Split type elastic voltage regulating steel plate
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of medical appliances, and particularly relates to a split elastic pressure regulating steel plate.
Background
The method of fixing the steel plate and the fixing nail as internal fixation has been applied clinically for many years, and in the clinical treatment process, various methods are applied to the fixation of fracture, wherein the steel plate is one of the most commonly used methods, the traditional steel plate for bone fixation is to fix the steel plate on the bone through screws so as to integrate the steel plate and the bone, but in the later period of fracture repair, due to the stress shielding effect of the steel plate, proper stress stimulation cannot be given to the fracture end, delayed healing, non-healing and slow mineralization speed of the bone are easy to occur, and the application of the steel plate for bone fracture fixation is limited. Therefore, the design of the steel plate capable of adjusting the stress of the fracture ends and promoting fracture healing is a difficult problem to be solved clinically at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an integrated pressure regulating steel plate which has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, easy fixation and capability of stimulating radial stress of a fracture end and accelerating bone healing.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A split elastic pressure regulating steel plate comprises a steel plate body, a first pressure regulating device and a second pressure regulating device, wherein the first pressure regulating device is arranged on one side of the steel plate body, the second pressure regulating device is arranged on the other side of the steel plate body, the first pressure regulating device is connected with the second pressure regulating device through a traction rod, at least one of the first pressure regulating device or the second pressure regulating device is an elastic pressure regulating device, pressure regulating nail holes are formed in the steel plate body, bone screws are arranged in the pressure regulating nail holes, and the first pressure regulating device and the second pressure regulating device are used for regulating radial stress of the bone screws in the pressure regulating nail holes.
Further, the steel plate body is provided with a fixing nail hole, and bone screws are arranged in the fixing nail hole and the pressure regulating nail hole.
The pressure regulating device comprises a pressure regulating screw hole arranged on a steel plate body, a pressure regulating screw in the pressure regulating screw hole, a pressure regulating hole I communicated with the pressure regulating screw hole and a pressure regulating sleeve I, wherein a pressure regulating column I is arranged below the pressure regulating sleeve I and is positioned in the pressure regulating hole I, the pressure regulating sleeve I is connected with the pressure regulating device II through a traction rod, and the pressure regulating mode of the pressure regulating device is one of the following modes:
① The tail part of the pressure regulating screw is sleeved with a special-shaped gasket, one end of the special-shaped gasket is abutted against the first pressure regulating column, and the axial stress of the second pressure regulating device along the steel plate body is regulated by changing the lengths of different special-shaped gaskets, so that the axial stress of the fracture end is regulated;
② The pressure regulating screw hole is a pressure regulating long hole formed by at least two communicated screw holes, a pressure regulating bolt is arranged in the pressure regulating long hole, a second nut is arranged on the pressure regulating bolt, and the axial stress of the pressure regulating device II along the steel plate body is regulated according to different positions of the pressure regulating bolt in the pressure regulating screw hole, so that the axial stress of the fracture end is regulated;
③ The pressure regulating screw is an eccentric shaft, and the axial stress of the pressure regulating device II along the steel plate body is regulated according to the contact position of the eccentric shaft and the pressure regulating column I, so that the axial stress of the fracture end is regulated;
④ The axial stress of the second pressure regulating device along the steel plate body is regulated by changing pressure regulating screws with different tail diameters, so that the axial stress of the fracture end is regulated;
⑤ The first pressure regulating hole is internally provided with a first guide post, and the axial stress of the second pressure regulating device along the steel plate body is regulated according to the first guide post with different lengths, so that the axial stress of the fracture end is regulated;
⑥ The first pressure regulating hole is axially formed along the steel plate body, the jackscrew is in threaded connection with the steel plate body, the tail of the jackscrew is abutted against the first pressure regulating column, the thickness of the steel plate at the first section of the pressure regulating hole is thickened, the first pressure regulating hole can protrude out of the upper surface of the steel plate body, the axial stress of the second pressure regulating device along the steel plate body is regulated by regulating the screwing depth of the jackscrew, the axial stress of the fracture end is regulated, and the first guide column can also be pressed between the tail of the jackscrew and the first pressure regulating column;
The pressure regulating device II comprises a pressure regulating sleeve II connected with the traction rod and a pressure regulating hole II communicated with the pressure regulating nail hole, a pressure regulating column II is arranged below the pressure regulating sleeve II and located in the pressure regulating hole II, an elastomer II is installed in the pressure regulating hole II, one end of the elastomer II is abutted to a bone screw in the pressure regulating nail hole, and the other end of the elastomer II is abutted to the pressure regulating column II.
Further, the first pressure regulating device is an elastic pressure regulating device, the first pressure regulating device comprises a pressure regulating screw hole arranged on the steel plate body, a pressure regulating screw in the pressure regulating screw hole, a pressure regulating hole I communicated with the pressure regulating screw hole and a pressure regulating sleeve I, a pressure regulating column I is arranged below the pressure regulating sleeve I, the pressure regulating column I is positioned in the pressure regulating hole I, the pressure regulating sleeve I is connected with the pressure regulating device II through a traction rod, and the pressure regulating form of the elastic pressure regulating device is one of the following forms:
① An elastic body I is arranged in the pressure regulating hole I, one end of the elastic body I is abutted against the pressure regulating column I, the other end of the elastic body I is abutted against a pressure regulating screw in the pressure regulating screw hole, and the axial stress of the pressure regulating device II along the steel plate body is regulated by changing elastic bodies with different lengths, so that the axial stress of a fracture end is regulated;
② An elastic body I is arranged in the pressure regulating hole I, the pressure regulating screw is in threaded connection with the steel plate body, the tail part of the pressure regulating screw is abutted against the elastic body, and the axial stress of the pressure regulating device II along the steel plate body is regulated by changing the diameter of the tail part of the screw, so that the axial stress of the fracture end is regulated;
③ An elastic body I is arranged in the pressure regulating hole I, elastic bases are fixedly arranged at two ends of the elastic body I, through holes are respectively formed in the elastic bases, the through holes are formed in the radial direction of the elastic body, one end of the pressure regulating hole is a blind hole, one end of the elastic body is arranged in the blind hole, the other end of the elastic body is abutted to a pressure regulating column I in the pressure regulating hole I, and the axial stress of the pressure regulating device II along the steel plate body is regulated by changing the elastic bodies with different lengths, so that the axial stress of a fracture end is regulated;
④ The first pressure regulating hole is internally provided with a jackscrew and an elastic body, the jackscrew is in threaded connection with the steel plate body, the top end of the jackscrew is abutted against the elastic body, the thickness of the steel plate at one section of the pressure regulating hole is increased, the first pressure regulating hole can protrude out of the upper surface of the steel plate body, the axial stress of the second pressure regulating device along the steel plate body is regulated by regulating the screwing depth of the jackscrew, and then the axial stress of the fracture end is regulated;
⑤ The steel plate body is provided with two side pressure regulating holes, an elastic body I is arranged in the side pressure regulating holes I, the side pressure regulating holes are long holes formed in two sides of the steel plate body and are axially formed along the steel plate body, the long holes are at least two screw holes communicated with each other, the steel plate body is provided with a sliding baffle, screw holes are formed in two ends of the sliding baffle, a sliding column is arranged in the middle of the sliding baffle and is abutted to the elastic body I, the sliding baffle can slide in the pressure regulating holes I, pressure regulating bolts and nuts fix the sliding baffle on the steel plate body through the screw holes, and axial stress of the pressure regulating device II along the steel plate body is regulated according to different positions of the pressure regulating bolts in the side pressure regulating holes, so that axial stress of fracture ends is regulated;
⑥ An elastic body I is arranged in the pressure regulating hole I, an eccentric shaft is arranged in the pressure regulating screw hole, one end of the elastic body I is propped against the eccentric shaft, the other end of the elastic body I is propped against the pressure regulating column I, and the axial stress of the pressure regulating device II along the steel plate body is regulated according to the contact position of the eccentric shaft and the elastic body I, so that the axial stress of the fracture end is regulated;
the pressure regulating device II comprises a pressure regulating sleeve II connected with the traction rod and a pressure regulating hole II communicated with the pressure regulating nail hole, a pressure regulating column II is arranged below the pressure regulating sleeve II, the pressure regulating column II is located in the pressure regulating hole II, when the pressure regulating device II is an inelastic pressure regulating device, a guide column II is installed in the pressure regulating hole II, one end of the guide column II is abutted to a bone screw in the pressure regulating nail hole, the other end of the guide column II is abutted to the pressure regulating column II, the guide column II is not required to be arranged in the pressure regulating hole II, the pressure regulating column II is directly abutted to the bone screw in the pressure regulating nail hole, when the pressure regulating device II is an elastic pressure regulating device, an elastic body II is installed in the pressure regulating hole II, one end of the elastic body II is abutted to the bone screw in the pressure regulating nail hole, and the other end of the elastic body II is abutted to the pressure regulating column II.
Further, a sliding hole is formed in the steel plate body, the sliding hole is communicated with the second pressure regulating hole, a sliding plate is arranged in the sliding hole, a pressure regulating nail hole is formed in the sliding plate, when the second pressure regulating device is an inelastic pressure regulating device, one end of the guide post is abutted to the sliding plate, the other end of the guide post is abutted to the second pressure regulating post, the second pressure regulating post is directly abutted to the sliding plate, the guide post can be arranged between the second pressure regulating post and the sliding plate, when the second pressure regulating device is an elastic pressure regulating device, one end of the elastic body is abutted to the sliding plate, the other end of the elastic body is abutted to the second pressure regulating post, and the radial stress of a bone screw is changed by adjusting the axial stress of the sliding plate, so that the axial stress of a fracture end is adjusted.
Further, the sliding hole is a special-shaped sliding hole, the opening of the upper surface of the steel plate body is larger than the opening of the lower surface, and the axial length of the sliding hole is larger than that of the sliding plate.
Further, the first pressure regulating device is connected with the second pressure regulating device through a traction rod, a traction hole is formed in the first pressure regulating sleeve, a threaded section is formed in the traction rod, one end of the traction rod penetrates out of the traction hole, the other end of the traction rod is fixedly arranged on the second pressure regulating sleeve through a fixing piece, the fixing piece is one of a first nut, an expanding part and a fixing clamp, when the first nut is one of the nuts, the threaded section is formed in the traction rod, a first nut is arranged on the threaded section, and the first nut is in threaded connection with the traction rod. The pulling holes may be provided as open or closed.
The sliding plate is provided with an anti-falling plate, the pressure regulating sleeve I and the pressure regulating sleeve II are connected with the steel plate body in a sliding mode, the steel plate body is covered on the surface of the anti-falling plate, the steel plate body is in a strip shape, a strip shape or a full plate shape, the anti-falling plate, the pressure regulating sleeve I and the pressure regulating sleeve II are connected with the steel plate body in a half-sleeve or full-sleeve mode, when the anti-falling plate, the pressure regulating sleeve I and the pressure regulating sleeve II are in a half-sleeve mode, two ends of the anti-falling plate, the pressure regulating sleeve I and the pressure regulating sleeve II are buckled on two sides of the steel plate body, the upper surface of the anti-falling plate, the pressure regulating sleeve I and the pressure regulating sleeve II are provided with long groove holes, when the anti-falling plate, the pressure regulating sleeve I and the pressure regulating sleeve II are in a full-sleeve mode, the upper surface and the lower surface of the anti-falling plate, the long groove holes correspond to the pressure regulating nail holes of the sliding plate, and the radial size of the long groove holes are larger than the sizes of the pressure regulating nails.
Further, at least two anti-falling screws are arranged on the steel plate body and are in threaded connection with the steel plate body, and the tail parts of the anti-falling screws are pressed on the upper surface of the sliding plate to prevent the sliding plate from falling off.
Further, the first elastic body and the second elastic body are springs and elastic capsules, and when the springs are springs, spring bases are arranged at two ends of the springs.
Further, traction grooves are formed in two sides of the steel plate body respectively, traction holes are formed in the first pressure regulating sleeve and the second pressure regulating sleeve respectively, the traction rod penetrates through the traction holes and is fixedly connected with the traction holes, and the traction rod is one of a metal rod and a cable.
The pressure regulating sleeve is characterized in that the pressure regulating sleeve is formed by integrating the pressure regulating sleeve I and the pressure regulating sleeve II, the pressure regulating sleeve is arranged in a half sleeve or a full sleeve mode according to the connection mode of the pressure regulating sleeve I and the steel plate body, when the pressure regulating sleeve is in the half sleeve mode, two ends of the pressure regulating sleeve are buckled on two sides of the steel plate body, long groove holes are formed in the upper surface of the pressure regulating sleeve, when the pressure regulating sleeve is in the full sleeve mode, long groove holes are formed in the upper surface and the lower surface of the pressure regulating sleeve, the long groove holes correspond to the pressure regulating nail holes of the sliding plate, and the radial size of the long groove holes is larger than the size of the pressure regulating nail holes.
Further, the pressure regulating nail hole, the first pressure regulating hole and the first fixed nail hole which are arranged on the steel plate body are one of the following modes:
① One end of the steel plate body is provided with at least two pressure regulating nail holes and at least one pressure regulating hole I;
② The two ends of the steel plate body are provided with pressure regulating nail holes and pressure regulating holes I, and the pressure regulating nail holes I are symmetrically arranged on the steel plate body;
③ The steel plate body one end sets up to the fixed nail hole end, and the other end sets up to the pressure regulating nail hole end, and fixed nail hole one end is set up to the anatomical plate unanimous with human four limbs skeleton joint position anatomical form, and pressure regulating nail hole end sets up two at least pressure regulating nail holes and at least one pressure regulating hole one.
Further, the steel plate body is a straight steel plate or an arc steel plate with a certain radian consistent with the shape of a bone, the upper surface and the lower surface of the steel plate body are radially provided with cambered surfaces with a certain radian, the steel plate body is provided with at least one Kirschner pin hole for temporarily fixing the bone, and grooves can be formed in the lower surfaces of the two sides of the steel plate body and the anti-drop plate.
The invention has the advantages of easy fixation and convenient operation. The steel plate body is fixed on bones through the bone screws in the fixing nail holes, the distance between the bone screws in the pressure regulating nail holes and the bone screws in the fixing nail holes is adjusted in a micro-motion mode through the elastic pressure regulating device in the pressure regulating hole I, the purposes of regulating and controlling fracture end stress, stimulating organism tissues and forming new bones to achieve bone extension are achieved, the fracture end stress shielding is avoided, fracture healing is accelerated, and the wearing time of the steel plate is shortened.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the AA direction in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the BB structure in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a sixth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the CC direction in FIG. 8;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a seventh embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of an eighth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a ninth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a tenth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic view of another structure in a tenth embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of an eleventh embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of a twelfth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the DD in FIG. 16;
fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 19 is a schematic structural view of a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 20 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 19 at another angle;
fig. 21 is a schematic structural view of a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 22 is a schematic view of the EE direction in FIG. 21;
fig. 23 is a schematic structural view of a sixteenth embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 24 is a schematic view of the FF direction in fig. 23;
Fig. 25 is a schematic view showing a structure in a seventeenth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 26 is a schematic view of the GG direction of FIG. 25;
fig. 27 is a schematic view showing another structure in a seventeenth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 28 is a schematic view of the structure in the HH direction of FIG. 27;
fig. 29 is a schematic view showing the structure of an eighteenth embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 30 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 29 at another angle;
fig. 31 is a schematic structural view of a nineteenth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 32 is a schematic view of the JJ direction in FIG. 31;
Fig. 33 is a schematic structural view of a twentieth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 34 is a schematic view of the structure in the KK direction of FIG. 33;
FIG. 35 is a schematic view of a twenty-first embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 36 is a schematic view of a twenty-second embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 37 is a schematic view of the structure of a steel plate body with a Kerr pin hole;
FIG. 38 is a schematic view of a fastener on a drawbar in the form of a nut and a corresponding draw hole on a pressure regulating sleeve;
FIG. 39 is a schematic view showing the structure of the corresponding traction hole on the expansion portion and the pressure regulating sleeve of the fixing member on the traction rod;
FIG. 40 is a schematic view of a structure in which the securing member on the drawbar is a sleeve;
FIG. 41 is a schematic view of the structure of a proximal humerus pressure regulating steel plate;
FIG. 42 is a schematic view of the structure of the distal fibula lateral spring steel plate;
FIG. 43 is a schematic view of the construction of a medial humeral distal pressure adjustment plate;
FIG. 44 is a schematic view of the structure of the lateral femoral distal pressure regulating steel plate;
FIG. 45 is a schematic view of the structure of the medial tibial distal pressure regulating plate;
FIG. 46 is a schematic view of the construction of a lateral pressure regulating plate distal to the humerus;
FIG. 47 is a schematic view of the structure of the proximal lateral elastomeric steel plate of the femur;
FIG. 48 is a schematic view of the structure of a tibial distal anterolateral pressure regulating steel plate;
FIG. 49 is a schematic view of the distal radius palmar pressure regulating steel plate;
FIG. 50 is a schematic view of the structure of a lateral tibial proximal pressure regulating steel plate;
FIG. 51 is a schematic view of the structure of a phalangeal T-shaped plate pressure regulating steel plate;
FIG. 52 is a schematic view of the structure of a distal radius dorsal pressure regulating steel plate;
In the figure, a first pressure regulating sleeve, a 2-fixed nail hole, a 3-traction rod, a 4-steel plate body, a 5-pressure regulating nail hole, a second 6-pressure regulating sleeve, a first 7-pressure regulating hole, a first 8-nut, a first 9-spring, a 10-pressure regulating screw hole, a 11-pressure regulating screw, a 12-traction groove, a 13-pressure regulating bolt, a second 14-nut, a 15-special-shaped gasket, a 16-jackscrew, a 17-side pressure regulating hole, a 18-sliding baffle, a 19-through hole, a 20-eccentric shaft, a 21-anti-disengaging sleeve, a 22-guide groove, a 23-sliding plate, a 24-upper groove hole, a 25-lower groove hole, a 26-anti-disengaging screw, a first 27-guide pillar, a second 28-guide pillar, a 29-expansion part, a 30-gram needle hole, a second 32-spring, a 33-fixed clamp, a 34-sliding hole, a second 35-pressure regulating hole, a 36-traction hole, a first 37-pressure regulating pillar and a second 38-pressure regulating pillar.
Detailed Description
The first and second elastic bodies are springs and elastic capsules, and when the springs are used, spring bases are arranged at two ends of the springs, and in the following embodiment, the first and second elastic bodies are the first springs 9 and the second springs 32 respectively.
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The split elastic pressure regulating steel plate comprises a steel plate body 4, a first pressure regulating device and a second pressure regulating device, wherein the first pressure regulating device is arranged on one side of the steel plate body 4, the second pressure regulating device is arranged on the other side of the steel plate body, the first pressure regulating device is connected with the second pressure regulating device through a traction rod 3, at least one of the first pressure regulating device or the second pressure regulating device is an elastic pressure regulating device, a pressure regulating nail hole 5 and a fixing nail hole 2 are formed in the steel plate body 4, and bone screws are arranged in the fixing nail hole 2 and the pressure regulating nail hole 5. The first pressure regulating device is used for regulating the second pressure regulating device through the traction rod 3, so that the radial stress of the bone screw in the pressure regulating nail hole 5 is regulated and regulated.
As shown in FIG. 1, the first pressure regulating device is an inelastic pressure regulating device, the second pressure regulating device is an elastic pressure regulating device, the first pressure regulating device comprises a pressure regulating screw hole 10 arranged on the steel plate body 4, a pressure regulating screw 11 in the pressure regulating screw hole 10 and a pressure regulating sleeve 1, the pressure regulating screw hole 10 can also be arranged into a prolate-cavity, a pressure regulating column I37 is arranged in the prolate-cavity, one side of the pressure regulating column I37 is a bone screw, and the other side of the pressure regulating column I37 is provided with the pressure regulating screw 11. The pressure regulating sleeve I1 is provided with a pressure regulating column I37 below, the pressure regulating column I37 is positioned in the pressure regulating screw hole 10, the pressure regulating sleeve I1 is connected with a pressure regulating device II through a traction rod 3, the pressure regulating mode of the elastic pressure regulating device is that the tail part of the pressure regulating screw 11 is sleeved with a special-shaped gasket 15, one end of the special-shaped gasket 15 is abutted to the pressure regulating column I37, and the axial stress of the pressure regulating device II along the steel plate body 4 is regulated by changing the lengths of different special-shaped gaskets 15, so that the axial stress of a fracture end is regulated.
The second pressure regulating device comprises a second pressure regulating sleeve 6 connected with the traction rod 3, a second pressure regulating column 38 is arranged below the second pressure regulating sleeve 6, the second pressure regulating column 38 is located in the pressure regulating nail hole 5, a second spring 32 is installed in the pressure regulating nail hole 5, one end of the second spring 32 is abutted to a bone screw in the pressure regulating nail hole 5, and the other end of the second spring is abutted to the second pressure regulating column 38.
The second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, is different from the first embodiment in that the first pressure adjusting device includes a pressure adjusting screw hole 10 provided on the steel plate body 4, a pressure adjusting bolt 13 in the pressure adjusting screw hole 10, a pressure adjusting hole 7 communicating with the pressure adjusting screw hole 10, and a pressure adjusting sleeve 1, a pressure adjusting column 37 is provided below the pressure adjusting sleeve 1, the pressure adjusting column 37 is located in the pressure adjusting hole 7, and the pressure adjusting sleeve 1 is connected with the second pressure adjusting device through a traction rod 3. In this embodiment, the pressure regulating mode of the elastic pressure regulating device is that the pressure regulating nail hole 5 is a pressure regulating long hole formed by at least two screw holes which are communicated, a pressure regulating bolt 13 is installed in the pressure regulating long hole, a second nut 14 is installed on the pressure regulating bolt 13, and the axial stress of the second pressure regulating device along the steel plate body 4 is regulated according to different positions of the pressure regulating bolt 13 in the pressure regulating screw hole 10, so that the axial stress of the fracture end is regulated.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the third embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that in this embodiment, the pressure adjusting screw 11 is replaced by an eccentric shaft 20, and the axial stress of the second pressure adjusting device along the steel plate body 4 is adjusted according to the contact position between the eccentric shaft 20 and the first pressure adjusting column 37, so as to adjust the axial stress of the fracture end.
The fourth embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, is different from the first embodiment in that in this embodiment, according to different fracture types, the axial stress of the second pressure adjusting device along the steel plate body 4 is adjusted by replacing the pressure adjusting screws 11 with different tail diameters, thereby adjusting the axial stress of the fracture ends.
In the fifth embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, the difference between the fifth embodiment and the first embodiment is that in the present embodiment, the first guide post 27 is disposed in the first pressure adjusting hole 7, and the axial stress of the second pressure adjusting device along the steel plate body 4 is adjusted according to the replacement of the first guide post 27 with a different length, so as to adjust the axial stress of the fracture end.
In the sixth embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the difference between the sixth embodiment and the first embodiment is that, in this embodiment, the first pressure regulating hole 7 is disposed along the axial direction of the steel plate body, the jackscrew 16 is screwed with the steel plate body 4, the tail of the jackscrew 16 abuts against the first pressure regulating column 27, the thickness of the steel plate at the 7 section of the first pressure regulating hole is increased, the first pressure regulating hole 7 can protrude out of the upper surface of the steel plate body 4, and the axial stress of the second pressure regulating device along the steel plate body 4 is adjusted by adjusting the depth of screwing the jackscrew 16, so as to adjust the axial stress of the fracture end, and the first guide column 27 can also be pressed between the tail of the jackscrew 16 and the first pressure regulating column 37.
As shown in fig. 10, the seventh embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that the first pressure adjusting device is an elastic pressure adjusting device, the first pressure adjusting device includes a pressure adjusting screw hole 10 provided on the steel plate body 4, a pressure adjusting screw 11 in the pressure adjusting screw hole 10, a pressure adjusting hole 7 communicating with the pressure adjusting screw hole 10, and a pressure adjusting sleeve 1, a pressure adjusting column 37 is provided below the pressure adjusting sleeve 1, the pressure adjusting column 37 is located in the pressure adjusting hole 7, the pressure adjusting sleeve 1 is connected with the pressure adjusting device two through a traction rod 3, in this embodiment, the pressure adjusting form of the elastic pressure adjusting device is that a spring 9 is installed in the pressure adjusting hole 7, one end of the spring 9 abuts against the pressure adjusting column 37, the other end abuts against the pressure adjusting screw 11 in the pressure adjusting screw hole 10, the radial stress of the pressure adjusting screw 11 is adjusted by changing the spring 9 with different lengths, the axial stress of the pressure adjusting sleeve 1 is changed by the traction rod 3, and the axial stress of the fracture end is adjusted.
The second pressure regulating device is an inelastic pressure regulating device and comprises a second pressure regulating sleeve 6 connected with the traction rod 3 and a second pressure regulating hole 35 communicated with the pressure regulating nail hole 5, a second pressure regulating column 38 is arranged below the second pressure regulating sleeve 6, the second pressure regulating column 38 is located in the pressure regulating nail hole 5, a second guide column 28 is installed in the second pressure regulating hole 35, one end of the second guide column 28 is abutted to a bone screw in the pressure regulating nail hole 5, the other end of the second guide column is abutted to the second pressure regulating column 38, and the second guide column 28 can be omitted.
As shown in fig. 11, the eighth embodiment of the present invention is different from the seventh embodiment in that the second pressure adjusting device is an elastic pressure adjusting device, the second pressure adjusting hole 35 is internally provided with the second spring 32, one end of the second spring 32 is abutted against the bone screw in the pressure adjusting nail hole 5, and the other end is abutted against the second pressure adjusting column 38.
The ninth embodiment of the present invention is different from the eighth embodiment in that more than one second pressure regulating sleeve 6 may be disposed on the traction rod 3, the second pressure regulating column 38 is disposed below each second pressure regulating sleeve 6, the second pressure regulating columns 38 are respectively located in the second different pressure regulating holes 35, the second spring 32 is installed in each second pressure regulating hole 35, one end of the second spring 32 is abutted against the bone screw in the pressure regulating nail hole 5, and the other end is abutted against the second pressure regulating column 38. As shown in fig. 12, the traction rod 3 is provided with three pressure regulating sleeves two 6.
The tenth embodiment of the present invention is different from the ninth embodiment in that, when a plurality of pressure-adjusting screw holes 10 are provided in the steel plate body 4, the pressure-adjusting hole one 7 communicating with the pressure-adjusting screw hole 10 may be provided at a different pressure-adjusting screw hole 10 as shown in fig. 13, may communicate with the third pressure-adjusting screw hole 10 as shown in fig. 14, or may communicate with the fourth pressure-adjusting screw hole 10.
The eleventh embodiment of the present invention is different from the ninth embodiment in that, as shown in fig. 15, a first spring 9 is installed in the first pressure regulating hole 7, two ends of the first spring 9 are fixedly installed with elastic bases, through holes 19 are respectively provided on the elastic bases, the through holes 19 are radially provided along the first spring 9, one end of the first pressure regulating hole 7 is provided with a blind hole, one end of the elastic body is installed in the blind hole, the other end is abutted against a first pressure regulating column 37 in the pressure regulating screw hole 10, and by replacing the first springs 9 with different lengths, the axial stress of the second pressure regulating device along the steel plate body 4 is regulated, thereby regulating the axial stress of the fracture end.
As shown in fig. 16 and 17, the twelfth embodiment of the present invention is different from the ninth embodiment in that a top thread 16 and a spring one 9 are installed in the pressure regulating hole one 7, the top end of the top thread 16 is in threaded connection with the steel plate body 4, the top end of the top thread 16 is abutted against the spring one 9, the thickness of the steel plate at the 7 section of the pressure regulating hole one 7 is thickened, the pressure regulating hole one 7 can protrude out of the upper surface of the steel plate body 4, one end of the spring one 9 is abutted against the top thread 16, the other end is abutted against the pressure regulating column one 37, and the radial stress of the bone screw in the pressure regulating screw hole 5 is regulated by regulating the depth of screwing in of the top thread 16, so as to regulate the axial stress of the fracture end.
The thirteenth embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 18, is different from the ninth embodiment in that a second pressure regulating hole 35 is provided on one side of the pressure regulating nail hole 5 and is in communication with the pressure regulating nail hole, a second spring 32 is installed in the second pressure regulating hole 35, one end of the second spring 32 abuts against a bone screw in the pressure regulating nail hole 5, and the other end abuts against a second pressure regulating column 38.
Traction grooves 12 are respectively formed in two sides of the steel plate body 4, traction holes 36 are respectively formed in the first pressure regulating sleeve 1 and the second pressure regulating sleeve 6, the traction rod 3 penetrates through the traction holes 36 and is fixedly connected with the traction holes, in the embodiment, the traction rod 3 is fixedly connected with the traction holes through a first nut 8, and the traction rod 3 is one of a metal rod or a cable.
As shown in fig. 19 and 20, the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention is different from the ninth embodiment in that two side pressure regulating holes 17 are provided on the steel plate body 4, a first spring 9 is installed in the first pressure regulating hole 7, the side pressure regulating holes 17 are elongated holes provided on two sides of the steel plate body 4 and are axially provided along the steel plate body 4, the elongated holes are at least two screw holes that are communicated with each other, a sliding baffle 18 is provided on the steel plate body 4, screw holes are provided on two ends of the sliding baffle 18, sliding columns are provided in the middle of the sliding baffle 18, the sliding columns are abutted against the first spring 9 and can slide in the first pressure regulating hole 7, the sliding baffle 18 is fixed on the steel plate body 4 through the screw holes by a pressure regulating bolt 13 and a second nut 14, and radial stress of the pressure regulating screw 11 is regulated at different positions in the side pressure regulating holes 17 according to the pressure regulating bolt 13, and further axial stress of the fracture end is regulated.
The fifteenth embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 21 and 22, is different from the first embodiment in that the first pressure regulating column 37 on the first pressure regulating sleeve 1 is installed on the right side of the third fixing nail hole 2, the second pressure regulating sleeve 6 is in a half sleeve form, two ends of the second pressure regulating sleeve are buckled on two sides of the steel plate body 4, the upper surface of the second pressure regulating sleeve 6 is provided with an upper slot hole 24 formed by a long slot hole, the upper slot hole 24 corresponds to the pressure regulating nail hole 5, and the radial dimension of the upper slot hole 24 is larger than the dimension of the pressure regulating nail hole 5.
The sixteenth embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 23 and 24, is different from the fifteenth embodiment in that, when the second pressure regulating sleeve 6 is in a complete form, the upper surface and the lower surface of the pressure regulating sleeve are respectively provided with an upper slot hole 24 and a lower slot hole 25 formed by long slot holes, the upper slot hole 24 and the lower slot hole 25 correspond to the pressure regulating nail hole 5, and the radial sizes of the upper slot hole 24 and the lower slot hole 25 are larger than the size of the pressure regulating nail hole 5.
The seventeenth embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that the first pressure regulating sleeve 1 and the second pressure regulating sleeve 6 are integrally formed, the pressure regulating sleeve is configured as a half sleeve or a complete sleeve according to the connection form with the steel plate body 4, when the pressure regulating sleeve is a half sleeve, as shown in fig. 25 and 26, two ends of the pressure regulating sleeve are buckled on two sides of the steel plate body 4, an upper slot hole 24 formed by a long slot hole is arranged on the upper surface of the pressure regulating sleeve, when the pressure regulating sleeve is a complete sleeve, as shown in fig. 27 and 28, an upper slot hole 24 and a lower slot hole 25 formed by a long slot hole are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the pressure regulating sleeve, the upper slot hole 24 and the lower slot hole 25 correspond to the pressure regulating nail hole 5, and the radial size of the upper slot hole 24 and the lower slot hole 25 is larger than the size of the pressure regulating nail hole 5.
As shown in fig. 29 and 30, the eighteenth embodiment of the present invention is different from the tenth embodiment in that the steel plate body 4 is provided with a sliding hole 34, the sliding hole 34 is communicated with a second pressure regulating hole 35, a sliding plate 23 is installed in the sliding hole 34, a pressure regulating nail hole 5 is provided on the sliding plate 23, a second spring 32 is installed in the second pressure regulating hole 35, one end of the second spring 32 abuts against the sliding plate 23, the other end abuts against a second pressure regulating column 38, and the axial stress of the fracture end is further regulated by regulating the axial stress of the sliding plate 23 to change the radial stress of the bone screw.
As a further optimization of this embodiment, the sliding hole 34 is a special-shaped sliding hole 34, the opening of the upper surface of the steel plate body 4 is larger than the opening of the lower surface, and the axial length of the sliding hole 34 is larger than the axial length of the sliding plate 23. The slide plate 23 is provided with a drop-off prevention plate 21, and is formed in a belt shape according to the size of the surface-covered steel plate body 4. When the first pressure regulating sleeve 1, the second pressure regulating sleeve 6 and the anti-falling plate 21 are in a strip shape or a half sleeve shape, the two sides of the lower surface of the steel plate body 4 can be symmetrically provided with the guide grooves 22, and the arrangement of the guide grooves 22 is convenient for the first pressure regulating sleeve 1, the second pressure regulating sleeve 6 and the anti-falling plate 21 to axially slide along the steel plate body 4, and in the embodiment, the anti-falling plate 21 is in a strip shape.
The nineteenth embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 31 and 32, is different from the eighteenth embodiment in that the anti-falling plate 21 is provided in a half-sleeve form, two ends of the anti-falling plate are buckled on two sides of the steel plate body 4, an upper slot hole 24 formed by a long slot hole is provided on the upper surface, the upper slot hole 24 corresponds to the pressure regulating nail hole 5, and the radial dimension of the upper slot hole 24 is larger than the dimension of the pressure regulating nail hole 5.
The twentieth embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 33 and 34, differs from the nineteenth embodiment in that the drop-off preventing plate 21 is provided in a complete set form, and an upper slot 24 and a lower slot 25 formed by long slots are respectively provided on the upper surface and the lower surface, and the upper slot 24 and the lower slot 25 correspond to the pressure regulating nail hole 5.
A twenty-first embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 35, is different from the eighteenth embodiment in that the strip-shaped anti-drop plate 21 is replaced with at least two anti-drop screws 26, the anti-drop screws 26 are in threaded connection with the steel plate body 4, and the tail parts of the anti-drop screws 26 are pressed on the upper surface of the sliding plate 23 to prevent the sliding plate 23 from falling out of the steel plate body 4.
In a twenty-second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 36, the steel plate body 4 is an arc-shaped steel plate having a certain radian and being consistent with the shape of a bone, the upper surface and the lower surface of the steel plate body 4 are radially provided with arc surfaces having a certain radian, as shown in fig. 37, the steel plate body 4 is provided with at least one k-pin hole 30 for temporarily fixing the bone, and the lower surfaces of both sides of the steel plate body 4 and the anti-drop plate 21 may be provided with grooves. As shown in fig. 41 to 52, one end of the steel plate body 4 may be configured as an anatomic steel plate having a curvature corresponding to the anatomic shape of the human skeleton. Such as a proximal humerus pressure regulating steel plate, a distal fibula outer side elastic steel plate, a distal humerus inner side pressure regulating steel plate, a distal femur outer side pressure regulating steel plate, a distal tibia inner side pressure regulating steel plate, a distal humerus outer side pressure regulating steel plate, a proximal femur outer side elastic steel plate, a distal tibia anterolateral pressure regulating steel plate, a distal radius palmar side pressure regulating steel plate, a proximal tibia outer side pressure regulating steel plate, a phalangeal T-shaped plate pressure regulating steel plate, a distal radius dorsal side pressure regulating steel plate, and the like.
As a further modification of the present invention, the pressure regulating nail hole 5, the pressure regulating hole 7 and the fixing nail hole 2 provided on the steel plate body 4 have one of the following forms:
① One end of the steel plate body 4 is provided with at least two pressure regulating nail holes 5 and at least one pressure regulating hole I7.
② The two ends of the steel plate body 4 are respectively provided with a pressure regulating nail hole 5 and a pressure regulating hole 7, and the pressure regulating nail holes 5 and the pressure regulating holes 7 are symmetrically arranged on the steel plate body 4.
③ One end of the steel plate body 4 is arranged to be a fixed nail hole 2 end, the other end of the steel plate body is arranged to be a pressure regulating nail hole 5 end, one end of the fixed nail hole 2 is arranged to be an anatomical plate consistent with anatomical form of a joint part of a limb of a human body, and the pressure regulating nail hole 5 end is provided with at least two pressure regulating nail holes 5 and at least one pressure regulating hole 7.
As further optimization of the present invention, as shown in fig. 38, 39 and 40, the first pressure regulating device is connected with the second pressure regulating device through a traction rod 3, a traction hole 36 is provided on the first pressure regulating sleeve 1, a threaded section is provided on the traction rod 3, one end of the traction rod 3 passes through the traction hole 36, the other end of the traction rod 3 is fixedly installed on the second pressure regulating sleeve 6 through a fixing piece, the fixing piece is one of a first nut 8, an expansion part 29 or a fixing clamp 33, the traction hole 36 is open, when the first nut 8 is used, a threaded section is provided on the traction rod 3, a first nut 8 is installed on the threaded section, and the first nut 8 is in threaded connection with the traction rod 3. The pulling eye 36 is now open or closed.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention, for example, in fig. 29, 31, 33, 35, the form of the first pressure regulating device is replaced by one of the forms of fig. 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, the form or the moving mode of the first pressure regulating device is changed when the pressure regulating sleeve is arranged on one side of the steel plate body, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made by the first pressure regulating device are included in the protection scope of the present invention.