CN111998601A - Cooling device and method for circulating water - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a cooling device and a method for circulating water after the temperature of the circulating water is raised for cooling in an industrial process, which construct a series system of an air cooler and a water cooling tower by efficiently combining the cooling characteristics of a finned tube air cooler and the water cooling tower, divide a spraying area of the water cooling tower into areas which can be independently regulated and controlled on a projection surface of the cross section of the spraying area, and realize the maximum water saving under the condition of ensuring the cooling requirement by carrying out water spraying regulation according to the atmospheric temperature and regulating and controlling the water quantity of the circulating water entering the water cooling tower after the air cooler; the air cooler is arranged at the air inlet at the lower part of the water cooling tower, so that the construction cost of the air suction tower can be saved, the water saving by air cooling can be realized, the problem that the traditional water cooling tower consumes a large amount of water and the indirect air cooling and heat exchange capacity is low is solved, the effect of cooling and recycling circulating water is ensured, the purposes of reducing the scale of the device and saving the investment and the operating cost of the device are achieved, and the water cooling and water saving device belongs to the field of industrial water circulation, industrial cooling and air cooling water saving.

Description

Cooling device and method for circulating water

technical field

The invention relates to a cooling device and method for cooling circulating water after the circulating water used for cooling in industrial processes is heated, especially for the cooling of circulating cooling water and the condensation of steam in industrial processes, indirect cooling by air and the use of air in cooling water towers Direct cooling in series overcomes the problem of large water consumption in traditional cooling towers and low heat exchange capacity for indirect air cooling, ensures the effect of circulating water cooling and recycling and steam condensation, and achieves the purpose of reducing device scale, saving device investment and operating costs, and belongs to the industry. Water circulation, industrial cooling and air cooling water saving fields.

Background technique

In many industrial production processes such as electric power, metallurgy, and chemical industry, a large amount of water is used as a cooling medium to cool production equipment and products. The cooling water used as the cooling medium must be reduced in temperature before it can be recycled and reused after heating itself up in the process cooling process. The cooling of circulating water often adopts the cooling tower method in which the circulating water and the air are directly contacted to cool down in the cooling water tower, and there are also closed-circuit indirect cooling methods. The direct cooling of the cooling tower type and the indirect cooling of the water spray cooling are realized by the heat absorption of water evaporation, and the water droplets are also entrained and lost by the air, so a large amount of water needs to be consumed. Air indirect cooling with finned tubes can save a lot of industrial water, but since the heat transfer coefficient of air is much smaller than that of water evaporation, the large cooling equipment will lead to excessive equipment investment. Usually, the water consumption of cooling tower cooling is positively correlated with the cooling rate of circulating water, and the reduction of cooling rate will also reduce water consumption; The heat transfer driving force temperature difference of the fluid section with high circulating water temperature is large, and the cooling capacity is strong, and vice versa. In addition, when the atmospheric temperature is high in summer, the cooling tower can better meet the cooling requirements, while the indirect cooling of the finned tube air is difficult to meet the cooling requirements. After the atmospheric temperature decreases in the spring, autumn and winter, the cooling capacity of the finned tube increases significantly. high, and the water consumption of the cooling tower is reduced very little. Even if the cooling tower is used alone, it also consumes a lot of water in the low temperature period. The finned tube cooling alone cannot meet the requirements and the investment cost is high due to the insufficient cooling capacity in the high temperature period. In the 1980s, German scientific and technological workers also explored and tried the technology and application of the tandem use of finned tube air indirect cooling and cooling water tower air direct cooling, but it failed to become a popularized and applied technology. There are many reasons for this, but the most basic reason is that the in-depth research and development of process composition and facility structure is insufficient, the system is not reasonable, and the complementary advantages of the two cannot be fully utilized, resulting in large equipment investment and poor investment cost performance. high, and the ability to adapt to the actual working conditions of industrial applications is insufficient. Therefore, explore a technical route, supporting systems and devices that use cooling water tower cooling in summer to ensure the cooling effect, and use air cooler cooling to reduce cooling water consumption in spring, autumn and winter, which can moderately reduce water consumption and moderate equipment investment costs. It is particularly important to save water and increase efficiency in metallurgical and chemical industries, especially the transformation of the existing cooling tower cooling system.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method that can greatly reduce investment costs, ensure the cooling effect of circulating water and save water. By efficiently and organically combining the cooling characteristics of finned tubes and cooling water towers, a series system of finned tubes and cooling water towers is constructed, and the spraying area of cooling water towers is divided into areas that can be individually adjusted on the projection plane of its cross-section, according to the atmospheric temperature. The water spray is adjusted, and the maximum water saving under the cooling requirements is guaranteed by the adjustment of the amount of water circulating in the cooling tower after the finned tube. The adjustment can save the construction cost of the suction tower; by placing the air cooler on the shady side facing north to maximize the use of atmospheric wind and avoid direct sunlight, the effect of the air cooler is further improved; The tuyere is set to be movable to avoid the problem of insufficient suction of the suction tower; after the fin spacing of the finned tube is enlarged, the wind resistance is reduced, which ensures the suction of the suction tower and also achieves a better air cooling effect. The invention provides a process system, an operation mode and equipment guarantee for ensuring the cooling effect of the circulating water, reducing the investment cost and achieving the purpose of saving water.

The technology of the present invention adopts the following scheme to realize:

The cooling device for circulating water is characterized in that the device at least includes an air cooler for realizing the indirect air cooling process of the circulating water, and a cooling water tower for realizing the direct air cooling process of the circulating water; A finned tube composed of a circulating fluid pipe and fins formed by spaced sheet-like thin plates connected to the outside of the fluid pipe, the fins and the outer wall of the fluid pipe are in contact with the circulating air; the cooling water tower at least includes a suction tower and The circulating water sprayer is set on the upper part of the suction tower, the air inlet is set on the lower part of the suction tower, and the air outlet is on the top; The circulating water sprinkler inlet of the tower is connected, and the circulating water outlet of the cooling water tower is connected with the water demand side of the circulating water user;

The flow regulation of circulating water is carried out as follows:

(1) The circulating water cooled by the air cooler flows in two parts, one part of which enters the cooling water tower for further cooling, and the other part is not cooled by the cooling water tower, but is mixed with the circulating water cooled by the cooling water tower, and returned to the process as circulating water cold water The system is recycled, and the proportion of water entering the cooling tower for cooling is adjusted by the valve according to the change of atmospheric temperature.

Or (2) the circulating water sprinkler on the upper part of the cooling water tower is divided into two or more water spray areas on the projection surface of the cross section of the suction tower. The number of water increases, and as the atmospheric temperature decreases, the number of water sprays in the water spray area decreases.

Or the above (1) and (2) can be used simultaneously.

The device is characterized in that the finned tube of the air cooler is arranged at the air inlet at the lower part of the suction tower, and the air enters the suction tower from the air inlet after passing through the fin space of the air cooler, flows upward and finally is discharged from the air outlet.

The device is characterized in that a water blocking curtain is arranged at a certain distance from the air outlet side of the finned tube of the air cooler at the bottom of the suction tower. Or set inclined to the horizontal plane.

The device is characterized in that the air cooler arranged at the air inlet at the lower part of the suction tower is a movable structure, and is arranged at the air inlet under required working conditions, and the air passes through the space between the fins of the air cooler. , In unneeded conditions, the air cooler can be moved away from the air inlet position.

The device is characterized in that the air cooler is arranged adjacent to the cooling water tower, the air cooler is arranged in the air cooling tower, and an induced draft fan is arranged on the top of the air cooling tower, and the induced draft fan attracts air through the fin space of the air cooler, and then flows from the air cooler. Its top is discharged.

The device is characterized in that the air cooler is arranged at the lower part of the air cooling tower, and is switched with the setting of the air inlet at the lower part of the suction tower of the cooling water tower through position movement.

The device is characterized in that the device includes at least an air cooler for realizing the indirect air cooling process of circulating water, a vertical cooling pipe for realizing the indirect cooling of circulating water, and a cooling water tower for realizing the direct air cooling process of circulating water; The inlet is connected to the circulating water and hot water to be cooled, the circulating water outlet of the air cooler is connected to the circulating water inlet of the vertical cooling pipe, the circulating water outlet of the vertical cooling pipe is connected to the inlet of the circulating water sprayer of the cooling water tower, and the circulating water outlet of the cooling water tower is connected. It is connected with the water demand side of circulating water users; the vertical cooling pipe is arranged at the bottom of the cooling water tower, and the top of the vertical cooling pipe is provided with a water distributor, through which a water film flowing down along the outer wall of the vertical cooling pipe is formed. The water distribution can be adjusted and opened according to the change of atmospheric temperature.

The device is characterized in that the distance between the fins of the air cooler is between 4 and 8 mm.

The method of applying the cooling device for circulating water is characterized in that the air inlet at the lower part of the suction tower is divided into two parts of the air inlet section, one part is the air inlet section of the air cooler with the air cooler, and the other part is the channel without the air cooler. Air inlet section; the air inlet section of the channel is a structure that can adjust the opening and closing degree, and the opening and closing degree can be adjusted with the change of atmospheric temperature.

The method of applying the cooling device for circulating water is characterized in that an air cooler is arranged on the shady side facing north of the air inlet at the lower part of the suction tower, and the sunny side facing south is a passage air inlet section without an air cooler; The air inlet section adopts a structure that can adjust the opening and closing degree, and the opening and closing degree is adjusted with the change of the atmospheric temperature.

The specific instructions are as follows:

The cooling of circulating water is realized by connecting an air cooler with indirect air cooling and a cooling water tower with direct air cooling in series. The circulating water and hot water enter from the circulating water inlet of the fluid pipe of the air cooler, and the heat is removed by the indirect cooling and exchanging heat between the air cooler and the air, so as to cool the circulating water circulating in the pipe, and then discharged from the circulating water outlet of the fluid pipe of the air cooler, and then from the cold water. The inlet of the circulating water shower of the tower enters the cooling water tower and sprays water down and directly contacts with the rising air to exchange heat. The further cooled circulating water falls to the bottom of the cooling water tower and returns to the user as circulating water cold water for circulating water. In the high temperature section, the circulating water is indirectly cooled by the air, and the heat transfer has a large driving force and high heat exchange efficiency, which reduces the temperature of the circulating water entering the cooling water tower, reduces the cooling load of the cooling water tower, and reduces the evaporation; at the same time, in summer When the atmospheric temperature is high, when the indirect cooling air cooler alone cannot meet the cooling requirements, the direct cooling of the air through the cooling water tower can easily meet the cooling requirements of the circulating water. Due to the large change in atmospheric temperature, the cooling capacity of the circulating water also fluctuates greatly, and the temperature of the water cooled by the air cooler also fluctuates greatly. During the period of low atmospheric temperature, a small amount of cold water can be fed by adjusting the valve entering the cooling water tower. The tower, after further cooling, is mixed with the circulating water cooled only by the air cooler and returned to the user as circulating water cold water for recycling, thereby reducing the loss of water in the cooling tower. With the change of atmospheric temperature, the water evaporation loss of the cooling tower can be minimized under the condition of ensuring the cold water temperature of the circulating water by adjusting the amount of water sent to the cooling tower, so as to achieve the purpose of water saving. In severe winter and extremely low temperature, the valve entering the cooling tower can also be closed, and cooling is only achieved through the air cooler. In addition, since the cooling intensity of the circulating water and hot water in the cooling tower decreases after the cooling temperature of the circulating water and hot water passes through the air cooler, the use of sub-regional control spray on the cross-sectional projection surface of the cooling water tower can be based on the amount of water entering and the temperature. , Determine the spray area, when the inlet water temperature is low and the water volume is low, reducing the spray area and reducing the contact area between the spray water and the air can reduce the amount of evaporation and entrainment, and reduce the loss of water. By adjusting the amount of water entering the cooling tower and the technical means of spraying area alone or in combination according to the atmospheric temperature, the loss of water can be minimized.

In the cooling equipment and engineering of circulating water, the height of the suction tower that relies on natural ventilation generally reaches more than 100m. Although the height of the cooling tower that relies on fan ventilation is not high, it needs to be equipped with a fan, and its equipment costs are relatively high, so it is reduced. The investment in air suction equipment, especially the renovation of existing cooling towers and the addition of air coolers, reduces equipment investment costs and improves investment returns. It has become an important factor for the feasibility of technical solutions and projects. In the present invention, the finned tube of the air cooler is arranged at the air inlet at the lower part of the suction tower, and the air passes through the fin space of the air cooler and enters the suction tower from the air inlet, flows upward and finally is discharged from the air outlet. The ventilation and cooling of the air cooler is achieved by the suction effect of the suction tower, which greatly reduces the equipment investment. However, since the air cooler is set at the air inlet of the suction tower, it will increase the resistance of the suction tower. If it is not set properly, it will affect the suction capacity of the suction tower. Therefore, the present invention adopts the movable arrangement mode of the finned tubes of the air cooler, that is, when the atmospheric temperature is high and the cooling water tower is mainly used for cooling, and the suction force is reduced due to the increase of the atmospheric temperature, the air inlet of the suction tower can be used. Move it away, and only rely on the cooling water tower for cooling; when the atmospheric temperature is lowered, the suction capacity of the suction tower is improved, and the finned tube is moved to the air inlet of the suction tower for cooling by the air cooler, which not only ensures the suction capacity, but also The combination of the advantages of air cooler cooling and cooling water tower cooling ensures the reliability of operation.

The finned tube of the air cooler is set at the air inlet at the bottom of the suction tower, and will be splashed and stained by the water droplets sprayed from the upper part of the suction tower, causing corrosion of the finned tube. ice, causing equipment malfunction. By setting a water blocking curtain on the air outlet side of the finned tube at the bottom of the cooling water tower, the finned tube caused by water drop sputtering can be well solved. A certain distance between the water blocking curtain and the finned tube can not only prevent water droplets from splashing on the finned tube, but also does not affect the air flow of the finned tube. At the same time, the water curtain is inclined to the horizontal plane or the upper part of the water curtain is made into an outwardly inclined structure, which can not only expand the distance between the water curtain and the finned tube, but also ensure that it does not affect the air flow of the finned tube. Maximum interception of falling water from the upper part. The water curtain can be made of a wire mesh material or a plate-shaped material. The wire mesh material requires that the aperture of the wire mesh is less than 1 mm, that is, it can prevent water droplets from sputtering to the finned tube.

The air cooler that realizes the indirect air cooling process of the circulating water is a device used in series with the vertical cooling tube and the finned tube to realize the indirect cooling of the circulating water. The circulating water and hot water are initially cooled by the finned tube before entering the vertical cooling tube. After cooling, it is sent to the inlet of the circulating water sprayer of the cooling water tower, and then cooled by the cooling water tower and sent to the user as circulating water cold water. The upright cooling pipe is arranged at the bottom of the cooling water tower, and the top of the upright cooling pipe is provided with a water distribution ring, through which a water film flowing down along the outer wall of the upright cooling pipe is formed. The vertical cooling pipe can be used for water film evaporative cooling or direct air heat conduction cooling without water distribution. In the period of low atmospheric temperature, the cooling capacity of the finned tube alone is insufficient, and the cooling of the cooling tower consumes water, and the power is consumed by sending water to the sprinkler at a high position. In this case, the finned tube and the vertical The water film evaporative cooling of the cooling pipe can realize the cooling and operation of saving water and electricity.

In addition, in the cooling water tower with natural suction, the amount of air sucked is mainly affected by the temperature, and the change of the amount of air is usually not large. When the spray amount of water is greatly reduced, the ratio of hygroscopic air to water will increase significantly, and the water consumption per unit of spray water will increase significantly. In this case, the evaporation of the water film cooled by the vertical cooling pipe has a relatively small contact area with the air, the contact time is also short and does not scatter, the water consumption will be much less, but the cooling capacity is relatively large, avoiding a large amount of air. Hygroscopic and entrained water consumption. Compared with the finned tube, the equipment cost of the vertical cooling tube is much lower, and the cost-effectiveness of the investment on the cooling effect is relatively high, especially in areas with low temperature and long cold days, the effect is more obvious. The advantages and necessity of the cooling system are even more prominent.

The finned tubes of the air cooler can also be arranged adjacent to the cooling water tower. The air cooler is arranged in the air cooling tower, and an induced draft fan is arranged at the top of the air cooling tower. The induced draft fan attracts air through the fin space of the air cooler and then discharges from the top . In this way, the finned tubes can operate independently, which is more convenient for small-scale cooling systems. It is also possible to set the air cooler at the lower part of the air cooling tower, and switch with the setting of the air inlet at the lower part of the suction tower of the cooling water tower by moving the position. In this way, the operation of the exhaust fan at the top of the air cooling tower can be stopped during the period of low atmospheric temperature, so as to save electricity and reduce operating costs.

Since the air inlet of the finned tube at the bottom of the suction tower will increase the resistance of the suction tower, improper setting will affect the operation of the suction tower. It will significantly reduce its air resistance, and the cooling capacity of the fins will not be reduced much, which can well solve the contradiction between the suction tower suction and the resistance of the finned tubes.

In a large-scale natural suction tower system, the area of the air inlet is relatively large, and the suction capacity and cooling capacity vary greatly with the change of atmospheric temperature. If all the air inlets are equipped with finned tubes, the investment cost will increase greatly, but if only a part of the air inlets are installed, the air passing through the finned tubes with different resistance coefficients will be seriously insufficient, which will seriously affect the cooling effect. The air inlet at the lower part of the suction tower is divided into two parts, one part is the air inlet area of the air cooler with the air cooler, and the other part is the air inlet area of the channel without the air cooler; the air inlet area of the channel is adjustable opening and closing. The technical scheme of adjusting the opening and closing degree with the change of the atmospheric temperature can adjust the air inlet resistance for the adjustable opening and closing degree through the air inlet section of the channel, realize the adjustment and protection of the air volume flowing through the finned tube, and ensure the fins The cooling capacity of the sheet tube is exerted. At the same time, the opening and closing degree adjusting mechanism is simple in equipment and low in cost, and simple equipment commonly used in the industry can be used.

For large-scale circulating water cooling towers such as power plants, the diameters of the cooling towers are very large, and there are obvious differences in the wind impact and solar radiation heat absorption between the sunny side and the north side of the natural suction tower, especially in the northwest of northern my country. When the wind is the dominant wind direction, an air cooler is installed on the shady side facing north of the air inlet at the lower part of the suction tower, and the sunny side facing south is the air inlet section of the channel without an air cooler; the air inlet section of the channel is adjustable. The structure of the opening and closing degree, the adjustment and setting of the opening and closing degree are implemented with the change of the atmospheric temperature, which can effectively take advantage of the wind inlet advantage of the northwest wind and the characteristics of reducing radiation, improve the cooling effect and function of the finned tube, with a small investment. Get a greater cooling effect.

The beneficial effect of the invention is that by efficiently and organically combining the characteristics of the finned tube air cooler and the cooling water tower, a series system of the air cooler and the cooling water tower is constructed, and the spraying area of the cooling water tower is divided on the projection plane of its cross section into separate controllable In the area, the water spray is adjusted according to the atmospheric temperature, and the water volume of the circulating water entering the cooling tower after the air cooler is adjusted to ensure maximum water saving under the cooling requirements; And the adjustment of the ventilation channel can save the construction cost of the suction tower and realize water saving by using air cooling; by setting a water curtain at a certain distance from the air outlet side of the fin tube at the bottom of the suction tower, it can not only block The water droplets splash on the finned tubes without affecting the air flow of the finned tubes; through the indirect air cooling air cooler, the indirect cooling vertical cooling tube and the direct air cooling cooling tower in series, it can overcome the The cooling capacity of the finned tube is insufficient, and the cooling of the cooling tower consumes water, and the power is consumed by sending water to the sprinkler at a high position. The water film evaporative cooling of the finned tube and the vertical cooling tube is used to realize the cooling and energy saving of water and electricity. Operation; by placing the air cooler on the shady side facing north to maximize the use of atmospheric wind and avoid direct sunlight, the effect of the air cooler is further improved; the air cooler is set to be movable at the air inlet of the suction tower to avoid suction The problem of insufficient tower suction; the air resistance is reduced after the fin spacing of the air cooler is enlarged, which ensures the suction of the suction tower and also achieves a better air cooling effect. The invention provides a process system, an operation mode and equipment guarantee for ensuring the cooling effect of the circulating water, reducing the investment cost and achieving the purpose of saving water.

Description of drawings

Figure 1: Schematic diagram of series cooling between the finned tube and the cooling tower in the air inlet section of the natural suction channel;

Figure 2: Schematic diagram of the movement setting of the natural suction finned tube;

Figure 3: Schematic diagram of series cooling between finned tubes and water film evaporation vertical cooling tubes and cooling water towers;

Figure 4: Schematic diagram of series cooling between the suction fin tube of the induced draft fan and the suction cooling water tower of the induced draft fan;

Among them: 1- circulating water hot water, 2- finned tube, 3- fin, 4- natural suction tower, 5- cooling water tower shower, 6- cooling water tower bottom pool, 7- circulating water pressurized pump, 8- circulating water cold water, 9- water inlet control valve in the central area of the cooling tower sprinkler, 10- water inlet control valve in the outer peripheral area of the cooling tower sprinkler, 11- finned tube outlet water direct return valve, 12- suction tower Lower channel air inlet adjustment window, 13-finned tube removed from the air inlet of the cooling tower, 14-finned tube induced draft fan suction hood, 15-finned tube induced draft fan, 16-induced draft fan suction cooling tower, 17-cooling water Tower induced draft fan, 18- induced draft fan suction cooling tower air inlet, 19- induced draft fan suction cooling water tower packing, 20- natural suction tower fin tube moving direction at the air inlet, 21- cooling water tower bottom return valve, 22- The air flowing to the finned tube, 23-cooling tower air outlet, 24-water curtain, 25-vertical cooling pipe, 26-vertical cooling pipe water distributor, 27-annular gap water distribution flow path, 28-water film.

Detailed ways

Example 1

This embodiment is an application example of the cooling process of adjusting the finned tube and the cooling water tower in series in the ventilation area of the natural suction channel of the power plant, as shown in FIG. 1 . The circulating water and hot water 1 sent from the exhausted steam condenser of the power plant enters the finned tube 2 arranged at the lower air inlet of the natural suction tower 4, and passes through the space between the fins 3 under the suction effect of the suction tower 4. After the air 22 is cooled by heat exchange, a part of the outflow finned tube is sent to the cooling water tower shower 5 to contact with the air flowing upwards, and the water evaporates and absorbs heat and falls to the pool 6 at the bottom of the cooling water tower after cooling, and the other part of the water flows from the cooling tower. After the finned tube flows out, it directly enters the inlet of the circulating water pressurizing pump 7 and is mixed with the water discharged from the pool 6 at the bottom of the cooling water tower, and then sent to the spent steam condenser of the power plant for circulating cooling. The air whose temperature rises after exchanging heat with the fins of the finned tube is further in direct contact with the water under the shower during the rising process in the cooling water tower, and is discharged from the air outlet 23 of the cooling water tower together with the evaporated water vapor into the atmosphere.

During the period of high atmospheric temperature, close the direct return valve 11 of the finned tube outlet water, all the circulating water cooled by the fins enters the cooling water tower, the water inlet control valve 9 in the central area of the cooling tower sprayer and the outer peripheral area of the cooling water tower sprayer The water inlet control valve 10 is fully opened, and the return water valve 21 at the bottom of the cooling tower is fully opened to cool the circulating water to the maximum; , a part of the circulating water directly enters the inlet of the circulating water booster pump 7 and is mixed with the water discharged from the pool at the bottom of the cooling water tower, and then sent to the exhaust steam condenser of the power plant for circulating cooling, and the water inlet control valve 9 in the central area of the cooling water tower sprayer is closed , the circulating water only enters the peripheral area of the cooling tower sprinkler through the water inlet control valve 10 in the outer peripheral area of the cooling tower sprinkler for water spraying (or close the water inlet control valve 10 in the outer peripheral area of the cooling tower sprinkler, and the circulating water only passes through the cooling tower The water inlet control valve 9 in the central area of the shower enters the outer peripheral area of the cooling tower shower for watering), thus, because the amount of water entering the cooling tower is reduced, and the water temperature is also lower than the temperature of the circulating water and the hot water, the circulation water is reduced. Evaporation and entrainment losses; when the atmospheric temperature is further reduced, all open the direct return valve 11 of the finned tube outlet water, and the circulating water directly enters the inlet of the circulating water booster pump 7 and is sent to the power plant spent steam condenser for circulating cooling, and is closed at the same time. The water inlet control valve 9 in the central area of the cooling tower sprayer, the water inlet control valve 10 in the outer peripheral area of the cooling water tower sprayer and the return water valve 21 at the bottom of the cooling water tower stop the cooling of the cooling water tower and avoid the evaporation and entrainment of water in the cooling water tower loss, maximum water saving.

A passage ventilation section is set on the upper part of the finned tube set at the air inlet of the cooling tower, and the opening and closing degree of the passage ventilation section is adjusted by the passage ventilation adjustment window 12 in the lower part of the suction tower, and the opening and closing degree is adjusted with the change of the atmospheric temperature. When the temperature is high, open the air inlet adjustment window 12 of the lower passage of the suction tower, and a large amount of air enters the cooling water tower. When the atmospheric temperature is very low, close the ventilation adjustment window 12 of the lower passage of the suction tower, and the air completely passes through the finned tube to circulate the water. indirect cooling. The distance between the fins of the finned tube is 4.2mm. Compared with the traditional finned tube with a distance of 3.2mm, the air circulation resistance is significantly reduced, which ensures the suction of the natural suction tower of the cooling water tower in summer and can overcome the finned tube. The resistance brought by it ensures the normal operation of the cooling system.

A water blocking curtain 24 is arranged at the bottom of the cooling water tower. The water blocking curtain is made of wire mesh, and the water blocking curtain is inclined outward to the horizontal plane, thereby preventing the water falling from the cooling water tower from splashing to the finned tubes and avoiding the finned tubes. Corrosion and icing, while still not affecting the flow of air through the finned tubes.

Through the series cooling of the finned tube air indirect cooling and the cooling water tower air direct cooling, the cooling effect of the circulating water can be ensured, and the purpose of water saving can be achieved; In the area that can be adjusted separately, the water spray is adjusted according to the atmospheric temperature, and the water volume of the circulating water entering the cooling tower after the finned tube is adjusted to ensure maximum water saving under the cooling requirements; the finned tube enters the lower part of the cooling tower The setting of the position of the air outlet and the adjustment of the ventilation channel can use the natural suction cooling tower to save the construction cost of the finned tube suction tower; It can prevent water droplets from splashing to the finned tube without affecting the air flow of the finned tube. In the northern cold region, it can achieve the effect of saving more than 30% of water compared with the water consumption of the cooling tower method with 15% of the investment in complete finned tube air cooling.

Example 2

This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, the difference is that there is no channel air inlet interval adjustment at the air inlet of the natural suction tower, but as shown in Figure 2, when the temperature is very high in midsummer, the movable fins are The fin tube 25 is moved away from the air inlet of the natural suction tower along the moving direction 20 of the finned tube at the air inlet of the suction tower, and becomes the finned tube 13 that leaves the air inlet of the cooling tower without water. The air inlet of the natural suction tower is as The traditional natural suction cool water tower enters the air, which ensures the suction power of the cool water tower. After the atmospheric temperature decreases, the air cooling capacity increases, and the suction capacity of the suction tower increases, the finned tube is moved back to the air inlet of the natural suction tower along the moving direction 20 of the finned tube at the air inlet of the suction tower. Water is passed through the finned tube to implement indirect cooling of circulating water and hot water by air, and it is connected in series with the cooling tower to cool the circulating water to achieve the purpose of water saving. The distance between the fins of the finned tube can be made according to the usual design of 3.2mm under the method of applying the movable finned tube cooling. The water blocking curtain is composed of a plate-like material, and the water blocking curtain is arranged perpendicular to the horizontal plane on the horizontal plane (not marked in the figure).

The application of mobile finned tube cooling can achieve 18% of the investment in complete finned tube air cooling to save more than 25% of water compared with the cooling tower method in areas where the temperature is not too cold.

Example 3

This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, the difference is that the finned tube is installed on the northern half of the circumference of the air inlet of the natural suction tower, and the channel inlet is installed on the southern half of the circumference of the air inlet of the natural suction tower. Wind range adjustment. The distance between the fins of the finned tube is 8mm. Compared with the traditional finned tube with a distance of 3.2mm, the air circulation resistance is greatly reduced, which ensures the suction of the natural suction tower of the cooling water tower in summer and can overcome the finned tube. The resistance brought by it ensures the normal operation of the cooling system.

Example 4

This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, the difference is that a vertical cooling pipe for indirect cooling of circulating water is arranged in the natural suction tower, as shown in FIG. 3 . The circulating water hot water 1 enters the finned tube 2 and is cooled by the air passing through the fins 3 and then flows out, and then enters the vertical cooling tube 25 for indirect cooling. The bottom is in contact with the air flowing upward, the water evaporates and absorbs heat and is cooled, and then falls to the bottom pool 6 of the cooling water tower, and another part of the water flows out from the vertical cooling pipe and directly enters the inlet of the circulating water booster pump 7 and mixes with the water in the bottom pool of the cooling water tower. After that, it is sent to the exhaust steam condenser of the power plant for circulating cooling. The upper part of the vertical cooling pipe is provided with a vertical cooling pipe water distributor 26, which is in the shape of an inverted conical shell. The outer wall of the cooling pipe flows downward to form a water film 28 . The water supplied to the water distributor 26 can be the upper part of the cooling water tower or the controllable inflow water. When the amount of water sprayed on the upper part is large, the upper part of the cooling water tower can be used to spray water. When the cooling water tower stops spraying water, and the atmospheric temperature is not very low, only the cooling of the finned tube can not meet the requirements of the circulating water return water, open the upright The controllable water inlet of the cooling pipe water distributor (not marked in the figure) flows into the water distribution; when the atmospheric temperature is very low, the controllable water distribution of the water film vertical cooling pipe is stopped, and the water is cooled by air. The angle between the outer wall of the inverted cone ring and the horizontal plane is between 60° and 80°. A water film evaporation vertical cooling pipe is added at the outlet of the finned tube, and the circulating water is further cooled by the water film evaporation cooling of the vertical cooling pipe. Since the cooling effect of water film evaporation is much greater than that of indirect air cooling, in the late autumn and winter when the atmospheric temperature is relatively low In the early spring, finned tube cooling and water film evaporation vertical cooling tube cooling can meet the temperature requirements of circulating water return water, avoiding the use of cooling towers for direct cooling, and realizing closed-circuit cooling and circulation of circulating water. And because the production cost of the vertical cooling tube is much lower than that of the finned tube, the investment cost is reduced.

Example 5

This embodiment is an application example of the finned tube air cooling and cooling water tower series cooling process in a metallurgical enterprise, as shown in FIG. 4 . The circulating water hot water 1 sent from the process cooling device enters the finned tube 2 provided under the suction hood 14 of the finned tube induced draft fan, and is exchanged with the air 22 passing through the space between the fins 3 under the suction effect of the induced draft fan. After the heat is cooled down, a part of the circulating water flowing out of the finned tube is sent to the cooling water tower shower 5 in the induced draft fan suction cooling water tower 16 to flow down from the top, and the surface of the filler 19 in the induced draft fan suction cooling water tower is connected with the induced draft fan by the cooling water tower. 17 The air flowing upwards is sucked to contact heat exchange, and the water evaporates and absorbs heat and falls to the bottom pool 6 of the cooling water tower after being cooled, and the air after heat absorption is sucked and discharged into the atmosphere by the induced draft fan 17; The inlet directly into the circulating water pressurizing pump 7 is mixed with the water discharged from the pool 6 at the bottom of the cooling water tower and then sent to the process cooling device for circulating cooling. The air whose temperature increases after heat exchange with the fins of the finned tube rises and is discharged into the atmosphere under the suction of the finned tube induced draft fan 15 .

During the period of high atmospheric temperature, close the direct return valve 11 of the finned tube outlet water, all the circulating water cooled by the fins enters the cooling water tower, the water inlet control valve 9 in the central area of the cooling tower sprayer and the outer peripheral area of the cooling water tower sprayer The water inlet control valve 10 is fully opened, and the return water valve 21 at the bottom of the cooling tower is fully opened to cool the circulating water to the maximum; , a part of the circulating water directly enters the inlet of the circulating water booster pump 7 and is mixed with the water discharged from the pool at the bottom of the cooling water tower, and then sent to the process cooling device for circulating cooling. Only through the water inlet control valve 9 in the central area of the cooling tower sprinkler, enter the outer peripheral area of the cooling tower sprinkler for water spraying (or close the water inlet control valve 9 in the central area of the cooling tower sprinkler, and the circulating water only passes through the cooling tower sprinkler. The water inlet control valve 10 in the outer peripheral area enters the outer peripheral area of the cooling water tower sprinkler to spray water), thus, because the amount of water entering the cooling water tower is reduced, and the water temperature is also lower than the temperature of the circulating water and the hot water, the evaporation and entrainment of the circulating water are reduced. When the atmospheric temperature is further reduced, all the finned tube outlet water direct return valves 11 are opened, and the circulating water directly enters the inlet of the circulating water pressurizing pump 7 and is sent to the power plant exhaust steam condenser for circulating cooling, and the cooling water tower spray is closed at the same time. The water inlet control valve 9 in the central area of the shower, the water inlet control valve 10 in the outer peripheral area of the cooling tower shower, and the return water valve 21 at the bottom of the cooling tower stop the cooling of the cooling tower and avoid the evaporation and entrainment loss of water in the cooling tower. limited water saving.

Through the series cooling of finned tube air indirect cooling and fan suction cooling tower air direct cooling, both the cooling effect of circulating water can be ensured, and the purpose of water saving can be achieved; It is divided into areas that can be independently adjusted, and the water spray is adjusted according to the atmospheric temperature, and the maximum water saving under the cooling requirements is guaranteed by the adjustment of the amount of circulating water entering the cooling tower after the finned tube.

Claims (10)

1. The cooling device of circulating water is characterized in that the device comprises at least an air cooler that realizes the indirect air cooling process of circulating water and a cooling water tower that realizes the direct air cooling process of circulating water; A finned tube composed of a fluid tube circulating inside and fins formed by spaced lamellae connected to the outside of the fluid tube, the fins and the outer wall of the fluid tube are in contact with the circulating air; the cooling water tower at least includes a suction air The circulating water sprayer is arranged on the upper part of the tower and the suction tower, the air inlet is arranged at the lower part of the suction tower, and the air outlet is at the top; the circulating water inlet of the air cooler is connected with the circulating water hot water that needs to be cooled, and the circulating water outlet of the air cooler It is connected with the inlet of the circulating water sprinkler of the cooling water tower, and the circulating water outlet of the cooling water tower is connected with the water demand side of the circulating water user; The flow regulation of circulating water is carried out as follows: (1) The circulating water cooled by the air cooler flows in two parts, one part of which enters the cooling water tower for further cooling, and the other part is not cooled by the cooling water tower, but is mixed with the circulating water cooled by the cooling water tower, and returned to the process as circulating water cold water The system is recycled, and the proportion of water entering the cooling tower for cooling is adjusted by the valve according to the change of atmospheric temperature. Or (2) the circulating water sprinkler on the upper part of the cooling water tower is divided into two or more water spray areas on the projection surface of the cross section of the suction tower. The number of water increases, and as the atmospheric temperature decreases, the number of water sprays in the water spray area decreases. Or the above (1) and (2) can be used simultaneously. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the finned tube of the air cooler is arranged at the air inlet at the lower part of the suction tower, and the air enters the suction tower from the air inlet after passing through the fin space of the air cooler and flows upwards Finally, it is discharged from the air outlet. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the finned tube air outlet side of the air cooler at the bottom of the suction tower is provided with a water blocking curtain at a certain distance, and the water blocking curtain is composed of a wire mesh or a plate, and the The water curtain is arranged perpendicular to the horizontal plane or inclined to the horizontal plane. 4. The device according to claim 2, wherein the air cooler arranged at the air inlet at the lower part of the suction tower is a movable structure, and is arranged at the air inlet under required working conditions, and the air passes through the air cooling The space between the fins of the air cooler can be moved away from the air inlet when it is not needed. 5. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described air cooler is arranged adjacent to cooling water tower, air cooler is arranged in air cooling tower, is provided with induced draft fan at the top of air cooling tower, and air is drawn by induced draft fan to pass through air cooler The fin space is then drained from the top of it. 6 . The device according to claim 5 , wherein the air cooler is arranged at the lower part of the air cooling tower, and is switched with the setting of the air inlet at the lower part of the suction tower of the cooling water tower through position movement. 7 . 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device comprises at least an air cooler for realizing the indirect air cooling process of the circulating water, a vertical cooling pipe for realizing the indirect cooling of the circulating water, and cold water for realizing the direct air cooling process of the circulating water. Tower; the circulating water inlet of the air cooler is connected to the circulating water hot water to be cooled, the circulating water outlet of the air cooler is connected to the circulating water inlet of the vertical cooling pipe, and the circulating water outlet of the vertical cooling pipe is connected to the inlet of the circulating water sprayer of the cooling tower. , the circulating water outlet of the cooling water tower is connected to the water demand side of the circulating water user; the vertical cooling pipe is arranged at the bottom of the cooling water tower, and the top of the vertical cooling pipe is provided with a water distributor, and the water flowing down along the outer wall of the vertical cooling pipe is formed through the water distributor. Membrane, the water distribution of the water distributor can be adjusted and opened according to the change of atmospheric temperature. 8. The device according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 7, wherein the distance between the fins of the air cooler is between 4 and 8 mm. 9. the method of applying the cooling device of the described circulating water of claim 2 or 3 or 4 or 6 or 7 is characterized in that the air inlet at the lower part of the suction tower is divided into two parts of the air inlet section, and a part is the air cooler for setting the air cooler In the air inlet section, the other part is the air inlet section of the channel without an air cooler; the air inlet section of the channel is a structure that can adjust the opening and closing degree, and the opening and closing degree can be adjusted with the change of the atmospheric temperature. 10. The method of applying the cooling device of circulating water according to claim 1, characterized in that an air cooler is arranged on the shady side facing north of the air inlet at the lower part of the suction tower, and the sun side facing south is a channel without an air cooler. Air inlet section; the air inlet section of the channel adopts a structure that can adjust the opening and closing degree, and the opening and closing degree is adjusted with the change of the atmospheric temperature.

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