CN112700679B - Collaborative low-altitude airspace target monitoring system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a collaborative low-altitude airspace target monitoring system which comprises a portable comprehensive monitoring module and a portable flight dynamic monitoring module, wherein the portable comprehensive monitoring module comprises a first carrying tool, an ADS-B ground receiving station, a comprehensive data link radio station and a multifunctional access device, the portable flight dynamic monitoring module comprises a second carrying tool and a flight dynamic monitoring terminal, the ADS-B ground receiving station, the comprehensive data link radio station and the multifunctional access device are arranged in the first carrying tool, the first carrying tool is provided with an ADS-B antenna, a GNSS antenna, a radio station antenna, an internal data interface and an external data interface, and the flight dynamic monitoring terminal is arranged in the second carrying tool and is provided with a data interaction interface which can be connected with the internal data interface. The invention can effectively monitor the low-altitude airspace and simultaneously maneuver.

Description

A Cooperative Low Altitude Airspace Target Surveillance System

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of airspace monitoring, in particular to a cooperative low-altitude airspace target monitoring system.

Background technique

With the rapid development of economy and society, my country is realizing the transformation from a civil aviation power to a civil aviation power. As one of the two pillar industries of civil aviation, general aviation has played an important role in promoting the leapfrog development of my country's aviation industry. However, the outstanding problem of insufficient low-altitude airspace surveillance capabilities has had a great impact on the rapid development of general aviation.

At present, traffic control in military and civil aviation basically relies on radar surveillance and very high frequency (VHF) communication. However, these two methods are limited by line-of-sight propagation, and the coverage range is relatively small. Generally, radar surveillance only covers air routes , used to monitor military and civil aviation fixed-wing aircraft on airports and routes. In the vast ocean airspace, remote mountains, desert or jungle airspace, due to various factors, radar and VHF coverage cannot be achieved, resulting in flight airspace blind spot. In the low-altitude general aviation flight airspace, due to the relatively backward construction of the general aviation service support system, the level of support is not high, the existing general aviation aircraft lacks airborne equipment, and the flight altitude is low, and the surveillance equipment of the air traffic control department in low-altitude areas and routes is relatively backward , The coverage rate is low, and there is no effective monitoring means for the flight activities of aircraft, so that it is difficult for the air traffic control department to track and monitor the flight dynamics of low-altitude aircraft, which brings hidden dangers to flight safety.

In order to overcome these shortcomings and achieve effective air traffic surveillance, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO: International Civil Aviation Organization) proposed a new navigation technology and identified it as the main direction of future surveillance technology development, establishing future air traffic surveillance Based on the application of satellite technology, this is Automatic Dependent Surveillance (ADS: Automatic Dependent Surveillance). ADS Automatic Dependent Surveillance measures the four-dimensional position data of the aircraft by the navigation and positioning system on the aircraft, and automatically sends it to the ground air traffic control center through the ground-air communication data link for air traffic management and flow management.

ADS Automatic Dependent Surveillance is divided into Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) and Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Address/Contract (ADS-A/C). The biggest difference between ADS-B and ADS-A/C is that it is not a point-to-point communication method, but transmits information in the form of external broadcast. ADS-B is divided into the ground part and the airborne part. The airborne equipment system obtains the air pressure altitude data of the aircraft through the atmospheric data system, obtains the three-dimensional velocity data and real-time position data of the aircraft through the GNSS satellite, and transmits the above data through the aircraft onboard transceiver equipment. And other additional data information, such as aircraft identification, aircraft type category, etc., broadcast to the outside air and ground, so that other aircraft and ground receiving stations can receive the information of the aircraft and display it, open and "free flight" for low-altitude airspace "Brought hope that the implementation of ADS-B can greatly promote the potential economic and social benefits.

However, the ADS-B ground base station is usually a fixed station, and the monitoring range can only cover a range of several hundred kilometers centered on it. The air traffic control surveillance capability of the special airspace is covered. When emergencies such as earthquake relief, flood control and rescue, and stability maintenance conflicts occur, traditional air traffic control equipment cannot immediately enter the mission area to carry out control and command, and cannot ensure the flight safety of low-altitude aircraft in the active airspace.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cooperative low-altitude airspace target monitoring system, which can effectively monitor the low-altitude airspace and maneuver at the same time.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, a technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a cooperative low-altitude airspace target monitoring system, including a portable integrated monitoring module and a portable flight dynamic monitoring module, and the portable integrated monitoring module includes a first portable device, ADS-B ground receiving station, integrated data link radio station and multi-functional access equipment, the portable flight dynamic monitoring module includes the second portable equipment and flight dynamic monitoring terminal, the ADS-B ground receiving station, integrated data link radio station and The multifunctional access device is installed in the first portable device, and the first portable device is provided with an ADS-B antenna, a GNSS antenna, a radio antenna, an internal data interface and an external data interface, and the flight dynamic monitoring terminal is installed on the 2. There is a data interaction interface in the portable device, and the data interaction interface can be connected to the internal data interface;

The ADS-B ground receiving station is used to receive the ADS-B data broadcast by the aircraft through the ADS-B antenna and receive the GPS/Beidou positioning and timing information through the GNSS antenna, and send the ADS-B data and GPS/Beidou positioning and timing information to Multifunctional access equipment;

The integrated data link radio station is used to send an inquiry signal to the air through the radio antenna and receive the response information issued by the aircraft, and send the response information to the flight dynamic monitoring terminal through the internal data interface;

The multifunctional access device is used to receive the radar data sent by the external air traffic control radar system through the external data interface, and send the radar data and ADS-B data to the flight dynamic monitoring terminal through the internal data interface, and according to the GPS/Beidou Positioning and timing information provides unified timing for ADS-B ground receiving stations, integrated data link stations and flight dynamic monitoring terminals;

The flight dynamic monitoring terminal is used for multivariate data fusion of radar data, ADS-B data and response information to obtain a comprehensive flight track of the aircraft, and display the comprehensive flight track of the aircraft on a visual interface.

Preferably, the portable integrated monitoring module also includes a UPS battery, and the UPS battery supplies power for the ADS-B ground receiving station, the integrated data link radio station and the multi-function access equipment.

Preferably, the first portable device is also provided with a power supply interface, the flight dynamic monitoring terminal also has a power supply interface, the power supply interface can be connected to the power supply interface, and the UPS battery is also used as a power supply for the flight dynamic monitoring terminal through the power supply interface. powered by.

Preferably, the first carrying device is also provided with a charging interface, and the UPS battery can be charged by being connected to an alternating current through the charging interface.

Preferably, the ADS-B ground receiving station is also used to perform self-inspection to obtain ADS-B self-inspection information, and regularly receive the UPS battery self-inspection information sent by the UPS battery, and use the ADS-B self-inspection information, UPS battery self-inspection information The information is sent to the multi-function access device;

The integrated data link radio station is also used to perform self-inspection to obtain self-inspection information of the station, and send the self-inspection information of the station to the multi-function access device;

The multi-functional access device is also used to perform self-inspection to obtain equipment self-inspection information, after combining ADS-B self-inspection information, UPS battery self-inspection information, radio station self-inspection information and equipment self-inspection information according to the preset standard format, Send it to the flight dynamic monitoring terminal through the internal data interface;

The flight dynamic monitoring terminal is also used to obtain the system operation status according to ADS-B self-inspection information, UPS battery self-inspection information, radio station self-inspection information and equipment self-inspection information, and display the system operation status on the visual interface.

Preferably, the flight dynamic monitoring terminal is specifically used to decode and convert the response information into similar ADS-B data, associate the similar ADS-B data corresponding to the same target with radar data and/or ADS-B data to obtain the comprehensive flight information of the aircraft. track, and display the associated and up-to-date integrated track of the aircraft on the visual interface.

Preferably, the flight dynamic monitoring terminal is also used to convert the similar ADS-B data, radar data and ADS-B data from the Cartesian coordinate system to the WGS-84 unified reference coordinate system before associating the similar ADS-B data.

Being different from the situation of the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The present invention adopts the ADS-B ground receiving station and the integrated data link radio station to carry out cooperative monitoring, and sends the monitoring data to the flight dynamic monitoring terminal for processing through the multifunctional access device, so as to solve the problem that the aircraft in the low-altitude airspace without radar coverage cannot be effectively monitored problem, to ensure the safety of low-altitude flight.

2. The present invention integrates the ADS-B ground receiving station, comprehensive monitoring equipment, multi-functional access equipment and UPS battery into the portable device, which has a light structure and is easy to maintain. It can be quickly transported to the designated place by two people on the back or by means of motorized transportation. It can realize the mobile accompanying support in various situations such as emergency, disaster relief and normal flight, etc., and make up for the lack of low-altitude navigation surveillance range of the airport and the inability to enter the mission area at the first time. problems, meet the emergency support needs of major events, and improve the safety of low-altitude flights.

3. The present invention provides independent power supply through UPS batteries, which ensures that the system can support the normal operation of the system when it is accompanied by support in temporary stations or in the field, improves the operating time of the equipment in emergency, rescue and other conditions without external power supply, and improves the air traffic control service guarantee capability .

4. The present invention uses a visual interface to display the flight track of the aircraft, which is convenient for users to quickly start work.

5. The present invention supports the access of the external air traffic control radar system. Through the combined use of radar data, flight target information and response information, multiple coverage of air space monitoring can be realized, the scope of air space monitoring and control can be expanded, and the accuracy of track correlation and flight tracking can be improved. The accuracy of trace fusion is improved, and the probability of false targets is reduced.

6. The present invention supports the cross-linking with the external air traffic control radar system through the external data interface, improves the scalability of the system, and can lead to the radar data of the external air traffic control radar system. When the external air traffic control radar system fails, it can be used as an emergency measure. The safety of various flight activities such as flight training and low-altitude navigation.

7. The flight dynamic monitoring terminal of the present invention not only provides flight dynamic monitoring of aircraft, but also supports early warning functions such as aircraft conflict warning/alarm, ground proximity warning, intrusion into restricted area/dangerous area warning/warning and flight out of mission airspace warning/warning, etc. Reduce the work intensity of air traffic control personnel and improve the safety of low-altitude flight.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a functional block diagram of a cooperative low-altitude airspace target monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a structural design diagram of the portable integrated monitoring module.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the coordinated low-altitude airspace target monitoring system of the embodiment of the present invention comprises a portable integrated monitoring module and a portable flight dynamic monitoring module, and the portable integrated monitoring module includes a first portable device 11, an ADS-B ground receiving station 12, Integrated data link radio station 13 and multifunctional access equipment 14, portable flight dynamic monitoring module includes second portable equipment 21 and flight dynamic monitoring terminal 22, ADS-B ground receiving station 12, integrated data link radio station 13 and multifunctional access equipment 14 is installed in the first portable device 11, the first portable device 11 is provided with an ADS-B antenna 111, a GNSS antenna 112, a radio antenna 113, an internal data interface 114 and an external data interface 115, and the flight dynamic monitoring terminal 22 is installed on the 2. There is a data interaction interface 221 in the portable device 21, and the data interaction interface 221 can be connected with the internal data interface 114;

The ADS-B ground receiving station 12 is used to receive the ADS-B data broadcast by the aircraft through the ADS-B antenna 111 and receive the GPS/Beidou positioning and timing information through the GNSS antenna 112, and send the ADS-B data and GPS/Beidou positioning and timing information to the multifunction access device 14.

The integrated data link radio station 13 is used to send an inquiry signal to the air through the radio antenna 113 and receive the response information issued by the aircraft, and send the response information to the flight dynamic monitoring terminal 22 through the internal data interface 114 . Wherein, the response information includes the coordinates, distance, altitude, batch number, etc. of the aircraft.

The multifunctional access device 14 is used to receive the radar data sent by the external air traffic control radar system through the external data interface 115, and send the radar data and ADS-B data to the flight dynamic monitoring terminal 22 through the internal data interface 114, and according to the GPS/Beidou The positioning and timing information performs unified timing for the ADS-B ground receiving station 12, the integrated data link station 13 and the flight dynamic monitoring terminal 22. Among them, since the clock information used by different data sources is inconsistent, the unified time service can ensure the uniformity of the system time.

The flight dynamic monitoring terminal 22 is used for multi-data fusion of radar data, ADS-B data and response information to obtain a comprehensive flight track of the aircraft, and display the comprehensive flight track of the aircraft on a visual interface. Among them, the most direct reflection of the flight state of the aircraft is the track. Due to the multivariate data fusion, the quality of the final track is not lower than that obtained by processing any data alone.

Among them, ADS-B data can be used to monitor aircraft equipped with on-board ADS-B sending equipment, and response information can be used to monitor specific aircraft dynamically.

In this embodiment, the portable integrated monitoring module also includes a UPS battery 15 , and the UPS battery 15 supplies power for the ADS-B ground receiving station 12 , the integrated data link station 13 and the multifunctional access device 14 .

The first portable device 11 is also provided with a power supply interface 116, the flight dynamic monitoring terminal 22 also has a power supply interface 222, the power supply interface 222 can be connected with the power supply interface 116, and the UPS battery 15 also supplies power for the flight dynamic monitoring terminal 22 through the power supply interface 116.

Further, the first portable device 11 is also provided with a charging interface 117 through which the UPS battery 15 can be connected to AC power for charging, for example, the charging interface 117 is connected to AC mains or a generator.

In order to check the system running status at any time, in this embodiment, the ADS-B ground receiving station 12 is also used to perform self-inspection to obtain ADS-B self-inspection information, and regularly receive the UPS battery self-inspection information sent by the UPS battery 15, and the ADS -B self-inspection information and UPS battery self-inspection information are sent to the multi-function access device 14;

The integrated data link radio station 13 is also used to perform self-inspection to obtain station self-inspection information, and send the station self-inspection information to the multi-function access device 14;

The multi-functional access device 14 is also used to perform self-inspection to obtain equipment self-inspection information. After combining the ADS-B self-inspection information, UPS battery self-inspection information, radio self-inspection information and equipment self-inspection information according to the preset standard format, pass The internal data interface 114 sends to the flight dynamic monitoring terminal 22;

The flight dynamic monitoring terminal 22 is also used to obtain the system operation status according to ADS-B self-inspection information, UPS battery self-inspection information, radio self-inspection information and equipment self-inspection information, and display the system operation status on the visual interface.

The purpose of multivariate data fusion is finally to correlate and fuse the ADS-B track and the radar track. The similar ADS-B data of the target is associated with the radar data and/or ADS-B data to obtain the integrated track of the aircraft, and the associated and latest integrated track of the aircraft is displayed on the visual interface. Specifically, the content of the response information is similar to that of the ADS-B data, including the sending platform number, target identification number, aircraft rectangular coordinates, altitude, speed, and heading, etc. Therefore, in order to facilitate data processing, the response information needs to be decoded Convert to ADS-B similar data.

Further, the flight dynamic monitoring terminal 22 is also used to convert the similar ADS-B data, radar data and ADS-B data from the Cartesian coordinate system to the WGS-84 unified reference coordinate system before associating the similar ADS-B data. Due to the inconsistent coordinate systems used by different data sources, all target information needs to be converted from the local Cartesian coordinate system of each device to the WGS-84 unified reference coordinate system in order to correctly display the remote radar target information.

By the above method, the cooperative low-altitude airspace target monitoring system of the embodiment of the present invention transmits the monitoring data to the flight dynamic monitoring terminal for processing and display through the autonomous monitoring equipment such as the ADS-B ground receiving station and the integrated data link station, and can also communicate with the The airport fixed control center system is connected to realize radar data connection, processing and display, which is convenient for the air traffic control department to grasp the flight dynamics of aircraft in low-altitude airspace in real time, and solves the problem of insufficient monitoring of low-altitude airspace accompanying support such as normal flight, emergency, and rescue.

The above descriptions are only examples of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and changes may be made to the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this application shall be included within the protection scope of this application. It should be noted that like numerals and letters denote similar items in the following figures, therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not require further definition and explanation in subsequent figures.

It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is a relationship between these entities or operations. There is no such actual relationship or order between them. Furthermore, the term "comprises", "comprises" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a set of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes elements not expressly listed. other elements of or also include elements inherent in such a process, method, article, or device. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or apparatus comprising said element.

Claims (6)

1. The collaborative low-altitude airspace target monitoring system is characterized by comprising a portable comprehensive monitoring module and a portable flight dynamic monitoring module, wherein the portable comprehensive monitoring module comprises a first carrying tool, an ADS-B ground receiving station, a comprehensive data link radio station and a multifunctional access device, the portable flight dynamic monitoring module comprises a second carrying tool and a flight dynamic monitoring terminal, the ADS-B ground receiving station, the comprehensive data link radio station and the multifunctional access device are arranged in the first carrying tool, the first carrying tool is provided with an ADS-B antenna, a GNSS antenna, a radio station antenna, an internal data interface and an external data interface, and the flight dynamic monitoring terminal is arranged in the second carrying tool and is provided with a data interaction interface which can be connected with the internal data interface;

the ADS-B ground receiving station is used for receiving ADS-B data broadcast by the aircraft through an ADS-B antenna, receiving GPS/Beidou positioning time service information through a GNSS antenna and sending the ADS-B data and the GPS/Beidou positioning time service information to the multifunctional access equipment;

the comprehensive data link radio station is used for transmitting an inquiry signal to the air through a radio station antenna, receiving response information issued by an aircraft and sending the response information to the flight dynamic monitoring terminal through an internal data interface;

the multifunctional access equipment is used for receiving radar data sent by an external navigation management radar system through an external data interface, sending the radar data and ADS-B data to a flight dynamic monitoring terminal through an internal data interface, and carrying out unified time service on an ADS-B ground receiving station, a comprehensive data link radio station and the flight dynamic monitoring terminal according to GPS/Beidou positioning time service information;

the flight dynamic monitoring terminal is used for carrying out multi-metadata fusion on radar data, ADS-B data and response information to obtain a comprehensive flight path of the aircraft, and is particularly used for decoding and converting the response information into similar ADS-B data, associating the similar ADS-B data corresponding to the same target with the radar data and/or the ADS-B data to obtain the comprehensive flight path of the aircraft, and displaying the associated and latest comprehensive flight path of the aircraft on a visual interface; the response information is similar to the ADS-B data in content, and comprises a sending platform number, a target identification number, rectangular coordinates of an aircraft, altitude, speed and course, and the response information is decoded and converted into similar ADS-B data for conveniently carrying out data processing.

2. The collaborative low altitude airspace target monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the portable comprehensive monitoring module further includes a UPS battery that powers the ADS-B ground receiving station, the comprehensive data link station, and the multifunction access device.

3. The collaborative low altitude airspace target monitoring system of claim 2, wherein the first carrying harness is further provided with a power supply interface, the flight dynamic monitoring terminal is further provided with a power supply interface, the power supply interface is connectable with the power supply interface, and the UPS battery further supplies power to the flight dynamic monitoring terminal through the power supply interface.

4. A collaborative low altitude airspace target monitoring system according to claim 3, wherein the first portable harness is further provided with a charging interface, and the UPS battery is capable of being charged by ac power through the charging interface.

5. The collaborative low-altitude airspace target monitoring system of claim 4, wherein the ADS-B ground receiving station is further configured to perform self-test to obtain ADS-B self-test information, receive UPS battery self-test information sent by a UPS battery at regular time, and send the ADS-B self-test information and the UPS battery self-test information to a multifunctional access device;

the comprehensive data link radio station is also used for performing self-checking to obtain radio station self-checking information, and the radio station self-checking information is sent to the multifunctional access equipment;

the multifunctional access equipment is also used for carrying out self-checking to obtain equipment self-checking information, and the ADS-B self-checking information, the UPS battery self-checking information, the radio station self-checking information and the equipment self-checking information are combined according to a preset standard format and then sent to the flying dynamic monitoring terminal through an internal data interface;

the flight dynamic monitoring terminal is also used for obtaining the system running state according to the ADS-B self-checking information, the UPS battery self-checking information, the radio station self-checking information and the equipment self-checking information and displaying the system running state on the visual interface.

6. The collaborative low altitude airspace target monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the flight dynamics monitoring terminal is further configured to convert similar ADS-B data, radar data, and ADS-B data from a rectangular coordinate system to a WGS-84 unified reference coordinate system prior to correlating the similar ADS-B data.

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