CN112026164A - A dual-nozzle hybrid continuous fiber reinforced composite material 3D printing device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

A double-nozzle hybrid continuous fiber reinforced composite material 3D printing device and method, comprising a 3D printer frame and a double-nozzle printing module installed on it; the double-nozzle printing module includes a nozzle support plate 20, and two print heads are installed on the nozzle support plate 20. Head, a shearing mechanism and a nozzle guide mechanism; 2 print heads are respectively installed on both sides of the center line of the nozzle support plate. Driven by the nozzle guide mechanism, when one print head moves down, the other print head moves up The same distance; the shearing mechanism is a plane four-bar linkage mechanism, which is installed under the print head. Through the control of the shearing mechanism, one shearing mechanism can cut the continuous fiber composite material on the two print heads; 3D printer The frame includes an X, Y, Z three-axis motion mechanism and a printing platform installed thereon, and two winding wheels are installed on the top of the external support frame on the X, Y, Z three-axis motion mechanism; the present invention prints hybrid continuous fiber reinforced composite Material components and complex structures.

Description

A dual-nozzle hybrid continuous fiber reinforced composite material 3D printing device and method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing, and in particular relates to a 3D printing device and method of a dual-nozzle hybrid continuous fiber reinforced composite material.

Background technique

3D printing technology adopts the principle of layer-by-layer accumulation. Each layer lays materials according to the established printing path, and finally stacks and forms to manufacture three-dimensional parts. At present, the application of 3D printing technology to fiber reinforced resin matrix composites has become an emerging composite material manufacturing process. Continuous fiber reinforced composite materials printed by 3D printing technology not only have the characteristics of high strength, high stiffness, and light weight, etc. , and can control the distribution direction of fibers, thereby controlling the performance of products.

3D printing of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials is limited by the continuous characteristics of fibers during the printing process. Currently, only simple components can be printed, and it is difficult to meet the printing requirements of some complex structures. At the same time, the printed parts usually only contain one kind of continuous fibers. As a result, multiple performance requirements are often not met. Hybrid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material refers to a composite material in which two or more fibers reinforced the same resin matrix. This composite material fully utilizes the advantages of various fibers. In addition to the characteristics of a single fiber reinforced composite material, it also With some other special properties, it overcomes the disadvantage that a single material cannot meet various performance requirements; in addition, the diversity of fibers also increases the designability of composite materials, reduces costs, and greatly expands its scope of use.

The continuous fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material 3D printing technology has been realized, but the existing continuous fiber reinforced 3D printer can only print a single continuous fiber, and there is no multi-nozzle hybrid continuous fiber reinforced 3D printing device that can print hybrid continuous fiber components.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to overcome the above shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a 3D printing device and method for hybrid continuous fiber reinforced composite materials with dual nozzles, which can be used for printing hybrid continuous fiber reinforced composite material components and some complex structures.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A dual-nozzle hybrid continuous fiber reinforced composite material 3D printing device includes a 3D printer frame and a dual-nozzle printing module installed thereon; the dual-nozzle printing module includes a nozzle support plate 20, and two nozzles are installed on the nozzle support plate 20. The print head, a shearing mechanism and a nozzle guide mechanism; 2 print heads are respectively installed on both sides of the center line of the nozzle support plate. Driven by the nozzle guide mechanism, when one print head moves down, the other print head goes up. Move the same distance; the shearing mechanism is a plane four-bar linkage mechanism, which is installed under the print head. Through the control of the shearing mechanism, one shearing mechanism can cut the continuous fiber composite material on the two print heads;

The frame of the 3D printer includes an X, Y, and Z three-axis motion mechanism. A printing platform 38 is installed on the Y-axis motion mechanism. A take-up wheel 27.

The print head includes a print head motor 2, the print head motor 2 is mounted on the motor base 1, the motor base 1 and the part mounting plate 3 are fixed together, the side lugs 101 are provided on the side wall of the motor base 1, and the print head motor 2 outputs the output. A driving wheel 4 is connected to the shaft, the driving wheel 4 is meshed with the driven wheel 5, the driven wheel 5 is installed on the part mounting plate 3, and one end of the driven wheel shaft 51 on the driven wheel 5 is in contact with the counter-extrusion wheel 6, and the counter-extrusion wheel 6 is installed On the axle of the housing cover 12, and located at the horizontal eccentricity of the driven axle 51; the fiber tow 11 passes between the counter-extrusion wheel 6 and the driven axle 51, and the fiber tow 11 passes through the throat pipe 7, The heating block 8 and the nozzle 9 are provided with a resin feeding pipe 10 on the heating block 8 .

The shearing mechanism includes scissors, and the scissors are hinged into a plane four-bar linkage mechanism by two connecting rods 17 and two elongated shearing blades 18; On the blade mounting shaft 191 of the cutting support 19, a scissors-like X-shaped mechanism is formed, and the blade mounting shaft 191 is located on the centerline of the nozzles 9 of the two print heads; the cutting end of the elongated cutting blade 18 is used for cutting fibers Tow 11, the other end of the elongated shear blade 18 is hinged with the two connecting rods 17 respectively, and the other ends of the two connecting rods 17 are hinged on the connecting rod mounting shaft 161 of the shearing slider 16, and the shearing slider 16 is installed on the connecting rod 161. On the shearing screw 14 and the shearing guide rod 15, the shearing screw 14 and the shearing guide rod 15 are both installed on the shearing support 19, and the end of the shearing screw 14 is connected with the output shaft of the shearing motor 13, and the shearing The motor 13 is mounted on the shearing support 19 .

The shearing mechanism is located 1mm above the surface of the printed part, and will not interfere with the surface of the printed part; the thickness of the elongated shear blade 18 is 1mm, and when the two elongated shear blades 18 are closed, the The shearing end of the long shearing blade 18 can just reach the nozzle 9 to realize the cutting of the fiber tow 11; when the shearing slider 16 slides left and right on the shearing screw 14, the shearing end of the elongated shearing blade 18 It rotates around the blade mounting axis 191, thereby enabling the shearing of the two fiber tows 11 in the two print heads.

The nozzle guiding mechanism includes two synchronizing wheels 22 installed at the vertical centerline of the nozzle supporting plate 20, and the two synchronizing wheels 22 are connected by a synchronous belt 23; the upper synchronizing wheel 22 is installed on the synchronizing wheel drive motor 21. On the output shaft of the nozzle, the synchronous wheel drive motor 21 is installed on the nozzle support plate 20, and the lower synchronous wheel 22 is installed on the pulley support shaft 201 connected to the nozzle support plate 20;

Both sides of the synchronizing wheel 22 are equidistantly installed with guide rod support seats 24, and two guide rods 25 are installed on each guide rod support seat 24; print heads are installed on the guide rods 25 on both sides of the synchronizing wheel 22, two print heads Fastened on both sides of the timing belt 23 by side lugs 101; when the timing belt moves, one print head moves upwards, while the other print head moves down the same distance.

The 3D printer frame includes an X, Y, Z three-axis motion mechanism, the Y-axis motion mechanism includes a Y-axis slider, the Y-axis slider is installed on the Y-axis screw 37, the end of the Y-axis screw 37 and the Y-axis drive motor 36 The output shaft is connected, and the Y-axis screw 37 and the Y-axis drive motor 36 are fixed on the Y-axis frame; the Y-axis frame is connected with a Z-axis motion mechanism, and the Z-axis motion mechanism includes an external support frame 26, and both sides of the bottom of the external support frame 26 Connected to the Y-axis frame, the vertical section of the outer support frame 26 is installed with a Z-axis screw 29 and a Z-axis guide rod 30 , a Z-axis slider 31 is installed on the Z-axis screw 29 and the Z-axis guide rod 30 , and the Z-axis screw 29 is connected with the output shaft of the Z-axis drive motor 28, and the Z-axis drive motor 28 is mounted on the top horizontal section of the external support frame 26; an X-axis motion mechanism is connected between the two Z-axis sliders 31, and the X-axis motion mechanism includes an X-axis guide The rod 33 , the X-axis screw 32 , the X-axis guide rod 33 and the X-axis screw 32 are connected between the two Z-axis sliders 31 , and the X-axis slider 34 is installed on the X-axis guide rod 33 and the X-axis screw 32 . The end of the shaft screw 32 is connected with the output shaft of the X-axis drive motor 35, and the X-axis drive motor 35 is fixed on the outer side of a Z-axis slider 31;

A printing platform 38 is installed on the Y-axis slider, and a dual-nozzle printing module is installed on the X-axis slider 34 ; two winding wheels 27 are installed on the horizontal section of the top of the external support frame 26 .

The fiber tows 11 are continuous fibers of any material, and the fiber tows 11 in the two print heads are of different types; the resins are thermoplastic resins or thermosetting resins, and the types of resins in the two print heads are the same or different; The form is liquid or solid.

The heating block 8 is provided with 2 heating holes 83 , 1 resin feeding hole 82 , and 1 continuous fiber feeding hole 81 . The heating hole 83 is used to install the heating rod. The resin is impregnated.

A printing method based on a dual-nozzle hybrid continuous fiber reinforced composite material 3D printing device, comprising the following steps:

1) When printing starts, the first nozzle 9 for printing carbon fiber composite materials on the dual-nozzle printing module moves down to the bottom of the printing module under the drive of the synchronizing wheel 22, and the second nozzle 9 for printing glass fiber moves upward. The scissors of the cutting mechanism are in the open state, then the dual-jet printing module moves in the X and Z directions, and the printing platform 38 moves in the Y direction;

2) When the first nozzle 9 reaches the printing plane, the print head motor 2 starts to drive, and starts to print the first layer of the model; when the first layer is printed, the first nozzle 9 moves up 2mm driven by the synchronous belt 23 , the shearing slider 16 moves to make the scissors close and cut the fiber tow 11 in the first nozzle 9, and then the shearing slider 16 moves again to open the scissors;

3) The synchronous belt 23 drives the first nozzle 9 to continue to move up, and then the second nozzle 9 stops when it reaches the bottom of the printing module; then the printing module moves up a layer distance, the printing module starts to move in a plane, and the second nozzle 9 Start the printing of the second layer of glass fiber composite material. After the second layer is printed, the second nozzle 9 moves up by 2mm driven by the synchronous belt 23, and the shearing slider 16 moves, so that the scissors are closed and the second nozzle is cut off. 9 of the fiber tow 11, and then the shearing slider 16 moves again to make the scissors open;

4) The synchronous belt 23 drives the second nozzle 9 to continue to move up, then the first nozzle 9 moves down, stops when the first nozzle 9 reaches the bottom of the printing module, and then the printing module moves up one layer, and the printing module starts The plane moves, and the first nozzle 9 starts to print the third layer. After the layer is printed, the first nozzle 9 moves up by 2mm driven by the synchronous belt 23, and the shearing slider 16 moves, so that the scissors are closed and cut. The fiber tow 11 in the first nozzle 9, and then the shearing slider 16 moves in the opposite direction to make the scissors open;

5) Repeat steps 1) to 4) until the printing of the entire component is completed.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) The device of the present invention can be used to prepare hybrid 3D printing parts of any two continuous fiber composite materials. The resin is a thermosetting or thermoplastic resin, and the form of the resin is liquid or solid. The specific type, composition and form of the resin can be based on actual needs. make changes.

(2) Most of the existing multi-nozzle 3D printers are thermoplastic filament or twin-screw extrusion 3D printers, which are not suitable for 3D printing of various continuous fiber composite materials; using the device of the present invention, two kinds of continuous fibers can be realized at one time Enhanced 3D printing of the same or different resin composite materials can also realize 3D printing of various hybrid structures such as inter-layer hybrid or intra-layer hybrid. The printed parts can meet various performance requirements and also make up for pure thermoplastic filaments and chopped fibers. The shortcomings of 3D printed parts have greatly improved the performance of printed parts and increased the designability of composite materials.

(3) The two print heads of the device of the present invention are installed on the same movement axis. Compared with different print heads installed on different movement axes, the device and method of the present invention have fewer degrees of freedom and simpler control, and only need to control the printing The synchronous wheel of the module drives the motor, and the switching of the print head can be realized; compared with the structure in which the two nozzles are fixed on one print head, the two nozzles of the present invention will not affect each other, and the quality of the printed parts is better. The precision is higher, and more complex parts can be printed; the dual-nozzle printing module of the present invention can also be installed on the common single-nozzle 3D printer on the market. By writing the underlying code and G code of the printer, it is not necessary to change other structure, the printing of hybrid continuous fiber 3D printing components can be realized, and the printed parts can meet various performance requirements.

(4) The cutting of the continuous fibers on the two print heads can be realized by one shearing mechanism, which simplifies the structure of the print heads and reduces the weight of the printing module; traditional continuous fiber 3D printers are limited by the continuous characteristics of the fibers during the printing process. Only simple parts can be printed. By adopting the present invention, the printing requirements of some complex structures can be met, and the application field of continuous fiber reinforced composite material 3D printing parts can be expanded.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is an overall assembly diagram of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the print head in the device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the print head without a housing cover in the device of the present invention.

4 is a cross-sectional view of a heating block in the device of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the shearing mechanism in the device of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a front view of a dual-nozzle printing module in the device of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a right side view of the dual-nozzle printing module in the device of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a view from the direction A of FIG. 6 .

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the printer frame in the apparatus of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, a dual-nozzle hybrid continuous fiber reinforced composite material 3D printing device includes a 3D printer frame and a dual-nozzle printing module installed on a moving shaft; the dual-nozzle printing module includes a nozzle support plate 20, a nozzle Two print heads, a shearing mechanism and a nozzle guide mechanism are installed on the support plate 20;

The frame of the 3D printer includes an X, Y, and Z three-axis motion mechanism. A printing platform 38 is installed on the Y-axis motion mechanism. The X, Y, and Z three-axis motion mechanism is mounted on the external support frame 26. The top of the external support frame 26 is installed with two Winding wheel 27.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, the print head includes a print head motor 2, the print head motor 2 is mounted on the motor base 1, the motor base 1 and the parts mounting plate 3 are fixed together, and the motor base 1 side There is a side lug 101 on the wall, a driving wheel 4 is connected to the output shaft of the print head motor 2, the driving wheel 4 is meshed with the driven wheel 5, the driven wheel 5 is installed on the part mounting plate 3, and one end of the driven wheel shaft 51 on the driven wheel 5 is Contact with the counter-extrusion wheel 6, the counter-extrusion wheel 6 is installed on the axle of the housing cover 12, and is located at the horizontal eccentricity of the driven axle 51; when the print head motor 2 rotates, it drives the driving wheel 4 to rotate, and then drives the driven wheel 5. Rotation, thereby driving the driven wheel shaft 51 to rotate. Since the driven wheel shaft 51 is in contact with the counter-extrusion wheel 6, the driven wheel shaft 51 and the counter-extrusion wheel 6 will form a counter-extrusion motion; The axles 51 pass through, and then pass through the throat 7 , the heating block 8 and the nozzle 9 in sequence.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the heating block 8 is provided with 2 heating holes 83 , 1 resin feeding hole 82 , and 1 continuous fiber feeding hole 81 , and the heating hole 83 is used for installing a heating rod.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the shearing mechanism includes scissors, and the scissors are hinged by two connecting rods 17 and two elongated shearing blades 18 to form a plane four-bar linkage mechanism; the two elongated shearing blades 18 pass through the middle The threaded hole is installed on the blade installation shaft 191 of the cutting support 19 to form a scissors-like X-shaped mechanism, and the blade installation shaft 191 is located on the centerline of the nozzles 9 of the two print heads; The cut end is used to cut the fiber tow 11, and the other ends of the elongated shear blades 18 are respectively hinged with the two connecting rods 17, and the other ends of the two connecting rods 17 are hinged on the connecting rod mounting shaft 161 of the shearing slider 16, and the cutting The cutting slider 16 is installed on the shearing screw 14 and the shearing guide rod 15, the shearing screw 14 and the shearing guide rod 15 are both installed on the shearing support 19, and the end of the shearing screw 14 is connected to the shearing motor 13. The output shaft is connected, and the shearing motor 13 is installed on the shearing support 19; when the shearing motor 13 rotates, the shearing screw 14 rotates to drive the shearing slider 16 to move in a straight line, thereby driving the plane four-bar linkage scissors mechanism to realize opening. The closing operation completes the cutting of the fiber tow 11 .

5, 8, the thickness of the elongated shear blade 18 is 1mm, when the two elongated shear blades 18 are closed, the cutting end of the elongated shear blade 18 can just reach the nozzle 9, The cutting of the fiber tow 11 is realized; when the shearing slider 16 slides left and right on the shearing screw 14, the shearing end of the elongated shearing blade 18 will rotate around the blade installation shaft 191, so that a shearing mechanism can be realized. Shearing of two fiber tows 11 in two print heads.

As shown in Figures 6-8, the nozzle guide mechanism includes two synchronizing wheels 22 installed at the vertical centerline of the nozzle support plate 20, and the two synchronizing wheels 22 are connected by a synchronizing belt 23; the upper synchronizing wheel 22 is installed on the output shaft of the synchronous wheel drive motor 21, the synchronous wheel drive motor 21 is installed on the shower head support plate 20, and the lower synchronous wheel 22 is installed on the pulley support shaft 201 connected on the shower head support plate 20;

Both sides of the synchronizing wheel 22 are equidistantly installed with guide rod support seats 24, and two guide rods 25 are installed on each guide rod support seat 24; print heads are installed on the guide rods 25 on both sides of the synchronizing wheel 22, two print heads It is fixed on both sides of the synchronous belt 23 through the side lugs 101; when the synchronous wheel drives the motor 21 to rotate, it drives the synchronous wheel 22 to rotate, thereby driving the print head fixed on the synchronous belt 23 to move in a straight line up and down. Installed on both sides of the synchro wheel 22, when one print head moves up, the other print head moves down the same distance.

As shown in Figures 6-8, the shearing mechanism is installed below the print head, and the shearing mechanism is 1 mm above the surface of the printed part, and will not interfere with the surface of the printed part; when the first nozzle 9 completes a After layer printing, the first nozzle 9 moves up by 2mm driven by the timing belt 23, the shearing slider 16 moves under the driving of the cutting screw 14, the scissors are closed to complete the cutting action, and then the scissors are opened, and the timing belt 23 drives The first nozzle 9 continues to move up, the second nozzle 9 moves down, stops when the second nozzle 9 reaches the bottom of the printing module, and then the printing module moves up one layer, and the second nozzle 9 starts to print the next layer .

As shown in Figure 9, the 3D printer frame includes X, Y, Z three-axis motion mechanisms, the Y-axis motion mechanism includes a Y-axis slider, the Y-axis slider is installed on the Y-axis screw 37, and the end of the Y-axis screw 37 The head is connected with the output shaft of the Y-axis drive motor 36, and the Y-axis screw 37 and the Y-axis drive motor 36 are fixed on the Y-axis frame; the Y-axis frame is connected with a Z-axis motion mechanism, and the Z-axis motion mechanism includes an external support frame 26. Both sides of the bottom of the support frame 26 are connected to the Y-axis frame, the vertical section of the outer support frame 26 is installed with a Z-axis screw 29 and a Z-axis guide rod 30, and a Z-axis slide is installed on the Z-axis screw 29 and the Z-axis guide rod 30. The block 31, the Z-axis screw 29 is connected with the output shaft of the Z-axis drive motor 28, and the Z-axis drive motor 28 is installed on the top horizontal section of the external support frame 26; an X-axis motion mechanism is connected between the two Z-axis sliders 31, and the X-axis The movement mechanism includes an X-axis guide rod 33 and an X-axis screw 32. The X-axis guide rod 33 and the X-axis screw 32 are connected between the two Z-axis sliders 31. The X-axis guide rod 33 and the X-axis screw 32 are installed with X-axis. The shaft slider 34, the end of the X-axis screw 32 is connected with the output shaft of the X-axis drive motor 35, and the X-axis drive motor 35 is fixed on the outer side of a Z-axis slider 31;

A printing platform 38 is installed on the Y-axis slider. By controlling the Y-axis drive motor 36, the printing platform 38 moves in the Y direction; the X-axis slider 34 is installed with a dual-nozzle printing module. Controlled by the shaft drive motor 28, the dual-nozzle printing module moves the X and Z axes;

Two winding wheels 27 are installed on the top horizontal section of the outer support frame 26 for winding the fiber tow 11 .

A printing method based on a dual-nozzle hybrid continuous fiber reinforced composite material 3D printing device, comprising the following steps:

1) As shown in Figure 1, the fiber tows 11 in the two print heads are carbon fiber and glass fiber, respectively, and the resins used are thermoplastic resin PLA filaments; when printing starts, the second print of the carbon fiber composite material is printed on the dual-jet printing module. One nozzle 9 moves down to the bottom of the printing module driven by the synchronizing wheel 22, then the second nozzle 9 for printing glass fiber moves up, and the scissors of the shearing mechanism are in the open state, and then the dual-nozzle printing module performs the X direction. and Z-direction movement, the printing platform 38 moves in Y-direction;

2) When the first nozzle 9 reaches the printing plane, the print head motor 2 starts to drive, and starts to print the first layer of the model; when the first layer is printed, the first nozzle 9 moves up 2mm driven by the synchronous belt 23 , the shearing slider 16 moves to make the scissors close to cut the carbon fiber filaments, and then the shearing slider 16 moves again to open the scissors;

3) The synchronous belt 23 drives the first nozzle 9 to continue to move up, and then the second nozzle 9 stops when it reaches the bottom of the printing module; then the printing module moves up a layer distance, the printing module starts to move in a plane, and the second nozzle 9 Start the printing of the second layer of glass fiber composite material. After the second layer is printed, the second nozzle 9 moves up by 2mm driven by the synchronous belt 23, and the shearing slider 16 moves, so that the scissors are closed and the second nozzle is cut off. 9 glass fiber filaments, and then the shear slider 16 moves again to make the scissors open;

4) The synchronous belt 23 drives the second nozzle 9 to continue to move up, then the first nozzle 9 moves down, stops when the first nozzle 9 reaches the bottom of the printing module, and then the printing module moves up one layer, and the printing module starts The plane moves, and the first nozzle 9 starts to print the third layer. After the layer is printed, the first nozzle 9 moves up by 2mm driven by the synchronous belt 23, and the shearing slider 16 moves, so that the scissors are closed and cut. The carbon fiber filaments in the first nozzle 9, and then the shearing slider 16 moves in the opposite direction to make the scissors open;

5) Repeat steps 1) to 4) until the printing of the entire component is completed; the component is a carbon-glass fiber reinforced PLA interlayer hybrid 3D printed component, which has the dual mechanical advantages of carbon fiber and glass fiber fiber and is suitable for more applications place.

The above description is an explanation of the present invention, not a limitation of the present invention. For the limited scope of the present invention, refer to the claims, and any form of modification can be made within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a dual spray mixes continuous fibers reinforcing combined material 3D printing device which characterized in that: the printing device comprises a 3D printer frame and a double-nozzle printing module arranged on the 3D printer frame; the double-nozzle printing module comprises a nozzle supporting plate (20), wherein 2 printing heads, 1 shearing mechanism and a nozzle guide mechanism are arranged on the nozzle supporting plate (20); the 2 printing heads are respectively arranged at two sides of the central line of the nozzle supporting plate (20), and when one printing head moves downwards under the driving of the nozzle guiding mechanism, the other printing head moves upwards by the same distance; the shearing mechanism is a plane four-bar mechanism and is arranged below the printing heads, and the continuous fiber composite materials on the two printing heads are sheared by one shearing mechanism through controlling the shearing mechanism;

the 3D printer frame includes X, Y, Z triaxial moving mechanism, installs print platform (38) on the Y axle moving mechanism, and X, Y, Z triaxial moving mechanism installs on external support frame (26), and 2 rolling wheels (27) are installed at external support frame (26) top.

2. The dual-nozzle hybrid continuous fiber reinforced composite 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein: the printing head comprises a printing head motor (2), the printing head motor (2) is arranged on a motor base (1), the motor base (1) and a part mounting plate (3) are fixed together, and side lugs (101) are arranged on the side wall of the motor base (1); the output shaft of the printing head motor (2) is connected with a driving wheel (4), the driving wheel (4) is meshed with a driven wheel (5), the driven wheel (5) is installed on the part installation plate (3), one end of a driven wheel shaft (51) on the driven wheel (5) is contacted with the extruding wheel (6), and the extruding wheel (6) is installed on a wheel shaft of the shell cover (12) and is positioned at the horizontal eccentric position of the driven wheel shaft (51); fiber tows (11) penetrate between the counter extrusion wheel (6) and the driven wheel shaft (51), the fiber tows (11) sequentially penetrate through the throat pipe (7), the heating block (8) and the nozzle (9), the resin feeding pipe (10) is arranged on the heating block (8), and the fiber tows (11) are impregnated with resin in the heating block (8).

3. The dual-nozzle hybrid continuous fiber reinforced composite 3D printing device according to claim 2, wherein: the shearing mechanism comprises scissors, and the scissors are hinged into a plane four-bar mechanism by 2 connecting bars (17) and 2 slender shearing blades (18); the two slender shearing blades (18) are arranged on a blade mounting shaft (191) of the shearing support (19) through a threaded hole in the middle of the slender shearing blades to form a scissor-like X-shaped mechanism, and the blade mounting shafts (191) are positioned on the central lines of the nozzles (9) of the two printing heads; the cutting end of the slender cutting blade (18) is used for cutting off fiber tows (11), the other end of the slender cutting blade (18) is hinged to the two connecting rods (17), the other ends of the two connecting rods (17) are hinged to a connecting rod mounting shaft (161) of the cutting slider (16), the cutting slider (16) is mounted on the cutting screw (14) and the cutting guide rod (15), the cutting screw (14) and the cutting guide rod (15) are mounted on the cutting support (19), the end of the cutting screw (14) is connected with an output shaft of the cutting motor (13), and the cutting motor (13) is mounted on the cutting support (19).

4. The dual-nozzle hybrid continuous fiber reinforced composite 3D printing device according to claim 3, wherein: the shearing mechanism is arranged 1mm above the surface of the printed part, so that the interference on the surface of the printed part is avoided; the thickness of the slender shearing blade (18) is 1mm, and after the 2 slender shearing blades (18) are closed, the shearing end of the slender shearing blade (18) just reaches the nozzle (9) to cut off the fiber tows (11); when the shearing slide block (16) slides left and right on the shearing screw rod (14), the shearing end of the slender shearing blade (18) rotates around the blade mounting shaft (191), so that the shearing of two fiber tows (11) in two printing heads by one shearing mechanism can be realized.

5. The dual-nozzle hybrid continuous fiber reinforced composite 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein: the nozzle guide mechanism comprises two synchronous wheels (22) arranged on the vertical central line of a nozzle support plate (20), and the two synchronous wheels (22) are connected through a synchronous belt (23); the upper synchronous wheel (22) is arranged on an output shaft of a synchronous wheel driving motor (21), the synchronous wheel driving motor (21) is arranged on the spray head supporting plate (20), and the lower synchronous wheel (22) is arranged on a belt wheel supporting shaft (201) connected on the spray head supporting plate (20);

guide rod supporting seats (24) are equidistantly arranged on two sides of the synchronizing wheel (22), and 2 guide rods (25) are arranged on each guide rod supporting seat (24); printing heads are mounted on guide rods (25) on both sides of the synchronous wheel (22), and the two printing heads are fixed on both sides of the synchronous belt (23) through side lugs (101).

6. The dual-nozzle hybrid continuous fiber reinforced composite 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein: the 3D printer frame comprises an X, Y, Z triaxial movement mechanism, the Y-axis movement mechanism comprises a Y-axis sliding block, the Y-axis sliding block is installed on a Y-axis screw rod (37), the end of the Y-axis screw rod (37) is connected with the output shaft of a Y-axis driving motor (36), and the Y-axis screw rod (37) and the Y-axis driving motor (36) are fixed on the Y-axis frame; the Y-axis frame is connected with a Z-axis movement mechanism, the Z-axis movement mechanism comprises an external support frame (26), two sides of the bottom of the external support frame (26) are connected to the Y-axis frame, a Z-axis screw (29) and a Z-axis guide rod (30) are installed on the vertical section of the external support frame (26), a Z-axis slider (31) is installed on the Z-axis screw (29) and the Z-axis guide rod (30), the Z-axis screw (29) is connected with an output shaft of a Z-axis driving motor (28), and the Z-axis driving motor (28) is installed on the horizontal section of the top of the external support frame (26); an X-axis movement mechanism is connected between the two Z-axis sliding blocks (31), the X-axis movement mechanism comprises an X-axis guide rod (33) and an X-axis screw (32), the X-axis guide rod (33) and the X-axis screw (32) are connected between the two Z-axis sliding blocks (31), the X-axis guide rod (33) and the X-axis screw (32) are provided with X-axis sliding blocks (34), the end of the X-axis screw (32) is connected with an output shaft of an X-axis driving motor (35), and the X-axis driving motor (35) is fixed on the outer side of one Z-axis sliding block (31);

a printing platform (38) is arranged on the Y-axis sliding block, and a double-nozzle printing module is arranged on the X-axis sliding block (34); 2 winding wheels (27) are installed on the top horizontal section of the external support frame (26).

7. The dual-nozzle hybrid continuous fiber reinforced composite 3D printing device according to claim 2, wherein: the fiber tows (11) are continuous fibers made of any materials, and the fiber tows (11) in the two printing heads are different in type; the resin is thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin, and the types of the resin in the two printing heads are the same or different; the resin is in the form of a liquid or solid.

8. The dual-nozzle hybrid continuous fiber reinforced composite 3D printing device according to claim 2, wherein: the heating block (8) is provided with 2 heating holes (83), 1 resin feeding hole (82) and 1 continuous fiber feeding hole (81), and the heating holes (83) are used for installing heating rods.

9. A printing method of a double-nozzle hybrid continuous fiber reinforced composite 3D printing device is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) when printing is started, a first nozzle (9) for printing the carbon fiber composite material on the double-nozzle printing module moves downwards to the bottom of the printing module under the driving of a synchronizing wheel (22), a second nozzle (9) for printing the glass fiber moves upwards, at the moment, scissors of the shearing mechanism are in an open state, then the double-nozzle printing module moves in the X direction and the Z direction, and a printing platform (38) moves in the Y direction;

2) when the first nozzle (9) reaches the printing plane, the printing head motor (2) starts to drive and starts to print the first layer of the model; after the first layer is printed, the first nozzle (9) moves upwards for 2mm under the drive of the synchronous belt (23), the shearing slide block (16) moves to enable the scissors to be closed to shear the fiber tows (11) in the first nozzle (9), and then the shearing slide block (16) moves again to enable the scissors to be opened;

3) the synchronous belt (23) drives the first nozzle (9) to move upwards continuously, and the second nozzle (9) stops when reaching the bottom of the printing module; then the printing module moves upwards by a distance of one layer, the printing module starts to move in a plane, the second nozzle (9) starts to print the second layer of fiber composite material, after the second layer is printed, the second nozzle (9) moves upwards by 2mm under the driving of the synchronous belt (23), the shearing sliding block (16) moves to enable the scissors to be closed to shear the fiber tows (11) of the second nozzle (9), and then the shearing sliding block (16) moves again to enable the scissors to be opened;

4) the synchronous belt (23) drives the second nozzle (9) to continuously move upwards, the first nozzle (9) moves downwards, the first nozzle (9) stops when reaching the bottom of the printing module, then the printing module moves upwards by a layer distance, the printing module starts to perform plane movement, the first nozzle (9) starts to perform third-layer printing, after the layer is printed, the first nozzle (9) moves upwards by 2mm under the driving of the synchronous belt (23), the shearing sliding block (16) moves to enable the scissors to be closed to shear the fiber tows (11) in the first nozzle (9), and then the shearing sliding block (16) moves reversely to enable the scissors to be opened;

5) and (4) circulating the steps 1) to 4) until the printing of the whole component is completed.

Images