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CN112230947A - An operating system upgrade method and upgrade system - Google Patents

An operating system upgrade method and upgrade system Download PDF

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CN112230947A
CN112230947A CN201910579233.4A CN201910579233A CN112230947A CN 112230947 A CN112230947 A CN 112230947A CN 201910579233 A CN201910579233 A CN 201910579233A CN 112230947 A CN112230947 A CN 112230947A
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data
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CN112230947B (en
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李明树
何梅
贾丽娜
李婷
吕沙
张赛丹
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Nfs China Software Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F8/00Arrangements for software engineering
    • G06F8/60Software deployment
    • G06F8/65Updates
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/14Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in operation
    • G06F11/1402Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying
    • G06F11/1446Point-in-time backing up or restoration of persistent data
    • G06F11/1458Management of the backup or restore process
    • G06F11/1469Backup restoration techniques
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/44Arrangements for executing specific programs
    • G06F9/445Program loading or initiating
    • G06F9/44505Configuring for program initiating, e.g. using registry, configuration files
    • G06F9/4451User profiles; Roaming

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Abstract

本申请提供一种操作系统的升级方法、系统,包括:获取升级前需要保留的系统数据的位置清单;获取用户安装的应用程序清单;根据所述数据位置将所述系统数据备份至临时区域;根据所述应用程序清单备份所述应用程序;进行系统升级,恢复所述系统数据,并根据备份的数据完成各个应用程序的配置。

Figure 201910579233

The present application provides a method and system for upgrading an operating system, including: obtaining a list of locations of system data to be retained before upgrading; obtaining a list of application programs installed by a user; backing up the system data to a temporary area according to the data location; The application program is backed up according to the application program list; the system is upgraded, the system data is restored, and the configuration of each application program is completed according to the backed up data.

Figure 201910579233

Description

Upgrading method and upgrading system of operating system
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of computer technologies, and in particular, to an upgrade method for an operating system.
Background
With the development of social science and technology, people almost daily get into contact with computers, and an operating system serves as a carrier for interaction between computer equipment and users and plays an extremely important role. Computer technology in modern society is in a high-speed development stage, and in daily application, version upgrading or updating of an operating system is often required in order to use the latest functions of an application program in time or in order to defend against bad carriers such as trojans, viruses and junk software in time. Once the operating system is upgraded, the user data before the upgrade and the application installed by the user should be guaranteed to be used normally.
In the existing system upgrading technology, one scheme is to adopt a complete clearing scheme for data and applications in an old operating system, so as to ensure that the applications in the upgraded or updated operating system do not conflict with the old version. The scheme has the advantages that the normal operation of the upgraded or updated operating system and application can be ensured, and the problem that the legacy data and the application are not matched is avoided. However, the user experience of this solution is poor, because some previous convenient operations and flags of the user are also removed after the system is upgraded or updated, the user data application program is completely deleted, the user needs to reconfigure data and reinstall the required application program, and re-adapt to a new system environment, which causes great inconvenience to the user. The other upgrading mode adopts a mode of directly installing the package, all user data and application data before upgrading can be reserved, and the scheme has the advantage that all data of a user cannot be lost, but only cannot be lost, and normal use of an application program cannot be guaranteed. For example, if the version of the library associated with the upgraded system is too high and is inconsistent with the version of the library that the user's self-installed application depends on, the retained user application is not available, and the user experience is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an upgrading method of an operating system, which solves the problem that an application program cannot normally run after a system is upgraded in the prior art.
In order to solve the above problem, the present application discloses an upgrade method of an operating system, including:
acquiring a position list of system data needing to be reserved before upgrading;
acquiring an application program list installed by a user;
backing up the system data to a temporary area according to the data position;
backing up the application program and the link library according to the application program list;
and upgrading the system, recovering the system data, and completing the configuration of each application program according to the backed-up data.
In a preferred embodiment, the list of locations of system data that need to be retained is validated against the locations defined by the standard data and the dynamic data locations.
In a preferred embodiment, the step of backing up the application and the linked library according to the application manifest includes:
backing up related files of each application program to a corresponding custom directory;
analyzing the relevant files of each application program, analyzing to obtain a link library corresponding to the application program, and storing the application program and the link library to the user-defined directory;
generating an executable file corresponding to the application program link library into a packaging script;
and clearing the related files and library directories of all the application programs in the system.
In a preferred embodiment, the step of parsing the relevant file of each application includes:
the user-defined directory comprises a user-defined file directory and a user-defined library directory;
judging the type of the related file:
if the file is a common file, directly backing up the file to the custom file directory;
if the file is the link file, copying the file corresponding to the link, and creating a corresponding link under the user-defined file directory;
if the file is an executable file, backing up a dependent link library to the user-defined library directory, generating a corresponding packaging script, and exporting a link path to the user-defined library directory;
and modifying the starter file and pointing the executable program to the packaging script.
In a preferred embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps: and covering all related files under the user-defined directory in a system, and executing the packaging script generated by the executable file.
In a preferred embodiment, the customized directory corresponding to each application program is created under the backup directory.
In a preferred embodiment, the user's application manifest is obtained by diff.
In a preferred embodiment, the step of completing the configuration of each application according to the package script comprises: and covering all related files under the user-defined directory into the system, and executing the package script generated by the executable file.
The application also discloses an upgrade system of an operating system, comprising:
the position list acquisition module is configured to acquire a position list of system data needing to be reserved before upgrading;
the application program list acquisition module is configured to acquire an application program list installed by a user;
the first backup module is configured to backup the system data to a temporary area according to the data position;
the second backup module is configured to backup the application program according to the application program list;
and the upgrading module is configured to upgrade the system, recover the system data and complete the configuration of each application program according to the backed-up data.
The application also discloses an upgrade device of an operating system, comprising:
a memory for storing computer executable instructions; and
a processor, coupled with the memory, for implementing the steps in the method as described above when executing the computer-executable instructions.
The present application also discloses a computer-readable storage medium having stored therein computer-executable instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps in the method as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:
the method can verify whether the user data and the application program are completely backed up and migrated or not by executing the program and using the operating system, and provides a systematic, complete and safe protection scheme for the upgrading of the operating system.
The present specification describes a number of technical features distributed throughout the various technical aspects, and if all possible combinations of technical features (i.e. technical aspects) of the present specification are listed, the description is made excessively long. In order to avoid this problem, the respective technical features disclosed in the above summary of the invention of the present application, the respective technical features disclosed in the following embodiments and examples, and the respective technical features disclosed in the drawings may be freely combined with each other to constitute various new technical solutions (which should be regarded as having been described in the present specification) unless such a combination of the technical features is technically infeasible. For example, in one example, the feature a + B + C is disclosed, in another example, the feature a + B + D + E is disclosed, and the features C and D are equivalent technical means for the same purpose, and technically only one feature is used, but not simultaneously employed, and the feature E can be technically combined with the feature C, then the solution of a + B + C + D should not be considered as being described because the technology is not feasible, and the solution of a + B + C + E should be considered as being described.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating an operating system upgrade method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an operating system upgrade device in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In the following description, numerous technical details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions claimed in the present application can be implemented without these technical details and with various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present application, a method for safely upgrading an operating system is disclosed, and the method for upgrading an operating system according to this embodiment may be applied to a computer capable of running multiple types of operating systems, for example, a Linux operating system, an XP operating system, a VISTA operating system, a WIN7 operating system, a WIN8 operating system, a WIN8.1 operating system, a WIN10 operating system, and the like. The method comprises the following steps:
in step 101, a location list of system data that needs to be retained before upgrading is obtained. In one embodiment of the application, the location manifest of the data is validated against the locations defined by the standard data and the dynamic data locations. For example, a conventional Linux operating system has a relatively clear location directory definition for user data, such as a home directory of a user, and the like, and the configuration of dynamic data is to acquire network configuration information, network connection data, print configuration data and the like at/etc/cups/locations which are not included in the conventional standard data definition location, such as/etc/network manager/by using a file system information storage manner after being superimposed in advance, and to confirm the location information of a data list to be retained by combining the two.
In step 102, a list of applications installed by a user is obtained. In one embodiment, the user's application manifest is obtained by diff, such as a picture viewer, a QQ, a WeChat, a PDF reader, and so on.
In step 103, the system data is backed up to a temporary area according to the data location.
And step 104, backing up the application program according to the application program list.
Specifically, the step of backing up the application program according to the application program list includes:
firstly, the related files and library directories of each application program are backed up to the corresponding custom directory, the custom directory corresponding to each application program is created under the backup directory, for example, under the/opt directory, and the custom directory comprises the custom file directory and the custom library directory.
And then, analyzing the related files of each application program, analyzing to obtain an application program link library, and storing the application program link library to the user-defined directory.
The step of analyzing the relevant files of each application program comprises the following steps: analyzing a specific file installed in the system according to a software package of a target application program, and if the specific file is a common file, directly backing up the file to the custom file directory; if the file is a link file, copying an actual file corresponding to the link, and creating a corresponding link under the user-defined file directory; if the file is an executable file ELF, backing up the link LIBRARY displayed by the ldd to the user-defined LIBRARY directory, generating a packaging script, and exporting a link PATH of the user-defined LIBRARY directory to LD _ LIBRARY _ PATH; and modifying an Exec field value in the launcher file, and pointing the executable program to the packaging script.
For example, taking a picture viewer as an example, the file list of the software package is analyzed, the file list is saved to a system reserved directory, wherein/usr/bin/eog is an executable file and is in an ELF format, a dependent link LIBRARY of the executable file is analyzed, the LIBRARY file is backed up to a directory/opt/updateog/eog, the PATH is exported to an LD _ LIBRARY _ PATH, a script file wrapper-eog is packaged, and the Exec field Exec eog% U in the original launcher file is modified into Exec wrapper-eog% U.
And then analyzing relevant files in the user-defined directory corresponding to each application program and the postscript of the library directory, if a link file is created, extracting an executable file corresponding to the application program link library to generate a package script, wherein the package script comprises the executable file of the application program and a file of a calling system.
And clearing system basic library files in the backup library directory, such as libc library and the like.
The postscript encapsulation script of the application package is extracted into the back-up file directory.
In step 105, system upgrade is performed, the system data is restored, and configuration of each application program is completed according to the backed-up data. And overlaying all related files under the custom directory into the system, and executing the postenst packaging script generated by the executable file.
Referring to fig. 2, the present application further discloses an upgrade system of an operating system, including:
a location list obtaining module 201 configured to obtain a location list of system data that needs to be retained before upgrading;
an application program list acquisition module 202 configured to acquire an application program list installed by a user;
a first backup module 203 configured to backup the system data to a temporary area according to the data location;
a second backup module 204 configured to backup the application according to the application manifest:
the upgrade module 205 is configured to perform system upgrade, recover the system data, and complete configuration of each application program according to the backed-up data.
It should be noted that, as will be understood by those skilled in the art, the implementation functions of the modules shown in the embodiment of the upgrade system of the operating system described above can be understood by referring to the description related to the upgrade method described above. The functions of the respective modules shown in the embodiment of the upgrade system of the operating system described above may be realized by a program (executable instructions) running on a processor. The upgrade system of the operating system according to the embodiment of the present application may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium if it is implemented in the form of a software function module and sold or used as an independent product. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application may be essentially implemented or portions thereof contributing to the prior art may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, and including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read Only Memory (ROM), a magnetic disk, and an optical disk. Thus, embodiments of the present application are not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
Accordingly, the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored, and when the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, the computer-executable instructions implement the method embodiments of the present application. Computer-readable storage media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, a computer-readable storage medium does not include a transitory computer-readable medium.
In addition, the embodiment of the application also provides an upgrading device of an operating system, which comprises a memory for storing computer executable instructions and a processor; the processor is configured to implement the steps of the method embodiments described above when executing the computer-executable instructions in the memory. The Processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), other general-purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or the like. The aforementioned memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Flash memory (Flash), a hard disk, or a solid state disk. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention may be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
It is noted that, in the present patent application, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, the use of the verb "comprise a" to define an element does not exclude the presence of another, same element in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element. In the present patent application, if it is mentioned that a certain action is executed according to a certain element, it means that the action is executed according to at least the element, and two cases are included: performing the action based only on the element, and performing the action based on the element and other elements. The expression of a plurality of, a plurality of and the like includes 2, 2 and more than 2, more than 2 and more than 2.
All documents mentioned in this specification are to be considered as being incorporated in their entirety into the disclosure of the present application so as to be subject to modification as necessary. It should be understood that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure should be included in the scope of protection of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than in the embodiments and still achieve desirable results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing may also be possible or may be advantageous.

Claims (10)

1.一种操作系统的升级方法,其特征在于,包括:1. an upgrade method for an operating system, comprising: 获取升级前需要保留的系统数据的位置清单;Get a list of locations of system data that needs to be preserved before upgrading; 获取用户安装的应用程序清单;Get a list of user-installed applications; 根据所述数据位置将所述系统数据备份至临时区域;backing up the system data to a staging area according to the data location; 根据所述应用程序清单备份所述应用程序及链接库;Back up the application and link library according to the application manifest; 进行系统升级,恢复所述系统数据,并根据备份的数据完成各个应用程序的配置。Perform system upgrade, restore the system data, and complete the configuration of each application program according to the backed up data. 2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,根据标准数据定义的位置和动态数据位置确认需要保留的系统数据的位置清单。2 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the location list of the system data to be retained is confirmed according to the location defined by the standard data and the dynamic data location. 3 . 3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,根据所述应用程序清单备份所述应用程序及链接库的步骤,包括:3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of backing up the application program and the link library according to the application program list comprises: 将各个应用程序的相关文件备份至对应的自定义目录下;Back up the relevant files of each application to the corresponding custom directory; 解析各个应用程序的相关文件,并解析得到应用程序对应的链接库,将所述应用程序及链接库保存到所述自定义目录;Parse the relevant files of each application, and parse to obtain the link library corresponding to the application, and save the application and the link library to the custom directory; 将所述应用程序及链接库对应的可执行文件生成封装脚本;generating an encapsulation script from the executable file corresponding to the application program and the link library; 清除系统中的各个应用程序的相关文件及库目录。Clear the related files and library directories of each application in the system. 4.如权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,所述解析各个应用程序的相关文件的步骤包括:4. The method of claim 3, wherein the step of parsing the relevant files of each application program comprises: 所述自定义目录包括自定义文件目录和自定义库目录;The custom directory includes a custom file directory and a custom library directory; 判断所述相关文件的类型:Determine the type of the relevant file: 如果是普通文件,则直接将该文件备份至所述自定义文件目录下;If it is a common file, directly back up the file to the custom file directory; 如果是链接文件,复制链接对应的文件,并在所述自定义文件目录下创建对应链接;If it is a link file, copy the file corresponding to the link, and create a corresponding link in the custom file directory; 如果是可执行文件,备份依赖链接库到所述自定义库目录,并生成对应的封装脚本,导出链接路径至所述自定义库目录;If it is an executable file, back up the dependent link library to the custom library directory, generate a corresponding package script, and export the link path to the custom library directory; 修改启动器文件,将可执行程序指向所述封装脚本。Modify the launcher file to point the executable program to the wrapper script. 5.如权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括:将所述自定义目录下的所有相关文件覆盖到系统中,执行可执行文件生成的所述封装脚本。5 . The method according to claim 3 , further comprising: overwriting all relevant files in the custom directory into the system, and executing the package script generated by the executable file. 6 . 6.如权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,所述各个应用程序对应的自定义目录创建在备份目录下。6 . The method according to claim 3 , wherein the custom directory corresponding to each application program is created under a backup directory. 7 . 7.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,通过diff的方式获取用户的应用程序清单。7. The method of claim 1, wherein the user's application list is obtained by means of diff. 8.一种操作系统的升级系统,包括:8. An operating system upgrade system, comprising: 位置清单获取模块,配置为获取升级前需要保留的系统数据的位置清单;The location list acquisition module is configured to acquire the location list of system data that needs to be retained before the upgrade; 应用程序清单获取模块,配置为获取用户安装的应用程序清单;The application manifest obtaining module is configured to obtain the user-installed application manifest; 第一备份模块,配置为根据所述数据位置将所述系统数据备份至临时区域;a first backup module, configured to back up the system data to a temporary area according to the data location; 第二备份模块,配置为根据所述应用程序清单备份所述应用程序及链接库;a second backup module, configured to back up the application program and the link library according to the application program list; 升级模块,配置为进行系统升级,恢复所述系统数据,并根据备份的数据完成各个应用程序的配置。The upgrade module is configured to perform system upgrade, restore the system data, and complete the configuration of each application program according to the backed up data. 9.一种操作系统的升级设备,包括:9. An operating system upgrade device, comprising: 存储器,用于存储计算机可执行指令;以及memory for storing computer-executable instructions; and 处理器,与所述存储器耦合,用于在执行所述计算机可执行指令时实现如权利要求1至7中任意一项所述的方法中的步骤。A processor, coupled to the memory, for implementing the steps in the method of any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the computer-executable instructions. 10.一种计算机可读存储介质,其特征在于,所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机可执行指令,所述计算机可执行指令被处理器执行时实现如权利要求1至7中任意一项所述的方法中的步骤。10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, computer-executable instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented. The steps in the method described in item.
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CN114398065A (en) * 2022-03-24 2022-04-26 Tcl通讯科技(成都)有限公司 Micro front-end system updating method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium
CN114995842A (en) * 2022-08-01 2022-09-02 中科方德软件有限公司 Method and device for installing operating system and readable storage medium
WO2023061172A1 (en) * 2021-10-14 2023-04-20 华为技术有限公司 Application upgrading method and apparatus, and computing device and chip system

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