CN112647931A - Underground accident detection device and method in geological drilling process - Google Patents
Underground accident detection device and method in geological drilling process Download PDFInfo
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- CN112647931A CN112647931A CN202011591729.2A CN202011591729A CN112647931A CN 112647931 A CN112647931 A CN 112647931A CN 202011591729 A CN202011591729 A CN 202011591729A CN 112647931 A CN112647931 A CN 112647931A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/01—Devices for supporting measuring instruments on drill bits, pipes, rods or wirelines; Protecting measuring instruments in boreholes against heat, shock, pressure or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
- E21B47/14—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices Characterised By Use Of Acoustic Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for detecting underground accidents in the geological drilling process. Firstly, a small-size cable-free underground instrument is adopted to measure the distance from an ultrasonic transducer to a fish falling fracture surface, the diameter of a well wall, the fracture surface and an ultrasonic image of the well wall, and meanwhile, a pressure balancing device is designed to improve the pressure resistance degree of the ultrasonic transducer by considering that the ultrasonic transducer is in direct contact with slurry during working. Secondly, a depth measuring unit is additionally arranged in the aboveground rope coring equipment to detect the depth of the fish from the ground, and in addition, under the condition of considering the influence of the tension of a steel wire rope of the winch, a high-precision fitting algorithm is adopted to correct the depth measuring data. And finally, calculating the fracture surface shape of the underground drilling tool, the diameter of the well wall, the depth from the underground fracture drilling tool to the ground and the three-dimensional ultrasonic images of the fracture surface and the well wall by using a high-performance calculation workstation and detection software.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geological exploration, in particular to a device and a method for detecting underground accidents in a geological drilling process.
Background
Complex geomechanical environments such as high temperature, high pressure, high and steep structure and the like exist in the geological drilling process, and drilling accidents such as drilling tool breakage, diameter exceeding and the like are easy to occur. The shape and the hole diameter of a fracture surface are difficult to judge by field workers, fishing operation tools are mainly selected according to experience, and the problems of low fishing operation efficiency and high safety risk exist.
Therefore, the geological drilling engineering has an urgent need for an underground accident detection device which can realize the detection of the fracture surface shape of the underground drilling tool, the diameter of the well wall, the depth from the underground fracture drilling tool to the ground and the three-dimensional ultrasonic image display function of the fracture surface and the well wall. The invention aims to design an underground accident detection device in the geological drilling process, which consists of an underground instrument, a depth measurement unit, a high-performance computing workstation and detection software, can effectively overcome the adverse effect caused by drilling accidents, and lays a solid foundation for the improvement of the drilling efficiency and the construction safety.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a device and a method for detecting an underground accident in a geological drilling process, the device comprises a battery pack, a circuit board, a motor, a rotating shaft, a combined sealing ring, a first ultrasonic transducer, a second ultrasonic transducer, a first instrument outer tube, a second instrument outer tube and a third instrument outer tube; the lower end of the rotating shaft is provided with a first ultrasonic transducer and a second ultrasonic transducer; the battery pack, the circuit board, the motor, the rotating shaft and the combined sealing ring are sequentially connected from top to bottom;
the battery pack is nested inside the outer tube of the first instrument; the circuit board is nested inside the outer tube of the second instrument; the motor, the rotating shaft, the combined sealing ring, the first ultrasonic transducer and the second ultrasonic transducer are nested inside an outer tube of a third instrument;
the lower side surface of the first instrument outer tube is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the second instrument outer tube; and the lower side surface of the second instrument outer tube is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the third instrument outer tube.
A geological drilling process downhole accident detection method is applied to the geological drilling process downhole accident detection device and comprises the following steps:
s1, after the underground accident detection device is lowered to a distance above the fracture position of the underground drilling tool through a winch, the underground accident detection device is started;
s2, the motor drives the ultrasonic transducer to rotate 360 degrees in all directions through the rotating shaft, the data of the fracture surface of the underground drilling tool are detected, and after the underground accident detection device finishes detection, the underground accident detection device is lifted to the ground through a winch to be taken down;
s3, installing the depth measuring unit in the wire line coring equipment on the well, and converting the angular displacement into the vertical linear displacement of the steel wire rope by using an angle encoder of the depth measuring unit so as to measure the depth from the underground accident detecting device to the ground;
s4, after the depth measurement unit finishes distance detection, the depth measurement unit is taken down from the aboveground rope coring equipment, and the depth measurement data in the S3 are corrected by adopting a high-precision fitting algorithm;
s5, communicating the underground accident detection device, the depth measurement unit, the high-performance calculation workstation and the detection software through serial ports, and processing the data measured by the underground accident detection device in the step S2 and the data measured by the corrected depth measurement unit in the step S4 by using the detection software, so that the shape of the fracture surface of the underground drilling tool, the diameter of the well wall, the depth of the fractured drilling tool to the ground and the three-dimensional ultrasonic images of the fracture surface and the well wall are displayed on the calculation workstation.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the invention firstly considers the influence of complex geological environment (high temperature, high pressure, high and steep structure, drilling disturbance and the like) and the self requirement (cost, reliability, compactness and the like) of the device, adopts a small-size cable-free underground instrument to detect the distance from the ultrasonic transducer to the broken surface of the fish falling, the diameter of the well wall, the broken surface and the ultrasonic image of the well wall, and can effectively reduce the cost and improve the safety and the transmission reliability. In addition, considering that the ultrasonic transducer is directly contacted with the slurry in operation, a pressure balancing device is designed to improve the pressure resistance degree of the ultrasonic transducer;
(2) the invention relates to a device and a method for detecting underground accidents in the geological drilling process.A depth measuring unit (comprising an angle encoder) is additionally arranged in an aboveground rope coring device so as to measure the depth between an underground instrument and the ground, and meanwhile, a high-precision fitting algorithm is utilized to correct depth measuring data, so that the measuring error is reduced to the lowest extent, and the distance between the underground instrument and the ground is accurately measured;
(3) the invention relates to a device and a method for detecting underground accidents in the geological drilling process. And processing the data measured by the downhole instrument and the depth measuring unit by using detection software, so that the fracture surface shape of the downhole drilling tool, the diameter of the well wall, the depth of the fractured drilling tool to the ground and the three-dimensional ultrasonic images of the fracture surface and the well wall are displayed on a computing workstation. And simultaneously, a correlation algorithm is designed to realize the space-time matching of the four data and the high-precision calculation of the fracture surface shape and the ultrasonic image.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a geological drilling process downhole incident detection apparatus and method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a two-dimensional view of a rotating shaft and an ultrasonic transducer;
FIG. 3 is a pictorial view of the downhole drilling tool after it has been fished to the surface.
In the figure: 1-a battery pack, 2-a circuit board, 3-a first connecting bolt, 4-a first thread groove, 5-a second thread groove, 6-a second connecting bolt, 7-a third thread groove, 8-a clamp, 9-a fourth thread groove, 10-a third connecting bolt, 11-a fifth thread groove, 12-a motor, 13-a coupler, 14-a rotating shaft, 151-a first ultrasonic transducer, 152-a second ultrasonic transducer, 16-a first bearing, 17-a shaft sleeve, 18-a slip ring, 19-a second bearing, 20-a second bearing end cover, 21-a first bearing end cover, 22-a combined sealing ring, 23-a first instrument outer tube, 24-a second instrument outer tube and 25-a third instrument outer tube.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a device and a method for detecting downhole accidents during geological drilling,
a geological drilling process downhole accident detection device comprises a battery pack 1, a circuit board 2, a motor 12, a rotating shaft 14, a combined sealing ring 22, a first ultrasonic transducer 151, a second ultrasonic transducer 152, a first instrument outer tube 23, a second instrument outer tube 24 and a third instrument outer tube 25; a first ultrasonic transducer 151 and a second ultrasonic transducer 152 are arranged at the lower end of the rotating shaft 14; the battery pack 1, the circuit board 2, the motor 12, the rotating shaft 14 and the combined sealing ring 22 are sequentially connected from top to bottom;
the battery pack 1 is nested inside the outer tube 23 of the first instrument; the circuit board 2 is nested inside the second instrument outer tube 24; the motor 12, the rotating shaft 14, the combined sealing ring 22, the first ultrasonic transducer 151 and the second ultrasonic transducer 152 are nested inside the third instrument outer tube 25;
the lower side surface of the first instrument outer tube 23 is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the second instrument outer tube 24; the lower side surface of the second instrument outer tube 24 is screwed with the inner wall of the third instrument outer tube 25.
The bottom end of the battery pack 1 is provided with a first thread groove 4 matched with the first connecting bolt 3, and the top end of the circuit board 2 is provided with a second thread groove 5 matched with the first connecting bolt 3; the first connecting bolt 3 fixedly connects the bottom end of the battery pack 1 and the top end of the circuit board 2.
The bottom end of the circuit board 2 is provided with a third thread groove 7 matched with the second connecting bolt 6, and the top end of the clamp 8 is provided with a fourth thread groove 9 matched with the second connecting bolt 6; the second connecting bolt 6 fixedly connects the bottom end of the circuit board 2 with the top end of the hoop 8; and a fifth thread groove 11 matched with the third bolt 10 is formed in one side of the clamp 8.
The third connecting bolt 10 fixedly installs the hoop 8 and the top of the motor 12; a motor shaft of the motor 12 is connected with a coupler 13; the bottom end of the coupler 13 is fixedly connected with the top end of the rotating shaft 14; the rotating shaft 14 is spliced with a first bearing 16; the first bearing 16 is connected with a shaft sleeve 17; the shaft sleeve 17 is connected with a slip ring 18; the slip ring 18 is spliced with the second bearing 19; the second bearing 19 is nested with a second bearing end cap 20; the first bearing 16 is nested with a first bearing end cover 21; the cylindrical groove portion of the rotary shaft 14 is closely contacted with the composite seal ring 22.
The rotating shaft 14 is a straight rod type rotating shaft and is formed by seamlessly connecting three parts, namely a cylindrical thin straight rod, a drum shape and a column shape, and the first bearing 16 and the second bearing 19 are conical roller bearings.
The first ultrasonic transducer 151 is a flat-type ultrasonic transducer, and the second ultrasonic transducer 152 is a focusing type ultrasonic transducer, and both are cylindrical in shape.
The battery pack 1 and the motor 12 are cylindrical and have the characteristics of high temperature resistance of 160 ℃ and high pressure resistance of 20 MPa.
The circuit board 2 is a double-layer structure, and two sides and the middle of the circuit board are respectively in a circular ring shape and a rectangular shape and are parallel to each other.
A geological drilling process downhole accident detection method is applied to the geological drilling process downhole accident detection device and comprises the following steps:
s1, after the underground accident detection device is lowered to a distance above the fracture position of the underground drilling tool through a winch, the underground accident detection device is started;
s2, the motor drives the ultrasonic transducer to rotate 360 degrees in all directions through the rotating shaft, the data of the fracture surface of the underground drilling tool are detected, and after the underground accident detection device finishes detection, the underground accident detection device is lifted to the ground through a winch to be taken down;
s3, installing the depth measuring unit in the wire line coring equipment on the well, and converting the angular displacement into the vertical linear displacement of the steel wire rope by using an angle encoder of the depth measuring unit so as to measure the depth from the underground accident detecting device to the ground;
s4, after the depth measurement unit finishes distance detection, the depth measurement unit is taken down from the aboveground rope coring equipment, and the depth measurement data in the S3 are corrected by adopting a high-precision fitting algorithm;
s5, communicating the underground accident detection device, the depth measurement unit, the high-performance calculation workstation and the detection software through serial ports, and processing the data measured by the underground accident detection device in the step S2 and the data measured by the corrected depth measurement unit in the step S4 by using the detection software, so that the shape of the fracture surface of the underground drilling tool, the diameter of the well wall, the depth of the fractured drilling tool to the ground and the three-dimensional ultrasonic images of the fracture surface and the well wall are displayed on the calculation workstation.
Referring to fig. 2, the ultrasonic transducers include a focusing ultrasonic transducer and a flat-jet ultrasonic transducer, the focusing ultrasonic transducer is configured correspondingly according to different drill rod sizes, so as to be beneficial to detecting the shape of the fracture surface of the downhole drilling tool and obtaining distance measurement data from a plurality of groups of ultrasonic transducers to the fracture surface of the downhole drilling tool, and the flat-jet ultrasonic transducer is designed to be vertical to the well wall and used for detecting the diameter of the well wall, the fracture surface and an ultrasonic image of the well wall and sensing an over-diameter phenomenon; and finally, accurately salvaging the fish falling in the well according to the acquired related information, referring to the graph 3, and observing the change trend of the diameter of the well wall and the image so as to prevent drilling accidents such as over-diameter and the like.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The underground accident detection device in the geological drilling process is characterized by comprising a battery pack (1), a circuit board (2), a motor (12), a rotating shaft (14), a combined sealing ring (22), a first ultrasonic transducer (151), a second ultrasonic transducer (152), a first instrument outer tube (23), a second instrument outer tube (24) and a third instrument outer tube (25); a first ultrasonic transducer (151) and a second ultrasonic transducer (152) are arranged at the lower end of the rotating shaft (14); the battery pack (1), the circuit board (2), the motor (12), the rotating shaft (14) and the combined sealing ring (22) are sequentially connected from top to bottom;
the battery pack (1) is nested inside the outer tube (23) of the first instrument; the circuit board (2) is nested inside the second instrument outer tube (24); the motor (12), the rotating shaft (14), the combined sealing ring (22), the first ultrasonic transducer (151) and the second ultrasonic transducer (152) are nested inside a third instrument outer tube (25);
the lower side surface of the first instrument outer tube (23) is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the second instrument outer tube (24); the lower side surface of the second instrument outer tube (24) is in threaded connection with the inner wall of a third instrument outer tube (25).
2. The underground accident detection device in geological drilling process according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom end of the battery pack (1) is provided with a first thread groove (4) adapted to the first connecting bolt (3), and the top end of the circuit board (2) is provided with a second thread groove (5) adapted to the first connecting bolt (3); the bottom end of the battery pack (1) and the top end of the circuit board (2) are fixedly connected through the first connecting bolt (3).
3. The underground accident detection device in the geological drilling process according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom end of the circuit board (2) is provided with a third thread groove (7) matched with the second connecting bolt (6), and the top end of the clamp (8) is provided with a fourth thread groove (9) matched with the second connecting bolt (6); the second connecting bolt (6) fixedly connects the bottom end of the circuit board (2) and the top end of the clamp (8); and a fifth thread groove (11) matched with the third bolt (10) is formed in one side of the clamp (8).
4. A geological drilling process downhole accident detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that a third connecting bolt (10) fixedly mounts the yoke (8) with the top of the motor (12); a motor shaft of the motor (12) is connected with the coupling (13); the bottom end of the coupler (13) is fixedly connected with the top end of the rotating shaft (14); the rotating shaft (14) is spliced with a first bearing (16); the first bearing (16) is connected with the shaft sleeve (17); the shaft sleeve (17) is connected with a slip ring (18); the slip ring (18) is spliced with a second bearing (19); the second bearing (19) is nested with a second bearing end cover (20); the first bearing (16) is nested with a first bearing end cover (21); the cylindrical groove part of the rotating shaft (14) is tightly connected with the combined sealing ring (22).
5. The underground accident detection device during geological drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotating shaft (14) is a straight rod type rotating shaft, which is formed by seamless connection of three parts of a cylindrical thin straight rod, a drum shape and a column shape, and the first bearing (16) and the second bearing (19) are conical roller bearings.
6. A geological drilling process downhole incident detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that said first ultrasonic transducer (151) is a flat-type ultrasonic transducer and said second ultrasonic transducer (152) is a focused type ultrasonic transducer, all being cylindrical in shape.
7. The underground accident detection device during geological drilling process according to claim 1, characterized in that the battery pack (1) and the motor (12) are cylindrical and have the characteristics of high temperature resistance of 160 ℃ and high pressure resistance of 20 Mpa.
8. A geological drilling process downhole event detection device according to claim 1, characterized by: the circuit board (2) is of a double-layer structure, and the two sides and the middle of the circuit board are respectively in a circular ring shape and a rectangular shape and are parallel to each other.
9. A geological drilling process downhole accident detection method applied to the geological drilling process downhole accident detection device according to claims 1-8, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, after the underground accident detection device is lowered to a distance above the fracture position of the underground drilling tool through a winch, the underground accident detection device is started;
s2, the motor drives the ultrasonic transducer to rotate 360 degrees in all directions through the rotating shaft, the data of the fracture surface of the underground drilling tool are detected, and after the underground accident detection device finishes detection, the underground accident detection device is lifted to the ground through a winch to be taken down;
s3, installing the depth measuring unit in the wire line coring equipment on the well, and converting the angular displacement into the vertical linear displacement of the steel wire rope by using an angle encoder of the depth measuring unit so as to measure the depth from the underground accident detecting device to the ground;
s4, after the depth measurement unit finishes distance detection, the depth measurement unit is taken down from the aboveground rope coring equipment, and the depth measurement data in the S3 are corrected by adopting a high-precision fitting algorithm;
s5, communicating the underground accident detection device, the depth measurement unit, the high-performance calculation workstation and the detection software through serial ports, and processing the data measured by the underground accident detection device in the step S2 and the data measured by the corrected depth measurement unit in the step S4 by using the detection software, so that the shape of the fracture surface of the underground drilling tool, the diameter of the well wall, the depth of the fractured drilling tool to the ground and the three-dimensional ultrasonic images of the fracture surface and the well wall are displayed on the calculation workstation.
10. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the ultrasonic transducers comprise a focusing ultrasonic transducer and a flat-fire ultrasonic transducer, the focusing ultrasonic transducer is configured according to different drill rod sizes to facilitate detecting the shape of the fracture surface of the downhole drilling tool, obtaining distance measurement data from a plurality of groups of ultrasonic transducers to the fracture surface of the fish, and the flat-fire ultrasonic transducer is designed to be perpendicular to the borehole wall and used for detecting ultrasonic images of the borehole wall diameter, the fracture surface and the borehole wall and sensing an over-diameter phenomenon.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114542917A (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2022-05-27 | 甘肃省有色金属地质勘查局兰州矿产勘查院 | Ore composition detection device |
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