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CN111981078B - 一种汽车液压悬置的隔振结构 - Google Patents

一种汽车液压悬置的隔振结构 Download PDF

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CN111981078B
CN111981078B CN202010771361.1A CN202010771361A CN111981078B CN 111981078 B CN111981078 B CN 111981078B CN 202010771361 A CN202010771361 A CN 202010771361A CN 111981078 B CN111981078 B CN 111981078B
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CN111981078A (zh
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杨庆功
晏恒
李岚
郭雷
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Asimco Nvh Technologies Co ltd Anhui
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
    • F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/08—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/10—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like
    • F16F13/105—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like characterised by features of partitions between two working chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
    • F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/08—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/10—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like
    • F16F13/105—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like characterised by features of partitions between two working chambers
    • F16F13/107—Passage design between working chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
    • F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/08—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/10—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like
    • F16F13/108—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like characterised by features of plastics springs, e.g. attachment arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2228/00—Functional characteristics, e.g. variability, frequency-dependence
    • F16F2228/04—Frequency effects
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2230/00—Purpose; Design features
    • F16F2230/0005—Attachment, e.g. to facilitate mounting onto confer adjustability

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combined Devices Of Dampers And Springs (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种汽车液压悬置的隔振结构，包括壳体，壳体内设有第一腔体，第一腔体内设有解耦膜盘模块、及套设于解耦膜盘模块上的流道，流道的外侧壁与腔体的内侧壁过盈配合；解耦膜盘模块包括外骨架、解耦膜盘、上限位结构、下限位结构、减振橡胶；下限位结构呈U形，且设于第二腔体内的底部，上骨架设于第二腔体内的顶部，解耦膜盘设于上限位结构与下限位结构之间；减振橡胶固定设于下限位结构与侧骨架之间；本发明通过对隔振结构以及具体组成结构的参数的设定可以有效的降低或消除解耦膜盘的拍击异响问题，同时还会给解耦膜盘的设计提供较大的自由设计空间，这样更加有利于液压悬置性能的实现。

Description

一种汽车液压悬置的隔振结构
技术领域
本发明属于汽车悬置技术领域，尤其是汽车液压悬置的隔振结构领域。
背景技术
液压悬置是当今汽车常用的悬置结构，它能够有效的改善车辆的乘坐舒适性；但液压悬置存在多种异响问题，严重影响车辆的NVH性能体验,其中解耦膜/盘拍击上下限位结构导致的异响是最主要的异响因素，如图1所示，一般解耦膜/盘拍击上下限位所产生的异响噪声频率范围多在200-600Hz，针对此问题，现有的改进措施：①调整解耦膜/盘形貌结构；②去除上下限位结构等；但是通过上述的改进方式很难改善这一问题，而且通常还会导致液压悬置性能变差，这种依靠牺牲液压悬置的关键性能来满足NVH性能，属于舍本逐末的行为。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，本发明通过以下技术方案来实现上述目的：
一种汽车液压悬置的隔振结构，包括壳体，所述壳体内设有第一腔体，所述第一腔体内设有解耦膜盘模块、及套设于解耦膜盘模块上的流道，所述流道的外侧壁与腔体的内侧壁过盈配合；所述解耦膜盘模块包括外骨架、解耦膜盘、上限位结构、下限位结构、减振橡胶；所述外骨架由侧骨架、上骨架和下骨架三部分组成，且由该三部分结构相互组合形成第二腔体，所述下限位结构设于第二腔体内的底部，所述上骨架设于第二腔体内的顶部，所述解耦膜盘设于上限位结构与下限位结构之间；所述减振橡胶固定设于下限位结构与侧骨架之间。
作为本发明的进一步优化方案，所述流道的内侧面与侧骨架的外侧面之间过盈配合。
作为本发明的进一步优化方案，所述上限位结构呈倒U形，其底面的中心处向下凸出设有销柱，所述解耦膜盘的中心处设有第一通孔，所述下限位结构呈U形，其中心处设有第二通孔；所述销柱依次穿过第一通孔和第二通孔。
作为本发明的进一步优化方案，上限位结构的外径小于下限位结构的外径，且上限位结构嵌设于下限位结构中
作为本发明的进一步优化方案，所述解耦膜盘模块的固有频率小于异响激励频率/1.414，所述异响激励频率为解耦膜盘拍击上限位结构、下限位结构的频率。
作为本发明的进一步优化方案，所述异响激励频率范围为200-600Hz时，所述解耦膜盘模块的固有频率为80Hz。
本发明的有益效果在于：
1)本发明通过对隔振结构以及具体组成结构的参数的设定可以有效的降低或消除解耦膜盘的拍击异响问题，同时还会给解耦膜盘的设计提供较大的自由设计空间，这样更加有利于液压悬置性能的实现。
附图说明
图1是本发明中悬置异响噪声频率范围的示意图；
图2是本发明中悬置隔振结构的整体示意图；
图3是本发明中去除解耦膜盘模块的壳体结构示意图；
图4是本发明中解耦膜盘模块的分解结构示意图；
图5是本发明中去除上骨架的解耦膜盘模块的立体示意图；
图6是本发明中击激振力的隔振性能比较示意图；
图中：1、壳体；11、第一腔体；2、解耦膜盘模块；21、外骨架；211、侧骨架；212、上骨架；213、下骨架；22、解耦膜盘；221、第一通孔；23、上限位结构；231、销柱；24、下限位结构；241、第二通孔；25、减振橡胶；3、流道；4、第二腔体。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本申请作进一步详细描述，有必要在此指出的是，以下具体实施方式只用于对本申请进行进一步的说明，不能理解为对本申请保护范围的限制，该领域的技术人员可以根据上述申请内容对本申请作出一些非本质的改进和调整。
如图2至图5所示一种汽车液压悬置的隔振结构，包括壳体1，该壳体作为整个液压悬置的结构基础，不仅用于承载其他各元件，同时该壳体也用于构成液压悬置的外部构件的压装；在该壳体1内设有液室，即第一腔体11，在第一腔体11内设有解耦膜盘模块2、流道3，该3流道套设于解耦膜盘模块2上；
其中，解耦膜盘模块2包括外骨架21、解耦膜盘22、上限位结构23、下限位结构24；外骨架21包括侧骨架211、上骨架212、下骨架213，且由侧骨架、上骨架和下骨架三部分相互组合形成第二腔体4，同时将解耦膜盘22、上限位结构23、下限位结构24三个结构设置于第二腔体中；下限位结构24呈U形，且设于第二腔体4内的底部；并且上限位结构23的外径小于下限位结构24的外径，并将上限位结构23嵌设于下限位结构24中，在上限位结构和下限位结构之间设有解耦膜盘22；
上限位结构的底面中心处向下凸出设有销柱231，解耦膜盘22的中心处设有第一通孔221，下限位结构24的中心处设有第二通孔241；所述销柱231依次穿过第一通孔221和第二通孔241；
流道3的内侧面与侧骨架211的外侧面之间过盈配合，所述流道3的外侧壁与第一腔体11的内侧壁过盈配合；
此外，在侧骨架211的内侧面与下限位结构24的侧壁之间还设有减振橡胶25；需要说明的是该减震橡胶并不不限于附图中显示的结构形式，可以根据具体性能的要求进行调整。
原理：
如图1所示的，在常规液压悬置设计方案下，解耦膜/盘拍击上下限位时，激振力将会以1:1的方式传递至流道和流道盖板上，并再经过液压悬置的支架部分传递至车身，激振力在整个传递过程中无明显的衰减环节，因此极易产生异响问题；
为了很好的降低或消除解耦膜盘的拍击异响问题，本技术方案根据机械体的固有频率，刚度，质量之间的关系入手，通过改进上述隔振的结构，使得结构的固有频率低于此激励频率(200-600Hz)一定范围，如固有频率＜激励频率/1.414，则可以对此异响激励频率形成有效的隔振；需要说明的是这里指的异响激励频率为解耦膜盘22拍击上限位结构23、下限位结构24的频率；
在上述的隔振结构中，需要将解耦膜盘模块2的结构视为一个单一质量弹簧系统，具有自身特定的固有频率；根据机械体的固有频率，刚度，质量之间的关系可知，可以通过调整减振橡胶的刚度，或调整解耦膜盘22、上限位结构23、下限位结构24的质量，从而影响调整此解耦膜/盘模块的固有频率，这样可使解耦膜盘拍击上下限位的频率与此固有频率形成有效的隔振关系；即满足解耦膜盘模块2的固有频率小于异响激励频率/1.414；
进一步的，当异响激励频率范围为200-600Hz时，可以将解耦膜盘模块2的固有频率为80Hz；当然也可以设置成其他的数值，符合上述的条件即可，这样就会对解耦膜/盘拍击上下限位的激振力形成良好的隔振效果；具体分析如附图6所示：
这里需要说明的是，在附图6中的直线代表的是传统技术方案，曲线代表的是本专利的技术方案；且将解耦膜盘模块固有频率设置成80Hz；
以异响频率200Hz为例，传统的设计方案的力传递率为1，而本案的技术方案的力传递率为0.2111；同时以异响频率600Hz为例，传统的设计方案的力传递率为1，而本案的技术方案的力传递率为0.0326；因此通过附图4的数据可以很清楚的看到本案的技术方案中对隔振结构以及具体组成结构的参数的设定可以有效的降低或消除解耦膜盘的拍击异响问题，同时还会给解耦膜盘的设计提供较大的自由设计空间，这样更加有利于液压悬置性能的实现。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (2)

1.一种汽车液压悬置的隔振结构，其特征在于：包括壳体(1)，所述壳体(1)内设有第一腔体(11)，所述第一腔体(11)内设有解耦膜盘模块(2)以及套设于解耦膜盘模块(2)上的流道(3)，所述流道(3)的外侧壁与第一腔体(11)的内侧壁过盈配合；所述解耦膜盘模块(2)包括外骨架(21)、解耦膜盘(22)、上限位结构(23)、下限位结构(24)、减振橡胶(25)；所述外骨架(21)由侧骨架(211)、上骨架(212)和下骨架(213)三部分组成，且由该三部分结构相互组合形成第二腔体(4)，所述下限位结构(24)设于第二腔体(4)内的底部，所述上限位结构(23)设于第二腔体(4)内的顶部，所述解耦膜盘(22)设于上限位结构(23)与下限位结构(24)之间；所述减振橡胶(25)固定设于下限位结构(24)与侧骨架(211)之间；
所述流道(3)的内侧面与侧骨架(211)的外侧面之间过盈配合；
所述上限位结构(23)呈倒U形，其底面的中心处向下凸出设有销柱(231)，所述解耦膜盘(22)的中心处设有第一通孔(221)，所述下限位结构(24)呈U形，其中心处设有第二通孔(241)；所述销柱(231)依次穿过第一通孔(221)和第二通孔(241)；所述解耦膜盘(22)的外沿分别向上、向下凸起形成凸起部；
所述上限位结构(23)的外径小于下限位结构(24)的外径，且上限位结构(23)嵌设于下限位结构(24)中；
所述解耦膜盘模块(2)的固有频率小于异响激励频率/1.414，所述异响激励频率为解耦膜盘(22)拍击上限位结构(23)、下限位结构(24)的频率。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车液压悬置的隔振结构，其特征在于：所述异响激励频率范围为200-600Hz时，所述解耦膜盘模块(2)的固有频率为80Hz。
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