CN112886195B - Antenna structure suitable for 5G internet of things equipment and internet of things equipment - Google Patents
Antenna structure suitable for 5G internet of things equipment and internet of things equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN112886195B CN112886195B CN202110035042.9A CN202110035042A CN112886195B CN 112886195 B CN112886195 B CN 112886195B CN 202110035042 A CN202110035042 A CN 202110035042A CN 112886195 B CN112886195 B CN 112886195B
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- LAXBNTIAOJWAOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorobiphenyl Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 LAXBNTIAOJWAOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101710149812 Pyruvate carboxylase 1 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010267 cellular communication Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- PEZNEXFPRSOYPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (bis(trifluoroacetoxy)iodo)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)OI(OC(=O)C(F)(F)F)C1=CC=CC=C1 PEZNEXFPRSOYPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses an antenna structure suitable for 5G Internet of things equipment and the Internet of things equipment, wherein the antenna structure comprises a PCB (printed circuit board), an antenna radiator, a grounding connecting piece and a feed connecting piece, wherein the antenna radiator is provided with a grounding point and a feed point; the antenna radiator is arranged above the PCB, the grounding point is connected with the PCB through the grounding connecting piece, and the feed point is electrically connected with the PCB through the feed connecting piece; the antenna radiator comprises a first radiation branch and a second radiation branch which are connected, the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch are respectively positioned at two sides of the grounding point and the feeding point, and the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch are asymmetrically arranged; the lengths and widths of the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch are different. The invention can obtain better bandwidth coverage and antenna performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to an antenna structure suitable for 5G internet of things equipment and the internet of things equipment.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of the internet of things, the communication technology of the internet of things is also greatly improved. NB-IoT (Narrow Band Internet of Things ) is a prominent one of the latest internet of things technologies, which is a new narrowband cellular communication LPWAN (Low-Power Wide-Area Network) technology proposed by the 3GPP standard organization in the 9 th month of 2015. Compared with GSM, CDMA, WCDMA, LTE and other traditional 2G,3G and 4G cellular communication technologies, the NB-IoT system can realize massive access, ultra-low power consumption and cost, and meanwhile, the NB-IoT system can realize deep coverage, high penetrability and co-site with the existing mobile communication system, overhead load is reduced, obvious advantages are achieved in fifth-generation mobile communication, and wide area internet of things communication requirements can be met. Nowadays, NB-IoT has wide application in intelligent meter reading, animal husbandry management, well lid monitoring, intelligent home and intelligent tracking and positioning, and related research on NB-IoT is necessarily a research hotspot in the field of communication.
In the application of 5G communication, a new and important application scenario is large-scale internet of things device interconnection, so that the actual application scenario of NB-IoT is more and more wide. Meanwhile, requirements for energy conservation, environmental protection and sustainable development are put forward in a 5G communication system. The antenna is used as an important part of the receiving and transmitting system of the Internet of things equipment, and the performance of the antenna has very important influence on the communication performance of the whole system, so that the design of a proper ultra-wideband antenna is also a requirement of the Internet of things system, and the antenna has great help to the improvement of the frequency spectrum utilization rate of the Internet of things system. In addition, for the small-sized internet of things equipment, the structural size of the small-sized internet of things equipment fundamentally increases the difficulty of antenna design from the aspects of frequency band, bandwidth and antenna radiation performance. Therefore, the ultra-wideband antenna suitable for the terminal of the Internet of things is designed, and the ultra-wideband antenna has important practical significance for improving the stability and communication quality of the system of the Internet of things.
Generally, in conventional antenna designs, in order to increase the bandwidth coverage of the antenna, some rf devices (such as an adjustable capacitor chip or an rf switch chip) and their corresponding peripheral matching circuits are used in the antenna system. The introduction of components and parts can increase the cost of an antenna system, the cost of production raw materials and the cost of process procedures, and the corresponding space is reserved in a PCB circuit board to place additional radio frequency chips and peripheral circuits, so that the difficulty of circuit design of the whole product is increased, and the design of the PCB with a compact structure originally becomes more troublesome.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the antenna structure suitable for the 5G Internet of things equipment and the Internet of things equipment are provided, and a wider bandwidth coverage range can be realized.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the antenna structure suitable for the 5G Internet of things equipment comprises a PCB (printed circuit board), an antenna radiator, a grounding connecting piece and a feed connecting piece, wherein the antenna radiator is provided with a grounding point and a feed point; the antenna radiator is arranged above the PCB, the grounding point is connected with the PCB through the grounding connecting piece, and the feed point is electrically connected with the PCB through the feed connecting piece; the antenna radiator comprises a first radiation branch and a second radiation branch which are connected, the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch are respectively positioned at two sides of the grounding point and the feeding point, and the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch are asymmetrically arranged; the lengths and widths of the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch are different.
The invention also provides the Internet of things equipment, which comprises the antenna structure suitable for the 5G Internet of things equipment.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the antenna radiator comprises two radiation branches with asymmetric structures which are connected, and each radiation branch can directly generate resonance, so that two resonances with different center frequencies can be generated when feeding excitation is performed, double-frequency coverage is realized, and the purpose of widening the bandwidth of working frequency is achieved; the radiation branches can be changed randomly along with the actual utilization space, so that the space utilization is maximized; meanwhile, the device has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and the like. The invention only uses the antenna itself as the only radiation device, and can obtain better bandwidth coverage and good antenna performance without the assistance of an additional radio frequency chip.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure suitable for a 5G internet of things device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic top view of an antenna radiator according to a first embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of simulation results of return loss of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing a current distribution of an antenna operating at 820MHz when feeding excitation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing a current distribution of an antenna operating at 930MHz when feeding excitation is performed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of total radiation efficiency of an antenna according to a first embodiment of the invention.
Description of the reference numerals:
100. a housing; 1. a PCB board; 2. an antenna radiator; 3. a ground connection; 4. a feed connection; 5. a grounding point; 6. a feeding point; 7. a metal component;
21. a first radiating branch; 22. a second radiating branch;
201. a first branch; 202. a second branch; 203. a first slit; 204. a second slit; 205. and a third slit.
Detailed Description
In order to describe the technical contents, the achieved objects and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description will be made with reference to the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, an antenna structure suitable for a 5G internet of things device is characterized by comprising a PCB board, an antenna radiator, a grounding connection piece and a feeding connection piece, wherein the antenna radiator is provided with a grounding point and a feeding point; the antenna radiator is arranged above the PCB, the grounding point is connected with the PCB through the grounding connecting piece, and the feed point is electrically connected with the PCB through the feed connecting piece; the antenna radiator comprises a first radiation branch and a second radiation branch which are connected, the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch are respectively positioned at two sides of the grounding point and the feeding point, and the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch are asymmetrically arranged; the lengths and widths of the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch are different.
From the above description, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: better bandwidth coverage and good antenna performance can be obtained without the aid of an additional radio frequency chip.
Further, the antenna radiator is parallel to the PCB.
Further, the circuit further comprises a matching circuit, and the matching circuit is connected with the feed point.
Further, a grounding layer is arranged on the PCB, and the grounding point is connected with the grounding layer on the PCB through the grounding connecting piece.
Further, a metal component is arranged on the PCB, and the projection of the antenna radiator on the PCB is not overlapped with the metal component.
As can be seen from the above description, since electromagnetic waves cannot penetrate through metal, the antenna performance can be prevented from being disturbed by larger metal components by avoiding them.
Further, the grounding connecting piece is a metal spring piece.
Further, the height of the antenna radiator from the PCB is 4.5mm.
The invention also provides the Internet of things equipment, which comprises the antenna structure suitable for the 5G Internet of things equipment.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-6, a first embodiment of the present invention is as follows: the utility model provides an antenna structure, is applicable to 5G small-size thing networking equipment, as shown in fig. 1, antenna structure sets up in equipment shell 100, antenna structure includes PCB board 1, antenna radiator 2, ground connection spare 3 and feed connecting piece 4, antenna radiator 2 set up in the top of PCB board 1, and with PCB board 1 is parallel. The antenna radiator 2 is provided with a grounding point 5 and a feed point 6; the grounding point 5 is connected with the PCB 1 through the grounding connector 3, and further connected with a grounding layer (not shown in the figure) on the PCB 1; the feeding point 6 is electrically connected with the PCB board 1 through the feeding connector 4.
Preferably, the grounding connection piece is a metal spring piece. The feed connection may be an antenna thimble or a feed line. Further, a matching circuit (not shown) is also included, and the matching circuit is connected to the feeding point.
The antenna radiator 2 comprises a first radiating branch 21 and a second radiating branch 22 which are connected, the first radiating branch 21 and the second radiating branch 22 are respectively positioned at two sides of the grounding point 5 and the feeding point 6, and the first radiating branch 21 and the second radiating branch 22 are asymmetrically arranged. The first radiating branch 21 and the second radiating branch 22 are different in length and width.
That is, in order to achieve a good antenna communication function within a limited space, the present embodiment employs an asymmetric form of PIFA antenna design. Two radiation branches with different lengths and widths are arranged on two sides taking a feed point and a grounding point as central axes, and each radiation branch directly generates resonance, so that two resonances with different central frequencies can be generated when feed excitation is performed, and double-frequency coverage is realized. The asymmetric form has the advantage that the short circuit branch (the grounding connection piece) and the feed branch (the feed connection piece) can be randomly placed at any position of the PCB, and the radiation branch can be randomly changed along with the actual utilization space, so that the space utilization is maximized. Because the two radiation branches are far apart and have good isolation, the two radiation branches can not be directly mutually influenced and interfered in the debugging process. By adjusting the length, width and form of each radiation branch, the performance requirements of covering different frequency bands can be met quickly.
In addition, in the design of the PCB, larger components such as a shielding case and the like have great influence on the performance of the antenna, and the embodiment can meet performance indexes more flexibly through independent debugging of radiation branches and can also furthest utilize the space for covering different frequency bands. The length, width and shape of the antenna radiator are related to the working frequency and impedance of the antenna, and when the length or width is changed, resonance generated by the antenna is also shifted. And changes with the position change of large-scale metal parts such as a shielding case and the like of components in the PCB board so as to obtain good antenna performance.
In this embodiment, the projection of the antenna radiator 2 on the PCB board 1 is not overlapped with the metal component 7 on the PCB board 1. Since electromagnetic waves cannot penetrate metal, the antenna performance can be prevented from being disturbed by larger metal components by avoiding them.
As can be seen from the above description, the antenna structure of the present embodiment can achieve a wider bandwidth coverage by generating dual resonances within a certain frequency band. This embodiment is not only applicable to low frequencies, but since low frequencies tend to be more difficult to achieve in a wider frequency band in the case of a small fuselage, the simulation 790-960MHz will be described below as an example.
As shown in fig. 2, the first radiating branch 21 includes a first branch 201 and a second branch 202, where the first branch 201 is long-strip-shaped, and the second branch 202 is inverted U-shaped; one end of the first branch 201 is connected to the feeding point 6 and the ground point 5, and the other end of the first branch 201 is connected to one end of the second branch 202.
The second radiation branch 22 is provided with a first gap 203 and a second gap 204, the first gap 203 is in an eta shape, and the second gap 204 is in an inverted L shape; one end of the second slit 204 is connected to one end of the first slit 203, and the other end of the second slit 204 extends to the edge of the second radiating branch 22.
The antenna radiator 2 further comprises a third slot 205, and the third slot 205 is in a step shape; the third slot 205 is located between the ground point 5 and the feeding point 6, and one end of the third slot 205 is connected to the second slot 204.
The simulation Internet of things equipment has the main dimensions that the equipment shell is 72mm in length, 37mm in width and 21mm in thickness; the size of the PCB is about 64mm by 30mm; the height of the antenna radiator from the PCB is 4.5mm.
Fig. 3 shows simulation results of return loss, and it can be seen from the graph that the antenna generates resonance in the frequency range of 800MHz and 900MHz, that is, the frequency range of 791-960MHz can be covered by the antenna, so that the coverage range of the antenna frequency range of the internet of things equipment is satisfied. Compared with the traditional antenna design scheme, the antenna design scheme realizes double resonance at the working frequency band by adopting the design of an asymmetric form, and increases the bandwidth coverage range of the antenna.
Fig. 4 and 5 are current profiles of the antenna operating at 820MHz and 930MHz, respectively, when feeding excitation is performed, it can be seen that the current loop formed on the first radiating branch is mainly used to cover the 800MHz band, and the current loop formed on the second radiating branch is mainly used to cover the 900MHz band.
Fig. 6 shows the total radiation efficiency of the antenna, and it can be seen from the figure that the antenna structure shows good radiation efficiency.
From the simulation results, it can be seen that the antenna design requirement of the small-sized internet of things equipment can be met, the ultra-wideband coverage range of the antenna can be achieved, and good radiation performance is shown.
In conventional antennas, the low frequency band is typically free of dual resonance. Often in poor device environments, single resonance is insufficient to cover the bandwidth of low frequencies. In order to make the bandwidth of the antenna cover multiple frequency bands as much as possible, a common method is to use a radio frequency switch chip or an adjustable capacitor chip and cooperate with a corresponding matching circuit to move single resonance so as to realize the bandwidth coverage of the low frequency band. In this embodiment, by setting two radiation branches in an asymmetric form, dual resonance can be realized in a low frequency band, so as to achieve an effect similar to that of a radio frequency switch chip or an adjustable capacitor chip, and achieve the purpose of widening the bandwidth of working frequency.
In summary, the antenna structure suitable for the 5G internet of things equipment and the internet of things equipment provided by the invention have the advantages that the antenna radiator comprises two connected radiation branches with asymmetric structures, and each radiation branch can directly generate resonance, so that two resonances with different center frequencies can be generated when feeding excitation is performed, double-frequency coverage is realized, and the purpose of widening the bandwidth of working frequency is achieved; the radiation branches can be changed randomly along with the actual utilization space, so that the space utilization is maximized; meanwhile, the device has the advantages of simple structure, low cost (including material cost, production process cost and the like) and the like. The invention only uses the antenna itself as the only radiation device, and can obtain better bandwidth coverage and good antenna performance without the assistance of an additional radio frequency chip.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent changes made by the specification and drawings of the present invention, or direct or indirect application in the relevant art, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The antenna structure suitable for the 5G Internet of things equipment is characterized by comprising a PCB (printed circuit board), an antenna radiator, a grounding connecting piece and a feed connecting piece, wherein a grounding layer is arranged on the PCB, and a grounding point and a feed point are arranged on the antenna radiator; the antenna radiator is arranged above the PCB, the grounding point is connected with a grounding layer on the PCB through the grounding connecting piece, and the feed point is electrically connected with the PCB through the feed connecting piece; the antenna radiator comprises a first radiation branch and a second radiation branch which are connected, the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch are respectively positioned at two sides of the grounding point and the feeding point, and the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch are asymmetrically arranged; the lengths and the widths of the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch are different;
the first radiation branch comprises a first branch and a second branch, the first branch is in a strip shape, and the second branch is in an inverted U shape; one end of the first branch is connected with a feed point and a grounding point, and the other end of the first branch is connected with one end of the second branch;
the second radiation branch is provided with a first gap and a second gap, the first gap is in an eta shape, and the second gap is in an inverted L shape; one end of the second gap is connected with one end of the first gap, and the other end of the second gap extends to the edge of the second radiation branch;
the antenna radiator further comprises a third gap, and the third gap is in a step shape; the third gap is located between the grounding point and the feeding point, and one end of the third gap is connected with the second gap.
2. The antenna structure suitable for use in a 5G internet of things device according to claim 1, wherein the antenna radiator is parallel to the PCB board.
3. The antenna structure of claim 1, further comprising a matching circuit connected to the feed point.
4. The antenna structure suitable for 5G Internet of things equipment according to claim 1, wherein a metal component is arranged on the PCB, and the projection of the antenna radiator on the PCB is not overlapped with the metal component.
5. The antenna structure suitable for 5G internet of things equipment of claim 1, wherein the ground connection member is a metal spring.
6. The antenna structure suitable for use in a 5G internet of things device according to claim 1, wherein the antenna radiator has a height of 4.5mm from the PCB board.
7. An internet of things device, comprising an antenna structure according to any of claims 1-6 adapted for use in a 5G internet of things device.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110035042.9A CN112886195B (en) | 2021-01-12 | 2021-01-12 | Antenna structure suitable for 5G internet of things equipment and internet of things equipment |
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| CN202110035042.9A CN112886195B (en) | 2021-01-12 | 2021-01-12 | Antenna structure suitable for 5G internet of things equipment and internet of things equipment |
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| CN112886195A CN112886195A (en) | 2021-06-01 |
| CN112886195B true CN112886195B (en) | 2023-12-19 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113871866A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-12-31 | 许昌许继软件技术有限公司 | A PCB board antenna |
| CN118569197B (en) * | 2024-05-16 | 2025-03-21 | 深圳凯鸿欣电子科技有限公司 | A 5G energy storage circuit board and its preparation process |
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