank and the coloring liquid injection tank are connected to a water inlet of the first volumetric flowmeter; the water outlet of the first volumetric flowmeter is connected with the sampling and irrigation simulation chamber;
the water outlets of the clean water injection tank and the coloring liquid injection tank are respectively provided with a first valve and a second valve;
the mining pumping system comprises a second buffer chamber, and a water inlet of the second buffer chamber is connected to a water outlet of a second volume flow meter; and the water inlet of the second volume flowmeter is connected with the sampling and filling simulation chamber.
Preferably, the recharging water injection system comprises a water injection pump and a water injection steel pipe, wherein water outlets of the clean water injection tank and the coloring liquid injection tank are connected to the three-way guide pipe; the free interface of the three-way conduit is connected with a water injection pump; the water injection pump is connected with a water injection steel pipe through a first volume flow meter, and a water outlet of the water injection steel pipe extends into the bottom of the inner cavity of the mining and irrigating simulation chamber.
Preferably, the water injection steel pipe is fixed on the production and irrigation simulation chamber through a first fixing bolt.
Preferably, a first temperature detector is arranged on the clean water injection tank; and a second thermometer is arranged on the coloring liquid water injection tank.
Preferably, the mining pumping system comprises a pumping steel pipe and a pumping pump, and a water inlet of the pumping steel pipe extends into the bottom of the inner cavity of the mining and irrigation simulation chamber; the water outlet of the water pumping steel pipe is connected with the water inlet of the water pump through a second volume flow meter; and the water outlet of the water suction pump is connected with the second buffer chamber.
Preferably, the pumping steel pipe is fixed on the production and irrigation simulation chamber through a second fixing bolt.
Preferably, the water level baffle and the simulation chamber of adopting and irritating, and the reservoir baffle and adopt and irritate the junction between the simulation chamber all be provided with sealing fastener.
Preferably, a graduated scale is arranged on the side wall of the irrigation and production simulation chamber.
Preferably, a shooting and recording device is arranged on the outer side of the irrigation and production simulation chamber.
A hydraulic geothermal mining and irrigating simulation method is based on the hydraulic geothermal mining and irrigating simulation device and comprises the following steps:
step 2, opening the first valve and the fourth valve, starting a recharge water injection system and a mining water pumping system, and observing whether an abnormal phenomenon occurs in a mining and irrigating simulation room;
and 4, closing the first valve, the second valve and the fourth valve after the experiment is finished.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a hydraulic geothermal mining and irrigating experiment simulation device.A simulated stratum model is built in a mining and irrigating simulation room, and a recharging and water injecting system and a mining and pumping system are arranged for simulating a recharging well, a mining well and an underground water level under actual conditions; meanwhile, by arranging a coloring liquid injection tank and injecting coloring liquid, the migration condition of the coloring liquid in the mining and irrigating simulation chamber is observed; so as to achieve the purpose of simulating a geothermal fluid path under the condition of natural water pressure; the invention overcomes the defect that the migration path of the peripheral fluid of the mining and irrigating well in a water pressure state cannot be simulated under the laboratory condition at present, can observe the migration path of the geothermal tail water in the stratum on the basis of establishing a laboratory geothermal mining and irrigating model, and provides data support and guiding conclusion for further mining and irrigating well design; meanwhile, the invention also utilizes natural water pressure to simulate actual water level or water pressure, gradually approaches the geothermal mining and irrigating process under the actual geological background, researches the influence of different variables on fluid paths, and improves the reliability and accuracy of experimental simulation results. The geothermal fluid path observation device utilizes a relatively simple device to conveniently and quickly observe the geothermal fluid paths under different geological conditions and engineering parameter conditions, and has good popularization significance in the field of exploration and development of the geothermal mining and filling well implementation stage.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a simulation apparatus according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention mainly builds a model in an equal proportion in a mining and irrigating simulation chamber on the basis of obtaining actually measured geothermal parameters of a research area, and is provided with a water injection steel pipe, a water pumping steel pipe and a water level baffle to simulate a recharging well, a mining well and an underground water level under actual conditions. Secondly, the simulation device is assembled and test run under the condition that the appearance of each part is ensured to be intact. And injecting coloring liquid, observing the migration condition of the coloring liquid in the mining and irrigating simulation chamber, and recording by using a recording device so as to achieve the purpose of simulating the geothermal fluid path under the natural water pressure condition. And finally, closing the water injection system and the water pumping system, completely pumping residual liquid, and cleaning pipelines and equipment for next use.
The invention provides a hydraulic geothermal mining and irrigating simulation device, which comprises a mining and irrigating simulation chamber 18, wherein a water inlet of the mining and irrigating simulation chamber 18 is connected with a recharging and water injecting system; the water outlet of the mining and irrigating simulation chamber 18 is connected with a mining pumping system;
a simulated stratum model is placed in the mining and irrigating simulation chamber 18;
the recharging water injection system comprises a clean water injection tank 1 and a coloring liquid injection tank 4, and water outlets of the clean water injection tank 1 and the coloring liquid injection tank 4 are connected to a water inlet of a first volumetric flowmeter 14; the water outlet of the first volumetric flowmeter 14 is connected with a production and irrigation simulation chamber 18;
the water outlets of the clean water injection tank 1 and the coloring liquid injection tank 4 are respectively provided with a first valve 3 and a second valve 6;
the mining pumping system comprises a second buffer chamber, and a water inlet of the second buffer chamber 33 is connected to a water outlet of the second volume flow meter 31; the water inlet of the second volume flow meter 31 is connected to the production and irrigation simulation chamber 18.
Examples
The hydraulic geothermal mining and irrigating experiment simulation device comprises a clean water injection tank 1, a first temperature detector 2, a first valve 3, a coloring liquid injection tank 4, a second temperature detector 5, a second valve 6, a three-way guide pipe 7, a first buffer chamber 8, a first guide pipe 9, a third valve 10, a second guide pipe 11, a water injection pump 12, a third guide pipe 13, a first volumetric flowmeter 14, a fourth guide pipe 15, a first fixed valve 16, a water injection steel pipe 17, a mining and irrigating simulation chamber 18, transparent quartz beads 19, a reservoir baffle 20, a water level baffle 21, a first fixed bolt 22, a sealing fastener 23, a graduated scale 24, a second fixed bolt 25, a pumping steel pipe 26, a second fixed valve 27, a fifth guide pipe 28, a second volumetric flowmeter 29, a sixth guide pipe 30, a pumping pump 31, a second buffer chamber 33, a third temperature detector 34, a seventh guide pipe 35, a fourth valve 36, a water detector 2, a first valve 3, a coloring liquid injection tank 4, a second temperature detector 5, a second valve 6, a three-way, The device comprises a water drainage pipe 37, a beaker 38 and a shooting device 39, wherein the water injection tank 1 and the coloring liquid injection tank 4 are respectively communicated with a three-way guide pipe 7 through a first valve 3 and a second valve 6; the other interface of the three-way conduit 7 is communicated with a water inlet of the production and irrigation simulation chamber 18 through a first buffer chamber 8, a first conduit 9, a third valve 10, a second conduit 11, a water injection pump 12, a third conduit 13, a first volumetric flowmeter 14, a fourth conduit 15 and a water injection steel pipe 17 in sequence.
The water outlet of the collection and irrigation simulation chamber 18 is communicated with the water inlet of the beaker 38 through a water pumping steel pipe 26, a fifth conduit 28, a second volume flow meter 29, a sixth conduit 30, a water pumping pump 31, a second buffer chamber 33, a seventh conduit 35, a fourth valve 36 and a water drainage pipe 37 in sequence.
The water injection tank 1 is provided with a first temperature detector 2.
And a second temperature detector 5 is arranged on the coloring liquid water injection tank 4.
A first fixed valve 16 is arranged between the fourth conduit 15 and the water injection steel pipe 17.
The water injection steel pipe 17 is fixed on the production and irrigation simulation chamber 18 through a first fixing bolt 22.
The second buffer chamber 33 is provided with a third thermometer 34.
The outlet of the drain pipe 37 is placed at the bottom of the beaker 38.
The pumping steel pipe 26 is fixed on the production and irrigation simulation chamber 18 through a second fixing bolt 25.
A recording device 39 is arranged on the outer side of the production and irrigation simulation chamber 18, and the recording device 39 and the production and irrigation simulation chamber 18 are coaxially arranged.
A water level baffle 21 is further arranged in the inner cavity of the sampling and irrigation simulation chamber 18, and the water level baffle 21 is arranged above the reservoir baffle 20 and is arranged according to the water level.
And sealing fasteners 23 are arranged at the joints of the reservoir baffle 20 and the water level baffle 21 and the production and irrigation simulation chamber 18.
And a graduated scale 24 is arranged on the side wall of one side of the sampling and irrigating simulation chamber 18.
The total capacity of the clear water injection tank 1 and the coloring liquid injection tank 4 is respectively more than 50L, and sufficient clear water and coloring liquid are ensured to be used. The clear water injection tank 1 and the coloring liquid injection tank 4 have good heat preservation performance.
The measuring ranges of the three thermometers are all 0-100 ℃, and the measuring precision is 0.1 ℃.
The two buffer chambers have good heat insulation performance.
The water injection pump 12 and the water suction pump 31 can provide water injection/water suction power of 0-1MPa, the water injection/water suction power is adjustable, and the adjusting precision is 0.01 MPa.
The flow test range of the two volume flowmeters is 0-1000ml/min, and the pressure resistance is 1.0 MPa.
The water injection steel pipe 17 and the water pumping steel pipe 26 are set to have different diameters of 1mm, 2mm, 5mm, 10mm and the like according to simulation requirements, and a filter screen is arranged at the bottom of the steel pipe, so that the transparent quartz beads 19 are prevented from being sucked into the pipe backwards in the water injection/water pumping process.
The transparent quartz beads 19 are excellent in transparency and can be clearly observed in the simulation chamber 19. The transparent quartz beads 19 are set to have different diameter sizes of 1mm, 2mm, 5mm, 10mm, 20mm and the like according to simulation requirements, and the compressive strength is 1.0 MPa.
The mining and irrigating simulation chamber 18 has good transparency and heat preservation performance, does not crack and deform obviously within the temperature range of 0-100 ℃, the appearance diameter of the mining and irrigating simulation chamber 18 is preferably 1000mm (length) x 400mm (width) x 1000mm (height), and the maximum pressure bearing is more than 1 MPa.
The drain pipe 37 extends into the bottom of the beaker 38 to prevent waste liquid from splashing out.
The reservoir baffle 20 should be set as the filter screen board, the filtration pore of filter screen board should be in order to block that quartz bead 19 passes through and can guarantee rivers and colouring liquid normal through suitable, and the biggest pressure-bearing should be above 1 MPa.
The water level baffle 21 can completely block water flow, and the maximum pressure bearing can be more than 1 MPa.
The sealing fastener 23 should ensure that the reservoir baffle 20 and the water level baffle 21 do not displace significantly.
The camera device 39 has the functions of automatically acquiring, storing data and timing, and the front surface of the camera device is placed in front of the sampling and filling simulation chamber 18 and used for accurately observing the migration process of the coloring liquid in the sampling and filling simulation chamber 18; the timing precision is 0.01s, and the timing range is 0-24 h.
All valves, conduits and fixed valves in the device have good sealing performance.
The hydraulic geothermal mining and irrigating experiment simulation device provided by the invention has the operation steps as follows:
Before the geothermal mining and irrigating simulation experiment is carried out, local geological parameters and hydrological parameters need to be obtained. Before the system is operated, geological data such as stratum lithology, stratum buried depth d and thickness t, rock porosity phi and permeability k, groundwater level height h, fracture spread and the like in a research area need to be collected; meanwhile, local main geothermal drilling positions, drilling depths dw, borehole diameters phi w, recharge flow rates Qwo, water outlet flow rates Qwi, temperatures tw, pressures Pw and other geothermal exploration parameters are also collected, and related components in the hydraulic geothermal exploitation and irrigation experiment simulation system are built according to the parameters.
Step 2, building a simulated stratum model in the mining and irrigating simulation room 18 according to the measured parameters
The scale of the experimental simulation was determined based on the vertical and horizontal extent of the study area. In general, the scale bar should be 1:1000 to 1:5000 as appropriate. According to the determined scale, the transparent quartz beads 19 are utilized to lay the simulated stratum in the mining and irrigating simulation chamber 18 in combination with the actual stratum spreading condition. The different simulated formations may be replaced with different sizes of transparent quartz beads 19: the stratum with larger granularity and better pore permeation condition can be distributed by large-size transparent quartz beads 19, and the stratum with smaller granularity and poorer pore permeation condition can be distributed by small-size quartz beads 19. After the simulated formation (the transparent quartz beads 19) is arranged, the reservoir baffle 20 is slowly placed on the upper part of the simulated formation and the sealing fastener 23 is buckled, so that the transparent quartz beads 19 are ensured not to obviously slide in the sampling and filling simulation chamber 18.
And 3, setting a water injection steel pipe 17, a water pumping steel pipe 26 and a water level baffle 21, and simulating an actual recharge well, a production well and an underground water level.
According to the actual underground water level or water pressure, clean water with the same depth is filled into the mining and irrigating simulation chamber 18 in the same proportion by combining the graduated scale 24, and the actual pressure of the natural geothermal reservoir is simulated by utilizing the natural water pressure of the clean water. After the clear water is filled and the water surface is stable, the water level baffle 21 is slowly placed on the water surface and the sealing fastener 23 is fastened, so that the water level is not obviously changed in the experimental stage. According to the actual drilling depth, selecting a water injection steel pipe 17 and a water pumping steel pipe 26 with proper lengths, inserting the bottoms of the water injection steel pipe and the water pumping steel pipe to the corresponding depth in the production and irrigation simulation chamber 18, and fixing the water injection steel pipe and the water pumping steel pipe on the water level baffle plate 21 by using a first fixing bolt 22 and a second fixing bolt 25 to prevent the water level baffle plate from obviously inclining.
And 4, detecting whether the appearances of all the parts are intact or not, and assembling a simulation system.
And assembling other instruments and equipment outside the simulation chamber according to the device schematic diagram. The clear water injection tank 1 is filled with sufficient clear water, and the coloring liquid injection tank 4 is filled with sufficient coloring liquid. In order to simulate the actual process of the mining and filling, the clean water and the coloring liquid are adjusted to the actual recharging temperature by the first temperature detector 2 and the second temperature detector 5. The fluid in the filling pump 12 and the first volume flow meter 14 should be in the same direction and the fluid in the suction pump 31 and the second volume flow meter 29 should be in the same direction. The fourth conduit 15, the water injection steel pipe 17, the fifth conduit 28 and the water pumping steel pipe 26 are fixedly connected and sealed by a first fixed valve 16 and a second fixed valve 27, respectively. Before starting the simulation device, all valves in the simulation device should be closed, the filling pump 12 and the suction pump 31 should be closed, and the first volume flow meter 14 and the second volume flow meter 29 should be closed. A camera 39 is placed in parallel with the front of the production and irrigation simulation chamber 18 to record the fluid migration in the whole production and irrigation simulation chamber 18.
And 5, starting the water injection pump 12 and the water suction pump 31, and performing test operation on the simulation system.
The first valve 3, the third valve 10 and the fourth valve 36 are opened, the heated clean water is measured by the first temperature measurer 2 and reaches the expected temperature, then the heated clean water is injected into a subsequent instrument, the water injection pump 12 and the water suction pump 31 are started, the power in the pumps is adjusted to a low value, whether the injected clean water flows smoothly in the simulated formation (transparent quartz beads) 19 is observed, and whether the obvious leakage phenomenon appears at the joints of the mining and irrigating simulation room 18, the first fixed valve 16, the second fixed valve 27 and the simulation device. After the simulation device runs stably, the power of the water injection pump 12 and the water suction pump 31 is gradually adjusted and increased until the flow rates in the first volume flowmeter 14 and the second volume flowmeter 29 are in proportion with the actual water injection/water suction flow rate, and whether an abnormal phenomenon occurs in the simulation device is observed at any time.
And 6, injecting coloring liquid, observing the migration condition of the coloring liquid in the production and irrigation simulation chamber 18, and recording by using a recording system 39.
After the water level in the sampling and filling simulation chamber 18 is basically consistent with the actual water level in proportion, the first valve 3 is closed, and the shooting and recording device 39 is started. After the residual clear water in the instruments 7-17 is basically drained, the second valve 6 is opened, the running power in the water injection pump 14 and the water suction pump 31 is kept, the migration condition of the coloring liquid in the mining and irrigating simulation chamber 18 is observed, and the actual migration path of the geothermal tail water in the mining and irrigating process is simulated.
And 7, performing post-experiment treatment, closing the water injection system and the water pumping system, completely pumping residual liquid, and cleaning pipelines and equipment.
After the simulation is finished, the coloring liquid water injection tank 4 stops injecting liquid, and the second valve 6 and the water injection pump 12 are closed in sequence. After the instruments 7-28 and the liquid in the sampling and irrigation simulation chamber 18 are basically exhausted, the water suction pump 31 is stopped, and the third valve 10 and the fourth valve 36 are closed. Pouring the residual liquid in the beaker 38 into a special container for subsequent treatment, disassembling each instrument of the simulation device, and cleaning each part by using clear water or detergent. Collect and condition the instruments such as the transparent quartz beads 19 for the next use.
The invention overcomes the defect that the migration path of the peripheral fluid of the mining and irrigating well in a water pressure state cannot be simulated under the laboratory condition at present, can observe the migration path of the geothermal tail water in the stratum on the basis of establishing a laboratory geothermal mining and irrigating model, and provides data support and guiding conclusion for further design of the mining and irrigating well. Meanwhile, the invention can also utilize natural water pressure to simulate actual water level or water pressure by adjusting rock stratum combination, hole seepage conditions and other modes, gradually approaches the geothermal mining and irrigating process under the actual geological background, researches the influence of different variables on fluid paths, and improves the reliability and accuracy of experimental simulation results. The geothermal fluid path observation device utilizes a relatively simple device to conveniently and quickly observe the geothermal fluid paths under different geological conditions and engineering parameter conditions, and has good popularization significance in the field of exploration and development of the geothermal mining and filling well implementation stage.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, so that the substitution of equivalent elements or the equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the present invention should be covered thereby.
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| CN115478846A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2022-12-16 | 中国能源建设集团湖南省电力设计院有限公司 | A geothermal system mining simulation device |
| CN115791874A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2023-03-14 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Geothermal heat conduction simulation device and experimental method |
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