CN112111176B - 一种氮化硼包覆聚四氟乙烯复合填料及其制备的半固化片和高导热型碳氢覆铜板 - Google Patents
一种氮化硼包覆聚四氟乙烯复合填料及其制备的半固化片和高导热型碳氢覆铜板 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种氮化硼包覆聚四氟乙烯复合填料及其制备的半固化片和高导热型碳氢覆铜板。本发明首先制备了氮化硼包覆聚四氟乙烯复合填料,随后制备得到半固化片。在真空压合的过程中,氮化硼包覆聚四氟乙烯复合填料可抑制二维片层结构的氮化硼在板材平面方向的取向排列,同时,聚四氟乙烯的引入还降低了板材的介电常数,由此制备得到的碳氢覆铜板不仅具有较高的厚度方向上的热导率,还拥有优异的介电性能、热‑机械强度、尺寸稳定性和高铜箔剥离强度,可满足当下高频、高速通信领域对覆铜板材料的功能多元化和复杂化的各项性能要求。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于通信材料领域,具体涉及一种氮化硼包覆聚四氟乙烯复合填料及其制备的半固化片和高导热型碳氢覆铜板。
背景技术
电子产品正朝着小型化、轻型化、薄型化和多功能化的方向快速发展,作为电子元器件主要载体的覆铜板,其集成度越来越高、线路布置越来越精细。因此,覆铜板除了要拥有优异的绝缘性和热-机械性能之外,还应具备良好的导热、散热功能。金属基覆铜板虽拥有最好的散热能力,但其制造成本居高不下、生产难度大,多用于高电流模块。氧化铝基、氮化铝基和氮化硅基等陶瓷基板也拥有良好的热导率,但其机械性能较差。以FR-4为代表的传统热固型覆铜板绝缘性佳、热-机械性能高,又物美价廉、加工方便、通用性强,然而,其热导率极低,仅0.25W/m*K,介电常数和介质损耗又都很高,致使它们只能在低频下使用。为此,人们开发出了聚苯醚类和聚二烯烃类碳氢聚合物基热固型的覆铜板,一方面提升了基板高频下的介电性能;另一方面,通过向基体树脂中引入高填充量的导热材料,例如氮化硼、氮化铝等,提高了基板的热导率。
然而,前述各类热固型树脂与导热填料的复合,常通过溶液混合法、再经上胶-烘烤-固化等步骤来实现,在该工艺中,导热填料的添加量很有限,致使覆铜板的热导率提升很有限;同时,高填充量的高导热填料还会使得覆铜板的介电常数居高不下,严重影响到覆铜板线路设计与加工;更为重要的是,以氮化硼和氮化铝为代表的六方晶型高导热填料,因其具有各向异性,致使覆铜板在其厚度方向上的热导率远小于其平面方向的热导率,综合性能难以满足当下高速、高频、无损和大容量信息传送的需求。
专利公开号为CN111251676A,公开日为2020.06.09的中国发明专利公开了一种高导热改性聚四氟乙烯覆铜板及其制备方法,首先采用硅烷偶联剂对玻璃纤维布进行预处理,然后配制出PTFE/PFEP/L-色氨酸改性氧化石墨烯分散胶液,再将经硅烷偶联剂预处理后的玻璃纤维布浸渍胶液并烘干得到浸渍胶片,将浸渍胶片叠合成指定厚度的生基片,在生基片两侧覆盖铜箔进行热压烧结,得到改性PTFE覆铜板。
但是该发明专利中的覆铜板存在导热效果差,整体机械性能一般的问题。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种氮化硼包覆聚四氟乙烯复合填料及其制备的半固化片和高导热型碳氢覆铜板。
为解决背景技术中所述的问题,本发明首先通过球磨过程有效剥离了六方氮化硼的片层结构、降低了它们的堆叠层数;然后,经碱处理而在其片层边缘接上了丰富的羟基,随后利用复合偶联剂在氮化硼片层结构上同时修饰上胺基/季铵盐和碳碳双键而制备得到改性氮化硼;接着,通过聚四氟乙烯乳液中的表面活性剂全氟辛酸铵与改性氮化硼之间的静电相互作用,使得改性氮化硼薄片包覆于聚四氟乙烯胶束的表面,将大部分溶剂去除之后,经冻干而将该包覆结构良好地固定下来;最后,经高温烘炒而除去全氟辛酸铵,并促使改性氮化硼表面接枝的胺基/季铵盐部分降解,进而制备得到氮化硼包覆聚四氟乙烯复合填料。
随后,利用氮化硼包覆聚四氟乙烯复合填料、辅助高导热填料、可交联基体树脂、改性树脂、其他辅助填料、阻燃剂和引发剂而配制得到可交联碳氢聚合物组合物的上胶液,经浸渍纤维布之后烘干制备得到的半固化片,其含胶量均匀、树脂附着力强、表面平整、韧性和粘性均适宜。
在真空压合时,氮化硼包覆聚四氟乙烯复合填料可以一定程度地抑制具有二维片层结构的氮化硼在板材平面方向的取向排列;同时,因在半固化片中引入了辅助高导热填料来填充缝隙,进一步促进高导热填料之间的搭接,有效提高了覆铜板厚度方向上高导热填料逾渗网络的形成,提升了板材的热导率;同时,聚四氟乙烯的引入还可降低板材的介电常数,由此制备得到的碳氢覆铜板不仅具有高导热系数,拥有优异的介电性能、热-机械强度、尺寸稳定性和高铜箔剥离强度,可满足当下高频、高速通信领域对覆铜板材料的功能多元化和复杂化的各项性能要求。
本发明提供的一种氮化硼包覆聚四氟乙烯复合填料,具体制备方法为:
步骤1、将D50=10~40um的六方氮化硼混入溶剂A中,经球磨制备得到均匀分散液;然后,向所述均匀分散液中加入碱溶液,并于30~80℃下超声反应4~96h之后,经过滤-洗涤至滤液pH值为7~8,最后再经干燥而制备得到片层边缘含有羟基的活化氮化硼薄片;
步骤2、配置偶联剂的水/醇混合溶液,并将其pH值调节到2~5之间,在20~60℃下搅拌活化5~30min后,得到活化的偶联剂溶液;同时,将活化氮化硼薄片重新混入0.5~5wt%水/醇混合溶液中,经球磨分散均匀后,向其中加入活化的偶联剂溶液,并于30~80℃下继续搅拌反应4~24h之后,经过滤-洗涤、再经干燥而制备得到改性氮化硼薄片;
步骤3、将改性氮化硼薄片再重新分散于水中,经球磨工艺分散均匀后,将其混入聚四氟乙烯乳液中,经搅拌混合均匀之后,体系静置12~96h,然后直接倒去体系上层的清水,剩余体系再经冻干工艺除去水分;
步骤4、在空气气氛下,将冻干后的体系于270~380℃下翻炒10~60min后,制备得到了氮化硼包覆聚四氟乙烯复合填料。
进一步优选的技术方案在于:步骤1中所述的溶剂A为水、甲醇、乙醇或异丙醇中的一种、或几种的混合物;
步骤1中所述的碱为氢氧化锂、氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾中的一种、或几种的混合物;
步骤2中所述的偶联剂为偶联剂A和偶联剂B两者的混合物;所述偶联剂A为带端胺基的偶联剂或季铵盐偶联剂中的一种、或几种的混合物;所述偶联剂B为带可反应型碳碳双键的偶联剂中的一种、或几种的混合物;所述偶联剂A与偶联剂B的重量比例控制在10:1~5:1;所述偶联剂的用量占所述活化氮化硼薄片的0.1~5wt%;
步骤3中所述的改性氮化硼薄片占所述聚四氟乙烯树脂的10~50wt%。
一种采用氮化硼包覆聚四氟乙烯复合填料制备的半固化片,具体制备步骤为:
S1、将氮化硼包覆聚四氟乙烯复合填料、辅助高导热填料、可交联基体树脂、改性树脂、其他辅助填料、阻燃剂和引发剂共同混合于有机溶剂中,再经搅拌剪切分散均匀之后制备得到固含量为20~75wt/v%的可交联碳氢树脂组合物的均匀分散液;
S2、将该均匀分散液浸渍纤维布,经烘烤干燥而制备得到半固化片。
进一步优选的技术方案在于:S1中所述的氮化硼包覆聚四氟乙烯复合填料占所述可交联碳氢树脂组合物的5~40wt%;
S1中所述的辅助高导热填料为氮化铝、氮化硼、碳化硅、氮化硅和金刚石中的一种或几种的混合物,其用量占可交联碳氢树脂组合物的2~10wt%;所述的辅助高导热填料可以是片层结构、球形或无定型结构、粒径D50控制在0.3~40um之间,也可以是纤维状结构,纤维直径为0.5~15um、长度为5~500um;
S1中所述的可交联基体树脂为热固型聚芳醚寡聚物和聚二烯烃中的一种或几种的混合物;所述热固型聚芳醚寡聚物为乙烯基修饰聚苯醚及其衍生物中的一种或几种的混合物,其数均分子量控制在400~4000之间,所述的乙烯基存在于聚苯醚的端基或侧基上,单条所述聚芳醚的高分子链上至少含有2个乙烯基官能团;所述聚二烯烃的数均分子量控制在500~6000之间,其1,2-乙烯基含量≥25%;所述热固型聚芳醚寡聚物与所述聚二烯烃的用量控制在10:90~50:50之间;所述的可交联基体树脂占所述可交联碳氢树脂组合物的15~70wt%;
S1中所述的改性树脂为二烯烃-马来酸酐共聚物中的一种或几种的混合物,在单条所述改性树脂高分子链的聚二烯烃嵌段上,至少含有一个反应型碳碳双键侧基;所述改性树脂的数均分子量控制在500~20000之间,其用量占所述可交联碳氢树脂组合物的0~10wt%;
S1中所述的其他辅助填料为SiO2、Al2O3、TiO2、ZnO、MgO、Bi2O3、Al(OH)3、Mg(OH)2、BaTiO3、SrTiO3、Mg2TiO4、Bi2(TiO3)3、PbTiO3、NiTiO3、CaTiO3、ZnTiO3、Zn2TiO4、BaSnO3、Bi2(SnO3)3、CaSnO3、PbSnO3、MgSnO3、SrSnO3、ZnSnO3、BaZrO3、CaZrO3、PbZrO3、MgZrO3、SrZrO3、ZnZrO3、氧化石墨、氟化石墨、滑石粉、云母粉、高岭土、粘土、实心玻璃微珠、空心玻璃微珠、玻璃纤维、玄武岩纤维和碳纤维中的一种或是几种的混合物,还包括超高分子量聚乙烯纤维、凯夫拉纤维、聚酰亚胺、聚醚酰亚胺、聚醚醚酮和聚苯硫醚中的一种或是几种的混合物;所述其他辅助填料的用量占所述可交联碳氢树脂组合物的0~60wt%;
S1中所述的阻燃剂为铝镁系阻燃剂、硼锌系阻燃剂、钼锡系阻燃剂、溴系阻燃剂、三氧化二锑、磷系阻燃剂和氮系阻燃剂中的一种或多种的混合物;所述阻燃剂的用量占所述可交联碳氢树脂组合物的0~35wt%;
S1中所述的引发剂为过氧化物和偶氮化物中的一种或几种的混合物,其半衰期为10h时的热分解温度≥50℃,用量占所述可交联碳氢树脂组合物的0.1~5wt%;
S1中所述的有机溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、苯、甲苯和二甲苯中的一种或几种的混合物。
进一步优选的技术方案在于:S2中所述的纤维布为电子级无碱玻纤布、碳纤维、硼纤维、凯夫拉、聚酰亚胺、聚四氟乙烯、聚酯纤维布和LCP纤维布中的一种;
S2中所述的烘烤干燥分为两个阶段,第一阶段烘烤干燥温度为50~120℃, 时间为1~30min;第二阶段烘烤干燥温度为140~180℃,时间为1~30min。
一种采用半固化片制作的高导热型碳氢覆铜板,具体步骤为:将半固化片、膜和覆于表面的铜箔叠合在一起,经层压工艺制备得到热固型覆铜板;
其中,所述半固化片的张数≥1,膜的张数≥0,铜箔的张数为1或2;
所述层压工艺的层压温度为180~250℃,层压压力为80~150kg/cm2,层压时间为0.5~18h;
所述的膜为含氟聚合物、聚酰亚胺、聚烯烃、聚芳烃、聚酰胺、聚醚酮、聚醚醚酮、聚芳醚、聚芳硫醚、聚芳醚砜、聚芳硫醚砜、聚芳醚酮、聚芳硫醚酮、聚醚砜酮、聚芳醚腈砜、聚芳硫醚腈砜、聚苯基喹喔啉、酚醛树脂、环氧树脂、氰酸酯树脂、聚碳酸酯、聚氨酯和聚甲醛中的一种或多种的混合物;
所述高导热型碳氢覆铜板的厚度控制在0.1~10mm之间。因此,本发明具有良好的工业化生产基础和广阔的应用前景。
具体实施方式
以下通过实施例进一步详细说明本发明提供的一种氮化硼包覆聚四氟乙烯复合填料及其制备的半固化片和高导热型碳氢覆铜板。然而,该实施例仅仅是作为提供说明而不是限定本发明。
合成例 1
取140份BN (D50=20um)混合于3000份纯水中,经球磨分散30min后,向其中加入70份NaOH,在80oC下经超声辅助反应12h之后,再经过滤、多次水洗涤至滤液pH值在7~8之间,滤饼在90oC真空烘箱中烘干后得到活化BN;
配置2wt% H2O/乙醇混合溶液100份,加入2.5份偶联剂KH550和0.28份偶联剂KH570、并于55oC下搅拌5min后,将体系的pH值调节到3~5之间、并继续搅拌20min,得到活化复合偶联剂溶液;
同时取100份活化BN加入到1000份2wt% H2O/乙醇混合溶液中,经球磨分散10min后,将上述活化复合偶联剂溶液加入其中、并于60oC下继续搅拌4h后,经过滤、多次水洗涤产物直至滤液pH值在7~8之间,最后将滤饼放置于90oC真空烘箱中烘干,得到KH570/KH550共同修饰的改性BN。
合成例 2
取140份BN (D50=20um)混合于3000份纯水中,经球磨分散30min后,向其中加入70份NaOH,在80oC下经超声辅助反应12h之后,再经过滤、多次水洗涤至滤液pH值在7~8之间,滤饼在90oC真空烘箱中烘干后得到活化BN;
配置2wt% H2O/乙醇混合溶液100份,加入2.5份偶联剂KH550和0.5份偶联剂KH570、并于55oC下搅拌5min后,将体系的pH值调节到3~5之间、并继续搅拌20min,得到活化复合偶联剂溶液;
同时取100份活化BN加入到1000份2wt% H2O/乙醇混合溶液中,经球磨分散10min后,将上述活化复合偶联剂溶液加入其中、并于60oC下继续搅拌4h之后,经过滤、多次水洗涤产物直至滤液pH值在7~8之间,最后将滤饼放置于90oC真空烘箱中烘干,得到KH570/KH550共同修饰的改性BN。
合成例 3
将90份合成例1中的产物——KH570/KH550共同修饰的改性BN——重新分散于900份水中、并经球磨处理20min,随后将该分散液混入55份聚四氟乙烯乳液中(固含量60wt%),缓慢搅拌混合均匀之后,体系静置42h,然后直接倒去体系上层的清水,再将剩余体系整体浸泡于液氮中冻住,后经冷冻干燥而充分除去水分;
最后,在空气气氛下,将冷冻干燥后的体系置于330oC下翻炒35min后,得到了氮化硼包覆聚四氟乙烯复合填料。
合成例 4
将90份合成例1中的产物——KH570/KH550共同修饰的改性BN——重新分散于900份水中、并经球磨处理20min,将该分散液混入150份聚四氟乙烯乳液中(固含量60wt%),缓慢搅拌混合均匀之后,体系静置70h,然后直接倒去体系上层的清水,再将剩余体系整体浸泡于液氮中冻住,后经冷冻干燥而充分除去水分;
最后,在空气气氛下,将冷冻干燥后的体系置于340oC下翻炒45min后,得到了氮化硼包覆聚四氟乙烯复合填料。
合成例 5
将90份合成例1中的产物——KH570/KH550共同修饰的改性BN——重新分散于900份水中、并经球磨处理20min,将该分散液混入37.5份聚四氟乙烯乳液中(固含量60wt%),缓慢搅拌混合均匀之后,体系静置36h,然后直接倒去体系上层的清水,再将剩余体系整体浸泡于液氮中冻住,后经冷冻干燥而充分除去水分;
最后,在空气气氛下,将冷冻干燥后的体系置于330oC下翻炒30min后,得到了氮化硼包覆聚四氟乙烯复合填料。
合成例 6
将90份合成例2中的产物——KH570/KH550共同修饰的改性BN——重新分散于900份水中、并经球磨处理20min,将该分散液混入150份聚四氟乙烯乳液中(固含量60wt%),缓慢搅拌混合均匀之后,体系静置75h,然后直接倒去体系上层的清水,再将剩余体系整体浸泡于液氮中冻住,后经冷冻干燥而充分除去水分;
最后,在空气气氛下,将冷冻干燥后的体系置于340oC下翻炒45min后,得到了氮化硼包覆聚四氟乙烯复合填料。
实施例1
取18.5份合成例3中的产物——氮化硼包覆聚四氟乙烯复合填料、4份氧化铝、10份氧化硅、30份氢氧化镁、6份氮化铝、9份端乙烯基修饰的聚苯醚(Sabic SA9000)、7份聚丁二烯(克雷威利Ricon154)、4份聚丁二烯(克雷威利Ricon156)、5份聚二烯烃-苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯三元共聚物(克雷威利Ricon257)、3份聚丁二烯-马来酸酐共聚物(克雷威利Ricon130MA8)和5份十溴二苯乙烷混合于甲苯中,于50℃下搅拌24h以充分溶解-分散均匀后,降至室温,加入0.9份过氧化二苯甲酰,进一步搅拌均匀;采用1078玻纤布浸胶,再经烘烤干燥得到半固化片,其中,第一阶段烘烤温度为80℃, 时间为3min,第二阶段烘烤温度为140℃,时间为1min;取9张半固化片叠合在一起,最上下两面分别附上背胶铜箔,在压力为70~90kg/cm2、温度为220℃情况下层压2h,制得高导热热固型碳氢聚合物基覆铜板。
实施例2
取18.5份合成例4中的产物——氮化硼包覆聚四氟乙烯复合填料、4份氧化铝、10份氧化硅、25份氢氧化镁、5份氮化铝、9份端乙烯基修饰的聚苯醚(Sabic SA9000)、7份聚丁二烯(克雷威利Ricon154)、4份聚丁二烯(克雷威利Ricon156)、5份聚二烯烃-苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯三元共聚物(克雷威利Ricon257)、3份聚丁二烯-马来酸酐共聚物(克雷威利Ricon130MA8)、9份十溴二苯乙烷和3份三氧化二锑混合于甲苯中,于50℃下搅拌24h以充分溶解-分散均匀后,降至室温,加入0.9份过氧化二苯甲酰,进一步搅拌均匀;采用1078玻纤布浸胶,再经烘烤干燥得到半固化片,其中,第一阶段烘烤温度为80℃, 时间为3min,第二阶段烘烤温度为140℃,时间为1min;取9张半固化片叠合在一起,最上下两面分别附上背胶铜箔,在压力为70~90kg/cm2、温度为220℃情况下层压2h,制得高导热热固型碳氢聚合物基覆铜板。
实施例3
取18.5份合成例5中的产物——氮化硼包覆聚四氟乙烯复合填料、6份氧化铝、10份氧化硅、25份氢氧化镁、5份氮化铝、9份端乙烯基修饰的聚苯醚(Sabic SA9000)、7份聚丁二烯(克雷威利Ricon154)、6份聚丁二烯(克雷威利Ricon156)、3份聚二烯烃-苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯三元共聚物(克雷威利Ricon257)、3份聚丁二烯-马来酸酐共聚物(克雷威利Ricon130MA8)和7.5份十溴二苯乙烷、2.5份三氧化二锑混合于甲苯中,于50℃下搅拌24h以充分溶解-分散均匀后,降至室温,加入0.7份过氧化二苯甲酰和0.2份过苯甲酸特丁酯,进一步搅拌均匀;采用1078玻纤布浸胶,再经烘烤干燥得到半固化片,其中,第一阶段烘烤温度为80℃, 时间为3min,第二阶段烘烤温度为140℃,时间为1min;取9张半固化片叠合在一起,最上下两面分别附上背胶铜箔,在压力为70~90kg/cm2、温度为220℃情况下层压2h,制得高导热热固型碳氢聚合物基覆铜板。
实施例4
取18.5份合成例6中的产物——氮化硼包覆聚四氟乙烯复合填料、4份氧化铝、10份石英、30份氢氧化镁、6份氮化铝、9份端乙烯基修饰的聚苯醚(Sabic SA9000)、7份聚丁二烯(克雷威利Ricon154)、4份聚丁二烯(克雷威利Ricon156)、5份聚二烯烃-苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯三元共聚物(克雷威利Ricon257)、3份聚丁二烯-马来酸酐共聚物(克雷威利Ricon130MA8)和5份十溴二苯乙烷混合于甲苯中,于50℃下搅拌24h以充分溶解-分散均匀后,降至室温,加入0.9份过氧化二苯甲酰,进一步搅拌均匀;采用1078玻纤布浸胶,再经烘烤干燥得到半固化片,其中,第一阶段烘烤温度为80℃, 时间为3min,第二阶段烘烤温度为140℃,时间为2min;取9张半固化片叠合在一起,最上下两面分别附上背胶铜箔,在压力为70~90kg/cm2、温度为220℃情况下层压2h,制得高导热热固型碳氢聚合物基覆铜板。
综上所述,本发明具有良好的工业化生产基础和广阔的应用前景。
以上实施例并非对本发明中组合物的含量作任何限制。凡是依据本发明的技术实质或组合物成份或含量对以上实施例所作的任何细微修改、等同变化与修饰,均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。
Claims (5)
1.一种氮化硼包覆聚四氟乙烯复合填料,其特征在于具体制备方法为:
步骤1、将D50=10~40um的六方氮化硼混入溶剂A中,经球磨制备得到均匀分散液;然后,向所述均匀分散液中加入碱溶液,并于30~80℃下超声反应4~96h之后,经过滤-洗涤至滤液pH值为7~8,最后再经干燥而制备得到片层边缘含有羟基的活化氮化硼薄片;
步骤2、配置偶联剂的水/醇混合溶液,并将其pH值调节到2~5之间,在20~60℃下搅拌活化5~30min后,得到活化的偶联剂溶液;同时,将活化氮化硼薄片重新混入0.5~5wt%水/醇混合溶液中,经球磨分散均匀后,向其中加入活化的偶联剂溶液,并于30~80℃下继续搅拌反应4~24h之后,经过滤-洗涤、再经干燥而制备得到改性氮化硼薄片;
步骤3、将改性氮化硼薄片再重新分散于水中,经球磨工艺分散均匀后,将其混入聚四氟乙烯乳液中,经搅拌混合均匀之后,体系静置12~96h,然后直接倒去体系上层的清水,剩余体系再经冻干工艺除去水分;
步骤4、在空气气氛下,将冻干后的体系于270~380℃下翻炒10~60min后,制备得到了氮化硼包覆聚四氟乙烯复合填料,
步骤1中所述的溶剂A为水、甲醇、乙醇或异丙醇中的一种、或几种的混合物;
步骤1中所述的碱为氢氧化锂、氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾中的一种、或几种的混合物;
步骤2中所述的偶联剂为偶联剂A和偶联剂B两者的混合物;所述偶联剂A为带端胺基的偶联剂或季铵盐偶联剂中的一种、或几种的混合物;所述偶联剂B为带可反应型碳碳双键的偶联剂中的一种、或几种的混合物;所述偶联剂A与偶联剂B的重量比例控制在10:1~5:1;所述偶联剂的用量占所述活化氮化硼薄片的0.1~5wt%;
步骤3中所述的改性氮化硼薄片占所述聚四氟乙烯树脂的10~50wt%。
2.一种采用如权利要求1所述的氮化硼包覆聚四氟乙烯复合填料制备的半固化片,其特征在于具体制备步骤为:
S1、将氮化硼包覆聚四氟乙烯复合填料、辅助高导热填料、可交联基体树脂、改性树脂、其他辅助填料、阻燃剂和引发剂共同混合于有机溶剂中,再经搅拌剪切分散均匀之后制备得到固含量为20~75wt/v%的可交联碳氢树脂组合物的均匀分散液;
S2、将该均匀分散液浸渍纤维布,经烘烤干燥而制备得到半固化片。
3.如权利要求2所述的半固化片,其特征在于S1中所述的氮化硼包覆聚四氟乙烯复合填料占所述可交联碳氢树脂组合物的5~40wt%;
S1中所述的辅助高导热填料为氮化铝、氮化硼、碳化硅、氮化硅和金刚石中的一种或几种的混合物,其用量占可交联碳氢树脂组合物的2~10wt%;所述的辅助高导热填料是片层结构、球形或无定型结构、粒径D50控制在0.3~40um之间,或者是纤维状结构,纤维直径为0.5~15um、长度为5~500um;
S1中所述的可交联基体树脂为热固型聚芳醚寡聚物和聚二烯烃中的一种或几种的混合物;所述热固型聚芳醚寡聚物为乙烯基修饰聚苯醚及其衍生物中的一种或几种的混合物,其数均分子量控制在400~4000之间,所述的乙烯基存在于聚苯醚的端基或侧基上,单条所述聚芳醚的高分子链上至少含有2个乙烯基官能团;所述聚二烯烃的数均分子量控制在500~6000之间,其1,2-乙烯基含量≥25%;所述热固型聚芳醚寡聚物与所述聚二烯烃的用量控制在10:90~50:50之间;所述的可交联基体树脂占所述可交联碳氢树脂组合物的15~70wt%;
S1中所述的改性树脂为二烯烃-马来酸酐共聚物中的一种或几种的混合物,在单条所述改性树脂高分子链的聚二烯烃嵌段上,至少含有一个反应型碳碳双键侧基;所述改性树脂的数均分子量控制在500~20000之间,其用量占所述可交联碳氢树脂组合物的0~10wt%;
S1中所述的其他辅助填料为SiO2、Al2O3、TiO2、ZnO、MgO、Bi2O3、Al(OH)3、Mg(OH)2、BaTiO3、SrTiO3、Mg2TiO4、Bi2(TiO3)3、PbTiO3、NiTiO3、CaTiO3、ZnTiO3、Zn2TiO4、BaSnO3、Bi2(SnO3)3、CaSnO3、PbSnO3、MgSnO3、SrSnO3、ZnSnO3、BaZrO3、CaZrO3、PbZrO3、MgZrO3、SrZrO3、ZnZrO3、氧化石墨、氟化石墨、滑石粉、云母粉、高岭土、粘土、实心玻璃微珠、空心玻璃微珠、玻璃纤维、玄武岩纤维和碳纤维中的一种或是几种的混合物,还包括超高分子量聚乙烯纤维、凯夫拉纤维、聚酰亚胺、聚醚酰亚胺、聚醚醚酮和聚苯硫醚中的一种或是几种的混合物;所述其他辅助填料的用量占所述可交联碳氢树脂组合物的0~60wt%;
S1中所述的阻燃剂为铝镁系阻燃剂、硼锌系阻燃剂、钼锡系阻燃剂、溴系阻燃剂、三氧化二锑、磷系阻燃剂和氮系阻燃剂中的一种或多种的混合物;所述阻燃剂的用量占所述可交联碳氢树脂组合物的0~35wt%;
S1中所述的引发剂为过氧化物和偶氮化物中的一种或几种的混合物,其半衰期为10h时的热分解温度≥50℃,用量占所述可交联碳氢树脂组合物的0.1~5wt%;
S1中所述的有机溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、苯、甲苯和二甲苯中的一种或几种的混合物。
4.如权利要求2所述的半固化片,其特征在于S2中所述的纤维布为电子级无碱玻纤布、碳纤维、硼纤维、凯夫拉、聚酰亚胺、聚四氟乙烯、聚酯纤维布和LCP纤维布中的一种;
S2中所述的烘烤干燥分为两个阶段,第一阶段烘烤干燥温度为50~120℃, 时间为1~30min;第二阶段烘烤干燥温度为140~180℃,时间为1~30min。
5.一种采用如权利要求2所述的半固化片制作的高导热型碳氢覆铜板,其特征在于具体步骤为:将半固化片、膜和覆于表面的铜箔叠合在一起,经层压工艺制备得到热固型覆铜板;
其中,所述半固化片的张数≥1,膜的张数≥0,铜箔的张数为1或2;
所述层压工艺的层压温度为180~250℃,层压压力为80~150kg/cm2,层压时间为0.5~18h;
所述的膜为含氟聚合物、聚酰亚胺、聚烯烃、聚芳烃、聚酰胺、聚醚酮、聚醚醚酮、聚芳醚、聚芳硫醚、聚芳醚砜、聚芳硫醚砜、聚芳醚酮、聚芳硫醚酮、聚醚砜酮、聚芳醚腈砜、聚芳硫醚腈砜、聚苯基喹喔啉、酚醛树脂、环氧树脂、氰酸酯树脂、聚碳酸酯、聚氨酯和聚甲醛中的一种或多种的混合物;
所述高导热型碳氢覆铜板的厚度控制在0.1~10mm之间。
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