CN111995299A - 一种防锈水泥基材、防锈混凝土 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种防锈水泥基材,包括凝胶材料和氢基材料,所述氢基材料含有氢气,或所述氢基材料产生氢气。本发明通过氢气来防止钢筋被腐蚀氧化,有效防止混凝土中的钢筋被腐蚀,从而提高混凝土钢筋的使用寿命。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑混凝土技术领域,尤其涉及一种防锈水泥基材、防锈混凝土。
背景技术
水泥基材是钢筋混凝土的主要原料,而钢筋混凝土是民用及工程建筑的主要结构。水中的氯离子、盐类等会对钢筋混凝土产生电化学氧化腐蚀作用。
目前,为避免水对混凝土的腐蚀进而对其内部的钢筋结构造成腐蚀,一般采用在混凝土表面涂覆防腐材料、在混凝土中掺加防腐材料、在钢筋表面涂覆防腐层等操作方式,减缓对钢筋及混凝土的腐蚀。
中国专利201410275357.0公开的一种渗透结晶涂料及其在提高钢纤维混凝土防腐蚀性能中的应用,公开了一种由活性组分、反应助剂、反应促进剂、骨架材料和水泥制成的水泥基渗透结晶涂料。该涂料涂覆在混凝土表面后,通过化学转换反应在钢纤维混凝土内部孔隙和裂隙中生成不溶性的枝蔓状结晶体,堵塞内部孔隙,封闭毛细孔通道,从而希望混凝土能够防止各种化学侵蚀物质的侵入,达到防锈防腐的目的。但是这种防锈涂料的作用受制于涂料的渗透性能和混凝土的状态,而且需要大面积涂覆,效率较低。
中国专利201410131941.9公开的一种海工混凝土,其主要原料包括胶凝材料、细集料、粗集料、水和外加剂,胶凝材料包括水泥、矿粉、粉煤灰,主要原料的质量配比为:胶凝材料380-500份,其中:水泥175-225份、矿粉135-163.8份、粉煤灰79-100份,细集料730-773份,粗集料1050-1112份,水150份,外加剂14.22-19.5份。该发明将各组分的防腐防锈特性进行优化整合,有效提高了混凝土的防渗透性和耐久性。但对混凝土中钢筋表面的钝化保护效果较差,钢筋容易腐蚀生锈,增加了风险隐患。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于,提供一种防锈水泥基材,防腐性能强,耐久性好。
本发明还要解决的技术问题在于,提供一种防锈混凝土,防腐性能强,耐久性好。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种防锈水泥基材,包括凝胶材料和氢基材料,所述氢基材料含有氢气,或所述氢基材料产生氢气。
作为上述方案的改进,用于产生氢气的氢基材料为氢气发生粉,所述氢气发生粉包括:
二氢化镁,其质量分数为5%~20%;
氢氧化钠或碳酸氢钠,其质量分数为10%~20%;
二氧化硅,其质量分数为60%~80%。
作为上述方案的改进,所述二氢化镁的质量分数为8%~15%。
作为上述方案的改进,所述氢氧化钠的质量分数为10%~15%。
作为上述方案的改进,所述二氧化硅的质量分数为65%~75%。
作为上述方案的改进,1000g凝胶材料中加入2~6g的氢气发生粉。
作为上述方案的改进,1000g凝胶材料中加入2~4g的氢气发生粉。
作为上述方案的改进,含有氢气的氢基材料为富氢水,所述富氢水中的氢气的浓度为0.1~0.3ppm。
作为上述方案的改进,所述凝胶材料包括水泥。
相应地,本发明还提供了一种防锈混凝土,包括上述的防锈水泥基材。
实施本发明,具有如下有益效果:
本发明提供的防锈水泥基材,通过氢气来防止钢筋被腐蚀氧化,有效防止混凝土中的钢筋被腐蚀,从而提高混凝土钢筋的使用寿命。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将对本发明作进一步地详细描述。
本发明提供的一种防锈水泥基材,包括凝胶材料和氢基材料,所述氢基材料含有氢气,或所述氢基材料产生氢气。
所述凝胶材料包括水泥。优选的,所述水泥为硅水泥。
其中,用于产生氢气的氢基材料为氢气发生粉,优选的,所述氢气发生粉包括:
二氢化镁,其质量分数为5%~20%;
氢氧化钠或碳酸氢钠,其质量分数为10%~20%;
二氧化硅,其质量分数为60%~80%。
优选的,所述二氢化镁的质量分数为8%~15%。
优选的,所述氢氧化钠的质量分数为10%~15%。
优选的,所述二氧化硅的质量分数为65%~75%。
所述二氢化镁作为产氢剂,与水反应,产生氢氧化镁与氢气。
所述二氧化硅作为缓冲剂,不与水发生反应,是惰性物质,其分布于产氢剂周围,可以减少产氢剂与水接触的面积,保证反应不会过于剧烈。
所述氢氧化钠或碳酸氢钠可让水与二氢化镁在一定时间内充分进行反应。
其次,所述含有氢气的氢基材料为富氢水,优选的,所述富氢水中的氢气的浓度为0.1~0.3ppm。
当所述氢基材料为富氢水时,本发明的水泥基材在制作混凝土时,直接将富氢水加入到混凝土中使用即可。这时富氢水的用量按照混凝土制作所需的用水量来计算。一般的,富氢水的用量等于混凝土制作所需的用水量。
当所述氢基材料为氢气发生粉时,1000g凝胶材料中加入2~6g的氢气发生粉,两者混合均匀作为水泥基材使用。本发明的水泥基材按照常规的方法来制备混凝土。
本发明中,当氢基材料为氢气发生粉时,在使用水泥基材时需加水,氢气发生粉与水反应产生氢气,氢气的浓度可达数万ppm,由于氢气为强还原剂,具有抗氧化功能,有效防止钢筋被腐蚀氧化。此外,氢气会附着在钢筋的表面,防止各种化学物质的侵入,达到防锈防腐的目的。进一步地,混凝土固化后会形成大量的微小的孔隙,多余的氢气会储存在这些微小的孔隙中,堵塞混凝土内部孔隙,封闭毛细孔通道,进一步防止各种化学物质的侵入,达到防锈防腐的目的。
本发明中,当氢基材料为富氢水时,水中的氢气同样会附着在钢筋的表面以及填充到混凝土的孔隙中,达到同样的防锈防腐目的。
相应地,本发明还提供了一种防锈混凝土,包括上述的防锈水泥基材。
下面将以具体实施例来进一步产生本发明
实施例1
一种防锈水泥基材,包括1000g硅水泥和2g氢基材料,所述氢基材料为氢气发生粉,包括:
二氢化镁,其质量分数为5%;
氢氧化钠,其质量分数为20%;
二氧化硅,其质量分数为75%。
实施例2
一种防锈水泥基材,包括1000g硅水泥和3g氢基材料,所述氢基材料为氢气发生粉,包括:
二氢化镁,其质量分数为8%;
氢氧化钠,其质量分数为18%;
二氧化硅,其质量分数为74%。
实施例3
一种防锈水泥基材,包括1000g硅水泥和4g氢基材料,所述氢基材料为氢气发生粉,包括:
二氢化镁,其质量分数为15%;
碳酸氢钠,其质量分数为13%;
二氧化硅,其质量分数为72%。
实施例4
一种防锈水泥基材,包括1000g硅水泥和5g氢基材料,所述氢基材料为氢气发生粉,包括:
二氢化镁,其质量分数为17%;
氢氧化钠,其质量分数为12%;
二氧化硅,其质量分数为71%。
实施例5
一种防锈水泥基材,包括1000g硅水泥和6g氢基材料,所述氢基材料为氢气发生粉,包括:
二氢化镁,其质量分数为20%;
氢氧化钠,其质量分数为10%;
二氧化硅,其质量分数为70%。
实施例6
一种防锈水泥基材,包括硅水泥和氢基材料,所述氢基材料为富氢水,其中氢气浓度为0.1ppm。
实施例7
一种防锈水泥基材,包括硅水泥和氢基材料,所述氢基材料为富氢水,其中氢气浓度为0.2ppm。
实施例8
一种防锈水泥基材,包括硅水泥和氢基材料,所述氢基材料为富氢水,其中氢气浓度为0.3ppm。
对比例1
一种水泥基材,包括1000g硅水泥和0.5g氢基材料,所述氢基材料为氢气发生粉,包括:
二氢化镁,其质量分数为20%;
氢氧化钠,其质量分数为10%;
二氧化硅,其质量分数为70%。
对比例2
一种水泥基材,包括硅水泥和氢基材料,所述氢基材料为富氢水,其中氢气浓度为0.05ppm。
对比例3
一种水泥基材,包括硅水泥。
将实施例1-8和对比例1-3的水泥基材按相同的方案制作成混凝土,并在混凝土中放入钢筋,其中,混凝土将钢筋包裹住。
将实施例1-8和对比例1-3的混凝土在常温常压下放置1年后进行以下项目测试:
1、防锈试验
将混凝土中的钢筋取出来,观察钢筋锈蚀情况。
2、力学性能试验
抗压强度按《普通混凝土力学性能试验方法》(GB/T50081-2002)进行。
试验结果如下:
从上述结果可知,本发明在水泥基材中添加一定量的氢气发生粉或氢气来制备的混凝土,在不破坏混凝土强度的情况下,有效防止混凝土中的钢筋被腐蚀,从而提高混凝土钢筋的使用寿命。
以上所揭露的仅为本发明一种较佳实施例而已,当然不能以此来限定本发明之权利范围,因此依本发明权利要求所作的等同变化,仍属本发明所涵盖的范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种防锈水泥基材,其特征在于,包括凝胶材料和氢基材料,所述氢基材料含有氢气,或所述氢基材料产生氢气。
2.如权利要求1所述的防锈水泥基材,其特征在于,用于产生氢气的氢基材料为氢气发生粉,所述氢气发生粉包括:
二氢化镁,其质量分数为5%~20%;
氢氧化钠或碳酸氢钠,其质量分数为10%~20%;
二氧化硅,其质量分数为60%~80%。
3.如权利要求2所述的防锈水泥基材,其特征在于,所述二氢化镁的质量分数为8%~15%。
4.如权利要求2所述的防锈水泥基材,其特征在于,所述氢氧化钠的质量分数为10%~15%。
5.如权利要求2所述的防锈水泥基材,其特征在于,所述二氧化硅的质量分数为65%~75%。
6.如权利要求2所述的防锈水泥基材,其特征在于,1000g凝胶材料中加入2~6g的氢气发生粉。
7.如权利要求6所述的防锈水泥基材,其特征在于,1000g凝胶材料中加入2~4g的氢气发生粉。
8.如权利要求1所述的防锈水泥基材,其特征在于,含有氢气的氢基材料为富氢水,所述富氢水中的氢气的浓度为0.1~0.3ppm。
9.如权利要求1所述的防锈水泥基材,其特征在于,所述凝胶材料包括水泥。
10.一种防锈混凝土,其特征在于,包括权利要求1~9任一项所述的防锈水泥基材。
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| EP2465837A1 (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2012-06-20 | Obayashi Corporation | Seawater-mixed concrete, concrete structure constructed with the same, and design method of concrete structure constructed with seawater-mixed concrete |
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