CN112063868B - A kind of preparation method of oxide dispersion strengthened Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of oxide dispersion strengthened Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 229910018464 Al—Mg—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 229910001175 oxide dispersion-strengthened alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000371 poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cysteine Natural products SCC(N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000018417 cysteine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009775 high-speed stirring Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005551 mechanical alloying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000713 high-energy ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0408—Light metal alloys
- C22C1/0416—Aluminium-based alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
- C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0036—Matrix based on Al, Mg, Be or alloys thereof
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Abstract
本发明属于先进金属材料制备研究领域，特别提供了一种氧化物弥散强化Al‑Mg‑Si铝合金的制备方法。具体包括以下步骤：前驱体粉末制备：将旋转电极雾化铝合金粉加入到溶液中浸渍适当时间，再选取入纳米氧化物源加入到溶液中进行搅拌后烘干，得到前驱体粉末。纳米氧化物包覆铝合金粉末制备：在气氛保护和一定温度下，将前驱体粉末放入高速搅拌加热炉中搅拌，纳米氧化物渗入旋转电极雾化合金粉末颗粒表层，最终得到纳米氧化物包覆的铝合金粉末，将纳米氧化物包覆的铝合金粉末进行激光熔覆成形，最终得到超细氧化物弥散分布的铝合金。本发明为制备ODS强化Al‑Mg‑Si铝合金提供了新的思路，具有生产周期短、成本低、操作方便等优点。
The invention belongs to the field of advanced metal material preparation research, and particularly provides a preparation method of an oxide dispersion-strengthened Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy. Specifically, it includes the following steps: preparation of precursor powder: adding the rotating electrode atomized aluminum alloy powder into the solution and immersing it for an appropriate time, then selecting a nano-oxide source and adding it to the solution, stirring and drying to obtain the precursor powder. Preparation of nano-oxide-coated aluminum alloy powder: under the protection of atmosphere and a certain temperature, the precursor powder is put into a high-speed stirring heating furnace for stirring, and the nano-oxide penetrates into the surface layer of the rotating electrode to atomize the alloy powder particles, and finally the nano-oxide coating is obtained. The aluminum alloy powder coated with the nanometer oxide is subjected to laser cladding forming, and finally the aluminum alloy with the dispersion distribution of the ultrafine oxide is obtained. The invention provides a new idea for preparing the ODS-strengthened Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy, and has the advantages of short production cycle, low cost, convenient operation and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of advanced metal material preparation research, and particularly provides a preparation method of an oxide dispersion strengthened Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy.
Background
The aluminum-based composite material has the advantages of low density, high strength and the like, and has wide application prospect in the fields of automobiles, national defense, aerospace and the like. Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy is a heat-treatable strengthened alloy with medium strength, and the main alloy elements are magnesium and silicon. The alloy has excellent processing performance, excellent weldability, good corrosion resistance and toughness, and is a typical extrusion alloy. Research shows that Oxide Dispersion Strengthened (ODS) aluminum alloy prepared by introducing nano Oxide particles into an aluminum alloy matrix can greatly improve the strength of the aluminum alloy under the condition of keeping certain plasticity. The high-strength nano oxide can play a role in hindering dislocation movement in the matrix, and the dislocation movement is hindered, namely the material is strengthened. And the melting point of the nano oxide is high, and compared with other precipitated second phases, the nano oxide cannot be dissolved even at a high use temperature, so that the alloy has high-temperature strength, and the use of the aluminum alloy under the high-temperature condition is expanded. In addition, the introduction of a dispersed phase with a fine size into the matrix can significantly refine the matrix grains. In summary, the dispersion strengthening of the Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy by using the nano oxide is an effective method for effectively improving the comprehensive performance and reliability of the alloy.
The engineering component with light weight, high strength and complex shape is a potential application of ODS reinforced Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy. However, the hardness of the ODS reinforced aluminum alloy is high, the processing formability of the Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy is reduced, and the engineering parts with complex shapes are difficult to prepare by the traditional machining method, which seriously restricts the popularization and application of the alloy. The 3D printing technology is taken as a representative technology of powder near-net shaping and is suitable for shaping parts with moderate size and complex shapes. The laser cladding forming technology in the 3D printing technology has attracted extensive attention because of having a series of advantages such as low cost, high product density, high precision, little or even no cutting.
In order to ensure the integrity of a complex fine structure in the near-net forming process, spherical fine-grained powder is generally required for powder used for laser cladding forming, and the requirement on the purity of the powder is high. However, the current method for preparing ODS reinforced Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy is mechanical alloying. When the alloy is prepared by a mechanical alloying process, Al, Mg, Si and other elements are easy to oxidize in the mechanical alloying process, and finally the alloy performance is reduced. Meanwhile, in the high-energy ball milling process, the powder, the ball milling medium and the ball milling tank can collide at a high speed, and long-time ball milling causes pollution caused by the introduction of elements in the ball milling medium and the ball milling tank into target powder, so that the performance of the final material is influenced. Finally, the powder obtained by mechanical alloying is seriously hardened, most of the powder is irregular in shape, the powder has poor flowability, and the powder can only be formed by some special methods such as sheath hot extrusion, sheath hot isostatic pressing or discharge plasma sintering, so that the requirement of a laser cladding forming technology on the powder cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing an ODS (oxide dispersion strengthened) Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy, and aims to develop an efficient method for preparing an aluminum alloy with an ultrafine oxide dispersed phase. The ODS reinforced Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy has strong designability and extremely fine and uniform oxide dispersed phase.
The method comprises the steps of firstly preparing a powder precursor by adopting rotary electrode atomized powder of a target alloy and a corresponding nano oxide, then obtaining Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy powder wrapped by a dispersion phase of an ultrafine oxide in a specially-made stirring heating furnace by the powder precursor, and finally obtaining the ODS strengthened aluminum alloy with a complex shape by carrying out laser cladding forming on the Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy powder wrapped by the nano oxide.
Therefore, the invention provides a method for preparing an ODS-strengthened Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy, which comprises the following steps of: firstly, the concentration is adjusted to be 4-10 g.L-1Adding Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy powder which is atomized by a rotary electrode into the solution of poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) solution or cysteine solution, soaking for 10-30 minutes, and selecting nano Y2O3Or La2O3One of the powders is a nano oxide source, the nano oxide source is added into the solution and stirred for 0.5-6 hours, and then the solution is dried, wherein the nano oxide and the atomized powder are used in such amounts that the nano oxide in the finally prepared powder accounts for 0.01-5wt.% of the ODS aluminum alloy. b. Preparation of nano oxide coated aluminum alloy powderPreparing: and (b) putting the precursor powder obtained in the step (a) into a high-speed stirring heating furnace, stirring at a certain temperature under the condition of atmosphere protection, decomposing and removing organic matters remained in the precursor in the high-speed stirring process, scattering the powder raw material, and infiltrating the nano oxide into the surface layer of the atomized alloy powder particles of the rotary electrode to finally obtain the nano oxide-coated aluminum alloy powder. c. Carrying out laser cladding on the aluminum alloy powder coated with the nano oxide to form an ODS aluminum alloy: and c, carrying out laser cladding forming on the aluminum alloy powder coated with the nano oxide obtained in the step b, controlling the process in the laser cladding forming process to enable the metal powder to be melted by laser to form a molten pool, and bringing the nano oxide into the molten pool by the flowing of liquefied metal in the molten pool and uniformly dispersing and distributing the nano oxide to finally obtain the Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy with the superfine oxide dispersed phase.
In a specific embodiment, in step a, the solution for preparing the precursor powder is poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) solution or cysteine solution with a concentration of 4-10 g.L-1Preferably 6 to 8 g.L-1。
In a specific embodiment, in step a, the rotating electrode atomizes the Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy composition as Al- (0.4-0.9) wt.% Mg- (0.2-0.6) wt.% Si- (0.15-0.35) wt.% Fe- (0.01-0.1) wt.% Cu- (0.05-0.15) wt.% Mn- (0.05-0.15) wt.% Ti- (0.05-0.15) wt.% Zn,
preferably:
Al-(0.6-0.8)wt.％Mg-(0.4-0.55)wt.％Si-(0.2-0.25)wt.％Fe-0.1wt.％Cu-0.1wt.％Mn-0.1wt.％Ti-0.1wt.％Zn。
in a specific embodiment, in step a, the time for stirring after the powder raw material is added to the solution is 0.5 to 6 hours, preferably 0.5 to 2 hours.
In a specific embodiment, in step a, the source of nano-oxide is nano-Y2O3Or La2O3One of the powders, the final nano-oxide, is present in the ODS aluminum alloy powder in an amount of 0.01-5wt.%, preferably 0.1-2 wt.%.
In a specific embodiment, the protective atmosphere in step b is one of vacuum, argon and nitrogen, and preferably the protective atmosphere is vacuum and argon.
In a particular embodiment, the incubation temperature in step b is from 50 ℃ to 300 ℃, preferably from 70 ℃ to 150 ℃.
In a specific embodiment, the rotation speed of the stirring propeller in step b is 15000-.
In a particular embodiment, the stirring time in step b is from 0.5 to 4 hours, preferably from 0.5 to 2 hours.
In a specific embodiment, the laser scanning speed in step c is 500-.
In a specific embodiment, the laser scanning pitch in step c is 0.02 to 0.075mm, preferably 0.03 to 0.05 mm.
In a particular embodiment, the thickness of the dusting in step c is from 0.03 to 0.075mm, preferably from 0.04 to 0.06 mm.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the ODS strengthened Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy obtained by the method has high density, and the nano oxide dispersed phase has fine grain diameter and is uniformly dispersed and distributed in a matrix.
2. The alloy prepared by the invention has strong designability of components, and can be used for preparing products with complex shapes under the condition of little processing or no processing.
3. The method has simple process and low cost, and is a method for efficiently preparing the ODS reinforced Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a preparation method of an oxide dispersion strengthened Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained with reference to the following specific examples.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention relates to a preparation method of an oxide dispersion strengthened Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy,
the method comprises the steps of firstly preparing a powder precursor by adopting rotary electrode atomized powder of a target alloy and a corresponding nano oxide, then placing the powder precursor in a special stirring heating furnace to obtain Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy powder wrapped by a superfine oxide dispersed phase, and finally carrying out laser cladding forming on the Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy powder wrapped by the nano oxide to obtain the oxide dispersion strengthened Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy.
The method comprises the following steps:
s1) adding the rotary electrode atomized Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy powder into the solution for dipping, then adding a nano oxide source, stirring and drying to obtain precursor powder,
s2) putting the precursor powder obtained in the step S1) under the condition of atmosphere protection, heating, preserving heat, and simultaneously stirring at a high speed, wherein organic matters remained in the precursor are decomposed and removed in the process of high-speed stirring, the agglomeration of powder raw materials is broken up, and the nano oxide permeates into the surface layer of the rotary electrode atomized alloy powder particles to finally obtain Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy powder coated by the nano oxide;
s3) carrying out laser cladding forming on the aluminum alloy powder coated with the nano oxides obtained in the step S2), controlling the process in the laser cladding forming process to enable the metal powder to be melted by laser to form a molten pool, and carrying the nano oxides into the molten pool by the flowing of liquefied metal in the molten pool and uniformly dispersing and distributing the nano oxides, so as to finally obtain the Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy with the superfine oxide dispersed phase.
The specific steps of S1) are as follows:
s1.1) firstly preparing the concentration of 4-10 g.L-1Adding the atomized Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy powder of the rotary electrode into the solution to be soaked for 10-30 minutes to obtain a suspension solution;
s1.2) stirring the nano oxide source suspension solution for 0.5-6 hours, and then drying the solution to obtain precursor powder;
wherein the nano oxide is used in an amount such that the mass percentage of the nano oxide in the finally prepared alloy in the Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy is 0.01-5 wt.%.
The precursor solution is a poly diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride solution or a cysteine solution;
the nano oxide source is nano Y2O3Or La2O3One of the powders;
the rotary electrode atomized Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy comprises the following components: 0.4-0.9wt.% Mg, 0.2-0.6wt.% Si, 0.15-0.35wt.% Fe, 0.01-0.1wt.% Cu, 0.05-0.15wt.% Mn, 0.05-0.15wt.% Ti, 0.05-0.15wt.% Zn, the balance Al.
The S2) comprises the following specific steps:
s2.1) heating the obtained precursor powder in a vacuum environment to 50-300 ℃, preserving heat,
s2.2) stirring for 0.5-4 hours by adopting a stirring propeller at the rotating speed of 15000-40000 r/min to obtain the Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy powder coated by the nano oxide.
The S3) comprises the following specific steps:
s3.1) carrying out laser cladding forming on the Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy powder coated with the nano oxide, wherein the powder spreading thickness is 0.04-0.06 mm;
s3.2) laser scanning is adopted, the scanning speed is 500-4000mm/S, the scanning distance is 0.02-0.075mm, the flow of the liquefied metal in the molten pool brings the nano oxide into the molten pool and the nano oxide is uniformly dispersed and distributed, and finally the Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy with the superfine oxide dispersed phase is obtained.
The concentration of the precursor solution can also be 6-8 g.L-1；
The rotary electrode atomized Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy comprises the following components: 0.6-0.8wt.% Mg, 0.4-0.55wt.% Si, 0.2-0.25wt.% Fe, 0.1wt.% Cu, 0.1wt.% Mn, 0.1wt.% Ti, 0.1wt.% Zn, the balance Al.
The amount of the rare earth nano oxide is ensured so that the mass percentage of the nano oxide in the finally prepared alloy in the Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy can also be 0.1-2 wt.%.
The heating temperature in the S2) can be 70-150 ℃;
the rotation speed can also be 20000-30000 r/min, and the stirring time can be 0.5-2 hours.
In the S3), the powder spreading thickness can also be 0.045-0.055 mm; the scanning speed is 1000-2000 mm/s; the scanning interval can also be 0.03-0.05 mm.
Example 1:
composition (I)
Al-0.75wt.％Mg-0.5wt.％Si-0.2wt.％Fe-0.08wt.％Cu-0.1wt.％Mn-0.08wt.％Ti-0.11wt.％Zn-0.5wt.％La2O3Preparation of aluminum alloys
Is prepared from
Rotary electrode atomized powder of Al-0.75 wt.% Mg-0.5 wt.% Si-0.2 wt.% Fe-0.08 wt.% Cu-0.1 wt.% Mn-0.08 wt.% Ti-0.11 wt.% Zn and nano La2O3The powder is weighed for standby according to the mass ratio of 99.5: 0.5. Dissolving atomized powder of weighed Al, 0.75 wt.% Mg, 0.5 wt.% Si, 0.2 wt.% Fe, 0.08 wt.% Cu, 0.1wt.% Mn, 0.08 wt.% Ti and 0.11 wt.% Zn in 8 g.L-1Soaking the poly (diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride) solution for 30 minutes, and then adding nano La2O3And adding the powder into the solution, stirring for 2 hours, and drying the solution to obtain a powder precursor. And stirring the powder precursor for 2 hours in an argon atmosphere at the temperature of 100 ℃ and the rotating speed of a stirring propeller of 25000 r/min to obtain the nano-oxide coated aluminum alloy powder. And finally, carrying out laser cladding forming on the aluminum alloy powder coated with the nano oxide, wherein forming parameters comprise the powder laying thickness of 0.04mm, the scanning speed of 1000mm/s and the scanning distance of 0.03mm, and obtaining the ODS reinforced Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy product with the target shape.
Example 2:
composition (I)
Al-0.45wt.％Mg-0.25wt.％Si-0.2wt.％Fe-0.05wt.％Cu-0.08wt.％Mn-0.05wt.％Ti-0.1wt.％Zn-1wt.％La2O3Preparation of aluminum alloys
Is prepared from
Rotary electrode atomized powder of Al-0.45 wt.% Mg-0.25 wt.% Si-0.2 wt.% Fe-0.05 wt.% Cu-0.08 wt.% Mn-0.05 wt.% Ti-0.1 wt.% Zn and nano La2O3The powder is weighed for standby according to the mass ratio of 99: 1. The atomized powder of weighed Al, 0.45 wt.% Mg, 0.25wt.% Si, 0.2 wt.% Fe, 0.05 wt.% Cu, 0.08 wt.% Mn, 0.05 wt.% Ti and 0.1wt.% Zn was dissolved in 6 g.L-1The poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) solution is soaked for 20 minutes, and then the nano-particles are addedLa2O3Adding the powder into the solution, stirring for 1.5 hours, and drying the solution to obtain a powder precursor. And stirring the powder precursor for 2 hours in an argon atmosphere at the temperature of 90 ℃ and the rotating speed of a stirring propeller of 20000 revolutions per minute to obtain the nano-oxide coated aluminum alloy powder. And finally, carrying out laser cladding forming on the aluminum alloy powder coated with the nano oxide, wherein forming parameters comprise the powder laying thickness of 0.05mm, the scanning speed of 1200mm/s and the scanning distance of 0.04mm, and obtaining the ODS reinforced Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy product with the target shape.
Example 3:
composition (I)
Al-0.55wt.％Mg-0.45wt.％Si-0.15wt.％Fe-0.05wt.％Cu-0.07wt.％Mn-0.06wt.％Ti-0.08wt.％Zn-0.6wt.％Y2O3Preparation of aluminum alloys
Is prepared from
Rotary electrode atomized powder and nano-Y of Al-0.55 wt.% Mg-0.45 wt.% Si-0.15 wt.% Fe-0.05 wt.% Cu-0.07 wt.% Mn-0.06 wt.% Ti-0.08 wt.% Zn2O3The powder is weighed for standby according to the mass ratio of 99.4: 0.6. Dissolving atomized powder of weighed Al, 0.55wt.% Mg, 0.45 wt.% Si, 0.15wt.% Fe, 0.05 wt.% Cu, 0.07 wt.% Mn, 0.06 wt.% Ti and 0.08 wt.% Zn in 4 g.L-1Is soaked for 15 minutes, and then the nano Y is put into2O3Adding the powder into the solution, stirring for 1 hour, and drying the solution to obtain a powder precursor. And stirring the powder precursor for 2 hours in an argon atmosphere at the temperature of 110 ℃ and the rotating speed of a stirring propeller of 20000 revolutions per minute to obtain the nano-oxide coated aluminum alloy powder. And finally, carrying out laser cladding forming on the aluminum alloy powder coated with the nano oxide, wherein forming parameters comprise the powder laying thickness of 0.06mm, the scanning speed of 1000mm/s and the scanning distance of 0.03mm, and obtaining the ODS reinforced Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy product with the target shape.
Example 4:
composition (I)
Al-0.65wt.％Mg-0.35wt.％Si-0.12wt.％Fe-0.07wt.％Cu-0.09wt.％Mn-0.1wt.％Ti-0.06wt.％Zn-0.8wt.％Y2O3Preparation of aluminum alloys
Is prepared from
Rotary electrode atomized powder and nano-Y of Al-0.65 wt.% Mg-0.35 wt.% Si-0.12 wt.% Fe-0.07 wt.% Cu-0.09 wt.% Mn-0.1 wt.% Ti-0.06 wt.% Zn2O3The powder is weighed for standby according to the mass ratio of 99.2: 0.8. Dissolving atomized powder of weighed Al, 0.65 wt.% Mg, 0.35wt.% Si, 0.12 wt.% Fe, 0.07 wt.% Cu, 0.09 wt.% Mn, 0.1wt.% Ti and 0.06 wt.% Zn in 4 g.L-1Is soaked for 15 minutes, and then the nano Y is put into2O3Adding the powder into the solution, stirring for 1 hour, and drying the solution to obtain a powder precursor. And stirring the powder precursor for 1 hour in an argon atmosphere at the temperature of 90 ℃ and the rotating speed of a stirring propeller of 30000 r/min to obtain the nano-oxide coated aluminum alloy powder. And finally, carrying out laser cladding forming on the aluminum alloy powder coated with the nano oxide, wherein forming parameters comprise the powder laying thickness of 0.04mm, the scanning speed of 1500mm/s and the scanning distance of 0.04mm, and obtaining the ODS reinforced Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy product with the target shape.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions and substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of oxide dispersion strengthened Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy is characterized in that firstly, powder precursor is prepared by adopting rotary electrode atomized powder and nano oxide of target Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy, then the powder precursor is heated and stirred at high speed, residual organic matters in the precursor are decomposed and removed, agglomeration of powder raw materials is broken up, nano oxide permeates into the surface layer of rotary electrode atomized alloy powder particles to obtain Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy powder wrapped by superfine oxide dispersion phase, and finally, the Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy powder wrapped by the nano oxide is subjected to laser cladding forming to obtain the oxide dispersion strengthened Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1) adding the rotary electrode atomized Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy powder into the solution for dipping, then adding the nano oxide source, stirring and drying to obtain precursor powder,
s1.1) firstly preparing the concentration of 4-10 g.L-1Adding the atomized Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy powder of the rotary electrode into the solution to be soaked for 10-30 minutes to obtain a suspension solution;
the precursor solution is poly diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride solution or cysteine solution,
s1.2) stirring the nano oxide source suspension solution for 0.5-6 hours, and then drying the solution to obtain precursor powder;
wherein the nano oxide is used in an amount such that the mass percentage of the nano oxide in the finally prepared alloy in the Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy is 0.01-5 wt.%.
S2) putting the precursor powder obtained in the step S1) into a protective atmosphere, heating, keeping the temperature until the set temperature is reached, and stirring at a high speed to finally obtain Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy powder coated by nano oxides;
s3) carrying out laser cladding forming on the aluminum alloy powder coated with the nano oxides obtained in the step S2), controlling the process in the laser cladding forming process to enable the metal powder to be melted by laser to form a molten pool, and carrying the nano oxides into the molten pool by the flowing of liquefied metal in the molten pool and uniformly dispersing and distributing the nano oxides, so as to finally obtain the Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy with the superfine oxide dispersed phase.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the nano-oxide source is nano-Y2O3And La2O3One of the powders;
the rotary electrode atomized Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy comprises the following components: 0.4-0.9wt.% Mg, 0.2-0.6wt.% Si, 0.15-0.35wt.% Fe, 0.01-0.1wt.% Cu, 0.05-0.15wt.% Mn, 0.05-0.15wt.% Ti, 0.05-0.15wt.% Zn, the balance Al.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the specific steps of S2) are:
s2.1) heating the obtained precursor powder in a vacuum environment to 50-300 ℃, preserving heat,
s2.2) stirring for 0.5-4 hours by adopting a stirring propeller at the rotating speed of 15000-40000 r/min to obtain the Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy powder coated by the nano oxide.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific steps of S3) are:
s3.1) carrying out laser cladding forming on the Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy powder coated with the nano oxide, wherein the powder spreading thickness is 0.04-0.06 mm;
s3.2) laser scanning is adopted, the scanning speed is 500-4000mm/S, the scanning distance is 0.02-0.075mm, the flow of the liquefied metal in the molten pool brings the nano oxide into the molten pool and the nano oxide is uniformly dispersed and distributed, and finally the Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy with the superfine oxide dispersed phase is obtained.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the precursor solution has a concentration of 6-8 g-L-1；
The rotary electrode atomized Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy comprises the following components: 0.6-0.8wt.% Mg, 0.4-0.55wt.% Si, 0.2-0.25wt.% Fe, 0.1wt.% Cu, 0.1wt.% Mn, 0.1wt.% Ti, 0.1wt.% Zn, the balance Al.
6. The method according to claim 2, wherein the amount of the nano-oxide is such that the final alloy is obtained with a nano-oxide content of 0.1-2wt.% based on the Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy.
7. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the set temperature in S2) is 70-150 ℃; the rotation speed is 20000-30000 r/min, and the stirring time is 0.5-2 hours.
8. The method of claim 4, wherein in said S3) said dusting thickness is 0.045-0.055 mm; the scanning speed is 1000-2000 mm/s; the scanning distance is 0.03-0.05 mm.
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