CN112813938A - Water diversion system for lower-stage power station of step hydropower station - Google Patents
Water diversion system for lower-stage power station of step hydropower station Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 204
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
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- E02B9/00—Water-power plants; Layout, construction or equipment, methods of, or apparatus for, making same
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- E03B3/04—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from surface water
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种引水系统，尤其是公开了一种用于梯级水电站下级电站的引水系统，属于水利水电工程建筑物设计建造技术领域。提供一种既能够有效利用上、下游梯级坝址之间河道区间的天然流量来增加发电量，又能有效减小下游沉沙池规模的用于梯级水电站下级电站的引水系统。所述的引水系统包括上一级电站的尾水输出结构，所述的引水系统还包括下级电站进水口、下级电站引水隧洞和补水结构，所述的补水结构布置在下游河道上，上一级电站的尾水输出结构输出的水流和补水结构输出的水流均通过所述的下级电站进水口输入所述的下级电站引水隧洞中。
The invention discloses a water diversion system, in particular a water diversion system used for a cascade hydropower station lower-level power station, and belongs to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering building design and construction. Provided is a water diversion system for a cascade hydropower station and a lower power station, which can effectively utilize the natural flow between the upstream and downstream cascade dam sites to increase power generation, and can effectively reduce the scale of the downstream sedimentation tank. The water diversion system includes the tail water output structure of the upper-level power station, the water diversion system also includes the water inlet of the lower-level power station, the water diversion tunnel of the lower-level power station and the water replenishment structure, and the water replenishment structure is arranged on the downstream river channel, and the upper stage The water flow output by the tail water output structure of the power station and the water flow output by the water replenishment structure are both input into the water diversion tunnel of the lower power station through the lower power station water inlet.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a water diversion system, in particular to a water diversion system for a lower-stage power station of a cascade hydropower station, and belongs to the technical field of design and construction of hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering buildings.
Background
1. Noun interpretation
1) Step hydropower station
From the upstream of the river, a hydro-junction series with a river reach after another river reach is drawn up from top to bottom and is distributed in a step-shaped manner, and the development mode is called step development.
2) High head hydropower station
The water head generally refers to the difference value between the upstream water level and the downstream water level of a hydropower station, a high-water-head hydropower station generally refers to a hydropower station with a water head larger than 71-250 m, and an extra-high-water-head hydropower station generally refers to a hydropower station with a water head larger than 250 m. The output and power production of high head hydroelectric plants is generally dependent on the amount of upstream water. The high-head, especially the turbine set of the extra-high head hydropower station is sensitive to silt, and if silt content in the flow is higher, the structures such as a set guide vane and the like are seriously abraded, so that the service life is influenced. Therefore, high head hydroelectric plants often require measures to control the silt content of the quoted flow.
2. General arrangement scheme
The structural characteristics of the diversion type high-head hydropower station step connection type conventional arrangement scheme with prominent mountainous sediment problem are as follows: 1) the upstream cascade hydropower station consists of an upstream overflow dam, an upstream sand flushing gate, an upstream water intake, an upstream desilting basin, an upstream diversion tunnel, an upstream surge chamber, an upstream pressure pipeline, an upstream factory building and an upstream tail canal; 2) the head junction of the downstream cascade hydropower station consists of a downstream overflow dam, a downstream sand sluice gate, a downstream water intake, a downstream desilting basin and a downstream diversion tunnel; 3) the upstream tail canal directly guides water flow into a natural river channel; 4) the head junction of the downstream cascade hydropower station is positioned at the downstream of the upstream tail water channel, and the flow quoted by the downstream cascade hydropower station is obtained from the natural river channel through the downstream water intake. The structure has the advantages that: the downstream cascade hydropower station takes water in a river channel damming way, the quoted flow not only comprises tail water flow discharged by the upstream cascade hydropower station through an upstream tail water channel, but also comprises natural flow of a river channel region between an upstream overflow dam and a downstream overflow dam, and the river channel flow is fully utilized. The main problems of this structure are: the water flow discharged from the upstream tail water channel is originally low-silt-content clear water treated by the upstream desilting tank, and the silt content is obviously increased after the clear water is converged into a natural river channel, so that the requirement of reducing the silt content of the water flow to meet the power generation requirement of the downstream cascade water turbine unit is met, the downstream desilting tank is required to be arranged to treat silt in the water flow, the scale of the downstream desilting tank is large, and the engineering investment is high. In order to solve the problems, an improved scheme of 'clear water does not flow into the river' is provided, and the improved clear water system is characterized in that: 1) the upstream cascade hydropower station consists of an upstream overflow dam, an upstream sand flushing gate, an upstream water intake, an upstream desilting basin, an upstream diversion tunnel, an upstream surge chamber, an upstream pressure pipeline, an upstream factory building and an upstream tail canal; 2) the head junction of the downstream cascade hydropower station consists of a downstream hydropower station water inlet and a downstream diversion tunnel; 3) the upstream tail canal is directly connected with the water inlet of the downstream power station. The structure has the advantages that: the water inlet of the downstream power station uses clear water drained from the upstream tail water channel, and buildings such as a downstream overflow dam, a downstream sand washing gate, a downstream desilting basin and the like do not need to be arranged, so that the investment of the project of the downstream cascade head part junction is saved. The main problems of this structure are: the downstream cascade hydropower station only utilizes the flow discharged by the upstream tail water channel, the natural flow of a riverway region between the upstream overflow dam and the water inlet of the downstream hydropower station is not fully utilized, and the generated energy of the downstream cascade hydropower station has great loss.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the water diversion system for the lower-stage power station of the cascade hydropower station can effectively utilize the natural flow of the river channel section between the upstream and downstream cascade dam sites to increase the generated energy and effectively reduce the scale of the downstream desilting basin.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a diversion system for step hydropower station subordinate power station, includes the tail water output structure of last one-level power station, diversion system still include subordinate power station water inlet, subordinate power station diversion tunnel and moisturizing structure, the moisturizing structure arrange on downstream river course, the rivers of the tail water output structure output of last one-level power station and the rivers of moisturizing structure output all pass through subordinate power station water inlet input subordinate power station diversion tunnel in.
Furthermore, the water supplementing structure comprises a subordinate overflow dam and a water taking mechanism, the subordinate overflow dam is arranged on a downstream river channel, and a water flow output end of the water taking mechanism communicated with water flow on the upstream side of the subordinate overflow dam is communicated with a water inlet of a subordinate power station.
The preferable mode of the scheme is that the lower overflow dam comprises an overflow dam body and a sand flushing lock chamber mechanism, and the sand flushing lock chamber mechanism is arranged on the overflow dam body close to the water taking mechanism water flow input end.
Furthermore, the water taking mechanism comprises a superior water taking port and a sand deposition water delivery assembly, the sand deposition water delivery assembly is arranged on a side bank of a downstream river channel close to the sand flushing lock chamber mechanism through the central line of the superior water taking port and the water flow direction of the downstream river channel, wherein an included angle of 30-60 degrees is formed between the central line of the superior water taking port and the water flow direction of the downstream river channel, and the water flow output end of the sand deposition water delivery assembly is communicated with a water inlet of a subordinate power station or a tail water output structure of a superior power station.
The preferable mode of the scheme is that the sand-settling and water-conveying component comprises a lower-level sand-settling tank and a water-conveying connecting channel, the lower-level sand-settling tank is arranged between a higher-level water intake and the water-conveying connecting channel, and a water flow output end of the water-conveying connecting channel is communicated with a water inlet of a lower-level power station or a tail water output structure of an upper-level power station.
Furthermore, the tail water output structure is a tail water channel communicated with a tail water output end of a power generation plant of a higher-level power station.
The preferable mode of above-mentioned scheme is, diversion system still include last one-level diversion power generation mechanism, the rivers of last one-level diversion power generation mechanism output pass through the tailrace that communicates with power plant tail water output end and input in the power station diversion tunnel of subordinate under the cooperation of power station water inlet of subordinate.
Further, last one-level diversion power generation mechanism still include pipeline under pressure, surge-chamber, last one-level power station diversion tunnel and electricity generation factory building, last one-level power station diversion tunnel pass through surge-chamber and pipeline under pressure intercommunication, pipeline under pressure's rivers output end and the hydraulic turbine intercommunication in the electricity generation factory building.
Further, the upper stage diversion power generation mechanism further comprises an upstream desilting basin, an upstream water intake, an upstream sand sluice and an upstream overflow dam, wherein the upstream overflow dam and the upstream sand sluice are adjacently arranged on an upstream river channel, the upstream water intake and the upstream sand sluice are adjacently arranged on a side bank of the upstream river channel, a water flow input end of the upstream desilting basin is connected with the upstream water intake, and a water flow output end of the upstream desilting basin is connected with the upper stage diversion tunnel of the power station.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the utility model provides a tail water output structure of above one-level power station of technical scheme is the basis, sets up subordinate power station water inlet, subordinate power station diversion tunnel and moisturizing structure through the increase and constitutes diversion system, and will the moisturizing structure arrange on low reaches river course, then make the rivers of last one-level power station tail water output structure output and the rivers of moisturizing structure output all pass through subordinate power station water inlet input subordinate power station diversion tunnel in. Therefore, the tail water with lower sand content of the previous stage power station is fully utilized, and the water intake of the next stage power station only needs to deposit the sand in the water flow in the river channel region between the upstream and downstream step dam sites, so that the aim of reducing the scale of the downstream desilting basin is fulfilled; meanwhile, the water flow overflowing from the overflow dam of the upper-level power station can be fully utilized, and the purpose of increasing the generated energy by effectively utilizing the natural flow of the river channel interval between the upstream and downstream step dam sites is achieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan layout structure of a water diversion system of a low-level power station of a cascade hydropower station.
Labeled as: tail water output structure 1, subordinate power station water inlet 2, subordinate power station diversion tunnel 3, moisturizing structure 4, subordinate overflow dam 5, water intaking mechanism 6, overflow dam body 7, sand flushing lock chamber mechanism 8, superior water intaking mouth 9, sediment water delivery assembly 10, subordinate sediment tank 11, water delivery connecting canal 12, last one-level diversion power generation mechanism 13, pipeline under pressure 14, surge-chamber 15, last one-level power station diversion tunnel 16, power generation factory building 17, upper reaches sediment tank 18, upper reaches water intaking mouth 19, upper reaches sand flushing lock 20, upper reaches overflow dam 21.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the water diversion system for the lower-stage power station of the cascade hydropower station can effectively utilize the natural flow of the river channel section between the upstream and downstream cascade dam sites to increase the generated energy and effectively reduce the scale of the downstream desilting basin. The diversion system include the tail water output structure 1 of last one-level power station, the diversion system still include subordinate power station water inlet 2, subordinate power station diversion tunnel 3 and moisturizing structure 4, moisturizing structure 4 arrange on low reaches river course, the rivers of the 1 output of tail water output structure of last one-level power station and the rivers of moisturizing structure 4 output all pass through subordinate power station water inlet 2 input subordinate power station diversion tunnel 3 in. The utility model provides a tail water output structure of above one-level power station of technical scheme is the basis, sets up subordinate power station water inlet, subordinate power station diversion tunnel and moisturizing structure through the increase and constitutes diversion system, and will the moisturizing structure arrange on low reaches river course, then make the rivers of last one-level power station tail water output structure output and the rivers of moisturizing structure output all pass through subordinate power station water inlet input subordinate power station diversion tunnel in. Therefore, the tail water with lower sand content of the previous stage power station is fully utilized, and the water intake of the next stage power station only needs to deposit the sand in the water flow in the river channel region between the upstream and downstream step dam sites, so that the aim of reducing the scale of the downstream desilting basin is fulfilled; meanwhile, the water flow overflowing from the overflow dam of the upper-level power station can be fully utilized, and the purpose of increasing the generated energy by effectively utilizing the natural flow of the river channel interval between the upstream and downstream step dam sites is achieved.
In the above-mentioned embodiment, combine hydroelectric power station's structure thing requirement, can utilize the interval rivers of river course between upper and lower stream step dam site as much as possible simultaneously, but can be better filter the sand that presss from both sides wherein, moisturizing structure 4 in this application include subordinate's overflow dam 5 and water intaking mechanism 6, subordinate's overflow dam 5 arrange on the lower river course, with subordinate's overflow dam upstream side rivers intercommunication the rivers output of water intaking mechanism 6 and subordinate's power station water inlet 2 intercommunication. Correspondingly, the lower overflow dam 5 comprises an overflow dam body 7 and a sand-washing lock chamber mechanism 8, wherein the sand-washing lock chamber mechanism 8 is arranged on the overflow dam body 7 close to the water flow input end of the water taking mechanism 6; the water taking mechanism 6 comprises a superior water taking port 9 and a settled sand water delivery assembly 10, the settled sand water delivery assembly 10 is arranged on the side bank of a downstream river channel close to the sand flushing lock chamber mechanism 8 through the central line of the superior water taking port 9 and the water flow direction of the downstream river channel, wherein an included angle of 30-60 degrees is formed between the central line of the settled sand water delivery assembly and the water flow direction of the downstream river channel, and the water flow output end of the settled sand water delivery assembly 10 is communicated with the water inlet 2 of a subordinate power station or the tail water output structure 1 of an upper power station. Meanwhile, the sand-settling water delivery assembly 10 comprises a lower-level sand-settling tank 11 and a water delivery connecting channel 12, the lower-level sand-settling tank 11 is arranged between the upper-level water intake 9 and the water delivery connecting channel 12, and the water flow output end of the water delivery connecting channel 12 is communicated with the water inlet 2 of the lower-level power station or the tail water output structure 1 of the upper-level power station. In this case, the tail water output structure 1 of the upper stage power station is generally a tail water channel communicated with a tail water output end of a power plant of the upper stage power station.
Further, this application diversion system certainly still need include last one-level diversion power generation mechanism 13, the rivers of last one-level diversion power generation mechanism 13 output are through the tailrace with power plant tail water output end intercommunication in the cooperation of subordinate power station water inlet 2 down input subordinate power station diversion tunnel 3. Last one-level diversion power generation mechanism 13 still include pipeline under pressure 14, surge-chamber 15, last one-level power station diversion tunnel 16 and electricity generation factory building 17, last one-level power station diversion tunnel 16 pass through surge-chamber 15 and pipeline under pressure 14 intercommunication, pipeline under pressure 14's rivers output end and the hydraulic turbine intercommunication in the electricity generation factory building 17. Similarly, the previous-stage diversion power generation mechanism 13 further includes an upstream desilting basin 18, an upstream water intake 19, an upstream sand sluice 20 and an upstream overflow dam 21, the upstream overflow dam 21 and the upstream sand sluice 20 are adjacently arranged on an upstream river channel, the upstream water intake 19 and the upstream sand sluice 20 are adjacently arranged on a side bank of the upstream river channel, a water flow input end of the upstream desilting basin 18 is connected with the upstream water intake 19, and a water flow output end of the upstream desilting basin 18 is connected with the previous-stage power station diversion tunnel 16.
In summary, the adoption of the citation system provided by the application to build a cascade power station also has the following advantages,
1) the clean water with lower sediment content discharged by the upstream cascade hydropower station enters a water inlet of a downstream hydropower station through an upstream tail water channel, the natural flow of a riverway interval between an upstream overflow dam and a downstream overflow dam also enters the water inlet of the downstream hydropower station after passing through a downstream water intake, a downstream desilting basin, a connecting channel and the upstream tail water channel, the flow of the riverway controlled by the dam site of the downstream overflow dam is fully utilized, and the generated energy of the downstream cascade hydropower station is greatly increased compared with an improved scheme;
2) the downstream desilting basin only needs to process the natural flow from the river channel interval between the upstream overflow dam and the downstream overflow dam, the scale of the downstream desilting basin is greatly reduced compared with the conventional scheme, and the engineering investment of the desilting basin is saved.
Example one
The technical problem that this application will be solved provides one kind can enough effectively utilize the natural flow between the river course interval between upper and lower reaches step dam site, increases the generated energy, can effectively reduce low reaches desilting pond scale again, saves engineering investment step power station diversion and water charging system.
The technical scheme adopted by the technical problem solved by the application is as follows:
1) the upstream cascade hydropower station consists of an upstream overflow dam, an upstream sand flushing gate, an upstream water intake, an upstream desilting basin, an upstream diversion tunnel, an upstream surge chamber, an upstream pressure pipeline, an upstream factory building and an upstream tail canal;
2) the downstream cascade hydropower station water replenishing system consists of a downstream overflow dam, a downstream sand sluice, a downstream water intake, a downstream desilting basin and a connecting channel;
3) the diversion system of the downstream cascade hydropower station consists of a water inlet of the downstream hydropower station and a downstream diversion tunnel;
4) the water replenishing system of the downstream cascade hydropower station directly converges into the upstream tail water channel through the connecting channel;
5) the water inlet of the downstream power station is arranged at the tail end of the upstream tail canal.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a diversion system for step hydropower station subordinate power station, includes tail water output structure (1) of last one-level power station, its characterized in that: the diversion system still include subordinate power station water inlet (2), subordinate power station diversion tunnel (3) and moisturizing structure (4), moisturizing structure (4) arrange on downstream river course, the rivers of the tail water output structure (1) output of last one-level power station and the rivers of moisturizing structure (4) output all pass through subordinate power station water inlet (2) input subordinate power station diversion tunnel (3) in.
2. The water diversion system for a stepped hydropower station sub-station of claim 1, characterized in that: moisturizing structure (4) include subordinate's overflow dam (5) and water intaking mechanism (6), subordinate's overflow dam (5) arrange on the river course of low reaches, communicate with subordinate's overflow dam upstream side rivers output and subordinate's power station water inlet (2) of water intaking mechanism (6) of rivers intercommunication.
3. The water diversion system for a stepped hydropower station sub-station of claim 2, characterized in that: the lower overflow dam (5) comprises an overflow dam body (7) and a sand flushing lock chamber mechanism (8), wherein the sand flushing lock chamber mechanism (8) is arranged on the overflow dam body (7) close to the water flow input end of the water taking mechanism (6).
4. The water diversion system for a stepped hydropower station sub-station according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the water taking mechanism (6) comprises a lower-stage water taking opening (9) and a settled sand water conveying assembly (10), the settled sand water conveying assembly (10) is arranged on a side bank of a downstream river channel close to a sand flushing lock chamber mechanism (8) through the fact that the central line of the lower-stage water taking opening (9) and the water flow direction of the downstream river channel form an included angle of 30-60 degrees, and the water flow output end of the settled sand water conveying assembly (10) is communicated with a water inlet (2) of a lower-stage power station or a tail water output structure (1) of an upper-stage power station.
5. The water diversion system for a stepped hydropower station sub-station of claim 4, characterized in that: the desilting and water conveying assembly (10) comprises a lower-level desilting pool (11) and a water conveying connecting channel (12), the lower-level desilting pool (11) is arranged between a lower-level water intake (9) and the water conveying connecting channel (12), and the water flow output end of the water conveying connecting channel (12) is communicated with a lower-level power station water inlet (2) or a tail water output structure (1) of an upper-level power station.
6. The water diversion system for a stepped hydropower station sub-station of claim 1, characterized in that: the tail water output structure (1) is a tail water channel communicated with a tail water output end of a power generation plant of a higher-level power station.
7. The water diversion system for a stepped hydropower station sub-station of claim 6, characterized in that: the diversion system also comprises a previous stage diversion power generation mechanism (13), and water flow output by the previous stage diversion power generation mechanism (13) is input into the diversion tunnel (3) of the next-stage power station under the matching of the water inlet (2) of the next-stage power station through a tail water channel communicated with the tail water output end of the power generation plant.
8. The water diversion system for a stepped hydropower station sub-station of claim 7, characterized in that: last one-level diversion power generation mechanism (13) still include pipeline under pressure (14), surge-chamber (15), last one-level power station diversion tunnel (16) and electricity generation factory building (17), last one-level power station diversion tunnel (16) pass through surge-chamber (15) and pipeline under pressure (14) intercommunication, the rivers output end and the hydraulic turbine intercommunication in the electricity generation factory building (17) of pipeline under pressure (14).
9. The water diversion system for a stepped hydropower station sub-station of claim 8, characterized in that: the upper-stage diversion power generation mechanism (13) further comprises an upstream desilting basin (18), an upstream water intake (19), an upstream sand-washing gate (20) and an upstream overflow dam (21), wherein the upstream overflow dam (21) and the upstream sand-washing gate (20) are adjacently arranged on an upstream river channel, the upstream water intake (19) and the upstream sand-washing gate (20) are adjacently arranged on a side bank of the upstream river channel, a water flow input end of the upstream desilting basin (18) is connected with the upstream water intake (19), and a water flow output end of the upstream desilting basin (18) is connected with the upper-stage power station diversion tunnel (16).
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| CN113202065A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-08-03 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Water taking structure for multi-silt river channel |
| CN114232570A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-03-25 | 张立成 | Land interlinked hydropower station |
| CN115198705A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-10-18 | 广西川昆新能源科技有限公司 | A two-station three-reservoir shaft-type pumped-storage power station |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN113202065A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-08-03 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Water taking structure for multi-silt river channel |
| CN114232570A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-03-25 | 张立成 | Land interlinked hydropower station |
| CN115198705A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-10-18 | 广西川昆新能源科技有限公司 | A two-station three-reservoir shaft-type pumped-storage power station |
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