CN112087006A - A battery pack, charging system and discharging system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a battery pack, which is detachably connected to an external device for charging or discharging, wherein the external device comprises an electrical appliance and a charger, the battery pack comprises a storage unit, a communication unit and a communication terminal, and the storage unit stores charging parameters and discharging parameters of the battery pack; the communication unit is connected to the external device through the communication terminal and establishes communication with the external device, and the communication unit is connected to the storage unit and transmits the charging parameter or the discharging parameter to the external device from the communication terminal, so that the external device controls a charging process or a discharging process according to the charging parameter or the discharging parameter. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the battery pack can be well controlled in charging or discharging on different external devices, and is wide in adaptation range and high in universality.

Description

A battery pack, charging system and discharging system

technical field

The invention relates to the field of power supplies, in particular to a battery pack, a charging system and a discharging system.

Background technique

In the field of power tools, power tools often use high-energy-density battery packs as portable power sources to power power tools. The battery pack is composed of multiple batteries. There is an interface unit that can be connected to the tool or the charger. The battery pack discharges when it is connected with the tool, and the charger charges the battery in the battery pack when it is connected with the charger. , for repeated use. With the development of technology, lithium battery packs made of lithium batteries have gradually become the mainstream. Due to the advantages of lithium batteries such as high energy density, lithium battery packs have the advantages of large capacity and small size, which are used for hand-held power tools and even electric vehicles. energy.

A power tool can be adapted to several different types of battery packs, such as 1P-2.0AH and 2P-4.0AH battery packs, or 21700-1P and 18650-1P battery packs, and a charger can also be connected to the above Several battery packs are available at low cost for users to purchase. These replaceable battery packs have certain differences in charging or discharging due to different internal device selection or circuit connections. For better control, an identification element representing the type is usually set in the battery pack. External devices such as power tools and chargers can detect the identification element to identify the type of the battery pack, thereby setting different charging or discharging control parameters. Such battery packs and chargers/power tools are designed as a set. If the battery packs are designed with three types of 1P, 2P, and 3P, the tools or chargers in the set can only identify the corresponding three types of battery packs. 3 kinds of identification elements are designed, but other types of battery packs cannot be identified and the charge and discharge are well controlled, and the type 3 battery packs in the set can not work optimally when they are deployed to external equipment outside the case. In this way, the adaptation range of the battery pack and the external device is small, and the versatility is low.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Based on this, in order to solve the problems of small adaptation range and low versatility between the battery pack and external devices, an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery pack with high adaptability: a battery pack that is detachably connected to An external device for charging or discharging, the external device includes an electrical appliance and a charger, characterized in that the battery pack includes a storage unit, a communication unit and a communication terminal, and the storage unit stores the charge of the battery pack parameters and discharge parameters; the communication unit is connected to the external device through the communication terminal and establishes communication with the external device, the communication unit is connected to the storage unit, and sends the charging parameter or all the charging parameters from the communication terminal The discharge parameter is sent to the external device, so that the external device controls the charging process or the discharging process according to the charging parameter or the discharging parameter.

Further, the charging parameter includes a maximum allowable charging current; the charger sets a constant-current charging current value according to the maximum allowable charging current, and controls the constant-current charging process.

Further, the charging parameters include a maximum allowable charging temperature and a minimum allowable charging temperature; the charger sets a charging over-temperature protection value according to the maximum allowable charging temperature and the minimum allowable charging temperature. The temperature of the battery pack is compared with the charging over-temperature protection value. When the temperature of the battery pack exceeds the charging over-temperature protection value, an over-temperature fault occurs and the charger stops the charging process.

Further, the charging parameter includes a maximum allowable charging voltage; the charger sets a constant-voltage charging voltage value according to the maximum allowable charging voltage, and controls the constant-voltage charging process.

Further, the discharge parameters include the maximum allowable discharge current; the electrical appliance sets an overcurrent protection value according to the maximum allowable discharge current, the electrical appliance detects the discharge current, and when the discharge current is greater than or equal to the overcurrent protection value, use the The appliance stops the discharge process.

Further, the discharge parameters include a maximum allowable discharge temperature and a minimum allowable discharge temperature; the electrical appliance sets a discharge over-temperature protection value according to the maximum allowable discharge temperature and the minimum allowable discharge temperature, and the electrical appliance obtains the temperature of the battery pack. , compare the temperature of the battery pack with the discharge over-temperature protection value, when the temperature of the battery pack exceeds the discharge over-temperature protection value, an over-temperature fault occurs, and the electrical appliance stops the discharge process.

Further, the discharge parameter includes a minimum allowable discharge voltage; the electrical appliance sets an overdischarge protection value according to the minimum allowable discharge voltage of the battery pack, the electrical appliance obtains the discharge voltage of the battery pack, The discharge voltage is compared with the over-discharge protection value. When the discharge voltage of the battery pack is less than or equal to the over-discharge protection value, an over-discharge fault occurs, and the electrical appliance stops the discharge process.

An embodiment of the present invention also provides a charging system with high adaptability, which includes a charger and a battery pack, the battery pack is detachably mounted on the charger for charging, and is characterized in that: the battery pack It includes a storage unit, a communication unit and a communication terminal; the storage unit stores the charging parameters of the battery pack, the communication unit is connected to the charger through the communication terminal and establishes communication with the charger, the communication The unit is connected to the memory, and sends the charging parameters to the charger through the communication terminal; the charger receives the charging parameters and controls the charging process according to the charging parameters.

Further, the charging parameter includes a maximum allowable charging current, and the charger sets a constant-current charging current value according to the maximum allowable charging current to control the constant-current charging process.

Further, the charging parameters include a maximum allowable charging temperature and a minimum allowable charging temperature; the charger sets an over-temperature protection value according to the maximum allowable charging temperature and the minimum allowable charging temperature, and the charger obtains the temperature of the battery pack, Comparing the temperature of the battery pack with the charging over-temperature protection value, when the temperature of the battery pack exceeds the charging over-temperature protection value, an over-temperature fault occurs, and the charger stops the charging process.

Further, the charging parameter includes a maximum allowable charging voltage; the charger sets a constant-voltage charging voltage value according to the maximum allowable charging voltage, and controls the constant-voltage charging process.

An embodiment of the present invention also provides a highly adaptable discharge system: including an electrical appliance and a battery pack, the battery pack is detachably mounted on the electrical appliance for discharging, and characterized in that: the battery pack It includes a storage unit, a communication unit and a communication terminal; the storage unit stores the discharge parameters of the battery pack, the communication unit is connected to the electrical appliance through the communication terminal and establishes communication with the electrical appliance, and the communication The unit is connected to the memory, and sends the discharge parameter to the electrical appliance through the communication terminal; the electrical appliance receives the discharge parameter and controls the discharge process according to the discharge parameter.

Further, the discharge parameters include the maximum allowable discharge current; the electrical appliance sets an overcurrent protection value according to the maximum allowable discharge current, the electrical appliance detects the discharge current, and when the discharge current is greater than or equal to the overcurrent protection value, use the The appliance stops the discharge process.

Further, the discharge parameters include a maximum allowable discharge temperature and a minimum allowable discharge temperature; the electrical appliance sets a discharge over-temperature protection value according to the maximum allowable discharge temperature and the minimum allowable discharge temperature, and the electrical appliance obtains the temperature of the battery pack. , compare the temperature of the battery pack with the discharge over-temperature protection value, when the temperature of the battery pack exceeds the discharge over-temperature protection value, an over-temperature fault occurs, and the electrical appliance stops the discharge process.

Further, the discharge parameter includes a minimum allowable discharge voltage; the electrical appliance sets an overdischarge protection value according to the minimum allowable discharge voltage of the battery pack, the electrical appliance obtains the voltage of the battery pack, and the voltage of the battery pack is calculated by the electrical appliance. Compared with the over-discharge protection value, when the voltage of the battery pack is less than or equal to the over-discharge protection value, an over-discharge fault occurs, and the electrical appliance stops the discharging process.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention: the battery pack is connected to the external device through communication, and the preset charging parameters and discharging parameters can be sent to the external device through the communication unit, so that the external device can Or the discharge parameter controls the charging process or the discharging process. Compared with the traditional technology, the battery pack can only be adapted to a fixed type of external device, and the external device can only be adapted to a battery pack of a fixed signal. high.

Description of drawings

The above-mentioned purposes, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention can be achieved through the following accompanying drawings:

1 is a flowchart of a method for identifying a working state of a battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present application;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack provided by another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack provided by another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack provided by another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack provided by another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack provided by another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack provided by another embodiment of the present application;

9 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack provided by another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack provided by another embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for the purpose of illustration only and do not represent the only embodiment.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terms used herein in the description of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1 , an embodiment of the present application provides a method for identifying a working state of a battery pack, wherein the battery pack is connected to an external device for charging or discharging. External devices include electrical appliances and chargers, and working states include charging and discharging states. The battery pack includes a communication terminal to establish communication with the external device when the battery pack is connected to the external device. The method includes the following steps:

S100: Detect whether the communication terminal of the battery pack receives a digital signal from an external device.

After the battery pack is powered on, the communication function is turned on to communicate with external devices. During the communication process, the external device acts as a host to send digital signals, and the battery pack acts as a slave to receive digital signals and reply. In this embodiment, the digital signal may be a handshake signal. First, the battery pack needs to determine whether the external device has a communication function, that is, after the battery pack is powered on, the control module in the battery pack detects whether it receives a digital signal sent by the external device within a certain period of time.

S300: If yes, determine the type of the external device according to the digital signal.

Among them, the digital signal carries the information of the external device, such as the type information of the external device, then different types of external devices can send different digital signals, and the battery pack can identify the difference of the digital signals to determine whether the external device uses electrical appliances or charger. For example, the digital signal may be a handshake signal sent by a communication-capable external device. The source address information carried in the handshake signal sent by different external devices is also different. Therefore, after the battery pack receives the handshake signal, the type of the external device can be determined according to the source address of the handshake signal.

S500: If no, detect the analog signal at the communication terminal of the battery pack, and determine the type of the external device according to the analog signal.

If the battery pack does not receive a digital signal within a certain period of time, it is determined that the external device does not have the communication function, that is, the battery pack cannot obtain data through the communication function to know the type of the external device. At this time, the control module of the battery pack turns off the communication function, and detects the analog signal at the communication terminal of the battery pack to determine the type of the external device. In this embodiment, the analog signal may be the voltage state at the communication terminal. In other embodiments, the control module of the battery pack can also choose not to turn off the communication function, because the battery pack acts as a communication slave and is in the receiving state by default, does not actively send data to the communication terminal, and does not affect the detection of the analog signal of the communication terminal.

The communication terminals of the battery pack are used to connect external devices, and the external devices include electrical appliances or chargers. When the chargers or electrical appliances are respectively connected to the battery pack, the communication terminals in the charger or electrical appliances are connected to the communication terminals of the battery pack. The analog circuits are different, resulting in different analog signals reflected on the communication terminals. Therefore, the battery pack can determine the type of external equipment by detecting the analog signals at the communication terminals.

S700: When it is determined that the external device is a charger, the battery pack is in a charging state.

S900: When it is determined that the external device is an electrical appliance, the battery pack is in a discharging state.

The above embodiment provides a method for identifying the working state of a battery pack and a battery pack. The battery pack communicates with an external device by detecting a digital signal at a communication terminal to determine whether the external connection is a charger or an electrical appliance, and then determine whether to charge or discharge. When the external device does not have the communication function, the battery pack can also judge the type of the external device by detecting the analog signal at the communication terminal, that is, the battery pack can be used for either the external device without the communication function or the external device with the communication function. , There are many usage scenarios, and the battery pack only needs one port to receive both digital signals and analog signals to determine the type of external equipment, with a small number of ports and a high degree of integration.

Please continue to refer to FIG. 1 , in one embodiment, the digital signal includes a first handshake signal and a second handshake signal. Determining the type of external devices based on digital signals includes:

S320: When the digital signal is the first handshake signal, determine that the external device is a charger.

When the handshake signal is the first handshake signal, and the battery pack detects the source address of the first handshake signal after receiving the first handshake signal, it can be determined that the external connection is a charger. After recognizing the first handshake signal, the battery pack replies to the first handshake signal. After the battery pack recognizes that the external device is a charger, the battery pack only performs overcharge judgment in overcharge judgment and overdischarge judgment. In this embodiment, when the battery pack performs overcharge judgment, the battery pack collects the voltage of the battery pack to determine whether it is overcharged. If it is overcharged, it outputs an abnormal signal. The charger receives the abnormal signal and stops charging. If it is overcharged, it will enter the charging state.

In other embodiments, after the battery pack receives the handshake signal, if the handshake signal cannot be recognized, it will reply with an unrecognized signal. At this time, the external device fails to shake hands with the battery pack, and the battery pack judges by detecting the analog signal at the communication terminal. Type of external device.

S340: Receive a parameter reading instruction sent by the charger.

After the handshake between the battery pack and the charger is successful, the battery pack can establish a communication relationship with the charger. During communication, the charger acts as the host to send commands, and the battery pack acts as the slave to receive commands. Every first preset time, the charger sends a parameter reading command, and the battery pack receives a parameter reading command from the charger every first preset time.

S360: Send the working parameters and/or state parameters of the battery pack according to the parameter reading instruction.

After receiving the parameter reading command, the battery pack parses the information carried by the parameter reading command, and sends the corresponding working parameters and/or status parameters to the charger.

The working parameters are fixed and invariable parameters determined by the selection of the battery pack cells and the series-parallel structure characteristics of the battery cells, which reflect the limit value of the battery pack's allowable operation. The working parameters have been stored in the battery pack in advance. In this embodiment, since the external device is a charger, the working parameters corresponding to charging include preset charging parameters, and the types of charging parameters include preset voltage information, preset current information, and preset temperature information. The preset voltage information may be the maximum allowable charging voltage of the battery pack, the preset current information may be the maximum allowable charging current, and the preset temperature information may be the maximum allowable charging temperature and the minimum allowable charging temperature. The state parameter is a parameter that reflects the current state of the battery pack and changes in real time during the working process of the battery pack, and is a variation. In this embodiment, the state parameter includes any one of the voltage of the entire package, the voltage of a single cell of the battery cell, the temperature of the battery package, and the fault state. The fault state may be an overcharge fault, an overdischarge fault, an overtemperature fault, an unbalanced fault, and the like. The charger may adjust the state of charge according to the received operating parameters and/or state parameters.

S380: Receive a charging state notification instruction sent by the charger, and enter a low power consumption mode, where the charging state notification instruction includes fault information of the charger or full charge information of the battery pack.

Understandably, the battery pack has a normal power mode and a low power mode. The low power consumption mode has a first power consumption, and the normal power consumption mode has a second power consumption, and the first power consumption is smaller than the second power consumption. The first power consumption or the second power consumption may be a numerical value or a numerical range.

The charger can judge whether the battery pack is fully charged according to the whole pack voltage of the battery pack in the status parameters received by the communication terminal, or the charger directly detects the whole pack voltage of the battery pack or other judgment conditions. Send a charging status notification command, and the charging status notification command carries the full charge information of the battery pack. After the battery pack receives the charging state notification instruction, it is learned that the battery pack is fully charged, and the control module controls the battery pack to enter the low power consumption mode from the normal power consumption mode.

In another embodiment, if the charger determines that it is faulty, it also sends a charging status notification command, the charging status notification command carries the fault information of the charger, and at the same time, the charger stops charging the battery pack. After the battery pack receives the charging state notification instruction, and learns that the charger is faulty and cannot be recharged, the battery pack enters a low power consumption mode.

Further, please continue to refer to FIG. 1, in one embodiment, after judging the type of the external device according to the digital signal, it further includes:

S310: When the digital signal is the second handshake signal, determine that the external device is an electrical appliance.

After the battery pack receives the second handshake signal, it can be determined that the external connection is an electrical appliance according to the source address carried by the second handshake signal. If the battery pack replies with the second handshake signal, the handshake is successful. After the battery pack recognizes that the external device is an electrical appliance, it only performs the over-discharge judgment in the over-charge judgment and over-discharge judgment. In this embodiment, the battery pack performs the over-discharge judgment as the battery pack collects the voltage of the battery pack to determine whether it is over-discharged. , if over-discharge occurs, an abnormal signal is output to the outside, and the electrical appliance receives the abnormal signal and stops discharging.

When the battery pack communicates with the electrical appliance, the electrical appliance first sends a second handshake signal every preset time, and the battery pack replies to the second handshake signal every preset time. After the handshake is successful, the electrical appliance sends the parameter reading command. , that is, the appliance will cyclically send the second handshake signal and the parameter reading command. Of course, the electrical appliance can also send the second handshake signal only once, and after the handshake is successful, the parameter reading command is sent cyclically.

In other embodiments, after the battery pack receives the second handshake signal, if it cannot identify the second handshake signal, it will reply with an unidentifiable signal. At this time, the external device fails to shake hands with the battery pack, and the battery pack passes the detection of the signal at the communication terminal. Analog signal to determine the type of external device.

S330: Receive a parameter reading instruction of the electrical appliance.

Whenever the battery pack and the electrical appliance shake hands successfully, the battery pack can receive and parse the parameter reading instruction sent by the electrical appliance.

S350: Send the working parameters and/or state parameters of the battery pack according to the parameter reading instruction.

The battery pack sends corresponding working parameters and/or state parameters to the electrical appliance according to the parsed command information. In this embodiment, the working parameters are fixed parameters determined by the selection of cells in the battery pack, the series-parallel structure characteristics of the cells, etc., which reflect the limit value of the allowable operation of the battery pack, and the working parameters are pre-stored in the battery pack. In this embodiment, since the external device is an electrical appliance, the working parameters corresponding to discharge include preset discharge parameters, and the types of discharge parameters also include preset voltage information, preset current information, and preset temperature information. The preset voltage information may be the minimum allowable discharge voltage of the battery pack, the preset current information may be the maximum allowable discharge current, and the preset temperature information may be the maximum allowable discharge temperature and the minimum allowable discharge temperature. The state parameter is a parameter that reflects the current state of the battery pack and changes in real time during the working process of the battery pack, and is a variation. In this embodiment, the state parameter includes any one of the voltage of the whole package, the voltage of a single cell of the battery cell, the temperature of the battery package, and the fault state. The fault state may be an overcharge fault, an overdischarge fault, an overtemperature fault, an unbalanced fault, and the like. The electrical appliance can adjust the working state according to the received working parameters and/or state parameters.

The method for identifying the working state of the battery pack provided by the above-mentioned embodiments can establish a communication relationship with the external device, determine the type of the external device through the digital signal number obtained by the communication terminal, and can also detect the analog signal of the communication terminal to identify the external device. type. Therefore, the method for the battery pack provided in this embodiment adopts two different identification methods by detecting the signal on the same terminal, so that not only the type of the external device with the communication function can be detected, but also the external device without the communication function can be detected. The type of equipment, the method is simple and effective, the number of hardware ports that depends on it is small, and the integration is high. The battery pack applying this method is generally used for external equipment of two different platforms without communication and with communication, and has many use scenarios. High versatility.

In another embodiment, if the battery pack does not detect the digital signal at the communication terminal for a period of time, it means that the external device does not have the communication function, and the analog signal at the communication terminal is detected to determine the type of the external device.

In this embodiment, the battery pack can determine the connection state between the communication terminal and the external device according to the analog signal. It should be noted that a charger without a communication function has a port adapted to the communication terminal of the battery pack, and an electrical appliance without a communication function does not have a port adapted to the communication terminal. Therefore, when the external device is a device without communication function, when the battery pack is connected to the charger and the electrical appliance respectively, the voltage status of the analog signal at the communication terminal is different, and the connection status of the communication terminal is different, the battery pack can pass the detection The voltage state of the analog voltage of the communication terminal or the connection state at the communication terminal determines the type of the external device. There is a preset voltage value in the battery pack. If the battery pack detects that the voltage state of the analog signal at the communication terminal is greater than or equal to the preset voltage value, the connection status at the communication terminal is connected, and the battery pack can determine that the external device is a charger . If the battery pack detects that the voltage state of the analog signal at the communication terminal is less than the preset voltage value, the connection status at the communication terminal is disconnected, and the battery pack can determine that the external device is an electrical appliance.

In another embodiment, both the charger and the electrical appliance without the communication function have ports adapted to the communication terminals, but the analog circuits at the ports where the charger and the electrical appliance are respectively connected with the communication terminals of the battery pack are different, If the voltage state of the analog signal displayed on the communication terminal is different, the battery pack determines the type of the external device by detecting the magnitude of the analog signal at the communication terminal. If the voltage state of the analog signal is greater than or equal to the preset voltage value, the external device is determined to be a charger, and if the voltage state of the analog signal is less than the preset voltage value, the external device is determined to be an electrical appliance. For example, the charger provides a pull-up resistor of R1 resistance and a pull-up voltage of 5V to the communication terminal of the battery pack, and the electrical appliance provides a pull-up resistor of R1 resistance and a pull-up voltage of 3.3V, then the battery pack is on The voltage states of the charger and the consumer when connected to the communication terminal are different.

The battery pack provided by the above-mentioned embodiment can be used for both external devices with communication functions and external devices without communication functions. The external device with the corresponding port can also be used for electrical appliances that do not have the port compatible with the communication terminal, and the application scenarios are wide.

Referring to FIG. 2 , another embodiment of the present application provides a battery pack including a control module 110 and a communication terminal 120 . Among them, the communication terminal 120 is used to connect external devices, and the types of external devices include electrical appliances and chargers. In this embodiment, the control module 110 may be an MCU (Microcontroller Unit, micro control unit).

After the battery pack is connected to an external device, the control module 110 is configured to detect whether a digital signal is received from the communication terminal 120 within a preset time. In this embodiment, the digital signal may be a handshake signal sent by an external device. When the control module 110 detects the digital signal through the communication terminal 120, the type of the external device can be determined according to the digital signal.

When the control module 110 does not detect the digital signal within the preset time, the control module 110 determines that the external device does not have the communication function. At this time, the control module 110 detects the analog signal at the communication terminal 120 to determine the type of the external device.

When the control module 110 determines that the external device is a charger, the battery pack is in a charging state. When it is judged that the external device is an electrical appliance, the battery pack is in a discharged state.

The battery pack provided by the above embodiment communicates with the external device by detecting the digital signal at the communication terminal to determine whether the external connection is a charger or an electrical appliance, and then determine whether to charge or discharge. When the external device does not have the communication function, the battery pack can also judge the type of the external device by detecting the analog signal at the communication terminal, that is, the battery pack can be used for either the external device without the communication function or the external device with the communication function. , There are many usage scenarios, and the battery pack only needs one port to receive both digital signals and analog signals to determine the type of external equipment, with a small number of ports and a high degree of integration.

In one embodiment, the control module 110 further includes a communication unit 111 and a working state identification interface 119 . The communication unit 111 includes a sending interface 112 and a receiving interface 113 . The transmitting interface 112 , the receiving interface 113 and the working state identification interface 119 are all connected to the communication terminal 120 . The battery pack further includes a conversion module 130 , one end of the conversion module 130 is connected to the sending interface 112 , and the other end is connected to the communication terminal 120 . The conversion module 130 is used to transmit the signal sent by the communication unit 111 to the external device, and prevent the signal of the external device from flowing to the communication unit 111 through the sending interface 112 , so that the signal sent by the external device can only flow to the communication terminal 120 and the receiving interface 113 unit 111. In this embodiment, the conversion module 130 may be a switch controlled by the communication unit 111 .

The communication unit 111 can be set in the sending state or the receiving state. In the sending state, the communication unit 111 sends the data to be transmitted from the communication terminal 120 through the sending interface 112 , and in the receiving state, the communication unit 111 obtains the data from the communication terminal 110 through the receiving interface 113 . data. It can be understood that the communication unit 111 further includes a register, which can be used to register the received digital signal or the digital signal to be sent. The control module 110 can determine whether an external digital signal is received by detecting the register of the communication unit 111 . When the digital signal is received, the type of the external device can be determined according to the digital signal. If no digital signal is received, the control module 110 detects the analog signal at the communication terminal 120 to determine the type of the external device.

In this embodiment, the communication unit 111 may be a serial communication unit, and the communication terminal 120 may be a half-duplex serial interface. The communication unit 111 performs serial communication with the external device through the communication terminal 120 to receive the digital signal of the external device.

In one embodiment, if the communication unit 111 receives a digital signal within a preset time, the external device has a communication function, and the communication unit 111 can identify the type of the external device according to the digital signal. In this embodiment, the digital signal may be a handshake signal. Different types of external devices send different handshake signals. When the communication unit 111 receives the first handshake signal, it can determine that the charger is externally connected by analyzing the source address carried by the first handshake signal. When the communication unit 111 receives the second handshake signal, by analyzing the source address carried by the second handshake signal, it can be determined that the external connection is an electrical appliance. After the communication unit 111 receives the handshake signal and replies with an agreement, the handshake is successful, the battery pack can enter the charging state or the discharging state, and communicate with the external device in real time during the charging and discharging process. When the battery pack communicates with an external device, the communication terminal 120 is a terminal, which can send and receive data, but cannot transmit and receive at the same time.

In one embodiment, when the external device has a communication function and the external device successfully handshakes with the battery pack, the digital signal sent to the battery pack includes a parameter reading command. When the control module 110 of the battery pack receives the parameter reading instruction from the communication terminal 120 , it sends the corresponding working parameters and/or state parameters to the charger to the external device through the communication unit 120 . After receiving the working parameters and/or state parameters, the external device can control the charging process or the discharging process of the battery pack.

When the external device is a charger, the working parameters include preset charging parameters, and the types of charging parameters include preset voltage information, preset current information, and preset temperature information. The preset voltage information may be the maximum allowable charging voltage of the battery pack, the preset current information may be the maximum allowable charging current, and the preset temperature information may be the maximum allowable charging temperature and the minimum allowable charging temperature. The state parameter includes any one of the whole-pack voltage of the battery pack, the single-cell voltage of the battery cell, the temperature of the battery pack, and a fault state.

When the external device is an electrical appliance, the working parameters include preset discharge parameters, and the categories of discharge parameters include preset voltage information, preset current information, and preset temperature information. The preset voltage information may be the maximum allowable discharge voltage of the battery pack, the preset current information may be the maximum allowable discharge current, and the preset temperature information may be the maximum allowable discharge temperature and the minimum allowable discharge temperature. The state parameter includes any one of the whole-pack voltage of the battery pack, the single-cell voltage of the battery cell, the temperature of the battery pack, and a fault state.

In the above embodiment, when the battery pack recognizes that the types of external devices are different, the battery pack will perform different controls. For example, the data transmitted through the communication terminal is different. In this way, the battery pack is more intelligent and avoids the need for The battery pack performs redundant control actions, increasing efficiency.

In one embodiment, when the external device is a charger with a communication function, after the external device successfully handshakes with the battery pack, the digital signal sent to the battery pack further includes a charging state notification instruction. After the charger receives the full pack voltage of the battery pack from the communication terminal 120 or collects the positive and negative poles of the battery pack to obtain the full pack voltage of the battery pack, it can judge whether the battery pack is fully charged according to the preset full charge cut-off voltage. When the charger determines that the battery pack is fully charged, the charger sends a charging status notification command, and the charging status notification command carries the full charge information of the battery pack. When the charger detects its own fault, the charger sends a charging status notification command, which carries the charger fault information, and stops charging the battery pack. The battery pack has a low power consumption mode and a normal power consumption mode, the low power consumption mode has a first power consumption, and the normal power consumption mode has a second power consumption, and the first power consumption is smaller than the second power consumption. The first power consumption or the second power consumption may be a numerical value or a numerical range. When the control module 110 receives the charging state notification instruction from the communication terminal, it controls the battery pack to switch from the normal power consumption mode to the low power consumption mode, so as to reduce the power consumption of the battery pack when not in use.

Specifically, please continue to refer to FIG. 2 . In this embodiment, the control module 110 may be an MCU, and the power switch 114 and the voltage stabilization unit 115 are both disposed inside the MCU. One end of the power switch 114 is connected to the positive pole of the battery pack 150, and the other end is connected to the voltage regulator unit 115. The voltage regulator unit 115 is used to convert the voltage of the battery pack 150 into a working power supply. pin out and power other operating circuits within the battery pack. After the control module 110 receives the charging state notification instruction, it controls the power switch 114 to be turned off, so that the voltage regulator unit 115 cannot output the working power, so that the MCU and other working circuits in the battery pack do not work, and the battery pack can be switched to the normal power consumption mode. Enter low power mode. When the battery pack enters the low power consumption mode, since the battery of the battery pack always has self-discharge loss, the internal power consumption of the battery pack is close to 0.5uA, which is almost zero. Therefore, entering the low power consumption mode after the battery pack is fully charged can reduce the power consumption of the battery pack and save energy.

Of course, in other embodiments, the power switch 114 and the voltage stabilization unit 115 may also be arranged outside the MCU, and the working power output by the voltage stabilization unit 115 supplies power to the MCU and the peripheral working circuits of the battery pack. When the MCU receives the charging state notification instruction, it controls the power switch 114 to be turned off, so that the voltage regulator unit 115 cannot output working power, then the MCU and other working circuits are powered off, and the power consumption in the battery pack is zero.

In one of the embodiments, the control module 110 may also send the battery pack type signal to the external device through the communication unit 111 . After the external device receives the battery pack type signal, it identifies the type of the battery pack, and adjusts the corresponding charging current or discharging current to fit the battery pack.

In one embodiment, the battery pack further includes a temperature detection module 140 connected to the control module 110 for collecting temperature information of the battery pack and sending the temperature information of the battery pack to an external device through the communication terminal 120 . The external device can determine whether the battery pack is overheated according to the received temperature information. If the battery pack is overheated, the external device will cut off the connection with the battery pack, so that the battery pack stops charging and discharging.

In one embodiment, when the communication unit 111 does not receive a digital signal from an external device within a preset time, the control module 110 detects an analog signal at the communication terminal 120 to determine the type of the external device.

It should be noted that the charger without the communication function has a port adapted to the communication terminal 120 of the battery pack, and the port of the charger is provided with a peripheral power supply and a pull-up resistor. When the charger is connected to the battery pack , the battery pack can detect the analog signal through the communication terminal 120 . An electrical appliance without a communication function does not have a port compatible with the communication terminal 120 of the battery pack. When the electrical appliance is connected to the battery pack, the communication terminal 120 of the battery pack is suspended. It can be seen that when the battery pack is connected to the charger and the electrical appliance respectively, the voltage state of the analog signal at the communication terminal is different, and the connection state of the communication terminal is different. Therefore, the control module 110 can detect the voltage state of the analog voltage of the communication terminal or The connection state at the communication terminal 120 determines the type of the external device. If the battery pack detects that the voltage state of the analog signal at the communication terminal 120 is greater than or equal to the preset voltage value, the connection status at the communication terminal 120 is connected, and the battery pack can determine that the external device is a charger. If the battery pack detects that the voltage state of the analog signal at the communication terminal 120 is less than the preset voltage value, the connection status at the communication terminal 120 is disconnected, and the battery pack can determine that the external device is an electrical appliance.

In another embodiment, both the charger and the electrical appliance without the communication function have ports adapted to the communication terminal 120, but the analog circuits at the ports where the charger and the electrical appliance are connected with the communication terminal of the battery pack are different. , the voltage state of the analog signal displayed on the communication terminal is different, and the battery pack determines the type of the external device by detecting the magnitude of the analog signal at the communication terminal 120 . If the voltage state of the analog signal is greater than or equal to the preset voltage value, the external device is determined to be a charger, and if the voltage state of the analog signal is less than the preset voltage value, the external device is determined to be an electrical appliance. For example, the charger provides a pull-up resistor of R1 resistance and a pull-up voltage of 5V to the communication terminal of the battery pack, and the electrical appliance provides a pull-up resistor of R1 resistance and a pull-up voltage of 3.3V, then the battery pack is on The voltage states of the charger and the consumer when connected to the communication terminal are different.

Specifically, the battery pack further includes a type identification element 180, one end of which is connected to the communication terminal 120 and the other end is grounded. The type identification element 180 is preferably a resistor, indicating the type information of the battery pack and the types of different types of battery packs. Different identification elements 180 have different resistance values, and the external device can detect the type identification element 180 through the communication terminal 120 so as to know the type of the battery pack.

The battery pack provided by the above embodiments can be used not only for an external device without a communication function, but also for an external device with a communication function, and has wide applicability. And the battery pack can identify the type of the external device with the communication function and the type of the external device without the communication function through one port, and the number of ports is small and the function is more. After the battery pack establishes communication with the external device with communication function, the battery pack can transmit various data according to the parameter reading command of the query data sent by the external device to guide the charging or discharging process when matching with different external device platforms. , high versatility, and can also enter a low-power state according to the charging state notification command that carries the battery pack full charge information or charger fault information fed back by the charger, thereby reducing the power consumption of the battery pack when not in use, saving energy energy.

Referring to FIG. 3 , in one embodiment, the battery pack includes a battery pack 150 , a control module 110 , a first terminal 120 and a second terminal 160 . The first terminal 120 is the aforementioned communication terminal 120, and the second terminal 160 is a state indicating terminal. The first terminal 120 and the second terminal 160 are connected to the control module 110, and both are used to connect external devices, and the types of external devices include electrical appliances or chargers.

The battery pack 150 includes a plurality of cells connected in series, and the control module 110 has a plurality of pins, which are respectively connected to both ends of each cell, and are used for collecting the single-cell voltage of each cell. The control module 110 is preset with a first voltage and a second voltage, and the first voltage is greater than the second voltage. The control module 110 is configured to compare the collected single-cell voltage with the first voltage or the second voltage, and determine whether the battery pack 150 is overcharged or overdischarged. In this embodiment, the control module 110 may be an MCU (Microcontroller Unit, micro control unit). There is a data processing unit in the MCU, which is used for data processing of the collected voltage of a single cell.

The control module 110 also detects the type of the external device through the first terminal 120 . When the external device is a charger, the control module 110 only determines whether the battery pack is in an overcharged state, but does not determine whether the battery pack is in an overdischarged state, that is, the control module 110 compares the collected single-cell voltage with the first voltage and not with the second Voltage comparison, if the single-cell voltage of any cell is greater than the first voltage, the battery pack is in an overcharged state, and the control module 110 outputs an abnormal signal through the second terminal 160 . Even if there is a single-cell voltage lower than the second voltage, the control module 110 still controls the battery pack to enter the charging state.

When the control module 110 detects that the external device is an electrical appliance through the communication terminal 120, the control module 110 only determines whether the battery pack is in an over-discharge state, and does not determine whether the battery pack is in an over-charge state, that is, the control module 110 will collect the single-cell voltage The comparison with the second voltage is not compared with the first voltage. If the single-cell voltage of any battery cell is lower than the second voltage, the battery pack is in an over-discharge state, and the control module 110 outputs an abnormal signal through the second terminal 160 . Even if there is a single-cell voltage greater than the first voltage, the control module 110 still controls the battery pack to enter a discharge state.

In the battery pack provided by the above embodiments, the control module 110 has the function of judging whether the battery pack is in an overcharged or overdischarged state. When the battery pack is overcharged or overdischarged, the control module 110 outputs an abnormal signal from the same port, without the need for Multiple ports are used to improve port integration. Compared with the traditional technology, when the control module is connected to an external device, it simultaneously determines overcharge and overdischarge, and outputs the same abnormal signal. The external device cannot determine whether it is overcharge or overdischarge based on the abnormal signal. When the charger is over-discharged and connected to the charger, the charger cannot charge the battery pack due to receiving an abnormal signal. If over-charging occurs and the electrical appliance is connected, the electrical appliance receives an abnormal signal and the battery pack cannot discharge the electrical appliance. In the present application, the type of the external device is firstly judged. If it is a charger, only overcharge judgment is performed and no overdischarge judgment is performed. If it is an electrical appliance, only overdischarge judgment is performed without overcharge judgment, which improves the intelligence of the battery pack. .

It can be understood that, before the overcharge judgment or overdischarge judgment is performed, there is still a step of identifying the type of the external device. In this embodiment, the control module 110 can detect whether the communication unit 111 receives a digital signal from an external device. If a digital signal is received, the control module 110 can determine the type of the external device according to the digital signal. If no digital signal is received, the control module 110 The type of the external device is determined by detecting the analog signal at the communication terminal 120 . The specific determination method is as described above, and is not repeated here. Further, the digital signal also includes a parameter reading command and/or a charging state notification command, and the control module receives these digital signals and performs corresponding control - outputting working parameters and/or state parameters, and entering low power consumption. , the specific control process and effects are as described above, and will not be repeated here.

Referring to FIG. 4, in one embodiment, the battery pack further includes a switch module 170, and the switch module 170 includes a control terminal, a first terminal and a second terminal. Wherein, the control end of the switch module 170 is connected to the control module for receiving the control signal of the control module 110 and turning on or off according to the control signal. The first end of the switch module 170 is connected to the second terminal 160, and the second end of the switch module 170 is grounded.

When the control module 110 detects through the first terminal 120 that the external device is a charger, and detects that the battery pack is in an overcharged state by detecting the voltage of a single cell, or when the control module 110 detects through the first terminal 120 that the external device is an electrical appliance, And it is detected that the battery pack is in an over-discharge state by detecting the voltage of a single cell, then the control module 110 sends a first control signal to the control terminal of the switch module 170 and controls the switch module 170 to disconnect, so that the external device detects the second terminal 160 Floating, that is, the second terminal 160 outputs an abnormal signal. When the external device detects that the second terminal 160 is floating, it disconnects the battery pack and stops the charging or discharging process.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the switch module 170 may include at least one transistor, and the transistor may be an N-type transistor or a P-type transistor. This embodiment is described by taking the switch module including one N-type transistor as an example. The control terminal of the N-type transistor is the gate, the first terminal is the drain, and the second terminal is the source. The control terminal of the N-type transistor is connected to the control module 110 , the drain is connected to the second terminal 160 , and the source is grounded. When the battery pack is connected to the charger and the control module 110 detects that the battery pack is overcharged, or the battery pack is connected to an electrical appliance, and the control module 110 detects that the battery pack is over-discharged, the control signal sent by the control module 110 is a low level signal , the N-type transistor is turned off under the control of the low-level signal, so that the path from the second terminal 160 to the control module 110 is disconnected. When the external device detects the infinite signal at the second terminal 160, it can be determined that the battery pack is faulty, and the external device disconnects the connection with the battery pack, so that the battery pack stops charging and discharging.

In one embodiment, the battery pack further includes the aforementioned temperature detection module 140 , and the first end of the temperature detection module 140 is connected to the first end of the switch module 170 . The second terminal is connected to the second terminal 160. When the battery pack is connected to the charger and the control module 110 detects that the battery pack is not overcharged, or the battery pack is connected to an electrical appliance, and the control module 110 detects that the battery pack is not over-discharged , the control module 110 controls the switch module 170 to be turned on, so that the external device is connected to the temperature detection module 140 through the second terminal 160 to read the temperature information of the battery pack. The first end of the temperature detection module 140 is further connected to the control module 110 for sending the collected temperature information of the battery pack to the control module 110 .

Specifically, in this embodiment, the temperature detection module 140 may be a thermistor, and the switch module 170 may be an N-type transistor. One end of the thermistor is connected to the drain of the N-type transistor, the source of the N-type transistor is grounded, and the other end of the thermistor is connected to the second terminal 160 . When the external device is connected to the battery pack, the port where the external device is connected to the second terminal 160 is provided with a peripheral power supply and a pull-up resistor. Read the temperature information of the battery pack by reading the resistance value of the thermistor. When the external device determines that the battery pack is overheated, it disconnects the battery pack, so that the battery pack stops charging or discharging.

The battery pack provided by the above embodiment includes the second terminal 160, which can be connected to an external device. When the battery pack is connected to an external device, the battery pack can output an abnormal signal through the second terminal 160, so that the external device is disconnected from the battery pack after receiving the abnormal signal. At the same time, the battery pack can also output the temperature of the battery pack to an external device through the second terminal 160. Therefore, two signals can be output through one port, which realizes port multiplexing and reduces the number of ports in the battery pack.

In one of the embodiments, the control module 110 further includes the above-mentioned communication unit 111 and the working state identification interface 119, and the connection circuit and implementation function of the communication unit 111 and the working state identification interface 119 are the same as those in the previous embodiment, No longer.

In one embodiment, when the control module 110 determines that the battery pack is in an overcharged state or an overdischarged state, it will also output an abnormal signal from the first terminal 120 through the communication unit 111 . The external device receives the abnormal signal and stops charging or discharging. In this way, when the battery pack is overcharged or overdischarged, the first terminal 120 and the second terminal 160 double-backup output abnormal signals to inform the peripherals that the battery pack has failed, thereby ensuring safety.

Referring to FIG. 5 , in one embodiment, the battery pack includes a battery pack 150 , a state indicating terminal 160 and a control module 110 . The state indicating terminal 160 is the second terminal 160 mentioned above. The state indicating terminal is connected to the control module 110 and used to connect external devices. The control module 110 is respectively connected to each cell in the battery pack 150 for collecting a single cell voltage of each cell, and judging whether the battery pack 150 is in an unbalanced state according to the single cell voltage. When the battery pack 150 is in an unbalanced state, the control module controls the state indicating terminal 160 to output an abnormal signal. The external device stops charging or discharging after receiving an abnormal signal.

Specifically, the control module 110 stores the first preset difference. In the charging and discharging stage, the control module 110 is further configured to determine the maximum voltage value and the minimum voltage value according to the collected single-cell voltage, and calculate the voltage difference between the maximum voltage value and the minimum voltage value. If the voltage difference is greater than or equal to the pre-stored first preset difference, the control module 110 determines that the battery pack is in an unbalanced state, and the battery pack is in a faulty state. Therefore, the control module 110 controls the switch module 170 to turn off so that the second terminal is in an unbalanced state. 160 outputs an abnormal signal. After the external device receives an abnormal signal, it can disconnect the battery pack and stop charging or discharging.

The battery pack provided by the above embodiment can collect the single-cell voltage of each cell, and determine whether it is in an unbalanced state according to the single-cell voltage. After the abnormal signal, the control stops charging or discharging. Therefore, there is no need to disconnect the charging and discharging process inside the battery pack, which simplifies the structure of the battery pack and reduces the cost of the battery pack.

In one embodiment, after the control module 110 collects the single-cell voltage, it can also compare the single-cell voltage with the pre-stored first voltage and second voltage. If the single-cell voltage is greater than the first voltage, the battery pack is overcharged state, the control module 110 outputs an abnormal signal from the second terminal 160 . If the single-cell voltage is lower than the second voltage, the battery pack is in an over-discharge state, and the control module 110 outputs an abnormal signal from the second terminal 160 .

In the battery pack provided by the above embodiment, when the battery pack has an overcharge fault, an overdischarge fault or an unbalanced fault, an abnormal signal is output from the same port, that is, the second terminal 160, to an external device, so one port can output multiple states. signal, which improves the integration of the port.

In one embodiment, the battery pack further includes a switch module 170 , and the control module 110 is connected to the state indicating terminal 160 through the switch module 170 . The switch module 170 includes a control terminal, a first terminal and a second terminal. Wherein, the control end of the switch module 170 is connected to the control module for receiving the control signal of the control module 110 and turning on or off according to the control signal. The first end of the switch module 170 is connected to the second terminal 160, and the second end of the switch module 170 is grounded.

When the control module 110 detects that the battery pack is in an overcharged state by detecting the voltage of a single cell, or when the control module 110 detects that the battery pack is in an overdischarge state by detecting the voltage of a single cell, or the control module 110 determines that the battery pack is in an unbalanced state, then The control module 110 sends the first control signal to the control terminal of the switch module 170 and controls the switch module 170 to disconnect, so that the external device detects that the second terminal 160 is floating, that is, the second terminal 160 outputs an abnormal signal. When the external device detects that the second terminal 160 is floating, it disconnects the battery pack and stops the charging or discharging process. In one embodiment, the battery pack further includes the aforementioned temperature detection module 140 , and the connection circuit and control method between the temperature detection module 140 and the switch module 170 are as described above, and are not repeated here.

In one embodiment, further, the first end of the temperature detection module is further connected to the control module, for sending the collected temperature information of the battery pack to the control module. In this way, the first terminal not only realizes the transmission of temperature data to the external device, but also realizes the transmission of temperature data to the control module inside the battery pack.

In one of the embodiments, the control module 110 is further configured to compare the voltages of the individual cells during the charging phase, and determine the minimum voltage value. At the same time, the control module 110 is further configured to calculate the voltage difference between the single-cell voltage of each cell and the minimum voltage value, and determine the voltage difference of each cell in the battery pack according to the voltage difference and the pre-stored second preset difference. Whether the capacity is balanced. If the voltage difference between each cell and the smallest-capacity cell is smaller than the second preset difference, the capacity of each cell in the battery pack is balanced. If the difference between the capacity of at least one cell and the cell with the smallest capacity is greater than the second preset difference, the capacity of the cells in the battery pack is unbalanced. At this time, the cell that needs to be balanced is set as the target Cells that do not need to be balanced are set as normal cells. Wherein, the voltage difference between the single cell voltage of the target cell and the minimum voltage value is greater than or equal to the second preset difference, and the voltage difference between the voltage difference of the normal cell and the minimum voltage value is greater than or equal to the second preset difference. In this embodiment, the second preset difference value is 30mV. Of course, the second preset difference value can also be other values, which can be set by users according to their own needs.

After the target cell is determined, the target cell is discharged according to a preset equalization period. Wherein, each equalization cycle includes an equalization phase and a detection phase after the equalization phase. In the equalization phase, the target cells determined for the first time are discharged. In the detection stage, the control module 110 detects the single-cell voltage of each cell again, and determines the minimum voltage value again according to the single-cell voltage. It should be noted that the minimum voltage value is obtained by comparing the voltage of a single cell in real time. Since the target cell is discharged in the equalization stage, and each cell is in a charged state, the minimum voltage value in each detection stage may be different, and the minimum voltage value needs to be determined again by comparing the voltage of a single cell. The voltage difference between the target cell and the minimum voltage value is compared, and when the voltage difference is smaller than the third preset difference, the control module controls the target cell to become a normal cell. At the same time, the control module compares the voltage difference between the single-cell voltage of the normal cell in the previous stage and the minimum voltage value, and when the voltage difference is greater than or equal to the second preset difference, the normal cell is converted into the target cell. The above-mentioned equalization cycle is repeated until the end of the detection stage, and the control module 110 detects that there is no target cell in the cells, and the equalization ends, and if there is a target cell, the next equalization cycle is entered. In this embodiment, the third preset difference value is smaller than the second preset difference value. Specifically, the third preset difference value may be 10mV. Of course, the user can also select according to requirements.

Further, please continue to refer to FIG. 5 , in one embodiment, the control module 110 further includes at least one drain unit 116 , and each drain unit 116 is connected to each cell in a one-to-one correspondence. Each bleeder unit 116 includes a bleeder switch and a bleeder resistor. One end of the bleeder switch is connected to the cell and one end of the previous bleeder resistor, and the other end is connected to one end of the bleeder resistor corresponding to the cell of the current stage. During the equalization period, after the control module 110 determines the target cell, it controls the bleeder switch correspondingly connected to the target cell to close, so that the target cell discharges through the bleeder resistor. During the detection period, the control module 110 controls the bleeder switch corresponding to the target cell to turn off, so as to stop the discharge of the target cell.

In the battery pack provided by the above embodiment, during charging and discharging, the control module of the battery pack can also detect whether the voltage of each cell of the battery pack is balanced, and if it is not balanced, it will discharge the target cell by periodic discharge, so that the equalize the voltage.

In one embodiment, please continue to refer to FIG. 5 , the battery pack further includes a switch activation circuit 190 and a peripheral operation circuit 220 , and the control module 110 is further connected to the status indication terminal 160 through the switch activation circuit 190 . The control module 110 includes a power switch 114 , and the power switch 114 is connected to the battery pack 150 , so that the battery pack 150 supplies power to the control module 110 and the peripheral operating circuit 220 through the power switch 114 . After the switch activation circuit 190 obtains the activation signal of the external device through the state indicating terminal 160, the switch activation circuit 190 controls the power switch to be turned on, the battery pack 150 can supply power to the control module 110 and the peripheral working circuit 220, and the battery pack can be powered from low power The power consumption mode is switched to the normal power consumption mode.

In another embodiment, please continue to refer to FIG. 5 , the control module 110 has a connection status identification interface, and the control module 110 is directly connected to the status indication terminal 160 through the connection status identification interface. The control module 110 has a connection identification preset voltage stored therein, and the connection identification preset voltage is used to determine whether the external device is connected to the battery pack.

It should be noted that the external device has a port adapted to the state indicating terminal 160, and the port of the external device is provided with a power supply and a pull-up resistor. When the external device is connected to the battery pack, the state indicating terminal 160 has a voltage state, and when the external device is disconnected from the battery pack, the state indicating terminal is floating.

Specifically, the control module 110 detects the voltage state at the state indicating terminal 160 to determine whether to intervene in the external device. When the voltage state output from the state indicating terminal 160 is greater than or equal to the connection identification preset voltage, the battery pack is connected to the external device. When the voltage state at the state indicating terminal 160 is less than the connection preset identification voltage, the battery pack is disconnected from the external device, and at this time, the battery pack enters the low power consumption mode from the low normal power consumption mode.

Referring to FIG. 6 , in one embodiment, the battery pack includes a battery pack 150 and a circuit module 210 connected to the battery pack. The circuit module 210 is the working circuit of the battery pack, which can be composed of hardware circuits or a chip and its peripheral circuits. The circuit module 210 is powered by the battery pack 150 to work. The circuit module 210 has a low power consumption mode and a normal power consumption mode. The low power consumption mode has a first power consumption, and the normal power consumption mode has a second power consumption, and the first power consumption is smaller than the second power consumption. It can be understood that the first power consumption or the second power consumption can be a value or a range of values, for example, the first power consumption is A, the second power consumption is B, A>B, for example, the first power consumption A1-A2, the second power consumption is B1-B2, A2>A1>B2>B1, for example, the first power consumption is A, the second power consumption is B1-B2, A>B2>B1. It can be understood that when the circuit module 210 enters the low power consumption mode, the entire battery pack enters the low power consumption mode, and when the circuit module 210 enters the normal power consumption mode, the entire battery pack enters the normal power consumption mode. The circuit module 210 is powered on in the normal power consumption mode, and at this time, the circuit module 210 can enter into the following various detection and control.

When the circuit module 210 learns that the battery pack 150 is fully charged, the circuit module 210 switches from the normal power consumption mode to the low power consumption mode to reduce the power consumption when the battery pack is not working.

The battery pack has multiple parallel conditions for entering the low power consumption mode. When any one of them occurs, the circuit module 210 will switch from the normal power consumption mode to the low power consumption mode, which will be listed one by one as follows.

Please continue to refer to FIG. 6 , in one embodiment, the battery pack includes the aforementioned first terminal 120 , and the first terminal 120 is connected to the circuit module 210 for connecting to an external device.

When the external device is a charger, and the charger has the communication function, after the charger and the battery pack handshake successfully, the parameter reading command is sent. After the battery pack receives the parameter reading command, it sends the corresponding working parameters and/or status parameters to the charger. In this embodiment, the state parameter includes any one of the voltage of the entire package, the voltage of a single cell of the battery cell, the temperature of the battery package, and the fault state. After the charger receives the whole pack voltage of the battery pack, it can judge whether the battery pack is fully charged according to the preset full charge cut-off voltage. If the whole pack voltage is greater than the full charge cut-off voltage and the battery pack is fully charged, the charger sends a charging status notification command carrying the battery pack full charge information to the first terminal 120 and stops charging the battery pack. After receiving the charging state notification instruction, the circuit module 210 learns that the battery pack is fully charged, and then controls to enter the low power consumption mode from the normal power consumption mode.

In one embodiment, the battery pack 150 further includes cells connected in series, and the circuit module 210 is connected to each cell for collecting a single cell voltage of each cell, and judging whether the battery pack is fully charged according to the single cell voltage. When it is determined that the battery pack is fully charged, that is, the circuit module 210 learns that the battery pack is fully charged, the circuit module 210 switches from the normal power consumption mode to the low power consumption mode.

In one embodiment, the circuit module 210 is further configured to detect at least one working parameter of the battery pack 150 , and determine whether the battery pack 150 is in a fault state according to the working parameter of the battery pack 150 . When the battery pack 150 is in a fault state, the circuit module 210 switches from the normal power consumption mode to the low power consumption mode.

Specifically, the circuit module 210 can determine whether the battery pack 150 is in a fault state according to the voltage of a single cell. The fault state can be an overcharge state, an overdischarge state or an unbalanced state. The first voltage and the second voltage are pre-stored in the circuit module 210, and the first voltage is greater than the second voltage. During charging, the circuit module 210 compares the collected single-cell voltage with the first voltage, and if any single-cell voltage is greater than the first voltage, an overcharge fault occurs in the battery pack. During discharge, the circuit module 210 compares the collected single-cell voltage with the second voltage, and if the single-cell voltage of any single-cell cell is less than the second voltage, the battery pack has an overdischarge fault. During charging and discharging, the circuit module 210 calculates the maximum voltage value and the minimum voltage value according to the collected single-cell voltage. If the voltage difference between the maximum voltage value and the minimum voltage value is greater than the first preset difference in the circuit module 210, Then the battery pack has an unbalanced fault. When the above-mentioned fault occurs in the battery pack, the circuit module 210 switches from the normal power consumption mode to the low power consumption mode.

In one embodiment, if the charger detects its own failure, it sends a charging state notification command carrying the charger failure information to the first terminal 120, and stops charging the battery pack. After receiving the charging state notification instruction, the circuit module 210 enters the low power consumption mode from the normal power consumption mode.

Please continue to refer to FIG. 6 , in one embodiment, the battery pack further includes a second terminal 160 (ie, the aforementioned state indicating terminal), which is connected to the circuit module 210 . When the battery pack is connected to an external device, the second terminal 160 is also connected to the external device.

The circuit module 210 can also determine whether to connect an external device by checking the voltage state at the second terminal 160 . The voltage state is the magnitude of the voltage at the second terminal 160 . When the second terminal 160 is connected to an external device, the external device may provide a power source and a pull-up resistor for the external device, so that a bias voltage exists at the second terminal 160 . When the second terminal 160 is not connected to an external device, the second terminal 160 is floating. Therefore, the circuit module 210 can determine whether to connect the peripheral device by detecting the voltage state at the second terminal 160 .

When the circuit module 210 detects that the voltage state at the second terminal 160 is greater than or equal to the pre-stored connection identification preset voltage, it is determined that the battery pack is connected to the external device, and the circuit module 210 will not determine the current state of its own based on the above determination result. Normal power mode is changed. When the circuit module 210 detects that the voltage state at the second terminal 160 is lower than the connection identification preset voltage, it determines that the battery pack is disconnected from the external device. At this time, the circuit module 210 actively enters the normal power consumption mode. Low power mode. In this embodiment, the circuit module 210 includes the control module 110, and the connection identification preset voltage is stored in the control module 110, and the connection identification preset voltage can be the same as the identification preset voltage in the control module 110, or can be the same as the control module 110. The identification preset voltages within are different.

In one embodiment, when the circuit module 210 determines through the first terminal 120 that the external device is a charger, the battery pack enters a charging state and starts a timer in the circuit module 210 . The timer is preset with the first time. When the time of the timer reaches the preset first time, the circuit module 210 assumes that the battery pack is fully charged, and at this time, the circuit module 210 enters the low power consumption mode from the normal power consumption mode.

It should be noted that, in the above embodiment, when the battery pack enters the low power consumption mode, the power consumption in the battery pack is at the microamp level, which is close to zero power consumption.

In the battery pack provided by the above embodiment, when the charger cannot determine whether it is fully charged, a sufficient charging time can be preset by itself, and when the preset time is reached, the battery pack automatically enters low power consumption, which improves the intelligence of the battery pack.

To sum up, the above-mentioned embodiments propose six conditions for entering the low power consumption mode: 1. The charger is fully charged; 2. The battery pack is fully charged by self-checking; 3. The battery pack is self-checking for fault; 4. The charger is faulty; 5. The external device is disconnected; 6. The charging reaches the preset time. The battery pack provided by the above embodiment automatically enters a low power consumption mode when any one of the conditions occurs, which improves the intelligence of the battery pack and reduces the power consumption when the battery pack is not in use. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the above six conditions can be applied to a battery pack independently, or can be applied to a battery pack in combination with each other, thereby forming a variety of battery packs of different embodiments. This combined application is simple and easy to implement. It is not repeated here, and all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Please continue to refer to FIG. 6 , in one embodiment, the circuit module 210 is connected to the power switch 114 , the power switch is connected to the battery pack 150 , and the battery pack 150 supplies power to the circuit module 210 through the power switch. When the circuit module 210 controls the power switch 114 to be turned off, the power supply of the circuit module 210 is disconnected, and the circuit module 210 switches from the normal power consumption mode to the low power consumption mode.

Referring to FIG. 7 , in one embodiment, the circuit module 210 includes the aforementioned control module 110 and a peripheral operating circuit 220 connected to the control module 110 .

The control module 110 includes a power switch 114 , a voltage regulator unit 115 and an internal working circuit 116 . The positive pole of the battery pack 150 is connected to one end of the power switch 114 , and the other end of the power switch 114 is connected to one end of the voltage stabilization unit 115 . The voltage stabilizing unit 115 is used to convert the power of the battery pack 150 and output the working power to supply power to the internal working circuit 116 and the peripheral working circuit 220 . The circuits in the control module 110 excluding the above-mentioned power switch 114 and the voltage-stabilizing unit 115 belong to the internal working circuit 116 . The internal working circuit includes the aforementioned communication unit 111, and executes the aforementioned communication, overcharge fault, overdischarge fault, unbalanced fault, power balance, etc., and implements the operation of various functions, and realizes the aforementioned six types of low power consumption. Judgment of the conditions of the mode. When the power switch 114 is closed, the internal working circuit 116 and the peripheral working circuit 220 are powered and operated, and the circuit module 210 is in the normal power consumption mode, that is, the battery pack is in the normal power consumption mode.

When the power switch 114 is turned off, the input of the voltage stabilization unit 115 is cut off and the working power cannot be output. At this time, the internal working circuit 116 and the peripheral working circuit 220 are powered off, and the circuit module 210 enters the low power consumption mode from the normal power consumption mode. consumption mode.

In this embodiment, the control module 110 may be an MCU.

Further, the circuit module 210 further includes a switch activation circuit 190, the battery pack includes at least one terminal, the at least one terminal is connected to the circuit module, and the battery pack is connected to the external device through the at least one terminal; One end of the switch activation circuit 190 is connected to the at least one terminal, and the other end is connected to the power switch 114 in the control module 110 . The switch activation circuit 190 is configured to control the on or off of the power switch according to the connection or disconnection of an external device. When the battery pack is connected to the external device, the at least one terminal receives an activation signal from the external device and transmits it to the external device. The switch activation circuit controls the power switch to be turned on, and the circuit module switches from the low power consumption mode to the normal power consumption mode. It can be understood that, for at least one terminal, that is, one terminal or multiple terminals, the one or more terminals can obtain activation signals respectively and transmit them to the switch activation circuit 190 to control the power switch 114 to be turned on. In addition, when there are multiple terminals, for example, when two different terminals are included, when any one of the terminals obtains an activation signal, that is, the switch activation circuit can receive the activation signal and control the power switch 114 to be turned on. To sum up, the at least one terminal is a terminal having the function of activating the normal power consumption mode.

Further, when the power switch 114 is closed and the internal working circuit 116 obtains power and starts to work, the internal working circuit can send a control signal to the power switch 114 to control the on-off of the power switch. In this embodiment, when the control signal is at a high level, the power switch 114 can be controlled to be turned on, and when the control signal is at a low level, the power switch 114 can be controlled to be turned off. When the internal working circuit 116 determines that any one of the above six conditions for entering the low power consumption mode is satisfied, the internal working circuit 116 sends a low-level control signal immediately or after a delay to control the power When the switch 114 is turned off, the circuit module switches to a low power consumption mode.

Further, the switch activation circuit 190 includes a charging unit and an activation switch 193 . The activation switch 193 includes a control terminal, a first terminal and a second terminal. The control end of the activation switch 193 is connected to one end of the charging unit, and the other end of the charging unit is connected to the at least one terminal. The first end of the activation switch 193 is connected to the power supply of the battery pack, and the second end of the activation switch 193 is connected to the power switch 114 .

The external device has a port adapted to the at least one terminal, and the port has a pull-up resistor and a peripheral power supply. Therefore, when the external device is connected to the battery pack, the voltage state at the at least one terminal of the battery pack increases from the first voltage to the second voltage, that is, the external device inputs an activation signal through this terminal. Furthermore, an external device can charge the charging unit through the at least one terminal. The charging unit can control the activation switch 193 to be turned on, the activation switch 193 can control the power switch 114 to be turned on, and the voltage stabilizing unit 115 can receive the power supply voltage of the battery pack 150 and convert the power supply voltage of the battery pack 150 into working power for the internal working circuits 116 and 116 . When the peripheral operating circuit 220 is powered, the circuit module 210 switches from the low power consumption mode to the normal power consumption mode.

Specifically, when the at least one terminal includes a plurality of terminals, such as N terminals, an embodiment is that the charging unit is a charging unit and is connected to N terminals at the same time, and there is an activation signal on any one terminal, then The charging unit is charged; another embodiment is that the charging unit includes a plurality (N), the number of which is the same as that of at least one terminal, and is respectively connected to one terminal, when one of the terminals has an activation signal, The correspondingly connected charging unit is charged.

Specifically, referring to FIG. 7 , in one embodiment, the at least one terminal includes the aforementioned first terminal 120 , that is, the communication terminal 120 , and the charging unit includes a first charging unit. The first terminal 120 is connected to the switch activation circuit 190, and the switch activation circuit 190 can receive the activation signal of the external device from the first terminal 120 and control the power switch 114 to be turned on, so that the circuit module 210 is switched from the low power consumption mode to the normal function. consumption mode. It can be understood that, according to the foregoing embodiment, the communication unit 11 is connected to the first terminal 120, and the communication unit 11 communicates with an external device through the first terminal 120; and the type identification element 180 is connected To the first terminal 120 , the external device can detect the type identification element 180 through the first terminal 120 to obtain type information of the battery pack. To sum up, that is, the first terminal 120 has both the function of communication and the function of type identification, and has the function of activating the normal power consumption mode. Specifically, the activation switch 193 includes a control terminal, a first terminal and a second terminal. The control end of the activation switch 193 is connected to one end of the first charging unit 191 , and the other end of the first charging unit 191 is connected to the state indicating terminal 160 . The first end of the activation switch 193 is connected to the power supply of the battery pack, and the second end of the activation switch 193 is connected to the power switch 114 .

When the external device is a charger or an electrical appliance with a communication function, the charger or the electrical appliance with a communication function has a port adapted to the first terminal 120, and the port has a pull-up resistor and a peripheral power supply. Therefore, when the external device is connected to the first terminal 120 , the voltage state at the first terminal 120 increases from the first voltage to the second voltage, that is, the external device inputs an activation signal through the first terminal 120 . In turn, the external device can charge the first charging unit 191 through the first terminal 120 . The first charging unit 191 can control the activation switch 193 to turn on, the activation switch 193 can control the power switch 114 to turn on, and the voltage stabilizing unit 115 can receive the power supply voltage of the battery pack 150 and convert the power supply voltage of the battery pack 150 into working power for internal work. When the circuit 116 and the peripheral operating circuit 220 are powered, the circuit module 210 switches from the low power consumption mode to the normal power consumption mode.

Further, the at least one terminal further includes the aforementioned second terminal 160, that is, the status indicating terminal 160, and the charging unit includes a second charging unit. When the battery pack is connected to an external device, the battery pack can receive the activation signal of the external device through the second terminal 160 and transmit it to the switch activation circuit 190 . The power mode is switched to the normal power mode. It can be understood that, according to the above embodiment, the circuit module detects at least one working parameter of the battery pack, and judges whether the battery pack is in a fault state according to the working parameter, and when judging that the battery pack is in a fault state, The circuit module controls the second terminal to output an abnormal signal, the working parameter includes any one of voltage, temperature, etc., and the fault state includes overcharge fault, overdischarge fault, overtemperature fault, unbalanced fault, etc. any one; and, the circuit module stores a connection identification preset voltage, the circuit module detects the voltage state at the second terminal, and compares it with the connection identification preset voltage, when the voltage state is greater than or equal to the If the connection identification preset voltage is used, the battery pack is connected to the external device; when the voltage state is lower than the connection identification preset voltage, the battery pack is disconnected from the external device, and the circuit module is disconnected from the external device. The normal power consumption mode is switched to the low power consumption mode, that is, the first terminal has the functions of communication and type identification at the same time. To sum up, that is, the second terminal 160 has both the function of fault output and the function of recognizing that the peripheral device is disconnected to enter low power consumption, and has the function of activating the normal power consumption mode.

Specifically, one end of the second charging unit 192 is connected to the second terminal 160 , and the other end is connected to the control end of the activation switch 193 . Since the port connecting the external device to the second terminal 160 is provided with a peripheral power supply and a pull-up resistor, when the external device is connected to the second terminal 160 , the voltage state of the second terminal 160 increases from the first voltage to the second voltage , that is, the external device inputs the activation signal through the second terminal 160 . The external device may charge the second charging unit 192 through the second terminal 160 . The second charging unit 192 can control the activation switch 193 to be turned on, so that the activation switch 190 can control the power switch 114 to be closed, and the circuit module 210 can switch from the low power consumption mode to the normal power consumption mode.

In the above embodiment, the activation switch 193 may be a transistor, and the type of the transistor may be N-type or P-type, which can be selected by users according to their own needs.

In another embodiment, the at least one terminal of the battery pack only includes the aforementioned first terminal 120, which has the aforementioned communication function, type identification function, and function of activating the normal power consumption mode.

In another embodiment, the at least one terminal of the battery pack includes only the aforementioned second terminal 160, which has the aforementioned function of the fault output, the function of recognizing that the peripheral device is disconnected into low power consumption, and the function of activating the normal power consumption mode, The specific method will not be repeated here.

In another embodiment, the at least one terminal of the battery pack includes a first terminal and/or a second terminal, the first terminal having the aforementioned function of activating the normal power consumption mode, and having the aforementioned function and/or type identification of communication In addition to the function of activating the normal power consumption mode, the second terminal also has the function of fault output and/or the function of recognizing that the peripheral device is disconnected and enters low power consumption.

It can be understood that, with at least one terminal for activating the normal power consumption mode, those skilled in the art can select the function of multiplexing communication, the function of type identification, the function of fault output, and the function of identifying the disconnection of peripherals and entering the low-power mode according to the actual design requirements. The number of at least one terminal can be selected according to requirements, for example, it can reach 4, and one of the above functions can be reused respectively. Such combination selection will construct a variety of different embodiments, which are simple and easy to implement, and all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the above embodiment, the first charging unit 191 and the second charging unit 192 are preferably capacitive elements. Due to the charging characteristics of the capacitive elements, the voltages at the second terminals of the first charging unit 191 and the second charging unit 192 vary, specifically: A process of increasing and decreasing. The activation switch 193 has a turn-on voltage. In this embodiment, it is assumed that the turn-on voltage is 0.7V. Only when the voltage of the second end of the activation switch 193 is greater than the turn-on voltage can the activation switch 193 be controlled to be turned on, so that the power switch 114 Closed, the battery pack is powered on and enters normal power consumption mode. Therefore, the activation signal obtained by the switch activation circuit 190 from the first terminal 120 or the second terminal 160 is an instantaneous signal, and the continuous high voltage at the first terminal 120 and the second terminal 160 (ie the second voltage in this embodiment) ), which is not the activation signal, cannot make the activation switch conduct. When the switch activation circuit 190 obtains the instantaneous activation signal, the activation switch 193 is closed instantaneously, the power switch 114 is closed instantaneously, the voltage stabilization unit 115 instantaneously outputs the working power, the internal working circuit 116 is powered on instantaneously, and the battery pack enters the normal state. Power consumption mode, and the internal working circuit 116 outputs a high-level control signal to the power switch 114 to maintain its conduction when powered on, at this time, the battery pack realizes power-on activation (ie, activates the normal power consumption mode) And power supply self-lock, locked in normal power consumption mode, the battery pack can start to work and continue to work.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the internal working circuit 116 executes the various actions of the circuit module 210 in FIG. 6 - knowing that the battery pack is full, judging the battery pack failure, knowing the charger failure, detecting the second terminal to know the battery pack and the battery pack. The timer counts when the external device is disconnected and charging, and then the internal working circuit 116 outputs a low-level control signal to the power switch 114 to disconnect it, so that the battery pack interrupts its own power supply and self-locks, from normal Power mode switch to low power mode.

In one embodiment, the terminal is the aforementioned first terminal 120 (communication terminal), which can make the above-mentioned activation switch 193 closed, and the first terminal 120 is connected to the communication unit and/or the type identification element, and the specific connection circuit and the control method are as described above, and will not be repeated here.

In one implementation, the terminal is the aforementioned second terminal 160 (state indicating terminal), which can make the aforementioned activation switch 193 close. The specific function of the second terminal is as described above, such as the circuit module detecting the battery at least one working parameter of the battery pack, and judge whether the battery pack is in a fault state according to the working parameter; when judging that the battery pack is in a fault state, the circuit module controls the terminal to output an abnormal signal, the fault The status includes the aforementioned overcharge fault, overdischarge fault, unbalanced fault and other battery faults; if the circuit module has a preset voltage for connection identification, the circuit module detects the voltage status at the terminal, and identifies with the connection Preset voltage comparison, when the voltage state is greater than or equal to the connection identification preset voltage, the battery pack is connected to the external device; when the voltage state is less than the connection identification preset voltage, the battery pack is connected to the external device. When the external device is disconnected, the circuit module is switched from the normal power consumption mode to the low power consumption mode; and other functions of the aforementioned second terminal 160 will not be repeated here.

The battery pack provided in the above embodiment can be activated through the first terminal 120 to switch from the low power consumption mode to the normal power consumption mode, or can be activated from the second terminal 160 to switch from the low power consumption mode to the normal power consumption mode. At the same time, the second terminal 160 can also output abnormal signals, temperature signals, etc., which improves port integration, reduces the number of ports, and further reduces the volume of the battery pack. In another embodiment, please continue to refer to FIG. 6 , the battery pack further includes a button 101 , and the switch activation circuit 190 can be grounded through the button 101 . The switch activation circuit can control the on or off of the switching power supply 114 according to the closing or opening of the key 101 .

The peripheral operating circuit 220 also includes a power display module, which is connected to the button 101 . When the user presses the button 101, the button 101 is closed, and the switch activation circuit 190 can control the activation switch 193 to be turned on, so that the circuit module 210 enters the normal power consumption mode from the low power consumption mode. At the same time, the power display module is also activated to display the power of the battery pack 150 . Similarly, the power-on activation and power-supply self-locking of the battery pack can be realized by the button 101 , the principle is the same, and the specific steps will not be repeated.

The battery pack provided by the above embodiments can enter the low power consumption mode from the normal power consumption mode when the battery pack fails, when the battery pack is fully charged, when the charger fails, or when the battery pack is disconnected from the external device, Thus, the power consumption of the battery pack can be reduced. When the battery pack is connected to an external device, the battery pack can automatically enter the normal power consumption mode, realizing the intelligence of the battery pack.

Referring to FIG. 8, in one embodiment, the battery pack further includes a storage unit 117, the storage unit 117 can be arranged in the control module 110 of the battery pack, and the storage unit 117 stores the operating parameters of the battery pack, specifically are the charging and discharging parameters.

The control module also includes a communication unit 111 connected to a storage unit 117 . After the communication unit 111 of the battery pack is connected to the external device through the communication terminal 120 and establishes communication with the external device, the communication unit 111 can send the charging parameter or the discharging parameter to the external device from the single communication terminal 120 . The external device can control the charging process according to the charging parameters, or control the discharging process according to the discharging parameters.

In one of the embodiments, the charging parameter includes a maximum allowable charging current. When the battery pack is connected to the charger, the charger can accept the maximum allowable charging current of the battery pack, and set the constant-current charging current value according to the maximum allowable charging current to control the constant-current charging process. For example, the maximum output charging current of the charger connected to the battery pack is 4A, the default constant current charging current is 4A, and the maximum allowable charging current that the battery pack can receive is only 2A, so if the charger defaults to 4A as the constant current The current charging value is obviously not suitable, and the battery pack will be damaged immediately. In the above embodiment, the charger will know the maximum allowable charging current of the battery pack, compare it with the self-generated maximum output charging current, and take the smaller value of 2A as the constant current value during the charging process of the battery pack. In this way, the battery pack can be effectively protected.

In one of the embodiments, the charging parameters further include a maximum allowable charging temperature and a minimum allowable charging temperature. The charger can set the charging over-temperature protection value after receiving the maximum allowable charging temperature and the minimum allowable charging temperature. When the charger receives the temperature of the battery pack through communication, or receives the temperature of the battery pack through the second terminal 160 of the battery pack, the received temperature of the battery pack is compared with the charging over-temperature protection value. When the temperature of the battery pack exceeds the charging over-temperature protection value, it means that the battery pack has an over-temperature fault. At this time, the charger controls to stop charging.

In one of the embodiments, the charging parameters further include a maximum allowable charging voltage. When the charger is connected to the battery pack, the charger can set the constant voltage charging voltage value according to the maximum allowable charging voltage to control the constant voltage charging process. In the above embodiment, with the principle of the aforementioned maximum allowable charging current, the maximum output charging voltage of the charger and the maximum allowable charging voltage of the battery pack will not match, and the two are compared and the smaller value is taken as the charger. The constant voltage value of the constant voltage charging of the battery pack can effectively protect the battery pack.

In one of the embodiments, the discharge parameters include a maximum allowable discharge current. When the electrical appliance is connected to the battery pack, the electrical appliance sets the overcurrent protection value according to the maximum allowable discharge current received. When the electrical appliance detects the discharge current of the battery pack, it compares the discharge current of the battery pack with the overcurrent protection value. If the overdischarge current is greater than the overcurrent protection value, the electrical appliance controls the battery pack to stop charging.

In one of the embodiments, the discharge parameters further include a maximum allowable discharge temperature and a minimum allowable discharge temperature. After receiving the maximum allowable discharge temperature and the minimum allowable discharge temperature, the electrical appliance can set the discharge over-temperature protection value. When the electrical appliance receives the temperature of the battery pack through communication, or receives the temperature of the battery pack through the second terminal 160 of the battery pack, the received temperature of the battery pack is compared with the discharge over-temperature protection value. When the temperature of the battery pack exceeds the discharge over-temperature protection value, it means that the battery pack has an over-temperature fault. At this time, the electrical appliance controls the battery pack to stop discharging.

In one of the embodiments, the discharge parameters further include a minimum allowable discharge voltage. The consumer can set the overdischarge protection value according to the minimum allowable discharge voltage of the battery pack, that is, the aforementioned second voltage. When the electrical appliance obtains the discharge voltage of the battery pack, it compares the discharge voltage of the battery pack with the over-discharge protection value. When the discharge voltage of the battery pack is less than or equal to the over-discharge protection value, indicating that the battery pack has an over-discharge fault, the electrical appliance controls the battery pack to stop discharging.

In the traditional technology, an external device can be adapted to multiple types of battery packs at the same time, and there are certain differences in the charging and discharging conditions of different types of battery packs. Control/protection, the battery pack is provided with different types of identification elements, and external devices can detect the identification elements to identify different battery pack types, and set different control parameters for different types of battery packs, such as the above constant current charging value , Discharge over-temperature protection value, etc. However, this method has limitations. The external device can only recognize several pre-set identification components, and can only adapt to these fixed types of battery packs. The battery pack can only be obtained by installing it on the adapted external device. Friendly controls. The battery pack provided by the above embodiment is connected to an external device through communication, and can send preset charging parameters and discharging parameters to the external device through the communication unit, so that the external device can directly control the charging process or the discharging process according to the charging parameter or the discharging parameter. , no longer limited by the identification element, as long as the external device has basic communication functions. Compared with the traditional technology, the battery pack can only be adapted to a fixed type of external device, and the external device can only be adapted to several types of battery packs. Good charge and discharge control.

An embodiment of the present application provides a charging system including a charger and the above-mentioned battery pack. The battery pack is detachably mounted on the charger. The battery pack includes a storage unit 117 and a communication unit 111 . The storage unit 117 stores charging parameters of the battery pack. The communication unit 117 can be connected to the charger through the communication terminal 120 and establish communication with the charger. The specific process of establishing communication has been described above, and will not be repeated here. The communication unit 111 may transmit the charging parameters stored in the storage unit 117 to the charger. The charging parameters may include a maximum allowable charging current, a maximum allowable charging temperature, a minimum allowable charging temperature and a maximum allowable charging voltage. Furthermore, the charger can control the charging process of the battery pack according to the received charging parameters. The specific control process has been described above, and will not be repeated here. It can be understood that different battery packs may have different charging parameters, and the charger controls the charging of the corresponding battery packs according to the received different charging parameters.

In the charging system provided by the above embodiment, charging parameters are pre-stored in the battery pack. When the battery pack is connected to the charger, the charger can control the process of the battery pack according to the received charging parameters, and then a charger can match a variety of charging parameters. Battery packs with different charging parameters expand the application range of battery packs.

An embodiment of the present application provides a discharge system including an electrical appliance and the aforementioned battery pack. The battery pack is detachably mounted on the consumer for discharging. The battery pack includes a storage unit 117 and a communication unit 111 . The storage unit 117 stores discharge parameters of the battery pack. The communication unit 117 can be connected to the electrical appliance through the communication terminal 120 and establish communication with the electrical appliance. The specific process of establishing the communication has been described above, and will not be repeated here. The communication unit 111 may send the discharge parameters stored in the storage unit 117 to the electrical appliance. The discharge parameters may include a maximum allowable discharge current, a maximum allowable discharge temperature, a minimum allowable discharge temperature and a minimum allowable discharge voltage. Furthermore, Yong Electric can control the discharge process of the battery pack according to the received discharge parameters. The specific control process has been described above, and will not be repeated here. It can be understood that different battery packs may have different discharge parameters, and the electrical appliance controls the charging of the corresponding battery packs according to the received different charging parameters.

In the discharge system provided by the above embodiment, the battery pack is pre-stored with discharge parameters, and when the battery pack is connected to the electrical appliance, the electrical appliance can control the discharge process of the battery pack according to the received discharge parameters, and then one electrical appliance can match more than one electrical appliance. A battery pack with different discharge parameters expands the application range of the battery pack.

In one of the embodiments, please refer to FIG. 9 , the battery pack includes a monitoring unit 118 , a communication unit 111 and a communication terminal 120 . Wherein, the monitoring unit 118 and the communication unit 111 may both be disposed in the control module 110 of the battery pack. The monitoring unit 118 can collect and acquire the state parameters of the battery pack. The state parameter is a real-time parameter when the battery pack is working, and the state parameter may specifically include any one of the voltage of the whole pack, the voltage of a single cell of the battery cell, the temperature of the battery pack, and the fault state. The communication unit 111 is connected to the monitoring unit 118 for receiving the state parameters collected by the monitoring unit 118 . The communication unit 111 is also connected to an external device through the communication terminal 120 , and receives a parameter reading instruction sent by the external device through the communication terminal 120 , and transmits it to the monitoring unit 118 . The communication unit 111 sends the state parameter of the battery pack to the external device through the communication terminal 120 according to the parameter reading instruction.

The battery pack provided by the above embodiment is only used as a data acquisition terminal, and does not actively transmit data through the communication unit, and only transmits data when the external device needs it. First of all, the line in which the battery pack and the external device actively send data at the same time is avoided. Conflict, secondly, as a communication slave, the battery pack sends battery pack information only when there is a demand, so as to avoid the battery pack continuously actively sending out data to perform useless operations and wasting the energy of the battery pack.

In one of the embodiments, the battery pack includes a type identification element 180, and the type identification element 180 is connected to the communication terminal. When the battery pack identifies the external device, the external device detects the type identification element 180 through the communication terminal to identify the type of the battery pack. In this embodiment, the type identification element 180 may be an identification resistor, one end of the identification resistor is connected to the communication terminal, and the other end is grounded. When the external device is connected to the communication terminal 120, the external device can detect the size of the identification resistor, and the identification resistors of different sizes correspond to battery packs of different specifications, so the external device can detect the type of the battery pack by detecting the size of the identification resistor, and then control the charging process or discharging process.

Assuming that the battery pack is used as the communication host, the communication unit will continuously send data to the outside through the communication terminal, and there will be continuous voltage fluctuations on the communication terminal. This communication terminal can only be used for communication alone, which has limitations. The battery pack provided by the above embodiment acts as a slave when communicating with an external device, and its communication terminal will only send data to the outside after receiving an instruction from the external device. During this period of time, data is transmitted inward or outward, which is affected by communication. While the voltage fluctuates continuously, the communication unit waits in the receiving state during the rest of the time, there is no data transmission on the communication terminal, the communication terminal is actually idle, and its voltage state is stable and unchanged. In this embodiment, by connecting the type identification element 180 to the communication terminal 120, the communication terminal 120 can be multiplexed with new functions, and the external device can detect the type identification element of the communication terminal 120 to identify the battery pack type. Therefore, during the remaining time as described above, the external device can accurately detect the type identification element 180 through the communication terminal 120 to identify the type of the battery pack without being affected by the communication. In this way, when the battery pack acts as a communication slave, the communication terminals can multiplex multiple functions, the number of battery pack terminals is small, the structure is compact, and the communication function is preferably configured.

In one embodiment, after the battery pack is connected to an external device, the communication unit 111 may receive a digital signal of the external device from the communication terminal 120 and transmit the digital signal to the monitoring unit 118 . The monitoring unit 118 is configured to detect whether a digital signal is received from the communication unit 111 within a preset time, that is, to detect whether a digital signal sent from the external device is received from the communication terminal 120 . In this embodiment, the digital signal includes a handshake signal sent by an external device, a parameter reading command, and the like. When the communication unit 111 detects the digital signal through the communication terminal 120, the monitoring unit 118 can determine the type of the external device according to the digital signal.

When the communication unit 111 does not detect a digital signal within a preset time, the monitoring unit 118 determines that the external device does not have a communication function. At this time, the monitoring unit 118 detects the analog signal at the communication terminal 120 to determine the type of the external device. When it is determined that the external device is a charger, the battery pack is in a charging state. When it is judged that the external device is an electrical appliance, the battery pack is in a discharged state. Here, the monitoring unit 118 is arranged in the control module 110, and the monitoring unit 118 determines the type of the external device according to the digital signal or the analog signal, which is the same as the aforementioned control module 110 determines the type of the external device according to the digital signal or the analog signal, and will not be repeated.

Assuming that the battery pack is used as the communication host, the communication unit 111 will continuously send data through the communication terminal 120, and the communication terminal 120 will continue to have voltage fluctuations. This terminal can only be used for communication alone, which has limitations. The battery pack provided by the above embodiment acts as a slave when communicating with an external device, and its communication terminal 120 only sends data to the outside after receiving an instruction from the external device. During this period of time, data is transmitted inward or outward, and is subject to communication. The voltage fluctuates continuously due to the influence, and the communication unit 111 is in a receiving waiting state during the rest of the time. There is no data transmission on the communication terminal 120. The communication terminal 120 is actually idle, and its voltage state is stable and unchanged. In this embodiment, a new function of identifying the type of external device without communication from the communication terminal is multiplexed in the communication terminal 120 . Therefore, in the remaining time above, the battery pack can accurately identify the type of the external device without communication through the communication terminal 120 and is not affected by the communication. In this way, when the battery pack acts as a communication slave, the communication terminal 120 can multiplex multiple functions, the number of battery pack terminals is small, the structure is compact, and the communication function is preferably arranged.

The following provides a specific application scenario of this application:

Referring to FIG. 10 , an embodiment of the present application provides a battery pack including a battery pack 150 and a control circuit board. The control circuit board includes a control module 110 , a temperature detection module 140 , a communication terminal 120 and a status indication terminal 160 . The communication terminal 120 is the aforementioned first terminal, and the state indicating terminal 160 is the aforementioned second terminal. The communication terminal 120 and the state indicating terminal 160 are used to connect external devices, and the types of external devices include electrical appliances and chargers. After the battery pack is connected to the external device, the control module 110 is configured to detect whether the communication terminal 120 receives a digital signal from the external device within a preset time. The digital signal may be a handshake signal. When the control module 110 does not receive the digital signal within the preset time, the control module 110 determines that the external device does not have the communication function. At this time, the control module 110 determines the type of the external device by detecting the analog signal at the communication terminal 120 . It should be noted that the charger without the communication function has a port adapted to the communication terminal 120 of the battery pack, and the port of the charger is provided with a peripheral power supply and a pull-up resistor. When the charger is connected to the battery pack , the battery pack can detect the analog signal through the communication terminal 120 . An electrical appliance that does not have a communication function also does not have a port adapted to the communication terminal 120 of the battery pack. When the electrical appliance is connected to the battery pack, the communication terminal 120 of the battery pack is suspended. Therefore, the control module 110 can determine the type of the external device by detecting the connection state at the communication terminal 120 . If the battery pack detects that the voltage state of the analog signal at the communication terminal 120 is greater than or equal to the preset voltage value, the connection status at the communication terminal 120 is connected, and the battery pack can determine that the external device is a charger. If the battery pack detects that the voltage state of the analog signal at the communication terminal 120 is less than the preset voltage value, the connection status at the communication terminal 120 is disconnected, and the battery pack can determine that the external device is an electrical appliance.

When the external device is a charger, the control module 110 only determines whether the battery pack is in an overcharged state, and does not determine whether the battery pack is in an overdischarged state. A first voltage and a second voltage are preset in the battery pack, and the first voltage is greater than the second voltage. When the external device is a charger, the control module 110 compares the collected single-cell voltage with the preset first voltage and not with the second voltage. If the single-cell voltage of any cell is greater than the first voltage, the battery pack is overcharged status, an overcharge fault occurs, the control module 110 outputs an abnormal signal through the status indication terminal 160 . Even if there is a single-cell voltage lower than the second voltage, the control module 110 still controls the battery pack to enter the charging state.

When the external device is an electrical appliance, the battery pack enters the discharging state. At this time, the control module 110 only determines whether the battery pack is in an over-discharge state, but does not determine whether the battery pack is in an over-charge state, that is, the control module 110 compares the collected single-cell voltage with the preset second voltage and does not match the first voltage Compare. If the single-cell voltage of any cell is lower than the second voltage, the battery pack is in an over-discharge state, and an over-discharge fault occurs, and the control module 110 outputs an abnormal signal through the state indicating terminal 160 . Even if there is a single-cell voltage greater than the first voltage, the control module 110 still controls the battery pack to enter a discharge state.

During charging and discharging, the control module 110 also calculates the maximum voltage value and the minimum voltage value according to the collected single-cell voltage. If the voltage difference between the maximum voltage value and the minimum voltage value is greater than the first preset difference in the control module 110 , the battery pack is unbalanced. When an unbalanced fault occurs in the battery pack, the control module 110 also outputs an abnormal signal from the state indicating terminal 160 . When the above faults (overcharge fault, overdischarge fault, unbalance fault) occur in the battery pack, the battery pack enters the low power consumption mode from the normal power consumption mode.

Specifically, the battery pack further includes a circuit module 210 , and the circuit module 210 includes the control module 110 and a peripheral working circuit 220 connected to the control module 110 .

The control module 110 includes a power switch 114 , a voltage regulator unit 115 and an internal working circuit 116 . The circuits in the control module 110 excluding the above-mentioned power switch 114 and the voltage-stabilizing unit 115 belong to the internal working circuit 116 . The positive pole of the battery pack 150 is connected to one end of the power switch 114 , and the other end of the power switch 114 is connected to one end of the voltage stabilization unit 115 . The voltage stabilizing unit 115 is used to convert the power of the battery pack 150 and output the working power to supply power to the internal working circuit 116 and the peripheral working circuit 220 . When the power switch 114 is closed, the internal working circuit 116 and the peripheral working circuit 220 are powered and operated, and the circuit module 210 is in the normal power consumption mode, that is, the battery pack is in the normal power consumption mode.

When the power switch 114 is turned off, the input of the voltage stabilization unit 115 is cut off and the working power cannot be output. At this time, the internal working circuit 116 and the peripheral working circuit 220 are powered off, and the circuit module 210 enters the low power consumption mode from the normal power consumption mode. power consumption mode, that is, the battery pack enters a low power consumption mode. When the battery pack enters the low power consumption mode, the power consumption in the battery pack is at the level of microamps, which is close to zero power consumption.

In one embodiment, the control module 110 of the circuit module 210 detects that the voltage state at the state indicating terminal 160 is greater than or equal to the connection identification preset voltage, and the battery pack is connected to the external device. When the battery pack is in the normal power consumption mode, the circuit module 210 detects that the voltage state at the state indicating terminal 160 is lower than the connection identification preset voltage, and determines that the battery pack is disconnected from the external device. At this time, the control module 110 turns off the power switch 114, and the circuit module 210 enters the low power consumption mode from the normal power consumption mode.

In one embodiment, the control module 110 of the circuit module 210 determines that the external device is a charger through the communication terminal 120 , the battery pack enters a charging state and starts a timer in the control module 210 . The control module presets the first time. When the time of the control module reaches the preset first time, the control module 210 assumes that the battery pack is fully charged, and the circuit module 210 enters the low power consumption mode from the normal power consumption mode at this time.

In one embodiment, the control module 110 of the circuit module 210 determines that the battery pack is fully charged according to the operating parameter - single cell voltage/full pack voltage, and the circuit module 210 enters the low power consumption mode from the normal power consumption mode.

In one embodiment, the battery pack further includes a temperature detection module 140 , one end of which is connected to the state indicating terminal 160 , and the other end is connected to the first end of the switch module 170 . When the single-cell voltage of any cell detected by the control module 110 is greater than the over-discharge voltage or less than the over-charge voltage, the control module 110 controls the switch module 170 to turn on, so that the external device is connected to the temperature detection module through the state indicating terminal 160 140 to read the temperature information of the battery pack.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the temperature detection module 140 may be a thermistor, and the switch module 170 may be an N-type transistor. One end of the thermistor is connected to the drain of the N-type transistor, the source of the N-type transistor is grounded, and the other end of the thermistor is connected to the state indicating terminal 160 . When the external device is connected to the battery pack, a peripheral power supply and a pull-up resistor are provided at the port where the external device is connected to the status indication terminal 160. The peripheral power supply and pull-up resistor are grounded through the thermistor and N-type transistor, and the external device can Read the temperature information of the battery pack by reading the resistance value of the thermistor. When the external device determines that the battery pack is overheated, it disconnects the battery pack, so that the battery pack stops charging or discharging.

In another embodiment, the temperature detection module 140 is further connected to the control module 110 . After the control module 110 collects the temperature information of the battery pack, the temperature information of the battery pack is sent to the external device through the communication unit 111 . The external device can determine whether the battery pack is overheated according to the received temperature information. If the battery pack is overheated, the external device will cut off the connection with the battery pack, so that the battery pack stops charging and discharging.

When the external device is connected to the battery pack, and the control module 110 of the battery pack detects that the communication unit 111 has received a digital signal within a preset time, the external device has a communication function, and the communication unit 111 can identify the external device according to the digital signal sent by the external device type. The digital signal may be a handshake signal sent by an external device. Different types of external devices send different handshake signals. When the communication unit 111 receives the first handshake signal, it can determine that the charger is externally connected by analyzing the source address carried by the first handshake signal. When the communication unit 111 receives the second handshake signal, by analyzing the source address carried by the second handshake signal, it can be determined that the external connection is an electrical appliance. After the communication unit 111 receives the handshake signal and replies with an agreement, the handshake is successful, the battery pack can enter the charging state or the discharging state, and communicate with the external device in real time during the charging and discharging process. When the battery pack communicates with an external device, the communication unit 111 can be a serial communication unit, and the communication terminal 120 can also be a half-duplex serial port.

Further, the control module 110 also includes a sending interface 112 and a receiving interface 113. The sending interface 112 and the receiving interface 113 belong to the communication unit 111 and are respectively connected to the communication terminals. The communication unit 111 transmits the signal to be sent from the sending interface 112 to the communication terminal. The communication terminal is then sent to the external device, and the communication unit receives the signal sent by the external device to the communication terminal 120 through the interface unit 113 . The battery pack further includes a conversion module 130 , one end of the conversion module 130 is connected to the sending interface 112 , and the other end is connected to the communication terminal 120 . The conversion module 130 is used to send the signal generated by the communication unit 111 to the external device, and prevent the signal of the external device from flowing to the communication unit 111 through the sending interface 112, so that the signal sent by the external device can only flow from the communication terminal 120 and the receiving interface 130 to the communication unit. In this embodiment, the conversion module 130 may be a switch controlled by the communication unit 111 . In this embodiment, the communication unit is a serial communication unit, using a serial communication protocol, the sending interface 112 is the Tx pin, the receiving interface 113 is the Rx pin, and through the conversion module 130, the communication terminal 120 is a half-double The serial port of the worker can both send data and receive data, but cannot send data at the same time.

When the external device is a charger with communication function, after the charger and the battery pack handshake successfully, a parameter reading command is sent. After the battery pack receives the parameter reading command, it sends the corresponding working parameters and/or status parameters to the charger. The working parameters include preset charging parameters, and the types of charging parameters include preset voltage information, preset current information, and preset temperature information. The preset current information may be the maximum allowable charging current, the preset voltage information may be the maximum allowable charging voltage of the battery pack, and the preset temperature information may be the maximum allowable charging temperature and the minimum allowable charging temperature. After receiving the above-mentioned charging parameters, the charger can set the corresponding constant-current charging current value, constant-voltage charging voltage value and charging over-temperature protection value according to the charging parameters.

The status parameter is the real-time parameter during the working process of the battery pack. In this embodiment, the state parameter includes any one of the voltage of the whole package, the voltage of a single cell of the battery cell, the temperature of the battery package, and the fault state. The fault state may be an overcharge fault, an overdischarge fault, an overtemperature fault, an unbalanced fault, and the like. After receiving the whole pack voltage of the battery pack, the charger can judge whether the battery pack is full or faulty according to the preset full charge cut-off voltage. If so, the charger stops charging the battery pack. When the charger learns that the battery pack is fully charged, the charger sends a charging state notification command carrying the battery pack full charge information and stops charging the battery pack. After receiving the charging state notification instruction, the control module 110 controls the battery pack to enter the low power consumption mode.

If the charger detects its own failure, it sends a charging status notification command carrying the charger failure information, and stops charging the battery pack. After the battery pack receives the charging state notification instruction, the power switch 114 is controlled to be turned off, so that the battery pack enters the low power consumption mode from the normal power consumption mode, thereby reducing the power consumption of the battery pack when not in use.

When the external device is an electrical appliance with a communication function, after the electrical appliance shakes hands with the battery pack successfully, a parameter reading command is sent. After receiving the parameter reading command, the battery pack sends the corresponding working parameters and/or state parameters to the electrical appliance. The working parameters include preset discharge parameters, that is, preset voltage information, preset current information, and preset temperature information. The preset current information may be the maximum allowable discharge current, the preset voltage information may be the minimum allowable discharge voltage of the battery pack, and the preset temperature information may be the maximum allowable discharge temperature and the minimum allowable discharge temperature. After receiving the above discharge parameters, the electrical appliance can set the corresponding overcurrent protection value, overdischarge protection value and discharge overtemperature protection value according to the discharge parameters.

Since the battery pack communicates with the external device to send the preset working parameters, the external device sets the corresponding charge value or discharge value according to the received parameters. Compared with the traditional technology, the charger can only charge a specific battery pack or the battery pack only It can charge specific types of electrical appliances. In this application, the battery pack has a wider range of adaptation.

When the battery pack establishes communication with an external device, the battery pack acts as a slave to receive data, and the external device acts as a host to send data. The battery pack only sends data to the outside world after receiving the command from the external device, avoiding the simultaneous transmission of the battery pack and the external device. The line conflict of actively sending data can also prevent the battery pack from continuously actively sending out data to perform useless operations and waste the energy of the battery pack.

In one embodiment, the battery pack 100 includes a switch activation circuit 190 , one end of the switch activation circuit 190 is connected to the communication terminal 120 and the status indication terminal 160 , and the other end is connected to the control module 110 . The switch activation circuit 190 is used for when the external device is connected to the battery pack, the control module 110 receives the activation signal sent by the external device through the switch activation circuit 190, and switches from the low power consumption mode to the normal power consumption mode.

In this embodiment, when the battery pack is not connected to an external device, the battery pack is in a low power consumption mode, and the internal working circuit does not work. When the battery pack is connected to an external device, the battery pack can switch from the low power consumption mode to the normal power consumption mode after detecting the external device.

Specifically, the switch activation circuit 190 includes a first charging unit 191 and an activation switch 193 . The activation switch 193 includes a control terminal, a first terminal and a second terminal. The control end of the activation switch 193 is connected to one end of the first charging unit 191 , and the other end of the first charging unit 191 is connected to the state indicating terminal 160 . The first end of the activation switch 193 is connected to the power supply, and the second end of the activation switch 192 is connected to the control module 110 .

When the external device is connected to the battery pack, the external device is connected to the status indicating terminal 160 . Since a peripheral power supply and a pull-up resistor are provided at the port where the external device is connected to the state indicating terminal 1600 , the external device can charge the first charging unit 191 through the state indicating terminal 160 . The first charging unit 191 can control the activation switch 193 to be turned on, and the control module 110 can detect the power supply connected to the activation switch 192, and then the control module 110 switches from the low power consumption mode to the normal power consumption mode.

Further, in another embodiment, the switch activation circuit 190 may further include a second charging unit 192 , one end of the second charging unit 192 is connected to the communication terminal 120 , and the other end is connected to the control end of the activation switch 193 . When an external device is connected to the communication terminal 120, the external device has a port adapted to the communication terminal 120, and the port has a pull-up resistor and a peripheral power supply. Therefore, the external device can charge the second charging unit 192 through the communication terminal 120 . The second charging unit 192 can control the activation switch 193 to be turned on, so that the control module 110 can switch from the low power consumption mode to the normal power consumption mode after detecting the working power connected to the activation switch 193 .

In this embodiment, the activation switch 193 may be a transistor, and the type of the transistor may be an N-type or a P-type, which can be selected by users according to their own needs.

The battery pack provided by the above embodiment outputs the battery pack fault signal and the temperature information of the battery pack through the status indication terminal, activates the power-on operation of the battery pack, detects the disconnection of the battery pack from the external device and enters low power consumption and power saving, and is identified by the communication terminal. Types of external devices on different platforms, communication with external devices with communication functions, activation of battery pack power-on work, external device identification of battery pack types, multiple functions through one port, reducing the number of battery pack ports and improving port integration. The above battery pack can be used for an external device with a communication function or an external device without a communication function, and is applicable to a wide range of platforms. In addition, the battery pack can enter the low power consumption mode from the normal power consumption mode when the battery pack fails, when the battery pack is fully charged, when the charger fails, and when the battery pack is disconnected from an external device, thereby reducing the battery pack's power consumption. power consumption. When the battery pack is connected to an external device, the battery pack can automatically enter the normal power consumption mode, realizing the intelligence of the battery pack.

The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described. However, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of these technical features, All should be regarded as the scope described in this specification.

The above-mentioned embodiments only represent several embodiments of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are specific and detailed, but should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (15)

1. A battery pack detachably connected to an external device for charging or discharging, the external device comprising an electrical appliance and a charger, wherein the battery pack comprises a storage unit, a communication unit and a communication terminal, The storage unit stores charging parameters and discharging parameters of the battery pack; The communication unit is connected to the external device through the communication terminal and establishes communication with the external device, the communication unit is connected to the storage unit, and sends the charging parameter or the discharging parameter from the communication terminal to the external device. the external device, so that the external device controls the charging process or the discharging process according to the charging parameter or the discharging parameter. 2. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the charging parameter comprises a maximum allowable charging current; The charger sets a constant-current charging current value according to the maximum allowable charging current, and controls the constant-current charging process. 3. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the charging parameters include a maximum allowable charging temperature and a minimum allowable charging temperature; The charger sets the charging over-temperature protection value according to the maximum allowable charging temperature and the minimum allowable charging temperature. When the charger obtains the temperature of the battery pack, it compares the temperature of the battery pack with the charging over-temperature protection value. When the temperature of the battery pack exceeds the charging over-temperature protection value, an over-temperature fault occurs, and the charger stops the charging process. 4. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the charging parameter comprises a maximum allowable charging voltage; The charger sets a constant-voltage charging voltage value according to the maximum allowable charging voltage, and controls the constant-voltage charging process. 5. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the discharge parameter comprises a maximum allowable discharge current; The electrical appliance sets the overcurrent protection value according to the maximum allowable discharge current, the electrical appliance detects the discharge current, and when the discharge current is greater than or equal to the overcurrent protection value, the electrical appliance stops the discharging process. 6. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the discharge parameters include a maximum allowable discharge temperature and a minimum allowable discharge temperature; The electrical appliance sets the discharge over-temperature protection value according to the maximum allowable discharge temperature and the minimum allowable discharge temperature, the electrical appliance obtains the temperature of the battery pack, and compares the temperature of the battery pack with the discharge over-temperature protection value. When the temperature of the package exceeds the discharge over-temperature protection value, an over-temperature fault occurs, and the electrical appliance stops the discharge process. 7. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein the discharge parameters include a minimum allowable discharge voltage; The electrical appliance sets the over-discharge protection value according to the minimum allowable discharge voltage of the battery pack, the electrical appliance obtains the discharge voltage of the battery pack, and compares the discharge voltage of the battery pack with the over-discharge protection value. If the discharge voltage of the battery pack is less than or equal to the over-discharge protection value, an over-discharge fault occurs, and the electrical appliance stops the discharge process. 8. A charging system, comprising a charger and a battery pack, wherein the battery pack is detachably mounted on the charger for charging, wherein the battery pack comprises a storage unit, a communication unit and a communication terminal; The storage unit stores the charging parameters of the battery pack, The communication unit is connected to the charger through the communication terminal and establishes communication with the charger, the communication unit is connected to the memory, and sends the charging parameter to the charger through the communication terminal; The charger receives the charging parameters and controls the charging process according to the charging parameters. 9. The charging system of claim 8, wherein the charging parameters include a maximum allowable charging current The charger sets a constant-current charging current value according to the maximum allowable charging current, and controls the constant-current charging process. 10. The charging system according to claim 8, wherein the charging parameters include a maximum allowable charging temperature and a minimum allowable charging temperature; The charger sets the over-temperature protection value according to the maximum allowable charging temperature and the minimum allowable charging temperature, the charger obtains the temperature of the battery pack, and compares the temperature of the battery pack with the charging over-temperature protection value, when the temperature of the battery pack is When the charging over-temperature protection value is exceeded, an over-temperature fault occurs, and the charger stops the charging process. 11. The charging system of claim 8, wherein the charging parameters include a maximum allowable charging voltage; The charger sets a constant-voltage charging voltage value according to the maximum allowable charging voltage, and controls the constant-voltage charging process. 12. A discharge system comprising an electrical appliance and a battery pack, the battery pack being detachably mounted on the electrical appliance for discharging, wherein the battery pack comprises a storage unit, a communication unit and a communication terminal; The storage unit stores the discharge parameters of the battery pack, The communication unit is connected to the electrical appliance through the communication terminal and establishes communication with the electrical appliance, the communication unit is connected to the memory, and sends the discharge parameter to the electrical appliance through the communication terminal; The electrical appliance receives the discharge parameters and controls the discharge process according to the discharge parameters. 13. The discharge system of claim 12, wherein the discharge parameters include a maximum allowable discharge current; The electrical appliance sets the overcurrent protection value according to the maximum allowable discharge current, the electrical appliance detects the discharge current, and when the discharge current is greater than or equal to the overcurrent protection value, the electrical appliance stops the discharging process. 14. The discharge system according to claim 12, wherein the discharge parameters include a maximum allowable discharge temperature and a minimum allowable discharge temperature; The electrical appliance sets the discharge over-temperature protection value according to the maximum allowable discharge temperature and the minimum allowable discharge temperature, the electrical appliance obtains the temperature of the battery pack, and compares the temperature of the battery pack with the discharge over-temperature protection value. When the temperature of the package exceeds the discharge over-temperature protection value, an over-temperature fault occurs, and the electrical appliance stops the discharge process. 15. The discharge system of claim 12, wherein the discharge parameters include a minimum allowable discharge voltage; The electrical appliance sets the over-discharge protection value according to the minimum allowable discharge voltage of the battery pack, the electrical appliance obtains the voltage of the battery pack, and compares the voltage of the battery pack with the over-discharge protection value. If the voltage of the package is less than or equal to the over-discharge protection value, an over-discharge fault occurs, and the electrical appliance stops the discharge process.

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