CN112751190B - Flexible antenna based on metamaterial structure and signal transmission device - Google Patents
Flexible antenna based on metamaterial structure and signal transmission device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112751190B CN112751190B CN202011585150.5A CN202011585150A CN112751190B CN 112751190 B CN112751190 B CN 112751190B CN 202011585150 A CN202011585150 A CN 202011585150A CN 112751190 B CN112751190 B CN 112751190B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
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Abstract
The utility model provides a flexible antenna and signal transmission device based on metamaterial structure, relates to microwave antenna engineering technical field, includes: a dielectric substrate for providing support for the flexible antenna; the defected ground structure is used for providing an antenna ground for surface current in the flexible antenna, and the surface of the defected ground structure is provided with a plurality of grooves with the same shape and size, so that the defected ground structure has metamaterial characteristics; and the micro-strip oscillator is used for radiating the flexible antenna signal. The flexible antenna based on the metamaterial structure has the advantages of high gain, ultra wide band and the like, can be conformal with various carriers, and is low in cost, wide in application and strong in designability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microwave antenna engineering, in particular to a flexible antenna based on a metamaterial structure and a signal transmission device.
Background
In many practical engineering applications, it is desirable that the antenna be able to closely integrate with the shape of a given object structure, which may be some location on the carrier or the carrier itself. The field of antennas generally refers to the form of an antenna that can be identical to the shape or profile of a mounting carrier structure as a conformal antenna. After the antenna and the carrier are conformal, the fluid resistance in the motion of the carrier can be greatly reduced, various performances of the carrier are improved, and the structural design difficulty of the carrier is reduced, so that the common antenna technology in various scenes is an important subject of the current antenna design.
The flexible antenna refers to an antenna made of a flexible material, and has the characteristic of radiating electromagnetic waves outwards under certain bending, stretching, folding and other conditions. Due to this characteristic, flexible antennas have numerous applications in aircraft, vehicles, ships, etc. where antenna conformality is required. The substrate materials used in the present flexible antenna generally include liquid crystal polymer, polyimide, fabric and even flexible nano material. However, the existing flexible antenna often has the defects of small gain, narrow working frequency band and the like, which restricts the application and development of the flexible antenna to a certain extent.
In the traditional microwave transmission medium, both the dielectric constant and the magnetic permeability are positive values, and according to the Maxwell equation set, when waves propagate in the medium, the electric field, the magnetic field and the wave vector of the waves meet the right-hand rule, and at the moment, the phase constant beta is greater than 0. In the 60's of the 20 th century, scientists found that waves can still propagate normally when the dielectric constant and the magnetic permeability of the transmission medium are both negative, and the electric field, the magnetic field and the wave vector satisfy the left-hand rule, so that the transmission medium is called a left-handed material and is also called a metamaterial. The metamaterial has many miraculous characteristics such as negative refraction characteristic, backward radiation characteristic, flat plate convergence, evanescent wave amplification, inverse Doppler shift and inverse Chevron radiation, but the metamaterial does not have negative dielectric constant and magnetic conductivity in nature, so the research on the metamaterial is stranded once. Until the beginning of the 21 st century, a plurality of scientists in the United states realized the design and experimental verification of artificial metamaterials, and opened up a new research space for the classical electromagnetic theory. At present, partial research results of the metamaterial gradually step into an application stage, and stealth materials based on the metamaterial and the like have great diversity in the fields of aviation, aerospace, military and the like.
Due to the extraordinary physical properties of the metamaterial, the antenna designed based on the metamaterial with the artificial composite structure has the characteristics of high gain, large bandwidth and the like. At present, metamaterials represented by left-handed materials, photonic crystals and frequency selective surfaces have wide application prospects in the fields of optical imaging, ultra-wideband antennas, electromagnetic wave invisibility and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a flexible antenna based on a metamaterial structure and a signal transmission device, which have the advantages that the design concept of artificially compounding a metamaterial is introduced into the design of a flexible microstrip antenna, and a defected ground structure with frequency selection characteristics is constructed in a microstrip ground, so that compared with a conventional flexible microstrip antenna, the flexible microstrip antenna based on the metamaterial structure provided in the present invention has the advantages of high gain, ultra wide band, and the like, can be conformal with various carriers, and has low cost, wide application and strong design.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a flexible antenna based on a metamaterial structure, comprising:
a dielectric substrate for providing support for the flexible antenna;
the defected ground structure is used for providing an antenna ground for surface current in the flexible antenna, and the surface of the defected ground structure is provided with a plurality of grooves with the same shape and size, so that the defected ground structure has metamaterial characteristics;
and the microstrip oscillator is used for radiating the flexible antenna signal.
Furthermore, the grooves are arranged in rows, a plurality of grooves in each row are spaced at equal intervals, and the grooves adjacent to the two rows are distributed in a staggered manner.
Furthermore, the groove is a cross-shaped groove, the cross-shaped groove comprises a first linear groove and a second linear groove which are perpendicular to each other, and the middle point of the first linear groove and the middle point of the second linear groove are crossed with each other.
Furthermore, by controlling the size of the cross-shaped groove, the equivalent dielectric constant and the equivalent magnetic conductivity of the flexible antenna can be changed, and further the reflection coefficient of the flexible antenna is changed, so that the flexible antenna has the characteristics of ultra wide band and high gain.
Furthermore, the length of the first linear groove and the second linear groove is 2.4-5.2mm, and the width of the first linear groove and the second linear groove is 0.1-1.6mm.
Furthermore, the length of the first linear groove and the second linear groove is 3.2mm, and the width of the first linear groove and the second linear groove is 0.4mm.
Further, the defected ground structure and the microstrip oscillator are printed on the top layer of the dielectric substrate.
Furthermore, the microstrip oscillator is composed of 5 sections of microstrip lines.
Further, the dielectric substrate is made of a flexible material, and the flexible material comprises liquid crystal polymer or polyimide.
Furthermore, the defected ground structure and the microstrip oscillator are made of metal conductive materials.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a signal transmission arrangement comprising the aforementioned flexible antenna.
Compared with the prior art, the flexible antenna based on the metamaterial structure and the signal transmission device have the following advantages:
(1) A flexible antenna based on a metamaterial structure in the invention has high gain characteristics compared with a traditional flexible antenna with the same size.
(2) The flexible antenna based on the metamaterial structure has the advantages of wide working frequency range, 67% of relative bandwidth and ultra-wide band characteristic.
(3) By reconstructing and designing the size parameters of all parts of the flexible antenna based on the metamaterial structure, the parameters such as the working frequency, the directional diagram and the like of the antenna can be changed very conveniently, and the designability is high.
(4) The antenna can be processed by adopting a flexible printed circuit board processing technology, and the antenna is low in cost, high in reliability and suitable for large-scale production.
(5) In the design, the actual scenes such as bending and stretching of the antenna are considered for optimization, key parameters such as antenna gain and a directional diagram can be kept in a certain bending range, and the antenna can be shaped together with various antenna carriers such as aircrafts, vehicles and ships.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention, and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the installation of a flexible antenna according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a flexible antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of a full-wave simulated reflection coefficient S11 of a flexible antenna according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a 2.4GHz far-field E-plane pattern of a flexible antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a 2.8GHz far-field E-plane pattern of a flexible antenna according to an embodiment of the invention;
wherein, 1-a dielectric substrate; 2-a defected ground structure; 3-a microstrip oscillator; 4-cross-shaped groove.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The following description refers to the accompanying drawings in which the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary examples do not represent all implementations consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the invention, as detailed in the appended claims.
The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims of the present invention are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are, for example, capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
A plurality, including two or more.
And/or, it should be understood that, as used herein, the term "and/or" is merely one type of association that describes an associated object, meaning that three types of relationships may exist. For example, a and/or B, may represent: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a flexible antenna based on a metamaterial structure includes an antenna dielectric substrate, a defected ground structure, a microstrip oscillator, and the like. Preferably, the flexible antenna based on the metamaterial structure comprises a dielectric substrate 1, a defected ground structure 2, a microstrip oscillator 3 and cross-shaped grooves 4 which have metamaterial characteristics and are arranged at equal intervals.
The surface of the defected ground structure 2 is provided with a plurality of grooves with the same shape and size, so that the defected ground structure has metamaterial characteristics; the grooves are arranged in rows, and a plurality of grooves in each row are equally spaced and distributed in a staggered manner between adjacent two rows of grooves. The groove is a cross-shaped groove 4, the cross-shaped groove comprises a first line-shaped groove and a second line-shaped groove which are perpendicular to each other, and the middle point of the first line-shaped groove and the middle point of the second line-shaped groove are mutually crossed.
The dielectric substrate 1 is fixed on the surface of an antenna carrier such as an aircraft and is conformal with the surface;
the material of the dielectric substrate 1 can be selected from various materials such as liquid crystal polymer (FPC), polyimide (PI) and the like;
the defected ground structure 2 and the microstrip vibrator 3 are printed on the top layer of the dielectric substrate 1 by a printed flexible circuit board technology;
the defected ground structure 2 and the microstrip oscillator 3 are made of metal conductors, and copper is generally selected;
a plurality of cross-shaped grooves 4 are formed in the defected ground structure 2 at equal intervals, so that the defected ground structure 2 has metamaterial characteristics;
through the control of the size of the cross-shaped groove, the equivalent dielectric constant and the equivalent magnetic conductivity of the flexible antenna can be changed, and then the reflection coefficient of the flexible antenna is changed, so that the flexible antenna has the characteristics of ultra wide band and high gain.
The invention is as describedWhen the flexible antenna based on the metamaterial structure works, when surface current flows back to the ground of the antenna, the surface current in the horizontal direction and the surface current in the vertical direction can be cut, reflected currents in two directions are generated at the groove, and macroscopically, the equivalent dielectric constant epsilon of the antenna can be caused by equally-spaced cross grooves at the ground part of the antenna r And equivalent permeability mu r The change is generated, in other words, the control of the equivalent dielectric constant and the equivalent magnetic permeability of the antenna can be realized through controlling the size parameter of the cross slot, and the antenna reflection coefficient S is obtained according to the formula (1) 11 By equivalent epsilon of the antenna r And mu r Determining that epsilon can be realized in a wider frequency band range through the optimized design of the size of the cross-shaped slot r ≈μ r The antenna can realize matching on a broadband and higher radiation efficiency. In summary, the cross-shaped grooves are formed at equal intervals, so that the flexible antenna based on the metamaterial structure can obtain ultra-wideband and high-gain effects.
Preferably, the dielectric substrate 1 has the size of 20mm × 40mm, the thickness of 0.06mm and the dielectric constant of 3.5;
preferably, the microstrip oscillator 3 is composed of 5 sections of microstrip lines, and the sizes of the microstrip lines are respectively as follows: l. the 1 ＝22mm,l 2 ＝10mm,l 3 ＝18mm, l 4 ＝16mm,l 5 ＝14mm；
Preferably, the outer dimension of the defective structure 2 is 20mm × 15mm;
preferably, the defected ground structure 2 is provided with 5 cross-shaped grooves 4 at equal intervals, wherein the width of the groove line is 0.1-1.6mm, the length of the groove line is 2.4-5.2mm, and the positions of the groove line are distributed at equal intervals as shown in figure 2;
preferably, the flexible antenna has the working frequency of 2.2-2.9GHz and has the ultra-wideband characteristic.
Examples
By taking the example that the width of a slot line in a cross-shaped slot 4 is 0.4mm and the length is 3.2mm, for the flexible antenna based on the metamaterial structure, a high-frequency three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation software is used for simulating a model, the simulation frequency range is 1-4GHz, the reflection coefficient S11 curve of the obtained flexible antenna based on the metamaterial structure is shown in figure 3, the effective working frequency range with the antenna reflection coefficient smaller than-10 dB is 2.2-2.9GHz, the relative bandwidth is 27.45%, and the antenna has the ultra-wideband characteristic; the far-field E-plane directional patterns at 2.4GHz and 2.8GHz obtained through simulation are shown in fig. 4 and 5, the gain is kept about 8dBi in the working frequency range, and compared with a traditional microstrip flexible antenna without a metamaterial structure in the same size, the flexible antenna based on the metamaterial structure has the characteristics of ultra wide band and high gain.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising a component of' 8230; \8230;" does not exclude the presence of another like element in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A flexible antenna based on a metamaterial structure, comprising:
a dielectric substrate for providing support for the flexible antenna;
the defected ground structure is used for providing an antenna ground for surface current in the flexible antenna, and the surface of the defected ground structure is provided with a plurality of grooves with the same shape and size, so that the defected ground structure has metamaterial characteristics;
the microstrip oscillator is used for radiating the flexible antenna signal;
the grooves are arranged in rows, a plurality of grooves in each row are spaced at equal intervals, and the grooves adjacent to the two rows are distributed in a staggered manner;
the groove is a cross-shaped groove which comprises a first line-shaped groove and a second line-shaped groove which are vertical to each other, and the middle point of the first line-shaped groove and the middle point of the second line-shaped groove are crossed with each other;
through controlling the size of the cross-shaped groove, the equivalent dielectric constant and equivalent magnetic conductivity of the flexible antenna can be changed, and the reflection coefficient of the flexible antenna is further changed, so that the flexible antenna has the characteristics of ultra wide band and high gain;
the first linear groove and the second linear groove are 2.4-5.2mm in length and 0.1-1.6mm in width;
the defect ground structure and the microstrip oscillator are printed on the top layer of the dielectric substrate.
2. The flexible antenna based on the metamaterial structure as in claim 1, wherein the microstrip oscillator is composed of 5 sections of microstrip lines.
3. The flexible antenna based on the metamaterial structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dielectric substrate is made of a flexible material, and the flexible material comprises a liquid crystal polymer or polyimide.
4. The flexible antenna based on the metamaterial structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the defected ground structure and the microstrip element are made of a metal conductive material.
5. A signal transmission device, characterized in that the signal transmission device comprises a flexible antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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| CN202011585150.5A CN112751190B (en) | 2020-12-24 | 2020-12-24 | Flexible antenna based on metamaterial structure and signal transmission device |
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| CN202011585150.5A CN112751190B (en) | 2020-12-24 | 2020-12-24 | Flexible antenna based on metamaterial structure and signal transmission device |
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| CN112751190B true CN112751190B (en) | 2023-01-20 |
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| TWI838815B (en) * | 2022-08-08 | 2024-04-11 | 啟碁科技股份有限公司 | Antenna module, metamaterial structure and electronic device |
| CN117030659A (en) * | 2023-07-10 | 2023-11-10 | 航天时代飞鸿技术有限公司 | D-type photonic crystal fiber refractive index sensor with double monitoring ranges and application |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101752665A (en) * | 2010-01-21 | 2010-06-23 | 上海大学 | UWB (ultra wide band) antenna with band-stop characteristic |
| CN105406156A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-03-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Cylindrical frequency selective surface structure |
| CN110034406A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-07-19 | 山西大学 | A kind of low section multi-beam slot antenna based on the double-deck super surface |
| CN209232954U (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-08-09 | 河北工业大学 | A Miniaturized Broadband Flexible Implantable Antenna |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6888500B2 (en) * | 2003-06-11 | 2005-05-03 | Harris Corporation | Beam steering with a slot array |
| US9478852B2 (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2016-10-25 | The Penn State Research Foundation | Antenna apparatus and communication system |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101752665A (en) * | 2010-01-21 | 2010-06-23 | 上海大学 | UWB (ultra wide band) antenna with band-stop characteristic |
| CN105406156A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-03-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Cylindrical frequency selective surface structure |
| CN209232954U (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-08-09 | 河北工业大学 | A Miniaturized Broadband Flexible Implantable Antenna |
| CN110034406A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-07-19 | 山西大学 | A kind of low section multi-beam slot antenna based on the double-deck super surface |
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