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CN112485914B - Dual-view 3D display device based on stepped gradient pitch polarizing grating - Google Patents

Dual-view 3D display device based on stepped gradient pitch polarizing grating Download PDF

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CN112485914B
CN112485914B CN202110027688.2A CN202110027688A CN112485914B CN 112485914 B CN112485914 B CN 112485914B CN 202110027688 A CN202110027688 A CN 202110027688A CN 112485914 B CN112485914 B CN 112485914B
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pitch
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pinhole array
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CN112485914A (en
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吴非
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Sichuan Zhihuitong Technology Co ltd
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Chengdu Univeristy of Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/22Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type
    • G02B30/25Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type using polarisation techniques
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/30Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers
    • G02B30/32Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers characterised by the geometry of the parallax barriers, e.g. staggered barriers, slanted parallax arrays or parallax arrays of varying shape or size
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/34Stereoscopes providing a stereoscopic pair of separated images corresponding to parallactically displaced views of the same object, e.g. three-dimensional [3D] slide viewers

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了基于阶梯渐变节距偏振光栅的双视3D显示装置,包括显示屏,阶梯渐变节距偏振光栅,阶梯渐变节距针孔阵列,偏振眼镜I和偏振眼镜II;位于阶梯渐变节距针孔阵列同一列的针孔的水平节距相同;位于阶梯渐变节距针孔阵列中心的连续多列针孔的水平节距相同;图像元I通过与其对应的光栅单元I和针孔重建出3D图像I;图像元II通过与其对应的光栅单元II和针孔重建出3D图像II;偏振眼镜I的偏振方向与光栅单元I的偏振方向相同,偏振眼镜II的偏振方向与光栅单元II的偏振方向相同;通过偏振眼镜I只能看到3D图像I,通过偏振眼镜II只能看到3D图像II。

The invention discloses a dual-view 3D display device based on a step gradient pitch polarizing grating, which includes a display screen, a step gradient pitch polarizing grating, a step gradient pitch pinhole array, polarizing glasses I and polarizing glasses II; located at the step gradient pitch The horizontal pitch of pinholes in the same column of the pinhole array is the same; the horizontal pitch of consecutive multiple columns of pinholes located in the center of the stepped gradient pitch pinhole array is the same; the image element I is reconstructed through its corresponding grating unit I and pinhole 3D image I; image element II reconstructs 3D image II through its corresponding grating unit II and pinhole; the polarization direction of polarized glasses I is the same as the polarization direction of grating unit I, and the polarization direction of polarized glasses II is the same as the polarization direction of grating unit II. The directions are the same; only 3D image I can be seen through polarized glasses I, and only 3D image II can be seen through polarized glasses II.

Description

Double-vision 3D display device based on stepped gradient pitch polarization grating
Technical Field
The present invention relates to 3D displays, and more particularly, to dual vision 3D display devices based on stepped graded pitch polarization gratings.
Background
The integrated imaging dual-view 3D display is a fusion of the dual-view display technology and the integrated imaging 3D display technology. It may enable a viewer to see different 3D pictures in different viewing directions. However, conventional integrated imaging dual vision 3D displays suffer from the disadvantage of having two separate viewing zones. The need for a viewer to move the viewing position to see another picture has limited to a certain extent the use of integrated imaging dual vision 3D displays in home entertainment and medical devices. Two different 3D pictures can be separated by adopting the polarization grating and matched polarization glasses, and a viewer can see different 3D pictures by switching different polarization glasses.
The traditional integrated imaging double-vision 3D display device based on the graded pitch polarization grating has the advantages of wide viewing angle and the like. However, conventional integrated imaging dual vision 3D display devices based on graded-pitch polarization gratings mainly suffer from the following drawbacks:
(1) The horizontal pitch of adjacent pinholes in a graded pitch pinhole array varies in an equal ratio relationship, resulting in manufacturing difficulties and high costs for graded pitch pinhole arrays.
(2) The pitches of the grating units I and II in the graded-pitch polarization grating are equal to the horizontal pitches of the pinholes corresponding to the grating units I and II, so that the pitches of adjacent grating units change in an equal ratio relationship, thereby causing the manufacturing difficulty and the cost of the graded-pitch polarization grating to be high.
(3) The horizontal resolution of the integrated imaging dual vision 3D display device is equal to the number of pinholes in the horizontal direction of the graded pitch pinhole array. Thus, the greater the horizontal resolution, the greater the difficulty and cost of manufacturing a graded pitch pinhole array.
(4) The number of grating elements in the horizontal direction of the graded pitch polarization grating is equal to the number of pinholes in the horizontal direction of the graded pitch pinhole array. Thus, the greater the horizontal resolution, the greater the difficulty and cost of manufacturing a graded-pitch polarization grating.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a double-vision 3D display device based on a step-gradient pitch polarization grating, which is shown in figures 1, 2 and 3 and is characterized by comprising a display screen, a step-gradient pitch polarization grating, a step-gradient pitch pinhole array, polarized glasses I and polarized glasses II; the display screen is provided with a step-gradient pitch polarization grating and a step-gradient pitch pinhole array which are arranged in parallel and aligned correspondingly; the step-gradient pitch polarization grating is attached to the display screen and positioned between the display screen and the step-gradient pitch pinhole array; the horizontal pitches of pinholes in the same row of the stepped gradual change pitch pinhole array are the same; the horizontal pitches of the continuous multiple rows of pinholes positioned in the center of the stepped gradual change pitch pinhole array are the same; step-by-step pitch pinhole arrayiHorizontal pitch of pin holesP i Calculated from the following formula
(1)
Wherein,pis the horizontal pitch of a plurality of continuous columns of pinholes with the same horizontal pitch at the center of the stepped taper pitch pinhole array,mis the number of pinholes in the horizontal direction of the stepped taper pitch pinhole array,ais the number of columns of continuous multiple columns of pinholes of the same horizontal pitch at the center of the stepped taper pitch pinhole array,lis the viewing distance of the object to be viewed,gis the distance between the display screen and the stepped gradual change pitch pinhole array; as shown in fig. 4, the step-graded pitch polarization grating is formed by alternately arranging grating units I and II in the horizontal direction, wherein the polarization direction of the grating unit I is orthogonal to that of the grating unit II; the display screen is used for displaying the step-by-step gradient pitch micro-image array; as shown in fig. 5, the step-graded pitch micro-image array includes an image element I and an image element II; the horizontal pitch of the image element I is equal to the horizontal pitch of the corresponding pinhole; the horizontal pitch of the image element II is equal to the horizontal pitch of the corresponding pinhole; a plurality of image elements I which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction and a plurality of pinholes which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction are correspondingly aligned with the same grating unit I; a plurality of image elements II which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction and a plurality of pinholes which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction are correspondingly aligned with the same grating unit II; reconstructing a 3D image I by the image element I through the grating unit I and the pinhole corresponding to the image element I; reconstructing a 3D image II by the image element II through the grating unit II and the pinhole corresponding to the image element II; the polarization direction of the polarized glasses I is the same as that of the grating unit I, and the polarization direction of the polarized glasses II is the same as that of the grating unit II; only the 3D image I can be seen through the polarization glasses I and only the 3D image II can be seen through the polarization glasses II.
Preferably, the horizontal widths of the display screen, the step-gradient pitch polarization grating and the step-gradient pitch pinhole array are equal, and the vertical widths of the display screen, the step-gradient pitch polarization grating and the step-gradient pitch pinhole array are equal.
Preferably, the number of pinholes continuously arranged in the horizontal direction corresponding to the same grating unit I is equal to half the number of columns of continuous multiple columns of pinholes with the same horizontal pitch at the center of the stepped gradient pitch pinhole array; the number of pinholes continuously arranged in the horizontal direction corresponding to the same grating unit II is equal to half the number of columns of continuous multiple columns of pinholes of the same horizontal pitch at the center of the stepped taper pitch pinhole array.
Preferably, the number of columns of grating units in the step-graded pitch polarization gratingtCalculated from the following formula
(2)
Step-graded pitch polarization gratingjPitch of column grating unitsS j Calculated from the following formula
(3)
Wherein,P i is the first in the pinhole array with stepped gradual change pitchiThe horizontal pitch of the pin holes of the columns,mis the number of pinholes in the horizontal direction of the stepped taper pitch pinhole array,ais the number of columns of successive columns of pinholes of the same horizontal pitch centered in the stepped taper pitch pinhole array.
Preferably, the horizontal viewing angle of the 3D image I is the same as that of the 3D image II; horizontal viewing angle of 3D image I and 3D image IIθ 1 Calculated from the following formula
(4)
Wherein,P i is the first in the pinhole array with stepped gradual change pitchiThe horizontal pitch of the pin holes of the columns,P 1 is the horizontal pitch of the first row of pinholes of the stepped taper pitch pinhole array,wis the aperture width of the pinhole,mis the number of pinholes in the horizontal direction of the stepped taper pitch pinhole array,ais the number of columns of continuous multiple columns of pinholes with the same horizontal pitch at the center of the stepped gradual change pitch pinhole array,lIs the viewing distance of the object to be viewed,gis the distance between the display screen and the stepped gradual change pitch pinhole array.
Preferably, the vertical pitch of the pinholes, picture elements I and picture elements II are all the same.
Preferably, the vertical viewing angle of the 3D image I is the same as that of the 3D image II; vertical viewing angle of 3D image I and 3D image IIθ 2 Calculated from the following formula
(5)
Wherein,qis the vertical pitch of the pinholes,wis the aperture width of the pinhole,lis the viewing distance of the object to be viewed,gis the distance between the display screen and the stepped gradual change pitch pinhole array,nis the number of pinholes in the vertical direction of the stepped taper pitch pinhole array.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure and parameters in the horizontal direction of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of parameters of the invention in the vertical direction of the pixel I and the grating unit I
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing parameters of the image element II and the grating unit II in the vertical direction
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a step-graded-pitch polarization grating according to the present invention
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a step-by-step graded pitch micro image array according to the present invention
The graphic reference numerals in the above figures are:
1. the display screen, 2, the step-by-step pitch polarization grating, 3, the step-by-step pitch pinhole array, 4, the polarization glasses I,5, the polarization glasses II,6, the grating unit I, 7, the grating unit II,8, the image element I, 9, the image element II.
It should be understood that the above-described figures are merely schematic and are not drawn to scale.
Detailed Description
An exemplary embodiment of a dual vision 3D display device based on a stepped graded-pitch polarization grating of the present invention will be described in detail below, and the present invention will be described in further detail. It is noted that the following examples are given for the purpose of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, since numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the invention will be within the scope of the invention as viewed by one skilled in the art from the foregoing disclosure.
The invention provides a double-vision 3D display device based on a step-gradient pitch polarization grating, which is shown in figures 1, 2 and 3 and is characterized by comprising a display screen, a step-gradient pitch polarization grating, a step-gradient pitch pinhole array, polarized glasses I and polarized glasses II; the display screen is provided with a step-gradient pitch polarization grating and a step-gradient pitch pinhole array which are arranged in parallel and aligned correspondingly; the step-gradient pitch polarization grating is attached to the display screen and positioned between the display screen and the step-gradient pitch pinhole array; the horizontal pitches of pinholes in the same row of the stepped gradual change pitch pinhole array are the same; the horizontal pitches of the continuous multiple rows of pinholes positioned in the center of the stepped gradual change pitch pinhole array are the same; step-by-step pitch pinhole arrayiHorizontal pitch of pin holesP i Calculated from the following formula
(1)
Wherein,pis the horizontal pitch of a plurality of continuous columns of pinholes with the same horizontal pitch at the center of the stepped taper pitch pinhole array,mis the number of pinholes in the horizontal direction of the stepped taper pitch pinhole array,ais the number of columns of continuous multiple columns of pinholes of the same horizontal pitch at the center of the stepped taper pitch pinhole array,lis the viewing distance of the object to be viewed,gis the distance between the display screen and the stepped gradual change pitch pinhole array; as shown in fig. 4, the step-graded pitch polarization grating is formed by alternately arranging grating units I and II in the horizontal direction, wherein the polarization direction of the grating unit I is orthogonal to that of the grating unit II; the display screen is used for displaying the step-by-step gradient pitch micro-image array; as shown in FIG. 5, the step-graded pitch microimage array includes image elementsI and picture element II; the horizontal pitch of the image element I is equal to the horizontal pitch of the corresponding pinhole; the horizontal pitch of the image element II is equal to the horizontal pitch of the corresponding pinhole; a plurality of image elements I which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction and a plurality of pinholes which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction are correspondingly aligned with the same grating unit I; a plurality of image elements II which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction and a plurality of pinholes which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction are correspondingly aligned with the same grating unit II; reconstructing a 3D image I by the image element I through the grating unit I and the pinhole corresponding to the image element I; reconstructing a 3D image II by the image element II through the grating unit II and the pinhole corresponding to the image element II; the polarization direction of the polarized glasses I is the same as that of the grating unit I, and the polarization direction of the polarized glasses II is the same as that of the grating unit II; only the 3D image I can be seen through the polarization glasses I and only the 3D image II can be seen through the polarization glasses II.
Preferably, the horizontal widths of the display screen, the step-gradient pitch polarization grating and the step-gradient pitch pinhole array are equal, and the vertical widths of the display screen, the step-gradient pitch polarization grating and the step-gradient pitch pinhole array are equal.
Preferably, the number of pinholes continuously arranged in the horizontal direction corresponding to the same grating unit I is equal to half the number of columns of continuous multiple columns of pinholes with the same horizontal pitch at the center of the stepped gradient pitch pinhole array; the number of pinholes continuously arranged in the horizontal direction corresponding to the same grating unit II is equal to half the number of columns of continuous multiple columns of pinholes of the same horizontal pitch at the center of the stepped taper pitch pinhole array.
Preferably, the number of columns of grating units in the step-graded pitch polarization gratingtCalculated from the following formula
(2)
Step-graded pitch polarization gratingjPitch of column grating unitsS j Calculated from the following formula
(3)
Wherein,P i is the first in the pinhole array with stepped gradual change pitchiThe horizontal pitch of the pin holes of the columns,mis the number of pinholes in the horizontal direction of the stepped taper pitch pinhole array,ais the number of columns of successive columns of pinholes of the same horizontal pitch centered in the stepped taper pitch pinhole array.
Preferably, the horizontal viewing angle of the 3D image I is the same as that of the 3D image II; horizontal viewing angle of 3D image I and 3D image IIθ 1 Calculated from the following formula
(4)
Wherein,P i is the first in the pinhole array with stepped gradual change pitchiThe horizontal pitch of the pin holes of the columns,P 1 is the horizontal pitch of the first row of pinholes of the stepped taper pitch pinhole array,wis the aperture width of the pinhole,mis the number of pinholes in the horizontal direction of the stepped taper pitch pinhole array,ais the number of columns of continuous multiple columns of pinholes of the same horizontal pitch at the center of the stepped taper pitch pinhole array,lis the viewing distance of the object to be viewed,gis the distance between the display screen and the stepped gradual change pitch pinhole array.
Preferably, the vertical pitch of the pinholes, picture elements I and picture elements II are all the same.
Preferably, the vertical viewing angle of the 3D image I is the same as that of the 3D image II; vertical viewing angle of 3D image I and 3D image IIθ 2 Calculated from the following formula
(5)
Wherein,qis the vertical pitch of the pinholes,wis the aperture width of the pinhole,lis the viewing distance of the object to be viewed,gis the distance between the display screen and the stepped gradual change pitch pinhole array,nis the number of pinholes in the vertical direction of the stepped taper pitch pinhole array.
The horizontal pitch of the continuous multiple rows of pinholes with the same horizontal pitch at the center of the stepped gradual change pitch pinhole array ispThe number of pinholes in the horizontal direction of the stepped graded pitch pinhole array is =10mmmThe number of pinholes in the vertical direction of the stepped graded pitch pinhole array is =12n10, the number of columns of consecutive multiple columns of pinholes of the same horizontal pitch centered on the stepped taper pitch pinhole array isa=4, viewing distance oflThe distance between the display screen and the stepped gradient pitch pinhole array is 810mmg10mm, pinhole aperture width ofw=2mm, vertical pitch of pinholes isq=10mm. Obtained according to the formula (1), the horizontal pitches of the 1 st to 12 th row pinhole arrays in the step-by-step gradient pitch pinhole arrays are respectively 11mm, 11mm 11mm, 10mm 10mm, 11mm; the number of columns of grating units in the step-graded pitch polarization grating is 6 according to the formula (2); according to the formula (3), the pitches of the 1 st to 6 th columns of grating units in the step-graded pitch polarization grating are respectively 22mm, 20mm, 22mm and 22mm; the horizontal viewing angle of the 3D image I and the 3D image II is 48 degrees according to the formula (4); the vertical viewing angle of the 3D image I and the 3D image II is 44 ° according to formula (5).

Claims (4)

1. The double-vision 3D display device based on the step-gradient pitch polarization grating is characterized by comprising a display screen, the step-gradient pitch polarization grating, a step-gradient pitch pinhole array, polarized glasses I and polarized glasses II; the display screen is provided with a step-gradient pitch polarization grating and a step-gradient pitch pinhole array which are arranged in parallel and aligned correspondingly; the step-gradient pitch polarization grating is attached to the display screen and positioned between the display screen and the step-gradient pitch pinhole array; the horizontal widths of the display screen, the step-gradient pitch polarization grating and the step-gradient pitch pinhole array are equal, and the vertical widths of the display screen, the step-gradient pitch polarization grating and the step-gradient pitch pinhole array are equal; pinhole array with stepped gradual change pitchThe horizontal pitch of pinholes in the same column is the same; the horizontal pitches of the continuous multiple rows of pinholes positioned in the center of the stepped gradual change pitch pinhole array are the same; horizontal pitch P of ith row of pinholes in stepped graded pitch pinhole array i Calculated from the following formula
Wherein the floor function is a downward rounding function, p is the horizontal pitch of continuous multiple rows of pinholes with the same horizontal pitch at the center of the stepped gradient pitch pinhole array, m is the number of pinholes in the horizontal direction of the stepped gradient pitch pinhole array, a is the number of columns of continuous multiple rows of pinholes with the same horizontal pitch at the center of the stepped gradient pitch pinhole array, l is the viewing distance, and g is the distance between the display screen and the stepped gradient pitch pinhole array; the step-by-step pitch polarization grating is formed by alternately arranging grating units I and grating units II in the horizontal direction, and the polarization direction of the grating unit I is orthogonal to that of the grating unit II; the display screen is used for displaying the step-by-step gradient pitch micro-image array; the step-by-step gradient pitch micro-image array comprises an image element I and an image element II; the horizontal pitch of the image element I is equal to the horizontal pitch of the corresponding pinhole; the horizontal pitch of the image element II is equal to the horizontal pitch of the corresponding pinhole; a plurality of image elements I which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction and a plurality of pinholes which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction are correspondingly aligned with the same grating unit I; a plurality of image elements II which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction and a plurality of pinholes which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction are correspondingly aligned with the same grating unit II; the number of pinholes which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction and correspond to the same grating unit I is equal to half of the number of the continuous multiple-row pinholes with the same horizontal pitch at the center of the stepped gradual pitch pinhole array; the number of pinholes which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction and correspond to the same grating unit II is equal to half of the number of the continuous multiple-row pinholes with the same horizontal pitch at the center of the stepped gradual pitch pinhole array; the number of columns t of grating units in the stepped gradient pitch polarization grating is calculated by
Pitch S of jth row grating unit in stepped gradient pitch polarization grating j Calculated from the following formula
Wherein P is i The horizontal pitch of the ith row of pinholes in the step-gradient pitch pinhole array is m, the number of pinholes in the horizontal direction of the step-gradient pitch pinhole array is m, and a is the number of continuous multiple rows of pinholes with the same horizontal pitch at the center of the step-gradient pitch pinhole array; reconstructing a 3D image I by the image element I through the grating unit I and the pinhole corresponding to the image element I; reconstructing a 3D image II by the image element II through the grating unit II and the pinhole corresponding to the image element II; the polarization direction of the polarized glasses I is the same as that of the grating unit I, and the polarization direction of the polarized glasses II is the same as that of the grating unit II; only the 3D image I can be seen through the polarization glasses I and only the 3D image II can be seen through the polarization glasses II.
2. The dual view 3D display device based on the step-graded pitch polarization grating according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal viewing angle of the 3D image I and the 3D image II is the same; horizontal viewing angle θ of 3D image I and 3D image II 1 Calculated from the following formula
Wherein P is i Is the horizontal pitch of the ith row of pinholes in the stepped gradual change pitch pinhole array, P 1 Is the horizontal pitch of the first row of pinholes of the stepped gradual change pitch pinhole array, w is the aperture width of the pinholes, and m is the number of pinholes in the horizontal direction of the stepped gradual change pitch pinhole arrayThe order, a, is the number of columns of continuous multiple columns of pinholes of the same horizontal pitch at the center of the stepped taper pitch pinhole array, l is the viewing distance, and g is the spacing of the display screen from the stepped taper pitch pinhole array.
3. The dual vision 3D display device based on the step-graded pitch polarization grating according to claim 1, wherein the vertical pitches of the pinholes, picture elements I and picture elements II are all the same.
4. A dual view 3D display device based on a stepped graded pitch polarization grating according to claim 3, wherein the vertical viewing angle of the 3D image I is the same as the vertical viewing angle of the 3D image II; vertical viewing angle θ of 3D image I and 3D image II 2 Calculated from the following formula
Where q is the vertical pitch of the pinholes, w is the aperture width of the pinholes, l is the viewing distance, g is the spacing between the display screen and the stepped taper pitch pinhole array, and n is the number of pinholes in the vertical direction of the stepped taper pitch pinhole array.
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CN113031297B (en) * 2021-04-01 2022-11-15 成都航空职业技术学院 Double-vision 3D display method based on polarized glasses
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