CN112143872A - A kind of turbine disk gradient temperature field control device and control method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a gradient heat treatment process or gradient temperature field regulation and control device and method. Aiming at the problem that the temperature gradient in the literature gradient heat treatment process can not be freely regulated, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: by designing a gradient heat treatment device with a cavity and capable of freely adding auxiliary heat storage blocks and combining a finite element numerical simulation technology, the trend of the temperature field on the turbine disc and the trend of the grain size distribution along with the change of time is predicted, the influence rule of different auxiliary heat storage blocks on the temperature gradient and the grain size distribution is obtained, a relation database of the shape and the size of a tool, the temperature in the furnace and the gradient temperature field of the turbine disc is established, and a temperature gradient free regulation and control method under the target grain size distribution of the turbine disc is developed. The invention has the outstanding advantages that the temperature rise rate at the disc center and the temperature gradient of the disc body are freely regulated, the problem that a heat storage die needs to be redesigned when the size of the disc changes is avoided, and the design and manufacturing cost of the gradient heat treatment tool is reduced.

Description

A kind of turbine disk gradient temperature field control device and control method

technical field

The present invention relates to a heat treatment process or method, in particular to a gradient heat treatment process or a gradient temperature field control method, in particular to a turbine disk gradient temperature field control device and control method.

Background technique

Gradient heat treatment process is a kind of heat treatment technology that obtains dual-performance metal parts by controlling the temperature in different areas to make the grain size change gradient after heat treatment on special heat treatment equipment. The key to the technology lies in the accurate prediction of the gradient temperature field during the heat treatment process. Therefore, based on the coupled finite element numerical simulation of the tooling-furnace temperature-forgings, the shape and size of the tooling and the influence of the forgings on the gradient temperature field during the heat treatment process are obtained, and the shape and size of the tooling are reasonably designed for the turbine disk. Robust regulation of gradient temperature field provides an effective solution.

The US invention patent with the patent publication number "US 6660110B1" discloses a "gradient heat treatment device and gradient temperature field regulation method for a dual-performance superalloy disk", see Fig. 1 . The gradient heat treatment device is composed of a heat storage block 11, a heat storage block 2 12, a container shell 13, a container shell 2 14, a base 15 and a heat insulating material 16, wherein the turbine disk to be treated is located between the container shell 1 and the container shell 2. between the base and the second container, and the space between the container and the heat storage block is tightly filled with thermal insulation cotton. The first heat storage block 11 and the second heat storage block 12 are respectively in contact with the central area of the plate member 17. The heat insulating material and the container isolate the heat storage block from the high temperature environment, and the heat storage block absorbs heat from the central area of the plate member to make it The temperature in the central area is lower; while the edge of the disc is exposed to the high temperature environment of the heat treatment furnace, and its temperature is higher. Through the gradient heat treatment device, a temperature gradient of over 200°C can be formed between the disk core and the disk edge, and there is no temperature abrupt change in the temperature field in the transition zone, which lays a foundation for orderly regulation of grain size after gradient heat treatment. However, the shape and size of the heat storage block in this device are fixed, and it is impossible to freely control the heating rate at the center of the disk, let alone the stable and free control of the temperature gradient. It is necessary to redesign the heat storage block, which will greatly increase the design and manufacturing costs and cause the problem of waste of raw materials.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem solved by the present invention is: in order to overcome the deficiency that the existing gradient heat treatment device can only obtain the gradient temperature field but cannot realize the free regulation of the temperature gradient, the present invention provides a method for regulating the gradient temperature field of the turbine disk based on the shape and size design of the tooling In this method, the central part of the heat storage block is designed as a cavity of a certain size, and the purpose of freely regulating the temperature gradient is achieved by adding auxiliary heat storage blocks in the cavity. The law of influence on temperature gradient, the relational database of tool shape and size-furnace temperature-turbine disc gradient temperature field is established, and on this basis, the accurate prediction and robust control of gradient temperature field during heat treatment are realized, which is the basis for the gradient organization of turbine disc. Accurate regulation lays the foundation.

The technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a turbine disk gradient temperature field regulating device, comprising an upper container shell, a lower container shell, a base, and thermal insulation cotton, the turbine disc to be treated is located between the upper container shell and the lower container shell, and the three It is coaxially arranged; the base and the lower container are connected; it is characterized in that it also includes an upper heat storage mold, a first lower heat storage mold part, a second lower heat storage mold part and an auxiliary heat storage block; the upper heat storage mold The heat mold is located in the upper container shell, and the insulation cotton is filled between them; the first lower heat storage mold part and the second lower heat storage mold part are located in the lower container shell, and the first lower heat storage mold part and the lower container shell between the second lower heat storage mold part and the lower container shell is filled with insulation cotton; one end of the second lower heat storage mold part is connected with the base, and the other end is connected with the first lower heat storage mold part; the upper container shell, The lower casing, the heat storage mold on the base, the first lower heat storage mold part and the second lower heat storage mold part are arranged coaxially; the heat storage mold part is equipped with a number of auxiliary heat storage blocks, which are formed by placing different numbers. shape to freely control the gradient temperature field of the turbine disk.

A further technical solution of the present invention is: the upper casing is a cylindrical body as a whole, the interior is a cavity, one end is open and the other end is closed, and the open end is in contact with the turbine disk to be treated; both sides of the closed end are provided with ear-shaped protrusions parallel to the ground. It is used for quick disassembly; the end face of the closed end is provided with a blind hole, and the center is provided with a through hole.

A further technical solution of the present invention is that the upper heat storage mold is in a convex shape as a whole, one end is open and one end is closed, the open end is fixedly connected with the closed end of the upper container shell, and the convex end is in contact with the center of the turbine disk to be treated.

A further technical solution of the present invention is that a plurality of auxiliary heat storage blocks and thermal insulation cotton are placed in the cavity between the upper container shell and the upper heat storage mold.

A further technical solution of the present invention is that: the first lower heat storage mold part is provided with a through hole along the center, an annular groove is formed at one end, and a blind hole is symmetrically formed at the other end along the central axis.

A further technical solution of the present invention is that: the second lower heat storage mold part has a through hole along the axis, and one end is provided with an annular protrusion, which is matched with the annular groove on the first lower heat storage mold part; A plurality of cylindrical protrusions are arranged in the circumferential direction of the axis.

A further technical solution of the present invention is: one end of the first lower heat storage mold part is in contact with the turbine disk to be treated, and the other end is connected with the second lower heat storage mold part, and a cavity is formed after the connection, and several auxiliary heat storage molds are placed in the cavity. block and thermal insulation.

A further technical solution of the present invention is that: one end of the lower container is open at one end and the other end is closed, the closed end has a through hole in the axial direction, and the end face of the closed end is evenly distributed with a number of circular dimples along the circumferential direction of the axis. Several cylindrical protrusions of the tie are matched with each other.

A further technical solution of the present invention is: the auxiliary heat storage block is provided with a through hole in the axial direction, and the thermocouple passes through the lower container shell, the first lower heat storage mold part, the second lower heat storage mold part and the auxiliary heat storage block. The through hole is inserted into the center of the bottom surface of the turbine disk, and the temperature is measured in real time.

A further technical solution of the present invention is: a control method of a turbine disk gradient temperature field control device, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

Step 1: Add different numbers of heat storage blocks to the cavity of the heat storage mold, use the drawing software to establish the geometric model of the tooling, use the finite element simulation software to numerically simulate the gradient heat treatment process of the turbine disk, and predict the different tooling structures and furnace temperatures. The variation trend of the temperature field distribution on the turbine disk with time;

Step 2: Establish a grain size model of the target material during heat treatment, and use the finite element simulation software to predict the variation trend of grain size distribution on the turbine disk with time under different temperature fields in combination with the prediction results of the temperature field on the turbine disk in step 1;

Step 3: According to the results of steps 1 and 2, establish a relational database of tooling structure-furnace temperature-turbine disc gradient temperature field-organization field;

Step 4: According to the target grain size distribution of the turbine disc, select the appropriate tooling structure and furnace temperature from the database established in Step 3 to conduct a gradient heat treatment test to realize the active control of the gradient temperature field and grain size distribution of the turbine disc.

Invention effect

The technical effect of the invention is that: since the cavity is designed in the center of the heat storage mold, auxiliary heat storage blocks of different sizes and numbers can be freely added, and the adjustment of the heat storage capacity of the heat storage mold is realized. The heat transferred from the edge of the turbine disk is absorbed more by the heat storage block in the center, which lays a foundation for the free adjustment of the temperature gradient, which is an advantage that the gradient heat treatment device designed in the US patent (US 6660110B1) does not have. At the same time, combined with the finite element numerical simulation, the prediction of the gradient temperature field and grain size distribution on the turbine disk can be realized. Precise regulation of temperature gradient under size distribution provides an effective solution.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a gradient heat treatment device for preparing dual-performance superalloy discs invented in the literature

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the adjustable superalloy turbine disk gradient heat treatment device of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a schematic view of the upper container

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the upper heat storage mold

Figure 5 is a schematic view of the lower heat storage mold part 1

Figure 6 is a schematic view of the lower heat storage mold part 2

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the lower container

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary heat storage block

Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the base

Figure 10 is a physical photo of the turbine disc and the gradient heat treatment tool after assembling

Figure 11 shows the geometric model of the turbine disk gradient heat treatment tool with different auxiliary heat storage blocks added

Figure 12 shows the distribution of the gradient temperature field of the turbine disk after heat treatment for 4h with different auxiliary heat accumulators

Figure 13 shows the grain size distribution of the turbine disk after heat treatment for 4h with different auxiliary heat accumulators

Description of reference numerals: 1—upper casing; 2—upper heat storage mold; 3—insulation wool; 4—hexagon bolt; 5—auxiliary heat storage block; 6—turbine disk; 7—first heat storage mold; 8 - the second heat storage mold; 9 - the lower container; 10 - the base.

Detailed ways

Referring to FIG. 2 to FIG. 13 , the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. The following examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention.

The technical scheme adopted by the present invention to solve the problem of insufficient free regulation of the temperature gradient of the turbine disk: the structure and size design of the heat storage block are combined with the finite element numerical simulation calculation to establish a database of the gradient temperature field of the turbine disk that changes with the tooling design, and research and develop A robust control method for temperature gradient based on the relationship between the shape and size of the tooling-furnace temperature-turbine disk temperature field distribution, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) Design a gradient heat treatment device that can freely add different auxiliary heat storage blocks, see Figures 2 to 9. The adjustable gradient heat treatment device of the present invention includes an upper casing 1, an upper heat storage mold 2 with a cavity, insulation cotton 3, hexagonal bolts 4, a part 7 of a lower heat storage mold, and a lower heat storage mold with a cavity. Part two of the hot mold 8 , the lower container 9 , and the base 10 . The upper container 1 has two ear-shaped protrusions (length 60mm, width 60mm, height 15mm) parallel to the ground for quick disassembly after heat treatment (see FIG. 3 ). The upper container 1 has an inner diameter of 232mm and an outer diameter of 252mm, and has four blind holes with a diameter of 30mm and a depth of 5mm, which are matched with the protrusions in the upper heat storage mold 2. The heat storage mold 2 has four cylindrical protrusions with a diameter of 30 mm and a height of 25 mm, and an M12 threaded hole in the center (refer to FIG. 4 ). The upper heat storage mold 2 and the upper container 1 pass through hexagonal bolts 4 Connect, and ensure a 20mm interval between the two to fill the insulation cotton 3. The lower heat storage mold is divided into two parts, wherein the first part 7 has an annular groove with an inner diameter of 105mm and a width of 5mm (refer to Figure 5), and the lower heat storage mold part 8 has an inner diameter of 105mm and a width of 5mm. The annular bulge is matched with the annular groove on the lower heat storage mold part 1 7. There are four cylindrical protrusions with a diameter of 30mm and a height of 25mm on the lower heat storage mold part 8 (refer to Figure 6), and the lower container shell 9 has four circular dimples with a diameter of 30mm and a depth of 5mm. (See FIG. 7 ), it is matched with the cylindrical protrusion on the lower heat storage mold part 2 8 , so that there is a 20mm interval between the two, so as to fill the thermal insulation cotton 3 . The upper heat storage mold 1 and the lower heat storage mold 8 have a cylindrical cavity with a diameter of 80 mm for placing the auxiliary heat storage block 5 (see FIGS. 2 and 8 ). The auxiliary heat storage block 5 , the lower heat storage molds 7 and 8 and the lower container 9 have through holes with a diameter of 10 mm for inserting thermocouples. The bottom of the lower container 9 has four cylindrical protrusions with a diameter of 30mm and a height of 20mm. On the base 10, there are four dimples with a diameter of 30mm and a depth of 10mm (refer to FIG. 9), which are connected with the lower container. The cylindrical protrusions on the 9 are matched to lower the center of gravity of the entire gradient heat treatment tool and enhance the stability. See Figure 10 for the actual photo of the turbine disk and the gradient heat treatment tool after being assembled.

(2) The heat storage capacity of the heat storage mold is adjusted by adding different numbers of auxiliary heat storage blocks at the cavity, so as to change the temperature of the central area of the disc and effectively adjust the temperature gradient on the turbine disc. AUTO CAD drawing software was used to establish the geometric model of the turbine disk gradient heat treatment tooling, see Figure 11, and combined with the finite element numerical simulation technology, the temperature field and grain size distribution on the turbine disk were predicted to change with time, and different auxiliary heat storage methods were obtained. The influence law of the block on the temperature gradient was established, and the relationship database of tool shape and size-furnace temperature-turbine disc gradient temperature field was established. On this basis, the control method of the turbine disc gradient temperature field was developed.

Taking the gradient heat treatment process of GH4586 alloy turbine disk as the specific implementation object, firstly design a gradient heat treatment device that can freely add different auxiliary heat storage blocks, see Figure 2, the upper casing 1 in the GH4586 alloy turbine disk gradient heat treatment device, the upper heat storage mold 2. The materials of the lower heat storage molds 7 and 8, the lower casing 9, the base 10 and the auxiliary heat storage block 5 are all GH4202 alloys, and the thermocouples are R-type platinum-rhodium 13-platinum thermocouples. In the process of gradient heat treatment, the upper casing 1, the upper heat storage mold 2, the auxiliary heat storage block 5 and the thermal insulation cotton 3 are combined and connected by hexagonal bolts 4, and the lower heat storage mold part 1 7, the lower heat storage mold part 1 Two mold parts 8, auxiliary heat storage block 5, lower container 9, thermal insulation cotton 3, base 10 are combined, the turbine disk 6 is combined with the above-mentioned gradient heat treatment tool and put into a common heat treatment furnace to carry out a gradient heat treatment test. A thermocouple is inserted into the center of the bottom surface of the turbine disk through the lower casing 9, the lower heat storage molds 7, 8 and the through holes on the auxiliary heat storage block 5, and the temperature is measured in real time.

AUTO CAD drawing software was used to establish the geometric model of the GH4586 alloy turbine disk gradient heat treatment tooling. Referring to Figure 11, the finite element simulation software ABAQUS was used to numerically simulate the GH4586 alloy turbine disk gradient heat treatment process. The main steps are as follows:

(1) Establish an axisymmetric geometric model in the PART module;

(2) The material for setting the turbine disk in the PROPERTY module is GH4586 alloy, the material for setting the heat storage block and the casing is GH4202 alloy, and the material for setting the thermal insulation layer is thermal insulation cotton;

(3) In the ASSEMBLE module, each component is assembled and assembled according to the tooling design;

(4) In the STEP module, select the solution type as heat transfer, and set the automatic adjustment range of the incremental step;

(5) In the INTERACTION module, set the relevant physical performance parameters such as the master-slave property of the contact surface between the various components, the interface heat transfer coefficient of the contact surface, and the thermal radiation coefficient of the material (0.75 for metal materials; 0.5 for thermal insulation cotton);

(6) In the Load module, set the initial temperature of the tooling to 20°C, and set the ambient temperature to T _DMHT = 1120°C;

(7) Mesh each component in the MESH module, and the mesh type is selected as DCAX4 (four-node axisymmetric heat transfer unit);

(8) Data check the model in the JOB module. After confirming that it is correct, submit the model Inp file and the USDFLD subroutine together for calculation through the ABAQUS/COMMOND window.

Different auxiliary heat storage blocks are added at the cavity, and the finite element numerical simulation technology is used to predict the distribution trend of the temperature field and grain size on the turbine disk. See Figures 12 and 13. The study obtained different auxiliary heat storage blocks when the heat treatment time was 4h. The influence of the thermal block on the temperature gradient and grain size distribution can be seen from Figures 12 and 13. The more auxiliary thermal storage blocks, the greater the temperature gradient on the GH4586 alloy turbine disk, and the greater the difference in grain size. The relational database of tool shape and size-furnace temperature-turbine disc gradient temperature field is established. On this basis, the precise control method of GH4586 alloy turbine disc gradient temperature field can be developed according to the target grain size distribution.

Claims (10)

1. A device for regulating the gradient temperature field of a turbine disk, comprising an upper container (1), a lower container (9), a base (10), and a thermal insulation cotton (3), and the turbine disc to be treated is located in the upper container (1) and the lower container shell (9), and the three are arranged coaxially; the base (10) and the lower container shell (9) are connected; it is characterized in that it also includes an upper heat storage mold (2), a first lower container A heat storage mold part (7), a second lower heat storage mold part (8) and an auxiliary heat storage block (5); the upper heat storage mold (2) is located in the upper casing (1), and the space between the two is filled with There is thermal insulation cotton (3); the first lower heat storage mold part (7), the second lower heat storage mold part (8) are located in the lower housing (9), the first lower heat storage mold part (7) and the lower heat storage mold part (8) Between the housing shells (9), the second lower heat storage mold part (8) and the lower housing shell (9) are filled with insulation cotton (3); one end of the second lower heat storage mold part (8) is connected to the base ( 10) Connection, the other end is connected with the first lower heat storage mould part (7); the upper container shell (1), the lower container shell (9), the base (10), the upper heat storage mould (2), the first lower heat storage mould (2) The mold part (7) and the second lower heat storage mold part (8) are arranged coaxially; a number of auxiliary heat storage blocks are installed in the heat storage mold part, and the gradient temperature field of the turbine disk is adjusted by placing different numbers to form different shapes. Free regulation. 2. The device for regulating and controlling the gradient temperature field of a turbine disk according to claim 1, wherein the upper container shell (1) is a cylindrical body as a whole, the interior is a cavity, one end is open and the other end is closed, and the open end and the waiting To deal with the contact of the turbine disk; the two sides of the closed end are provided with ear-shaped protrusions parallel to the ground for quick disassembly; the end face of the closed end is provided with a blind hole, and a through hole is opened in the center. 3. A kind of turbine disk gradient temperature field regulating device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described upper heat storage mould (2) is in convex shape as a whole, one end is open and one end is closed, and the open end and the upper container (2). 1) The closed end is fixedly connected, and the convex end is in contact with the center of the turbine disk to be processed. 4. A kind of turbine disk gradient temperature field regulating device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, several auxiliary accumulators are placed in the cavity between the upper container shell (1) and the upper heat storage mold (2) Thermal block (5) and insulation cotton (3). 5. A kind of turbine disk gradient temperature field regulating device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described first lower heat accumulating mould part (7) is provided with through hole along the center, and one end is provided with annular groove, and the other A blind hole is symmetrically opened at one end along the central axis. 6. The device for regulating and controlling the gradient temperature field of a turbine disk according to claim 1, wherein the second lower heat storage mold part (8) is provided with a through hole along the axis, and an annular protrusion is provided at one end, The annular grooves on the first lower heat storage mold part (7) are matched with each other; the other end is provided with a plurality of cylindrical protrusions along the circumferential direction of the axis. 7. A kind of turbine disk gradient temperature field regulating device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, one end of the first lower heat storage mold part (7) is in contact with the turbine disk to be treated, and the other end is in contact with the second The lower heat storage mold parts (8) are connected, and after the connection, a cavity is formed, and a plurality of auxiliary heat storage blocks (5) and thermal insulation cotton (3) are placed in the cavity. 8. The device for regulating and controlling the gradient temperature field of a turbine disk according to claim 1, wherein one end of the lower casing (9) is open at one end and the other end is closed, the closed end is provided with a through hole in the axial direction, and the end face of the closed end is along the Several circular dimples are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the axis, which cooperate with several cylindrical protrusions on the second lower heat storage mold part (8). 9 . The device for regulating and controlling the gradient temperature field of a turbine disk according to claim 1 , wherein the auxiliary heat storage block ( 5 ) is provided with a through hole in the axial direction, and the thermocouple passes through the lower casing ( 9 ), the first The through holes on the lower heat storage mold part (7), the second lower heat storage mold part (8) and the auxiliary heat storage block (5) are inserted into the center of the bottom surface of the turbine disk, and the temperature is measured in real time. 10. based on the control method of a kind of turbine disk gradient temperature field control device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: Step 1: Add different numbers of heat storage blocks to the cavity of the heat storage mold, use the drawing software to establish the geometric model of the tooling, use the finite element simulation software to numerically simulate the gradient heat treatment process of the turbine disk, and predict the different tooling structures and furnace temperatures. The variation trend of the temperature field distribution on the turbine disk with time; Step 2: Establish a grain size model of the target material during heat treatment, and use the finite element simulation software to predict the variation trend of grain size distribution on the turbine disk with time under different temperature fields in combination with the prediction results of the temperature field on the turbine disk in step 1; Step 3: According to the results of steps 1 and 2, establish a relational database of tooling structure-furnace temperature-turbine disc gradient temperature field-organization field; Step 4: According to the target grain size distribution of the turbine disc, select the appropriate tooling structure and furnace temperature from the database established in Step 3 to conduct a gradient heat treatment test to realize the active control of the gradient temperature field and grain size distribution of the turbine disc.

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