CN111991000A - Real-time monitoring device and method of tidal volume based on simple impeller and photoelectric encoder - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a real-time monitoring device for tidal volume based on a simple impeller and a photoelectric encoder, comprising a mouthpiece, a main trachea, a suction pipe, an exhalation pipe and a microprocessor. The pipe and the exhalation pipe are connected to the other end of the main trachea, the first shunt mechanism and the first impeller mechanism are arranged in the inhalation pipe, the free end of the inhalation pipe is installed with a first photoelectric encoder, and the first impeller mechanism Connected with the shaft of the first photoelectric encoder, a second shunt mechanism and a second impeller mechanism are arranged in the exhalation pipe, a second photoelectric encoder is installed at the free end of the exhalation pipe, and the second impeller mechanism is connected with the second photoelectric encoder. The shafts of the encoders are connected, and the first photoelectric encoder and the second photoelectric encoder are both connected with the microprocessor. The invention also discloses a real-time monitoring method for tidal volume based on a simple impeller and a photoelectric encoder. The invention has the advantages of simple structure and low cost, and can ensure the unidirectional flow of gas and obtain the tidal volume.

Description

Real-time monitoring device and method of tidal volume based on simple impeller and photoelectric encoder

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of human respiratory tidal volume monitoring, in particular to a real-time monitoring device and method for tidal volume based on a simple impeller and a photoelectric encoder.

Background technique

Nowadays, respiratory diseases have become one of the main killers of human health. Chronic obstructive pulmonary emphysema, chronic respiratory failure and asthma are the most common types of respiratory diseases, which greatly threaten human health. For example, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease can lead to progressive deterioration of lung function, as well as problems such as depression, malnutrition, and heart failure. According to statistics, there are more than 43 million chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. In the past ten years, the hospitalization rate of this disease has been rising, and its high cost of treatment has caused a huge burden on patients and society. Human respiratory system signal monitoring is one of the important contents in the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases, and its data provides an important reference for the diagnosis and clinical treatment of patients.

Tidal volume monitoring is an essential part of it. However, the existing tidal volume monitoring equipment has technical problems such as high price, cumbersome equipment, simple functions, and low medical value, which makes it difficult to popularize.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a real-time monitoring device and method for tidal volume based on a simple impeller and a photoelectric encoder.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution provided by an embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

A real-time monitoring device for tidal volume based on a simple impeller and a photoelectric encoder, comprising a mouthpiece, a main trachea, an inhalation pipe, an exhalation pipe and a microprocessor, the mouthpiece is connected to one end of the main trachea, and the The inhalation pipe and the exhalation pipe are connected with the other end of the main air pipe, the inhalation pipe is provided with a first shunt mechanism and a first impeller mechanism, and the free end of the inhalation pipe is installed with a first photoelectric encoder, the first impeller mechanism is connected with the shaft of the first photoelectric encoder, a second shunt mechanism and a second impeller mechanism are arranged in the exhalation pipe, and the free end of the exhalation pipe is installed with a second shunt mechanism and a second impeller mechanism. Two photoelectric encoders, the second impeller mechanism is connected with the shaft of the second photoelectric encoder, and both the first photoelectric encoder and the second photoelectric encoder are connected with the microprocessor.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the first flow dividing mechanism includes a first baffle plate, a first movable plate open and closed with the first baffle plate, and the first movable plate is located along the airflow direction in the suction pipe. Behind the first baffle, the second flow dividing mechanism includes a second baffle and a second movable plate that is open and closed with the second baffle, the second movable plate along the airflow in the exhalation pipe The direction is behind the second baffle.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the distance between the intersection of the suction pipe and the blowing pipe and the first baffle is 10-30 mm, and the intersection of the suction pipe and the blowing pipe is 10-30 mm from the second baffle. The distance between the baffles is 10-30mm.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the distance between the intersection of the suction pipe and the blowing pipe and the mouthpiece is 50-100 mm.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the first impeller mechanism includes a first mounting frame, a first support shaft capable of rotating on the first mounting frame, and a plurality of circumferentially mounted on the first support shaft The first impeller, the first support shaft is connected with the shaft of the first photoelectric encoder, and the second impeller mechanism includes a second mounting frame and a second support shaft that can rotate on the second mounting frame and a plurality of second impellers installed on the second support shaft in the circumferential direction, the second support shaft is connected with the shaft of the second photoelectric encoder.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the inclination angle of the first impeller relative to the section of the suction pipe is 10-30°, and the inclination angle of the second impeller relative to the section of the expiratory pipe is 10-30° .

As a further improvement of the present invention, both the first mounting frame and the second mounting frame include an annular frame, a cylinder arranged in the annular frame, and a plurality of reinforcing plates connecting the annular frame and the cylinder.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the microprocessor is a single-chip microcomputer.

As a further improvement of the present invention, one end of the mouthpiece has a small opening, which is connected to one end of the main air pipe, and the other end has a large opening.

A real-time monitoring method for tidal volume based on a simple impeller and a photoelectric encoder, using the monitoring device, comprising the following steps:

(1) Power on and turn on the microcontroller;

(2) Wear a mouthpiece and breathe naturally through the mouthpiece;

(3) The single-chip microcomputer calculates the tidal volume according to the real-time feedback of the first impeller speed or the second impeller speed of the first photoelectric encoder or the second photoelectric encoder;

(4) Save and display the obtained tidal volume.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The invention is simple in structure, convenient in use and low in cost. By arranging the first baffle plate and the first movable plate in the inhalation pipe and the second baffle plate and the second movable plate in the exhalation pipe, the unidirectional flow of gas can be ensured. When the gas passes through, it drives the first impeller or the second impeller to rotate, and the first impeller or the second impeller drives the corresponding photoelectric encoder to rotate. By reading the number of pulses sent by the photoelectric encoder when it rotates, the rotation of the first impeller or the second impeller is obtained. The number of laps can be obtained to obtain the tidal volume of the human body when breathing, which has great medical value.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments described in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a monitoring device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a half-sectional view of the connection between the suction pipe, the first impeller and the first photoelectric encoder of the monitoring device according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of the second impeller and the second photoelectric encoder of the monitoring device according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of the first movable plate of the monitoring device in the exhalation state according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a schematic diagram of a second movable plate of the monitoring device according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention in an inhalation state;

In the figure: 10, mouthpiece, 12, main trachea, 14, inhalation pipe, 16, exhalation pipe, 18, first shunt mechanism, 20, first impeller mechanism, 22, first photoelectric encoder, 24, first Two-split mechanism, 26, second impeller mechanism, 28, second photoelectric encoder, 30, first baffle, 32, first movable plate, 34, second baffle, 36, second movable plate, 37, cross Location, 38, first fulcrum, 40, first impeller, 42, second fulcrum, 44, second impeller, 46, annular frame, 48, cylinder, 50, reinforcing plate, 52, first clamping mechanism , 54, the second clamping mechanism, 56, the first clamping rod, 58, the second clamping rod, 60, the conical cover, 62, the microcontroller.

Detailed ways

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described The embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5, a real-time monitoring device for tidal volume based on a simple impeller and a photoelectric encoder, including a mouthpiece 10, a main trachea 12, an inhalation pipe 14, an exhalation pipe 16 and a microprocessor, the mouthpiece 10 is connected with one end of the main trachea 12, the suction pipe 14 and the exhalation pipe 16 are connected with the other end of the main trachea 12, and a first shunt mechanism 18 and a first impeller mechanism 20 are arranged in the suction pipe 14, The free end of the trachea 14 is installed with a first photoelectric encoder 22, the first impeller mechanism 20 is connected to the shaft of the first photoelectric encoder 22, and the exhalation pipe 16 is provided with a second shunt mechanism 24 and a second impeller mechanism 26 , the free end of the exhalation tube 16 is installed with a second photoelectric encoder 28, the second impeller mechanism 26 is connected with the shaft of the second photoelectric encoder 28, and the first photoelectric encoder 22 and the second photoelectric encoder 28 are both connected to the micro processor is connected.

As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , it is preferred in the present invention that the first flow dividing mechanism 18 includes a first baffle 30 and a first movable plate 32 that is open and closed with the first baffle 30 , and the first movable plate 32 is along the suction pipe 14 . The direction of the internal airflow is located behind the first baffle 30 , and the second flow dividing mechanism 24 includes a second baffle 34 and a second movable plate 36 that is open and closed with the second baffle 34 , and the second movable plate 36 is along the exhalation pipe 16 . The direction of the inner air flow is located behind the second baffle 34, the first baffle 30 and the second baffle 34 are fixed, and the first movable plate 32 and the second movable plate 36 can be respectively connected with each other when there is no airflow in the corresponding direction. The first baffle 30 and the second baffle 34 are closely attached to ensure that no airflow passes through the inhalation pipe 14 or the exhalation pipe 16. When there is an airflow in the corresponding direction, a certain angle can be opened according to the size of the airflow to allow the airflow to pass through. It is convenient to push the first impeller mechanism 20 and the second impeller mechanism 26 to work respectively.

In the present invention, the distance between the intersection 37 of the suction pipe 14 and the blowing pipe 16 and the first baffle 30 is preferably 10-30 mm, and the distance between the intersection 37 of the suction pipe 14 and the blowing pipe 16 and the second baffle 34 is 10-30 mm. The distance is 10-30mm to avoid gas residue and improve monitoring accuracy.

In order to avoid gas accumulation and reduce errors, it is preferred in the present invention that the distance between the intersection of the suction pipe 14 and the blowing pipe 16 and the mouthpiece 10 be 50-100 mm.

Preferably, the first impeller mechanism 20 of the present invention includes a first mounting frame, a first support shaft 38 capable of rotating on the first mounting frame, and a plurality of first impellers 40 mounted on the first support shaft 38 in the circumferential direction. The support shaft 38 is connected with the shaft of the first photoelectric encoder 22, and the second impeller mechanism 26 includes a second mounting frame, a second support shaft 42 that can rotate on the second mounting frame, and is circumferentially mounted on the second support shaft. A plurality of second impellers 44 on 42, the second support shaft 42 is connected with the shaft of the second photoelectric encoder 28, as shown in FIG. 3 .

In order to facilitate the unidirectional flow of gas to drive the first impeller 40 and the second impeller 44 to rotate, it is preferred in the present invention that the inclination angle of the first impeller 40 relative to the cross section of the suction pipe 14 is 10-30°, and the second impeller 44 is relative to the exhalation pipe 14. The angle of inclination of the section of the tube 16 is 10-30°.

As shown in FIG. 2 , in the present invention, preferably, both the first mounting frame and the second mounting frame include an annular frame 46 , a cylinder 48 disposed in the annular frame 46 , and a plurality of reinforcing plates 50 connecting the annular frame 46 and the cylinder 48 . Further preferably, one end of the first support shaft 38 and one end of the second support shaft 42 are provided with a support rod (not shown in the figure), and the support rod is placed in the corresponding cylinder 48 and can be inserted into the cylinder 48. Internal rotation.

In order to facilitate the installation of the first photoelectric encoder 22 and the second photoelectric encoder 28 , it is preferred in the present invention that the outer wall of the inhalation pipe 14 is installed with a first clamping mechanism 52 , and the outer wall of the expiratory pipe 16 is installed with a second clamping mechanism 54 . Further preferably, the first clamping mechanism 52 includes three first clamping rods 56 arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the second clamping mechanism 54 includes three second clamping rods 58 arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction. The rod 56 and the second clamping rod 58 are both L-shaped.

According to the present invention, the mouthpiece 10 preferably has a small opening at one end and is connected to one end of the main trachea 12, and has a large opening at the other end, which matches the shape of a human face, and can completely cover the entire mouth during the monitoring process to avoid air leakage. Further preferably, the cross section of the mouthpiece 10 is circular, which can further prevent the air flow from leaking out. Furthermore, the other end of the mouthpiece 10 is extended with a conical cover body 60, which can better fit a person's face and face, and further avoid the leakage of air flow. In the present invention, the mouthpiece 10 is preferably made of soft material, so as to avoid scratching the human mouth and improve monitoring comfort. Further preferably, the mouthpiece 10 is made of silicone material.

In the present invention, the microprocessor is preferably the single-chip microcomputer 62, but it is not limited to the single-chip microcomputer 62, and can also be an ARM processor or a DSP. It is further preferred that the model of the single-chip microcomputer 62 is 89C2051.

The real-time monitoring method for tidal volume based on a simple impeller and a photoelectric encoder of the present invention is introduced below, including the following steps:

(1) Power on, turn on the microcontroller 62;

(2) wear the mouthpiece 10, and carry out natural breathing through the mouthpiece 10;

(3) The single chip 62 calculates the tidal volume according to the first impeller rotational speed or the second impeller rotational speed fed back in real time by the first photoelectric encoder 22 or the second photoelectric encoder 28;

(4) Save and display the obtained tidal volume.

Specifically, in step (2), performing natural breathing includes performing inhalation or exhalation.

Specifically, in step (4), the obtained tidal volume is visually displayed on the display screen.

When the gas is inhaled, it drives the first impeller 40 to rotate, the first impeller 40 drives the shaft of the first photoelectric encoder 22 to rotate, the first photoelectric encoder 22 outputs pulses, and the number of pulses is expressed in hexadecimal, and the number of pulses is used to obtain the rotation circle. number, so as to obtain the speed of the first impeller, and calculate the inspiratory tidal volume of the human body. Inspiratory tidal volume = K1 × speed of the first impeller × t1, where K1 is a proportional coefficient, which can be calculated by the formula: given flow rate = K1 × first impeller The rotational speed is obtained by point-by-point calibration, and t1 is the inspiratory time. When the gas is exhaled, the second impeller 44 is driven to rotate, the second impeller 44 drives the shaft of the second photoelectric encoder 28 to rotate, the second photoelectric encoder 28 outputs pulses, and the number of pulses is expressed in hexadecimal, and the circle of rotation is obtained by the number of pulses. to obtain the rotational speed of the second impeller 44, and calculate the expiratory tidal volume of the human body. Second impeller speed", obtained by point-by-point calibration, t2 is the expiratory time.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments are to be regarded in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, which are therefore intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims. All changes within the meaning and scope of the equivalents of , are included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims shall not be construed as limiting the involved claim.

In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, not each embodiment only includes an independent technical solution, and this description in the specification is only for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should take the specification as a whole , the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementations that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (10)

1. a real-time monitoring device for tidal volume based on simple impeller and photoelectric encoder, is characterized in that, comprises mouthpiece, main trachea, suction pipe, exhalation pipe and microprocessor, described mouthpiece and described general trachea; The inhalation pipe and the exhalation pipe are connected to the other end of the main trachea, and the inhalation pipe is provided with a first shunt mechanism and a first impeller mechanism. A first photoelectric encoder is installed at the end, the first impeller mechanism is connected with the shaft of the first photoelectric encoder, and a second shunt mechanism and a second impeller mechanism are arranged in the exhalation pipe. A second photoelectric encoder is installed at the free end of the motor, the second impeller mechanism is connected with the shaft of the second photoelectric encoder, and both the first photoelectric encoder and the second photoelectric encoder are connected to the microprocessor. connected. 2 . The real-time monitoring device for tidal volume based on a simple impeller and a photoelectric encoder according to claim 1 , wherein the first diverting mechanism comprises a first baffle, an open and close connection with the first baffle. 3 . a first movable plate, the first movable plate is located behind the first baffle along the airflow direction in the suction pipe, and the second flow dividing mechanism includes a second baffle, which is opened and closed with the second baffle A connected second movable plate, the second movable plate is located behind the second baffle along the airflow direction in the exhalation pipe. 3. The real-time monitoring device for tidal volume based on a simple impeller and a photoelectric encoder according to claim 2, wherein the distance between the intersection of the suction pipe and the blowing pipe and the first baffle is 10-30mm, and the distance between the intersection of the suction pipe and the blowing pipe and the second baffle is 10-30mm. 4. the tidal volume real-time monitoring device based on simple impeller and photoelectric encoder according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the distance between the intersection of described suction pipe and blowing pipe and described blowing nozzle is 50- 100mm. 5. The real-time monitoring device for tidal volume based on a simple impeller and a photoelectric encoder according to claim 1, wherein the first impeller mechanism comprises a first mounting frame, a A first support shaft and a plurality of first impellers circumferentially mounted on the first support shaft, the first support shaft is connected with the shaft of the first photoelectric encoder, and the second impeller mechanism includes A second mounting frame, a second supporting shaft rotatable on the second mounting frame, and a plurality of second impellers circumferentially mounted on the second supporting shaft, the second supporting shaft and the first The shafts of the two photoelectric encoders are connected. 6. The real-time monitoring device for tidal volume based on a simple impeller and a photoelectric encoder according to claim 5, wherein the inclination angle of the first impeller relative to the cross section of the suction pipe is 10-30°, so The inclination angle of the second impeller relative to the section of the exhalation tube is 10-30°. 7 . The real-time monitoring device for tidal volume based on a simple impeller and a photoelectric encoder according to claim 5 , wherein the first mounting frame and the second mounting frame both comprise an annular frame and are arranged in the annular frame. 8 . a cylinder and a plurality of reinforcing plates connecting the annular frame and the cylinder. 8 . The real-time monitoring device for tidal volume based on a simple impeller and a photoelectric encoder according to claim 1 , wherein the microprocessor is a single-chip microcomputer. 9 . 9. The real-time monitoring device for tidal volume based on a simple impeller and a photoelectric encoder according to claim 1, wherein one end of the mouthpiece has a small opening and is connected to one end of the main gas pipe, and the other end has a large opening. . 10. A real-time monitoring method for tidal volume based on a simple impeller and a photoelectric encoder, characterized in that, using the monitoring device as described in any one of claims 1-9, comprising the following steps: (1) Power on and turn on the microcontroller; (2) Wear a mouthpiece and breathe naturally through the mouthpiece; (3) The single-chip microcomputer calculates the tidal volume according to the real-time feedback of the first impeller speed or the second impeller speed of the first photoelectric encoder or the second photoelectric encoder; (4) Save and display the obtained tidal volume.

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