CN112400906A - Rape plant waste bacterium powder preparation for preventing and treating plant root diseases and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Rape plant waste bacterium powder preparation for preventing and treating plant root diseases and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/20—Bacteria; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/20—Bacteria; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
- A01N63/22—Bacillus
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rape plant waste bacterium powder preparation for preventing and treating plant root diseases, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of rape plant powder, 1-5 parts of lactobacillus powder, 1-5 parts of bacillus subtilis and 20-30 parts of humic acid. Aims to solve the technical problems of continuous cropping accumulation of various plant pathogens, particularly leaf lettuce sclerotinia, and the like, resistance enhancement of pathogenic bacteria and pollution of chemical pesticide application, thereby increasing the crop yield.
Description
The invention relates to the technical field of biology, in particular to a bacterial powder preparation of rape plant wastes for preventing and treating plant root diseases, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The treatment of plant root diseases is a huge problem in the plant cultivation process, is not compared with insect pests, can be used for observing the expression of symptoms visually, and can be used for effectively preventing and treating the insect pests by using the pesticide. Especially the occurrence of plant root diseases, the existing chemical agents cannot achieve the effect of prevention and treatment, and only the whole plant can be pulled out if the diseases occur. Green, environment-friendly, high-quality and high-efficiency agriculture is the development direction of the agriculture in the society nowadays. The root diseases of the plants are fundamentally prevented and treated, the root systems of the plants grow healthily, the plants grow vigorously, and the agricultural grain yield is improved. The prevention and treatment of plant root diseases is a breakthrough problem to be solved urgently.
The principle of the biological control technology is mainly that various beneficial microorganisms are utilized, and the propagation and the activity of certain diseases are inhibited through the competition effect, the antagonism effect, the heavy parasitism effect, the cross protection effect, the induction of plant disease resistance and the like among organisms, so that a good growth environment is provided for plants, the disease resistance of the plants is increased, the plants can be prevented from being infected and diffused by pathogenic bacteria, and the harm of the diseases to the plants is inhibited. The biological control technology is safe to human and livestock, does not pollute the ecological environment, does not generate drug resistance, only kills or inhibits a control object, and can participate in the regulation and control of the ecological environment, keep the ecological balance of the nature and play a role in long-acting antibiosis. But also can reduce the production cost of agricultural products.
However, conventional pesticides are susceptible to decomposition by light and loss with rain. Once the pesticide runs off, the pesticide application effect of plants can be influenced, and other soils can be polluted. Therefore, how to improve the utilization rate of the pesticide and reduce the pollution caused by pesticide application is an urgent problem to be solved by technical personnel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a rape plant waste bacterium powder preparation for preventing and treating plant root diseases and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems of continuous cropping accumulation of various plant pathogens, resistance enhancement of the pathogens and pollution caused by chemical pesticide application in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a bacterial powder preparation of rape plant wastes for preventing and treating plant root diseases comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of rape plant powder, 1-5 parts of lactobacillus powder, 1-5 parts of bacillus subtilis and 20-30 parts of humic acid.
Preferably, the effective bacteria number of the lactobacillus powder is 1.8-2.2 hundred million/g.
Preferably, the effective number of the bacillus subtilis is 1.8-2.2 hundred million/g.
Preferably, the Bacillus subtilis is Bacillus subtilis DFY03, which is preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC) with the preservation number of CGMCC No. 21292.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65 parts of rape plant powder, 3 parts of lactobacillus powder, 3 parts of bacillus subtilis with the preservation number of CGMCC 21292 and 25 parts of humic acid.
Preferably, the rape plant powder comprises rape straw waste powder and rape cake powder which are uniformly mixed according to the weight ratio of 3:1 for standby.
The preparation method of the rape plant waste bacterium powder preparation for preventing and treating the plant root diseases comprises the following steps:
(1) taking the rape plant powder, adding humic acid and water into the rape plant powder to ensure that the water content of the mixed material is 50 percent;
(2) uniformly doping bacillus subtilis into the material obtained in the step (1) for composting fermentation, measuring the temperature inside a material pile every day, and stirring periodically to maintain the temperature inside the pile at 50-65 ℃ for 7-12 days;
(3) uniformly doping lactobacillus powder into the material obtained in the step (2), stacking the mixture to a height of more than 0.5-1 m, stirring the mixture for 1 time/week, keeping the water content at 35-40%, and performing secondary fermentation for 7-12 days;
(4) and (4) air-drying the material obtained in the step (3) until the water content is below 20%, screening and crushing.
The planting method of the rape plant waste bacterium powder preparation for preventing and treating the plant root diseases comprises the following steps:
s1, crop rotation and stubble replacement are carried out, continuous cropping is avoided, crop rotation for more than 2 years is carried out, and the previous crop before planting is selected as a new crop or a land for planting grain crops;
s2, selecting sandy soil plots with high and dry topography and good drainage, and uniformly scattering the bacterial powder preparation of the rape plant wastes for preventing and treating the plant root diseases, which is disclosed by claim 1, on the ground to form high-ridge deep furrows;
s3, in transplanting, applying N15-17 kg/hm in combination with seedling planting holes2、K2O 45～50 kg/hm2(ii) a And according to the ratio of 20-30 kg/hm2Applying the bacterial powder preparation of the rape plant wastes for preventing and treating the plant root diseases for deep application again;
and S4, watering, irrigating with well water, paying attention to prevent pollution, and irrigating with heavy water in the disease season.
The application of the bacterial powder preparation of the rape plant wastes for preventing and treating the plant root diseases is used for treating blight, verticillium wilt, southern blight, root rot, stem rot, sheath blight, take-all, bacterial wilt, damping-off and seedling diseases of plants.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
the preparation for treating the plant root diseases fills the blank of medicaments for treating the plant root diseases on the world, and the existing chemical medicaments on the world have no ideal effect or no effect at all on the treatment of the plant root diseases. The bacterial powder preparation of the rape plant wastes has better effect on treating and preventing plant root diseases, and has no toxic or side effect and trace element superscript or residue.
Also has good treatment and prevention effects on powdery mildew, gray mold, anthracnose, virosis and seedling blight. The cure rate of the strawberry fruit tree seedling blight, rot, wilt, root rot caused by frost or flood and the like is as high as 60 percent, and the strawberry fruit tree seedling cultivation method has the effects of increasing yield and improving quality.
In addition, the raw materials for preparing the preparation are easy to purchase, the process is simple, the preparation has wide application range, the production cost of the product is lower, and the popularization is easy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 bar graph of the yield of leaf lettuce from different treatments.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention in detail and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention in any way. The industrial materials (reagents, materials, etc.) used in the following examples are all commercially available conventional industrial materials unless otherwise specified.
Example 1: a bacterial powder preparation of rape plant wastes for preventing and treating plant root diseases comprises the following components in parts by weight: comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65 parts of rape plant powder, 3 parts of lactobacillus powder, 3 parts of bacillus subtilis and 25 parts of humic acid, wherein the rape plant powder comprises rape straw waste powder and rapeseed cake powder which are uniformly mixed according to a ratio of 3:1 for standby application; the preservation number of the bacillus subtilis is CGMCC No.21292, and the bacillus subtilis DFY03 strain is used as fermentation seed liquid during fermentation and is prepared by fermentation by a biological fermentation process; the effective bacteria number of the lactobacillus powder is 2.0 hundred million/g; the effective number of bacillus subtilis is 2.0 hundred million/gram.
The preparation method of the rape plant waste bacterium powder preparation for preventing and treating the plant root diseases comprises the following steps:
(1) taking the rape plant powder, adding humic acid and water into the rape plant powder to enable the water content of the mixed material to be 50-60%;
(2) uniformly doping bacillus subtilis into the material obtained in the step (1) for composting fermentation, measuring the temperature inside a material pile every day, and periodically stirring to maintain the temperature inside the pile at 50 ℃ for 8-20 days;
(3) uniformly doping lactobacillus powder into the material obtained in the step (2), stacking the mixture to a height of more than 0.5-1 m, stirring the mixture for 1 time/week, keeping the water content at 40%, and performing secondary fermentation for 25 days;
(4) and (4) air-drying the material obtained in the step (3) until the water content is below 30%, screening and crushing.
A planting method of a rape plant waste bacterium powder preparation for preventing and treating plant root diseases comprises the following steps:
s1, crop rotation and stubble replacement are carried out, continuous cropping is avoided, crop rotation for more than 2 years is carried out, and the previous crop before planting is selected as a new crop or a land for planting grain crops;
s2, selecting sandy soil plots with high and dry topography and good drainage, and uniformly scattering the bacterial powder preparation of the rape plant wastes for preventing and treating the plant root diseases, which is disclosed by claim 1, on the ground to form high-ridge deep furrows;
s3 transplanting, applying N16kg/hm in combination with seedling planting holes2、K2O 45 kg/hm2(ii) a And according to 25 kg/hm2Applying the bacterial powder preparation of the rape plant wastes for preventing and treating the plant root diseases for deep application again;
and S4, watering, irrigating with well water, paying attention to prevent pollution, and irrigating with heavy water in the disease season.
The application of the bacterial powder preparation of the rape plant wastes for preventing and treating the plant root diseases is used for treating blight, verticillium wilt, southern blight, root rot, stem rot, sheath blight, take-all, bacterial wilt, damping-off and seedling diseases of plants.
Example 2: the difference from example 1 is that:
a bacterial powder preparation of rape plant wastes for preventing and treating plant root diseases comprises the following components in parts by weight: comprises the following components in parts by weight: 63 parts of rape plant powder, 5 parts of lactobacillus powder, 3 parts of bacillus subtilis and 20 parts of humic acid.
Example of effects:
experiments of the bacterial powder preparation of the invention on leaf lettuce: the sclerotinia rot of the leaf lettuce causes water stain-like disease spots and soft rot at the base of the leaf lettuce, and white floccule and sclerotium are formed. Resulting in leaf lettuce wilting and death. The test date is as follows: 5 days in 2019 and 11 months and 10 days in 2019, and the test sites are as follows: yuanyang county, congratulate to building village and village, the soil is yellow sand soil. Selecting serious occurrence areas of perennial leaf lettuce sclerotinia rot, downy mildew, brown spot and leaf spot. Test materials: pure sesame oil-wheat vegetable. The test method comprises the following steps: 12 cells were randomly designed, 4 square meters per cell, and 80 plants were planted. Treating 3 pieces, and uniformly mixing each treatment component with the soil with the surface layer of 10 cm; and 3, treatment: the processed A1-3 rape plant bacteria powder (plant bacteria powder for short) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of rape plant powder, 3 parts of lactobacillus powder (2.0 hundred million/g), 3 parts of bacillus subtilis (2 hundred million/g) and 34 parts of humic acid. The formula of the B1-3 bacillus powder is 3 parts of lactobacillus powder (2 hundred million/g), 3 parts of bacillus subtilis (2 hundred million/g) and 34 parts of humic acid. Treating C1-3 matrix powder, wherein the formula is 34 parts of humic acid. Each treatment was repeated 3 times. And (5) performing conventional management. Disease symptoms and characteristics of the leaf lettuce at different developmental stages, as well as the overall effect on leaf lettuce, were observed weekly. 11, month and 10 days: and measuring the yield of the leaf lettuce. The results are shown in FIG. 1:
as shown in figure 1, the microbial powder preparation can obviously improve the yield of the leaf lettuce.
In addition, 1-2 betel leaves or soft leaf centers of plants are found in the planting process, which indicates that the root base of the plants are seriously rotted and necrotic, the preparation is sprayed to irrigate the roots, the rotted parts fall off after a few days, roots grow out again at the root base, and leaves grow well and turn green again.
The product has significant breakthrough in the method for treating plant root diseases, and the effect of the product even exceeds that of a plurality of chemical drugs. The fertilizer is regularly used on crops, so that the yield can be improved, the disease resistance of the crops can be enhanced, the immunity can be improved, the using amount of the fertilizer can be reduced, the production cost of growers can be reduced, the requirements of green, environmental protection, high quality and high efficiency are really met, and the fertilizer is suitable for the great trend of people-oriented modern society and the harmonious development of livelihood.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings and the embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various specific parameters in the above embodiments can be changed without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and a plurality of specific embodiments are formed, which are common variation ranges of the present invention, and will not be described in detail herein.
Claims (9)
1. A bacterial powder preparation of rape plant wastes for preventing and treating plant root diseases is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of rape plant powder, 1-5 parts of lactobacillus powder, 1-5 parts of bacillus subtilis and 20-30 parts of humic acid.
2. The bacterial powder preparation of rape plant wastes for controlling plant root diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that: the effective bacteria number of the lactobacillus powder is 1.8-2.2 hundred million/g.
3. The bacterial powder preparation of rape plant wastes for controlling plant root diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that: the effective bacteria number of the bacillus subtilis is 1.8-2.2 hundred million/g.
4. The bacterial powder preparation of rape plant wastes for controlling plant root diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that: the Bacillus subtilis is Bacillus subtilis DFY03, which is preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center with the preservation number of CGMCC No. 21292.
5. The bacterial powder preparation of rape plant wastes for controlling plant root diseases according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 65 parts of rape plant powder, 3 parts of lactobacillus powder, 3 parts of bacillus subtilis with the preservation number of CGMCC 21292 and 25 parts of humic acid.
6. The bacterial powder preparation of rape plant wastes for controlling plant root diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that the rape plant powder comprises the waste powder of rape straw and the rapeseed cake powder which are uniformly mixed in a ratio of 3:1 by weight for standby.
7. A preparation method of a rape plant waste bacterium powder preparation for preventing and treating plant root diseases is characterized by comprising the following steps:
taking the rape plant powder, adding humic acid and water into the rape plant powder to enable the water content of the mixed material to be 50-60%;
uniformly doping bacillus subtilis into the material obtained in the step (1) for composting fermentation, measuring the temperature inside a material pile every day, and stirring periodically to maintain the temperature inside the pile at 50-65 ℃ for 7-12 days;
uniformly doping lactobacillus powder into the material obtained in the step (2), stacking the mixture to a height of more than 0.5-1 m, stirring the mixture for 1 time/week, keeping the water content at 35-40%, and performing secondary fermentation for 7-12 days;
and (4) air-drying the material obtained in the step (3) until the water content is below 20%, screening and crushing.
8. A planting method of a rape plant waste bacterium powder preparation for preventing and treating plant root diseases is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, crop rotation and stubble replacement are carried out, continuous cropping is avoided, crop rotation for more than 2 years is carried out, and the previous crop before planting is selected as a new crop or a land for planting grain crops;
s2, selecting sandy soil plots with high and dry topography and good drainage, and uniformly scattering the bacterial powder preparation of the rape plant wastes for preventing and treating the plant root diseases, which is disclosed by claim 1, on the ground to form high-ridge deep furrows;
s3, in transplanting, applying N15-17 kg/hm in combination with seedling planting holes2、K2O 45～50 kg/hm2(ii) a And according to the ratio of 20-30 kg/hm2Applying the bacterial powder preparation of the rape plant wastes for preventing and treating the plant root diseases of claim 1 for deep application again;
and S4, watering, irrigating with well water, paying attention to prevent pollution, and irrigating with heavy water in the disease season.
9. The application of the bacterial powder preparation of the rape plant wastes for preventing and treating the plant root diseases is characterized in that: the bacterial powder preparation of the rape plant wastes is used for treating blight, verticillium wilt, southern blight, root rot, stem rot, sheath blight, take-all, bacterial wilt, damping-off and seedling diseases of plants.
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Cited By (2)
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| JP2025126508A (en) * | 2024-02-19 | 2025-08-29 | 環境バイオエンジニアリング株式会社 | Control agent having antibacterial activity against base rot fungus, which is soil-borne pathogenic fungus, and method for controlling soil-borne disease using the same |
| CN120827107A (en) * | 2025-09-15 | 2025-10-24 | 云南省农业科学院 | Composition and method for preventing and treating mango quick death disease |
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| CN120827107A (en) * | 2025-09-15 | 2025-10-24 | 云南省农业科学院 | Composition and method for preventing and treating mango quick death disease |
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