CN111945928A - Energy-saving heat-insulating wall and roof - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an energy-saving thermal insulation wall and roof, in view of the poor fire prevention of the current external thermal insulation wall and many thermal bridges in the wall and roof, which are obstacles to the construction of buildings with near zero energy consumption. One: Install the organic thermal insulation layer on the base wall, and then install the non-combustible thermal insulation material on the organic thermal insulation layer. The thickness of the non-combustible thermal insulation material is determined according to the fire protection requirements. Two: There is a protective layer of cement mortar plastering or concrete outside the EPS board. Three: Prefabricate sandwich insulation boards with EPS boards as edge formwork strips. Four: The inner and outer leaves are prefabricated sandwich panels of autoclaved aerated concrete panels. Five: The sandwich concrete wall is bonded and composited with BFRP cloth, EPS board and autoclaved aerated concrete board. Six: The external thermal insulation and energy-saving wall is bonded with BFRP cloth, embedded steel plate, EPS board and concrete. Seven: Bond and connect the EPS board of the exterior wall as a whole for shock absorption, and paste the BFRP cloth. The energy-saving thermal insulation wall and roof of the invention has good fire resistance and eliminates thermal bridges, which is helpful for promoting the industrialization of construction and the construction of buildings with near zero energy consumption.

Description

An energy-saving thermal insulation wall and roof

technical field

The invention relates to an energy-saving thermal insulation wall and roof for buildings, including an energy-saving thermal insulation wall and a roof installed with external wall thermal insulation or roof external thermal insulation, including prefabricated concrete sandwich panels for prefabricated installation, prefabricated autoclaved aeration Concrete sandwich panels, prefabricated concrete external thermal insulation panels and various types of walls formed by their installation, including adhesives for pasting various materials, and pre-embedded steel plates for anti-corrosion.

Background technique

The current building envelope technology does not meet the requirements of the low-carbon society in the high-tech era, such as poor durability and poor fire prevention: fire accidents involving thin plastered thermal insulation walls have occurred in China and other countries in the world, which has a serious impact on people's lives. Threat to property. The standard conditions for the test are to be carried out indoors, or in a breeze with a wind force not greater than Grade 3. When the wind is strong, especially the higher the building, the stronger the wind, once the fire is caught, it is difficult to prevent the fire from spreading. There are many areas with high wind power in the world and my country. With the increase of population, high-rise buildings account for the vast majority of buildings. The wind force increases with the increase of building height, and a large number of thin plastered thermal insulation walls are unsafe for fire prevention. Our country and the world have severe energy and environmental situation. Other energy-saving walls have much more heat loss channels than thin plastering, and the energy-saving insulation effect is not good. We have no choice but to use a large number of thin plastering insulation walls. Cost and property damage!

Moreover, the quality of thin plaster often cracks and enters the water, and the maintenance of the exterior wall of high-rise buildings will be a serious problem in the future.

There are many thermal bridges on exterior walls, roofs, windows, and thermal bridges, which are channels for heat loss. And the thermal insulation material with the lowest thermal conductivity cannot eliminate the thermal bridge. Because of the thermal bridge, the thermal insulation layer is too thick, the outer wall occupies a lot of land, and the land is wasted. The heat transfer of the wall often exceeds the energy consumption limit specified in the "Near-Zero Energy Building Technical Standard" GB/T51350. The attached frame of the window is a large thermal bridge. When installing attachments on the outer wall, such as installing sunshade shutters and anti-theft fences, connecting iron parts through the thermal insulation layer forms a thermal bridge, which makes it difficult to promote a near-zero energy consumption building, especially the profiled steel keel for curtain wall decoration. The thermal bridge is too serious! It is very difficult for public buildings to build 65% energy-saving buildings, which is a big problem in building energy-saving. There is no bonding between the materials of the roof, the waterproof durability of the roof is not good, and the roof leaks do not know where the leak is. The whole roof rework is a great waste, and the roof structures such as parapets and pillars must pass through the insulation layer. Become a big thermal bridge, affecting the construction of low-energy buildings. In addition, due to the construction of near-zero energy buildings, the heat consumption is measured by households, and the insulation of households is restricted, resulting in too thick floor insulation layers, greatly increasing the height of the building, increasing the cost, reducing the number of building layers, and wasting land. The inner leaf and outer leaf concrete of the current prefabricated sandwich concrete shear wall and the frame structure of the sandwich wall panel are connected with the intermediate insulation layer by fiber-reinforced tensioning parts. Although the tensioning parts have high strength, their diameter The thickness of the intermediate insulation layer should not be greater than 100mm. If it is too thick, the concrete subsidence of the outer leaves exceeds the allowable value, but the thickness of the insulation layer in the construction of low-energy buildings is not enough.

At present, the prefabricated prefabricated wall panels of prefabricated buildings are promoted to use steel or aluminum plate edge formwork strips. The cost is too high. The use of screws to connect to the platform also destroys the steel platform, increases the cost of prefabricated components, and affects the promotion of building industrialization.

The above situations are all technical obstacles to the construction of nearly zero-energy buildings and zero-energy buildings with 90% energy saving, and are also the root causes of some common building quality problems that are difficult to solve. Although some local governments in Europe and China have played a positive role in encouraging the construction of 90% energy-saving passive energy-saving houses with high funds, it is impossible to comprehensively promote the construction of 90% energy-saving buildings without overcoming the key technologies of energy-saving and thermal insulation of the barrier envelope. For zero-energy buildings, encouraging the construction of passive energy-saving houses with a large amount of funds cannot solve the fundamental problem and increase the financial burden of the government.

The seismic shock absorption of buildings in earthquake areas and the wind resistance and lateral movement resistance of high-rise buildings are important issues for buildings. At present, increasing the column section, increasing the reinforcement, or adopting the shear wall structure with rigidity, using the plastic deformation of the main structure to consume the seismic energy, the degree of structural damage is difficult to control, and the damage in the earthquake is the load-bearing components and even the houses. The collapsed house, the plastic deformation of the main structure is difficult to repair, the shear wall structure occupies a large area, and the consumption of steel and cement is high. Experts from the United States, Japan and other countries and my country have proposed seismic isolation, energy dissipation and shock absorption and other various structural control technologies, which have obvious technical effects, but high construction costs and high maintenance costs. They are mainly used in important buildings and special buildings. Concrete shear walls consume a lot of sand and gravel and are heavy.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of energy-saving thermal insulation wall and roof, including the layered structure of energy-saving thermal insulation wall and roof, construction method, and production and installation of prefabricated concrete sandwich panels for prefabricated wall and roof, prefabricated concrete external thermal insulation The prefabrication method and installation method of panels, prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich panels or semi-finished thermal insulation panels, also include adhesives and pre-embedded steel plates used in the prefabrication and installation of energy-saving thermal insulation walls and roofing works, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. problems, so that the building envelope technology can meet the requirements of a low-carbon society in the high-tech era.

One of an energy-saving thermal insulation wall and roof is to install an organic thermal insulation layer on the base wall, and then install a non-combustible thermal insulation material on the organic thermal insulation layer to form an external thermal insulation wall with the organic thermal insulation layer and the non-combustible thermal insulation material installed.

An energy-saving thermal insulation wall and the second part of the roof is the energy-saving thermal insulation of applying adhesive on the EPS board installed on the outer wall to perform cement mortar plastering, or applying the adhesive on the thermal insulation layer of the concrete roof slab. Roof; there are no gaps between the EPS board and the base wall, between the EPS boards, and between the EPS board and the cement mortar plastering, so as to avoid the chimney effect in the event of fire; brush the adhesive on the side of the roof EPS board. The sides are pasted and connected as a whole, and the waterproof sealing material is painted between the upper gaps of the roof EPS board to make the EPS board a waterproof layer. The embedded steel plate is installed on the roof concrete protective layer and anchored to the concrete, and the roof structure heat insulation broken bridge is installed on the embedded steel plate; and the tensile bearing capacity of the welded steel mesh between the embedded steel plate and the roof concrete protective layer is not less than the upward suction force received by the cast-in-place concrete protective layer of the roof, nor is it less than the wind thrust on the roof structure.

The third type of an energy-saving thermal insulation wall and roof is a prefabrication method for producing and processing prefabricated concrete sandwich panels or prefabricated concrete external thermal insulation panels by using low-strength and cheap materials as edge formwork strips; the prefabricated concrete sandwich panels include inner leaf concrete, Insulation layer, outer leaf concrete or roof concrete protection layer, precast concrete outer insulation board includes inner leaf concrete, insulation layer, outer protection layer, the thickness of outer protection layer meets the requirements of fire non-spread; production and processing of precast concrete sandwich panels or production and processing of prefabricated Concrete external insulation board is a prefabricated edge formwork strip made of low-strength and cheap materials, rather than the edge formwork strip of steel plate or aluminum plate; the inner leaf concrete, organic insulation layer and outer leaf concrete or roofing concrete protective layer or external protection are made of adhesive. The layers are bonded together.

The fourth is an energy-saving thermal insulation wall and roof, which is a prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich panel whose inner and outer leaf concrete is an autoclaved aerated concrete panel. Separate heating partition walls, or install prefabricated sandwich roof panels; the prefabricated concrete sandwich panels include inner leaf concrete, thermal insulation layer, outer leaf concrete of outer wall or outer leaf concrete of roof, and each layer is bonded layer by layer.

The fifth is an energy-saving thermal insulation wall and roof, which is a semi-finished thermal insulation board of autoclaved aerated concrete. The semi-finished insulation board of autoclaved aerated concrete is formed on the outer leaf concrete of the aerated concrete slab; the semi-finished insulation board of autoclaved aerated concrete is used as the outer formwork of the cast-in-situ concrete of the inner leaf at the construction site, and the semi-fabricated sandwich concrete wall is installed ; Or the semi-finished insulation board of autoclaved aerated concrete is pre-bonded and compounded with the cast-in-place inner leaf concrete to form a precast concrete sandwich wall panel, and then the precast concrete sandwich wall panel is installed as a fully assembled sandwich concrete wall.

The sixth is an energy-saving thermal insulation wall and roof, which is a semi-finished prefabricated thermal insulation board. The BFRP cloth is pasted on the EPS board to form a semi-finished prefabricated thermal insulation board that is bonded and connected by BFRP cloth. The semi-finished prefabricated thermal insulation board is constructed during construction. On-site installation on the base wall for external thermal insulation, or use semi-finished prefabricated thermal insulation boards as the formwork for cast-in-place concrete to install semi-fabricated concrete external thermal insulation and energy-saving walls at the construction site, or install semi-finished prefabricated thermal insulation boards on prefabricated platforms. It is bonded and compounded with pouring concrete to form a prefabricated concrete thermal insulation wall panel, and the prefabricated concrete thermal insulation wall panel is installed as a prefabricated concrete external thermal insulation energy-saving wall, and there is a non-combustible protective layer on the outside of the BFRP cloth.

An energy-saving thermal insulation wall and roof No. 7, the non-combustible thermal insulation material is installed on the base wall, and the BFRP cloth is pasted on the surface of the non-combustible thermal insulation material, and also pasted on the side of the door and window, pasted with the non-combustible thermal insulation material, and pasted with the inner base wall. Adhesion, or also use plastic anchor bolts to pass through BFRP cloth and non-combustible thermal insulation material to be fixed to the base wall; The shear force acts on the BFRP cloth, and the tensile bearing capacity required by the BFRP cloth.

An energy-saving thermal insulation wall and roof No. 8, the EPS board is installed on the base wall, and there is no gap through the top and bottom between the EPS board and the base wall and between adjacent EPS boards, so as to avoid fire caused by chimney effect in case of fire Spread; then paste the BFRP cloth on the EPS board, and install the BFRP cloth on the insulation layer on the side of the door and window, and install it on the indoor base wall; then install the non-combustible material on the BFRP cloth, or/and install the curtain wall decorative board to prevent fire , or also install a non-combustible thermal insulation layer in the decorative panel of the curtain wall.

Technical effect of the present invention:

1. The reason for the total fire of the external wall organic thermal insulation material is due to thin plastering. The invention proposes a variety of energy-saving thermal insulation wall structures, which can completely eliminate the hidden danger of unsafe fire prevention of the energy-saving thermal insulation wall, which is of great significance. Why is the thin plastering thermal insulation wall not good for fire prevention, but the technical standards for the thin plastering thermal insulation wall are still implemented in the technical standards? Because it is considered that the EPS board has low strength and cannot bear the weight of the plastering layer, the weight of the outer leaf concrete, and the weight of the external wall attachments. The tensile strength of the EPS board is not less than 0.1MPa, which is 1kg/cm ² , but the elastic modulus of the EPS board is small and flexible, and the force must be uniform, and local stress concentration cannot occur. As long as the quality of the adhesive is qualified, concrete or cement mortar can be firmly bonded to the EPS board, with good durability, low cost, and safe and reliable installation of external wall attachments. The test proves that the use of epoxy resin adhesive to bond the embedded steel plate and the EPS board is simple and reliable, which can ensure the safety of the installation of external wall attachments and facilitate the construction.

2. In the ninth embodiment, the adjacent EPS boards are pasted and connected to each other, and the tensile strength of the EPS boards is exerted. For the wall, especially for the masonry structure, for the non-load-bearing external wall, for the wooden wall, the earthquake, tornado, hurricane Safety when it happens will play an important role.

3. The present invention has the following functions in pasting the BFRP cloth on the outer wall and the side of the window:

1) The thermal conductivity of BFRP cloth is 0.035-0.04w/m·k. Installing BFRP cloth 3 around the door and window will not increase heat transfer. Installing BFRP cloth is necessary to eliminate the thermal bridge of doors, windows and external walls to build a near-zero energy building. one of the conditions. Without installing BFRP cloth, the window cannot be moved from the base wall to about 20-50mm near the outer corner of the window for installation (so that the thermal resistance of the outdoor cold spot from the wall around the window is not less than the thermal resistance of the main wall, and the thermal bridge around the window is "0"), the thermal bridge around the interior wall of the window cannot be eliminated. 2) BFRP cloth has extremely high tensile strength, which is ten to ten times that of steel. For example, some manufacturers provide ordinary BFRP cloth with an areal density of 350g/ ^m2 . The standard value of the minimum tensile strength is 7.2t/m, considering the safety factor of 2, the design value of the tensile strength is 3.6t/m. The horizontal fiber of the BFRP cloth pasted on the side of the door and window is the horizontal tensile steel bar of the door and window, which can ensure that the L-shaped embedded steel plate and the windows, sunshade shutters, and anti-theft fences anchored to the steel plate are installed on the insulation layer of the outer corner of the door and window. Safety. If the thermal bridge around the window is not eliminated, and the thermal bridge installed on the window and all attachments on the outer wall is not eliminated, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the thermal insulation layer to make up for the energy lost by the thermal bridge, which increases the cost and wastes land. On the contrary, eliminating the thermal bridge can reduce the thickness of the thermal insulation layer. Reduce cost and save land. 3) Paste BFRP cloth on the outer wall, which will undoubtedly greatly increase the safety of installing the attachments on the outer wall. 4) Paste non-combustible thermal insulation material outside the EPS board, because the non-combustible thermal insulation material has unstable stress performance and may have poor resistance to freezing and thawing. Paste BFRP cloth on the non-combustible thermal insulation material is the protective layer of the non-combustible thermal insulation material, and the adhesive is waterproof. materials, increase the service life of non-combustible insulation materials. 5) Install vertical filament rock wool boards around the door and window for fire prevention. BFRP cloth should be used to block and protect the rock wool, and thermal insulation mortar can be applied to the BFRP cloth on the side of the window. 6) The horizontal fiber of the BFRP cloth pasted on the side of the door and window is the shear-resistant steel hoop of the window, which helps to avoid the tearing (shearing) damage of the non-load-bearing wall to the wall at the corner of the window under the action of wind. The BFRP cloth installed on the outer wall is a steel hoop along the perimeter of the building. No matter the outer wall swings during an earthquake or strong wind (the swing of high-rise buildings is especially prominent), the BFRP cloth increases the safety of the outer wall and increases the ability of the outer wall to resist earthquake and wind disasters. Increase the ability of wooden exterior walls to resist wind disasters. For example, in areas where tornadoes, hurricanes, and typhoons often occur, as long as the pillars and foundations of the main structure are firmly anchored, the exterior walls are difficult to destroy, and the common quality problem of exterior wall cracking and water entry is completely solved. 7) Because of the BFRP cloth, the autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich outer wall panels and the autoclaved aerated concrete semi-finished insulation panels can be prefabricated with the BFRP cloth, so that the autoclaved aerated concrete panels can meet the requirements of the building envelope of the near-zero energy consumption. energy-saving insulation requirements. 8) BFRP cloth is green fiber, with low price, low installation cost and great effect. BFRP cloth is matched with other materials that meet the durability of not less than 50 years. The durability of energy-saving thermal insulation walls can be not less than 50 years, and thin plaster The durability of the thermal insulation wall is only 25 years.

4. The present invention not only solves the problems of fire safety and poor durability of the energy-saving thermal insulation wall, but also eliminates the large holes (thermal bridges) that cause heat loss in the outer walls and roofs, reduces the thickness of the thermal insulation layer, saves land, and saves energy for construction. 90% of near-zero energy buildings are significant. In the horizontal cross-sectional views of the windows in the accompanying drawings, it is shown that there is foam material in the window profile. Now this door and window profile is already available, and then the installation of the fixed sash window frame profile is cancelled, and the fixed sash window frame thermal bridge is eliminated. The present invention is installed and embedded The steel plate eliminates the installation of thermal bridges on the external wall attachments, which can reduce the thickness of the thermal insulation layer by 70% compared with the built passive house, increase the indoor usable area, and reduce the cost of the external wall thermal insulation project by 250-300 yuan / m ² , plus the cost of building floor height without increasing floor separation heating, the building cost can be reduced by about 500 yuan/m ² or more than the built passive energy-saving house, and land is saved because the building floor height is not increased , the total land saving is 6-10%, and the construction cost is only 80-150 yuan/m ² higher than that of the house with 65% energy saving. The present invention fundamentally improves the quality of the building envelope, reduces the construction cost from the perspective of sustainable development, and thus more easily promotes the popularization of the construction of near-zero energy consumption buildings.

5. Now all kinds of non-load-bearing walls of frame structures do not use finite element software to analyze the internal force, so they cannot be designed according to the limit state of bearing capacity, which is the root cause of the failure of non-load-bearing walls during earthquakes and strong winds. This situation is not suitable for high The requirements of low-carbon society in the age of science and technology for buildings. The internal force of a non-load-bearing wall of a project is analyzed by finite element software. Under the action of earthquake and wind loads, the bending moment of the side wall between the windows is 5 to 6 times that of the wall without openings, and the shear force at the corner of the wall between the windows is the same as that of the wall without openings. The wall shear force is more than 10 times or even more than 30 times. When designing non-load-bearing wall panels of prefabricated frame structures, finite element software should be used to analyze the internal force, and the shear force and bending moment at different positions of the outer wall can be obtained. The external wall panels of lightweight aggregate concrete or autoclaved aerated concrete are light in weight, and the seismic action is proportional to the weight. Even the load combination for rare earthquakes is far less than the wind load combination value, and the wind load combination value is generally much smaller than the floor load. Combined value, it can ensure the safety of the outer wall during earthquake or strong wind. Because there is currently no wall structure of the present invention, which cannot solve the safety problem of non-load-bearing walls, it has not been stipulated for many years to use finite element software to analyze the internal force of non-load-bearing walls, allowing non-load-bearing walls to be damaged during strong winds and earthquakes. In the non-load-bearing exterior wall design of the present invention, finite element software should be used to analyze the internal force, and then reinforcement should be added according to mechanics and concrete structure theory, and basalt fiber cloth should be installed on the side of the door and window, and the building information model (BIM) technology should be promoted. It will not be repeated in the embodiment.

6. The reason why the present invention proposes a variety of energy-saving thermal insulation walls and roofs is to compare energy-saving thermal insulation walls and roofs of different technologies for engineering selection. The present invention recommends:

1) It is recommended that the new construction be designed as a frame structure or a frame-core tube structure, and the light aggregate concrete prefabricated sandwich wall of the third embodiment is installed on the outer wall, or the autoclaved aerated concrete prefabricated sandwich wall of the fourth embodiment is installed. body. For existing buildings with frame structure, the original masonry walls can be removed, and prefabricated sandwich walls can also be installed. because:

①The best fire prevention (lightweight aggregate concrete or aerated concrete has a large thermal resistance, it is difficult for the flame to destroy the lightweight aggregate or the aerated concrete when a fire occurs, and the internal EPS board is protected from thermal shrinkage, and the loss is small), light weight, easy to use Less steel, saving steel and cement, high flexural height, high flexural rigidity, thin wall thickness, saving land, large indoor usable area, simple structure and simple installation, which are beneficial to reducing earthquake action and reducing earthquake damage. Less emissions, less maintenance in long-term use.

②For non-load-bearing concrete sandwich walls or concrete sandwich roof panels, light aggregate concrete is used as the inner and outer leaf concrete, and light aggregate is used as the outer leaf concrete aggregate for precast concrete sandwich shear wall panels. It is more suitable to use ceramsite. At present, there are many kinds of ceramsite raw materials. In addition to shale and clay, domestic waste, sludge, river bottom mud, and fly ash can also be used as raw materials to produce ceramsite, which consumes solid waste, reduces environmental pollution, and reduces consumption of natural resources. Sand and gravel, in line with the development direction of green building materials. At present, ceramsite is used for processing blocks and as aggregate for ground concrete cushion, and its utilization is limited. If the inner and outer leaf concrete is of low grade such as LC15 or LC10, although the strength is low, "unity is strength". According to the theory of material mechanics, the flexural member bonded with the middle EPS board layer by layer, the thickness of the LC15 concrete sandwich wall When the thickness is 250mm (the EPS board thickness is 100mm), its flexural rigidity is about 2 times or more than that of the ordinary concrete floor, and the flexural height is also increased by about 1 time, but the combined value of the load is far only the floor load (1/4～ 1/2), the low-grade inner and outer leaf concrete can meet the design requirements of bending compressive bearing capacity, and is conducive to reducing bending deformation.

2) It is recommended to adopt the structure of Embodiment 1 for the external wall thermal insulation project, which can meet the requirements of different fire protection grades when the thickness of the non-combustible thermal insulation material is different, the installation is simple, the cost is low, and it can meet any decoration. Non-combustible thermal insulation materials can be installed in time during the installation of EPS boards, so that the chance of fire occurrence of EPS boards during construction is almost zero, which not only ensures fire safety in long-term use, but also increases the fire safety of EPS boards installed on exterior walls during construction.

The second embodiment is suitable for areas where it is inconvenient to purchase non-combustible thermal insulation materials. For example, it is inconvenient to purchase vertical fiber rock wool boards. The cement mortar plastering layer is bonded to the EPS board, and the BFRP cloth is installed outside. , but the external cement mortar protective layer is wrapped by BFRP cloth and cannot fall off, and the EPS board is difficult to contact with open fire and it is difficult for fire to spread. Post-disaster maintenance can drill through the cement mortar protective layer, inject polyurethane foam for thermal insulation, and the polyurethane foam can be bonded to the EPS board and the cement mortar layer, and the maintenance is simple.

3) It is recommended to use the prefabricated concrete sandwich roof panel of the third embodiment or the prefabricated autoclaved concrete sandwich roof panel of the fourth embodiment for the roof of the new project. The prefabricated roof that integrates load-bearing, thermal insulation and waterproofing has good durability and promotes the construction industry. During the transformation process, the roof of the existing building adopts the structure and installation of the second embodiment, which has good waterproof and good durability.

4) The total thickness of the inner and outer leaves of the prefabricated concrete shear wall sandwich wall is about 0.3m on average. The shear wall concrete has high strength requirements, and the consumption of steel, cement and sand is too much, which is not conducive to exerting the mechanical performance of the EPS board, which is a waste. , the cost is high, the carbon emission during the construction stage is high, the building weight is too heavy, the outer wall is thick and occupies a lot of land, and the damage of the shear wall during the earthquake is basically irreparable; and the specification stipulates that the prefabricated shear wall is better than the cast-in-place installation. The shear wall allows the construction height to be reduced by about 10m, that is, about 3 floors, which is a waste of land, so the present invention does not recommend design selection.

While the frame structure is installed with the non-load-bearing lightweight aggregate concrete sandwich wall of the present invention, the total thickness of the inner and outer leaf concrete is about 0.1m-0.12m. Considering the section of the concrete column, it is about 02m in total concrete thickness, which is the same as the sandwich concrete shear wall. Compared with the reduction of the amount of concrete by about 30%, the non-load-bearing light-aggregate concrete sandwich wall can use ceramsite as the aggregate, which greatly reduces the amount of sand and gravel mining, which is conducive to the protection of natural resources.

A note on issues related to implementation:

1) There is the term "tensile strength" in the embodiment, the tensile strength is the tensile bearing capacity of BFRP cloth with a certain width such as 25mm, 50mm or 100mm, or the tensile strength of a certain length of BFRP cloth bonded to each other with a certain width. The bearing capacity, or the tensile bearing capacity of a certain width of BFRP cloth and concrete for a certain length, is not the tensile bearing capacity of the BFRP cloth per unit area. The tensile bearing capacity per unit area is called the tensile strength.

2) The adhesives in the various embodiments of the present invention include various adhesives with a bonding effect, such as water-soluble emulsion adhesives, interface agents added to powder and other materials after dilution, cement polymer mortar, waterproof sealing materials, caulking agents, etc. It's all adhesive. In the embodiment, all the adhesives required for bonding are described in the "Instructions for the use of the adhesive of the present invention", and are not described in detail in the embodiment.

3) When welding the steel bars of the inner and outer leaf concrete at the joints of prefabricated sandwich wall panels or prefabricated sandwich roof panels, various fireproof cloths can be temporarily pasted on the organic thermal insulation layer to ensure construction fire safety, which will not be described in the embodiment. .

The difference between the present invention and the disclosed technology lies in:

1. There have never been various energy-saving thermal insulation exterior wall fireproof structures of the present invention, nor is it obvious.

2. There has never been a wall structure in which Embodiment 9 plays an important role in building earthquake resistance and wind resistance. Europe has been pasting EPS boards with thin plastering for 50 years since the 1970s. The tensile strength of EPS boards has not been used in projects. In construction, only steel bars and cement are considered when stress is involved, and no one has thought about the tensile strength of EPS boards. The strength is available, but I did not think of the important role of installing green BFRP cloth on building earthquake resistance and wind resistance. Embodiment 9 is not obvious.

3. There have never been the construction and installation methods and prefabrication methods of various energy-saving thermal insulation walls and roofs of the present invention.

4. It has never been proposed to use epoxy resin adhesive to paste the embedded steel plate on the EPS board or other insulation boards, nor has it been proposed to use epoxy resin adhesive (clean sand can be added) to attach the EPS board or other insulation board to the base layer. paste.

Only by sticking with epoxy resin adhesive can the reliability of the embedded steel plate on the EPS board be ensured, which solves the problem of building a near-zero energy building with heat loss from the thermal bridge of the connector. The epoxy resin adhesive (which can be added with clean sand) proposed by the present invention is used to stick the EPS board or other thermal insulation board to the base layer, which can completely solve the problem of the external thermal insulation wall thermal insulation board falling off in an endless stream. The article "How to build an 18-story high-rise residential building into a passive house?" reported on March 26, 2020 said that each layer of the exterior wall sticky styrene board is equipped with structural brackets to support the insulation board, but the brackets cannot solve the negative wind pressure of strong winds The suction of the wind pulls the insulation board down, and the only way to solve the problem is to firmly stick the insulation board to the base wall.

It is a new idea to use epoxy resin adhesive or other non-water-soluble adhesive to paste the embedded steel plate and paste the thermal insulation board to the base layer. The limitation, which has long been difficult to solve the problem of bonding reliability, can be solved. Moreover, the anti-corrosion of steel parts is now carried out before use. It has never been proposed to add other materials to the epoxy resin adhesive for pasting and installing the embedded steel plate, so that the epoxy resin adhesive becomes an anti-corrosion epoxy resin adhesive. It can reduce the difficulty of anti-corrosion processing of steel parts, and the construction is convenient and the anti-corrosion effect is good.

There are too many common quality problems in wall energy conservation and thermal insulation projects: cracking, poor durability, poor fire prevention, and poor roof waterproofing. Too many people in my country have been working hard on non-combustible thermal insulation materials for many years. Facts have proved that inorganic thermal insulation materials can only replace organic thermal insulation materials in a limited range in wall technology, and it is difficult to build near-zero energy buildings with inorganic thermal insulation materials. Because any material has its advantages and disadvantages, wall technology is a technical system, not a certain profession or a certain material can solve all problems. Background Art The problems mentioned above are related to the fire safety of energy-saving thermal insulation walls, the structural safety of energy-saving thermal insulation walls, the elimination of thermal bridges and the construction of near-zero energy consumption buildings, the earthquake resistance and wind resistance of buildings, and the common problems of building quality. Through the support of interdisciplinary (building structure, building energy saving, building physics, building thermal engineering, building construction, building waterproofing, etc.) and cross-domain (chemical industry) knowledge, rational use of various materials (such as adhesives, non-metallic powder, etc.) , to play the advantages of different materials to avoid their shortcomings, and optimize the structure of the building envelope, in order to solve the many problems existing in the current building envelope. The present invention is the result of long-term cross-professional and cross-field study and research conducted by the patent applicant. The present invention is a principle invention, and the present invention has never existed and is not obvious.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the horizontal sectional view of the window of the external thermal insulation and energy-saving thermal insulation wall body according to the first embodiment, which shows that the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 is pasted and installed on the EPS board installed on the construction site during the external thermal insulation of the external wall. The energy-saving thermal insulation wall with the highest fire protection requirements; Figure 1 shows that the installed external wall attachment 8 is a curtain wall decorative board.

2 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the window of the external thermal insulation energy-saving thermal insulation wall according to the first embodiment, which shows that the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 is pasted and installed on the EPS board installed on the construction site during the external thermal insulation of the external wall. For the energy-saving thermal insulation wall with intermediate fire protection requirements, BFRP cloth is pasted on the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9, and the BFRP cloth can be arbitrarily decorated.

3 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the window of the energy-saving thermal insulation wall according to the second embodiment, showing that the EPS board installed on the construction site has a cement mortar plastering layer 8-1 during the external thermal insulation of the external wall, forming an energy-saving thermal insulation wall that meets the requirements of intermediate fire protection .

Fig. 4 is the vertical sectional view of the energy-saving thermal insulation roof of the second embodiment, showing that the EPS board installed on the concrete roof panel of the construction site has a roof concrete protective layer 8-2, and there is a pre-embedded steel plate 4 on the roof concrete protective layer 8-2 -4.

Figure 5 shows the horizontal section structure of the non-load-bearing prefabricated sandwich wall installed on the external wall of the frame structure and the structure of the embedded steel plate installed at the window. This wall structure can meet the highest level of fire protection requirements. The non-load-bearing prefabricated sandwich wall can be installed with the prefabricated concrete sandwich panel of the lightweight aggregate concrete of the third embodiment, and can also be installed with the prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich panel of the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 6 shows a vertical cross-sectional view of a precast concrete sandwich panel used for installing a roof in Embodiment 3, and may also show a vertical cross-sectional view of a prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich panel in Embodiment 4. FIG.

FIG. 7 shows a top view of installing the side formwork strip 11 on the platform during the production and processing of the precast concrete sandwich panel according to the third embodiment. Figure 7 shows that the precast concrete sandwich panels are split at the window sill wall. The left and right sides in the figure are the outer sides of the girders located at the storey height, and the upper and lower sides indicate that the adjacent precast concrete sandwich panels are split vertically at the window sill wall. seam. The oblique part in the figure is that the external wall panel of the precast concrete sandwich panel is located on the outer side of the storey-height girders, and it is necessary to connect the adjacent EPS panels and the outer leaf concrete 8-3 at the joints to each other; Both inner and outer leaf concrete and EPS panels are connected. In the third embodiment, the prefabricated concrete sandwich panel can also be split by the side of the door and window. Although there is one more seam during installation, the prefabricated platform can be produced even with a narrow width, which is convenient for transportation. In addition, the fourth embodiment is the easiest way to disassemble the prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich panel by pressing the side of the door and window. Because it is necessary to increase the stiffness of the side walls between the windows, paste the full-length thin-walled angle steel, and meet the requirements for installing doors and windows and installing the surrounding attachments of the doors and windows to thermally break bridges.

Figure 8 is the A-A sectional view of Figure 7. The processing height of the precast concrete sandwich panel should be the design layer height H-about 20mm. During installation, aluminum silicate fireproof insulation cotton should be filled at the horizontal joints, and the outside of the joints should be filled with waterproof sealing materials or / and install the waterproof cover. The trapezoidal section marked 11-1 on the side of the window is the trapezoidal EPS board edge formwork strip 11-1. The EPS board edge formwork strip 11-1 supports the EPS board edge formwork strip around the window and the rock wool installed on the inside of the door and window. (It is enough to stick it on for easy removal), the EPS board formwork strip 11 on the side of the window can also be thickened instead of the trapezoidal EPS board edge formwork strip 11-1, or other supporting measures can be adopted.

Fig. 9 is a B-B sectional view of Fig. 7, the two ends are precast concrete sandwich panels constructed at the vertical joints of the outer window sill walls of the girder.

Fig. 10 is a C-C sectional view of Fig. 7, the two ends are the precast concrete sandwich panels constructed at the vertical joints of the window sill wall outside the girder.

Figure 9 and Figure 10 both show that the concrete of the inner and outer leaves of the precast concrete sandwich panel at the vertical joint of the edge is retracted to a certain width, such as about 50mm, but the EPS panel is not retracted, and this retracted width is just used to install the EPS edge formwork strip 11. It is easy to put the horizontal reinforcement bars into the EPS board edge formwork strips, but if it is a steel plate or aluminum board edge formwork strips, the outstretched reinforcement bars need to be drilled on the metal formwork strips, which is a large amount of work and great damage! When installing, squeeze and paste the adjacent EPS boards to each other or step-like lap bonding. After the horizontal steel bars (the outstretched steel bars are horizontal steel bars in the figure) are welded to each other, apply adhesive to the EPS boards exposed inside and outside the joints. Then set the formwork along the joint and pour the inner and outer leaf concrete to bond with the EPS board at the joint (it is advisable to add a micro-expansion agent); after the curing of the precast concrete sandwich board is completed, withdraw the trapezoidal EPS board edge formwork strip 11-1, which can be repeated Use, the remaining edge formwork strips 11 are used as the packaging material for the edge of the precast concrete sandwich panel until installation, and packaging protection should be added to the weak part of the edge of the precast concrete sandwich panel, such as woven bags.

11 shows the cross-sectional view of the semi-finished precast concrete sandwich panel after the trapezoidal EPS board edge formwork strip 11-1 is removed after the prefabrication and curing of the precast concrete sandwich panel is completed in the third embodiment, and then the BFRP cloth 3 is pasted.

FIG. 12 shows the installation of the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 on the side wall of the base layer and the door and window according to the seventh embodiment.

Fig. 13 shows that in the ninth embodiment, the side of the EPS board is painted with adhesive, or the cement polymer mortar 12 is applied to fill the gap, the EPS board is bonded and connected as a whole, and the BFRP cloth 3 is pasted on the outside of the EPS board.

Figures 1 to 3, Figure 5, and Figure 12 all show the installation of BFRP cloth 3 on the outer wall and the side of the window, and they all show that the L-shaped embedded steel plate 4-1 is pasted and installed at the outer corner of the window, and the embedded steel plate 4 is installed at the rest of the exterior wall. -2, collectively referred to as pre-embedded steel plate 4, all indicate that decorative lines 19 are installed around the outdoor window, and the decorative lines 19 are bonded and fixed with screws and adhesives. It also means that the window is connected to the L-shaped embedded steel plate 4-1 away from the inner leaf concrete 1, and it also means that a thermal insulation strip is installed between the outer side of the window frame and the decorative line 19, so that the outdoor cold spot of the window is away from the thermal resistance of the inner leaf concrete 1. Not less than the thermal resistance of the main wall, the thermal bridge around the door and window openings is "0", and the insulation strips can be installed with EPS slats or vertical fiber rock wool slats wrapped with BFRP cloth; they are also indicated on the BFRP cloth 3 on the side of the indoor window. Apply insulation mortar 16. 1 to 3 all show the installation of fire-proof and heat-insulating material 7 between the connecting iron piece 15-1 for installing external wall attachments and the pre-embedded steel plate 4 on the thermal insulation layer of the energy-saving heat-insulating wall, because if the fire-proof heat-insulating material 7 is not installed , in the event of fire, the embedded steel plate 4 will fall off when heated. It also means that the rock wool of the vertical filament rock wool board of non-combustible thermal insulation material around the window is perpendicular to the side of the window, while the rock wool filament of the non-combustible thermal insulation material vertical filament rock wool board of the outer wall is perpendicular to the outer wall, as shown in the figure. The direction difference of the vertical fiber rock wool board is 45 degrees, which is to distinguish the direction of the rock wool in the vertical fiber rock wool board at different positions.

Detailed ways

Embodiment 1: As shown in Figure 1, an energy-saving thermal insulation wall and roof of this embodiment is composed of a base wall 1, an organic thermal insulation layer 2, and a non-combustible thermal insulation material 9; the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 is vertical filament rock wool board, foamed cement board, etc.; install the organic thermal insulation layer 2 on the base wall 1 (adhesive paste or plastic expansion nails for auxiliary fixation), it should be ensured that there is no vertical penetration between the organic thermal insulation layer 2 and the base wall 1 There are no gaps between the adjacent organic thermal insulation layers 2, and the bonding area is not less than a certain percentage, such as not less than 90%, which is determined by experts collegially to avoid the spread of fire due to the chimney effect caused by the penetration of the gap once the fire flame penetrates into the gap. Then install the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 on the organic thermal insulation layer 2, or install the composite thermal insulation board of the non-combustible thermal insulation material and the organic thermal insulation layer on the base wall (pre-paste the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 on the organic thermal insulation layer 2), After installation, the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 is located on the outside of the organic thermal insulation layer 2, and the thickness of the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 is determined according to the fire protection requirements.

Article 6.7.3 of "Code for Fire Protection in Architectural Design" GB50016 stipulates that the two sides of the organic thermal insulation layer of the sandwich thermal insulation wall are made of non-combustible materials with a thickness of not less than 50mm, and meet the fire resistance limit requirements, which can be used in various buildings. When the thickness of the non-combustible thermal insulation material in this embodiment is 50mm, it complies with the provisions of Article 6.7.3 of the GB50016 standard; when the thickness of the non-combustible thermal insulation material is 20mm, it is used to replace the 3-5mm thin plastering protective layer of the current thin plastering thermal insulation wall. It will greatly improve the fire safety of energy-saving thermal insulation walls.

Further, it also adds pre-embedded steel plates 4 and high-strength durable fiber cloth 3, the organic thermal insulation layer 2 is an EPS board, or when the organic thermal insulation layer 2 adopts a rigid foam thermal insulation board, it needs to be proved by tests in long-term use. It has the ability to adapt to deformation, the bonding interface is not damaged, and the durability meets the requirements; the high-strength and durable fiber cloth 3 is basalt fiber cloth, referred to as BFRP cloth 3, or other fiber cloth that can replace BFRP cloth; the embedded steel plate 4 Including the L-shaped embedded steel plate 4-1 at the corner of the outdoor door and window and the embedded steel plate 4-2 installed at the rest of the outer wall. The installation of the L-shaped embedded steel plate 4-1 at the corner of the outdoor door and window is for the connection iron of the window when installing the window. The parts are fixed with the L-shaped embedded steel plate 4-1 to ensure the safety of the installation of the window, and it is convenient to install the window outside sunshade shutter, install the prefabricated outdoor window sill, and install the decorative lines around the window; the embedded steel plate 4 installed in the rest of the outer wall -2 Corresponds to the position on the exterior wall where the exterior wall attachments need to be installed, and the EPS board should be pasted with the base wall at 4-2 places corresponding to the position where the heavier exterior wall attachments are installed; The embedded steel plate 4 is bonded to the EPS board and bonded to the thermal insulation layer around the window; the tensile bearing capacity of the bonding area between the embedded steel plate 4 and the EPS board should not be less than the weight and The combination value of negative wind pressure load has a certain safety reserve on the pulling force of the embedded steel plate 4. If the safety factor is 2, it will be determined by experts through consultation. The BFRP cloth 3 is pasted to the surface of the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 with adhesive, and is also pasted to the surface of the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9. The side of the door and window is pasted with the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 on the side of the door and window, pasted with the inner base wall 1, and pasted to the side of the deformation joint, or through the BFRP cloth with plastic anchor bolts 3, non-combustible thermal insulation material 9, organic thermal insulation layer 2 It is appropriate to fix with the base wall 1 (when the BFRP cloth is decorated with paint, in order to prevent the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 from absorbing water and pulverizing and falling off, install plastic anchor bolts to make the non-combustible thermal insulation material difficult to displace); BFRP cloth and the base layer on the side of the door and window The width of the wall paste is not less than the specified value, such as 150mm, and it is not less than the shear force on the side of the design calculation window acting on the BFRP cloth. If the tensile bearing capacity required by the BFRP cloth is not When the shear resistance is satisfied, the number of layers of BFRP cloth to be pasted should be increased, there should be a certain safety reserve, and the pasting range should meet the design requirements. The outside of BFRP cloth 3 can be painted with paint, pasted with decorative bricks, or installed with curtain wall decorative panels.

EPS boards are isotropic and have stable mechanical properties. However, the mechanical properties of various non-combustible thermal insulation materials 9 are known to be unstable, and they are easy to be affected by moisture and freeze-thaw pulverization. The tensile strength is close to that of the EPS board, but it is anisotropic, and the tensile strength decreases once it gets wet. Therefore, the embedded steel plate 4-2 installed on the exterior wall except for the window should be bonded to the EPS board, rather than the embedded steel plate. 4-2 is bonded with the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9; but the L-shaped embedded steel plate 4-1 can be bonded with the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 at the corner of the outdoor door and window, because BFRP cloth is pasted 90 degrees from the front facade of the door and window To the side of the window, and bonded with the indoor base wall 1, only relying on the tensile bearing capacity of the BFRP cloth, it can meet the requirements of installing the L-shaped embedded steel plate 4-1, installing doors and windows, and installing sunshades on the embedded steel plate 4-1. The safety of rolling shutters and installing anti-theft fences, so the L-shaped embedded steel plate 4-1 can be pasted with the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 at the corner of the exterior wall window, but the embedded steel plate 4-2 installed in the rest of the exterior wall is safe to bond with the EPS board Sex is better. For the energy-saving thermal insulation wall, the following fire safety structures can also be adopted, which can be used as needed:

1) The thermal insulation layer installed around the door and window is a non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 that meets a certain thickness, such as installing a 50mm-thick vertical rock wool board with nails (rock wool is perpendicular to the side wall of the window); the door and window are the passages of the flame , it is recommended to install non-combustible thermal insulation materials on the surrounding thermal insulation layers of building doors and windows of any fire rating9;

2) Fire and heat insulation material 7 is also added. When installing curtain wall decorative panels (curtain wall decorative panels are also an external wall attachment) or other external wall attachments 8 (such as (referred to as screws) connect the connecting pieces for installing curtain wall decorative panels or other external wall attachments to the embedded steel plate 4, and between the connecting piece and the embedded steel plate 4, there is a fire-proof and heat-insulating material 7 (all kinds of adhesives can be pasted or used Other installation methods), see Figure 1 and Figure 2; if the fireproof and heat insulation material 7 is an aluminum silicate cloth or felt with a compression thickness not less than the specified value (such as 10mm), it can also be a rock wool board, but the fire resistance temperature of the rock wool board is It is lower than aluminum silicate cloth or felt, and it is safer to use fire-resistant and heat-insulating materials with higher refractory temperature, which helps to ensure that the embedded steel plate pasted on the EPS board is not easy to fall off due to heat, and the installed external wall attachments are allowed. It will not fall off within a certain time; each building has various external wall attachments, such as window anti-theft fences, deformation joint covers, decorative lines, downpipes, lightweight air conditioner pallets (such as air conditioner pallets made of aluminum alloys) ), or even install billboards; if the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 is thicker to install the curtain wall decorative panel, it is necessary to have a connecting iron piece 15-2 in the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9, and the connecting iron piece 15-2 and the embedded steel plate 4 are connected by screws. , it is convenient to connect with the embedded steel plate 4 through the connecting iron piece 15-2 when installing the external wall attachment; when the external wall decoration is a curtain wall decorative board, it is necessary to install horizontal steel keel and vertical steel keel, and the steel keel is located in the BFRP cloth 3 and the embedded steel keel. The steel plate 4 is connected, or the steel keel is connected with the connecting iron piece 15-2, see Figure 1;

3) After the installation of the window is completed, apply adhesive to the BFRP cloth 3 pasted on the side of the window room and apply thermal insulation mortar 16 or other non-combustible thermal insulation materials (such as vertical filament rock wool board), and the surface of thermal insulation mortar 16 is calendered with plastering cement; The thermal insulation mortar is suitable for perlite mortar with thermal conductivity not greater than 0.1w/m·k. Once the fire heats up, it is not easy to penetrate the thermal insulation mortar, etc. to damage the polymer adhesive that sticks the BFRP cloth 3, reduce fire losses, and increase the surrounding area of the window. The thermal resistance of the base wall further reduces the thermal bridge of the base wall around the window;

4) Insulation material 6 can also be pasted on the back or both sides of the embedded steel plate 4, such as BFRP cloth with a certain thickness, to increase the heat insulation performance of the embedded steel plate.

In this embodiment, the non-combustible thermal insulation material is pasted on the outside of the organic thermal insulation layer for external thermal insulation of the external wall to form a composite thermal insulation layer to meet the fire safety requirements of different levels, and high-strength and durable BFRP cloth is pasted on the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 as a protective layer. The protective layer will not crack and has high durability; and the adhesive used to paste the BFRP cloth is a waterproof material, so the energy-saving thermal insulation wall is not only fireproof, but also waterproof and durable. In this embodiment, the pre-embedded steel plate is also pasted on the EPS board, the tensile strength of the EPS board is exerted, and the thermal bridge of the connecting iron pieces for installing the external wall attachments is eliminated. Require.

Install EPS board, install non-combustible thermal insulation material 9, install pre-embedded steel plate 4 and install BFRP cloth on the outer wall, and the construction method for installing external wall attachment 8 is:

1) It should comply with the general regulations of the construction industry; for example, the quality of materials should comply with the relevant regulations of national standards and industry standards, the layered structure and appearance quality of energy-saving thermal insulation walls should comply with technical standards and design regulations, and a quality certification system should be implemented. Control measures, material storage, packaging and transportation should all comply with the corresponding regulations, the bonding test should be carried out in advance, the tensile strength should not be less than the industry standard, and the tensile bearing capacity should not be less than the design. Etc., the mix ratio should be accurate. On the basis that the construction enterprise has passed the self-inspection, the items that need to be inspected by the legal unit must be inspected by the legal unit. There should be concealed engineering records, and fire prevention measures should be taken. Use the theodolite to draw a vertical line and hang the line. Make the outer wall surface control line; during construction and within 24 hours after completion, the ambient temperature should not be lower than 5 ℃, if the adhesive is an adhesive that can be used at low temperature, it is not subject to this restriction, and construction is not allowed in windy weather and rainy days above level 5, etc. ;

2) During the construction of the energy-saving thermal insulation wall, the in-depth design should be carried out according to the design requirements, and the drawings or texts should indicate the position and specifications of the embedded steel plate 4 on the EPS board and the side of the window; when building a near-zero energy consumption building, in order to eliminate the current causes The thermal bridge formed by the thin thermal resistance of the wall insulation layer around the window, the length of the L-shaped embedded steel plate 4-1 at the corner of the door and window on the side of the window should not extend into the window frame or a small length into the window frame (if it does not exceed the window 50% of the thickness of the frame is appropriate), when installing the window, install the window away from the base wall 1 to the side near the outdoor corner of the window, and fix the connecting iron piece 15 of the window to the L-shaped embedded steel plate 4-1 on the side of the outdoor window (generally The outer edge of the window frame should be installed at a distance of about 20-50mm from the outside of the window to the corner of the BFRP cloth 3 to increase the thermal resistance of the wall around the window; The base wall 1 is connected (the insulation layer is thinner), or the indoor windows have embedded steel plates 4-3 to connect the iron pieces 15 to the indoor embedded steel plates 4-3 (the insulation layer is thicker). The steel plate 4-3 and the outdoor L-shaped embedded steel plate 4-1 should not be connected; the width of the L-shaped embedded steel plate 4-1 at the corner of the door and window should be convenient for the installation of the window and the construction convenience requirements of the attachments around the installation window. For example, the width should not be less than 50mm, in this way, it is easy to find the position of L-shaped embedded steel plate when installing sunshade shutters, installing anti-theft fences, and installing external wall attachments such as decorative lines around windows; It is appropriate (too thick and not easy to bend into an L shape), the embedded steel plate 4-2 can be a cold galvanized steel plate with a thickness of not less than 4mm (thickness is good for corrosion resistance), and effective anti-corrosion measures are taken for the embedded steel plate 4 to ensure Durability of not less than 50 years;

3) The installation of EPS boards on the external thermal insulation wall, the installation of embedded steel plates on the EPS boards, and the paste of non-combustible thermal insulation materials 9 on the EPS boards shall meet the following requirements:

① Conduct the bonding test between the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 and the EPS board in advance, and the damage should be on the EPS board or on the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9, not on the bonding interface;

②The EPS board is pasted on the base wall 1 with adhesive in advance for testing, and the selected adhesive is determined;

③The bonding test of the embedded steel plate 4 and the EPS board is carried out in advance, and the bonding test of the embedded steel plate 4 and the vertical wire rock wool board of the window is carried out. The damage should be located on the EPS board or on the vertical wire rock wool board, not should be located at the bonding interface;

④ It is necessary to prepare embedded steel plates that meet the specifications and quality requirements in advance, and paste BFRP cloth strips on the surfaces of the prepared L-shaped embedded steel plates 4-1 and the rest of the embedded steel plates 4-2 on the outer wall (anti-corrosion epoxy resin The BFRP cloth strip is pasted on the embedded steel plate, and it has anti-corrosion effect), and the two sides of the BFRP cloth strip should protrude from the outside of the embedded steel plate 4;

⑤ Use the theodolite to draw vertical lines on the EPS boards that have been installed on the outer wall and hang the lines to make the outer wall surface control lines, and protrude the EPS boards beyond the allowable parts for grinding;

⑥ Draw the mark for installing the embedded steel plate 4 on the EPS board that has been pasted on the outer wall, iron or cut the groove at the position where the embedded steel plate 4 is installed, and paste the embedded steel plate 4 into the groove of the EPS board with adhesive , Use plastic expansion nails to pass through the BFRP strips and EPS boards protruding from the edge of the embedded steel plate 4, bond the embedded steel plate 4 to the EPS board and fix it with the base wall 1, speed up the construction progress, and the plastic expansion nails in the heating area The core rod should not be a steel rod but plastic, and the outer surface of the embedded steel plate should be flat with the EPS board;

4) The test of pasting and installing BFRP cloth should be carried out in advance:

① Brush the adhesive on the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9, and bond the BFRP cloth to the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9. After the adhesive is cured, check that the vertical tensile strength of the BFRP cloth and the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 should not be less than the specified value. On the insulation material 9;

② BFRP cloth and concrete bonding test, the BFRP cloth strip of a certain width (such as 100mm) is bonded to concrete or cement mortar for a certain length (such as 50 ~ 100mm), and the color of the BFRP cloth should be deepened. On the premise that the adhesive test is qualified), the parallel tensile strength test shall be carried out after curing; the test data of the paste shall not be less than a certain value, such as 8 to 10, and the average value of the test results shall be taken. The final valid value should be no less than the specified number, such as no less than 5, so as to determine the width of the BFRP cloth that needs to be pasted with the base wall when the door and window meet the shear resistance capacity required by the design; On this basis, send it to the legal unit for inspection; if the design value of the tensile strength of the BFRP fabric itself does not meet the shear resistance capacity (the maximum shear force is located at the corner of the side wall between the windows), the number of layers of BFRP fabric to be pasted should be increased. There is a certain safety reserve, and the pasting range should meet the design requirements;

③ Mutual adhesion test of BFRP cloth, stick BFRP cloth strips of a certain width (such as 100mm) to each other for a certain length (such as 50 ~ 100mm), the color of BFRP cloth should be deepened, and the BFRP cloth should be pasted. To determine the parallel tensile strength of BFRP cloth lapped and pasted, and to determine the lapped and pasted width required for BFRP cloth to meet the strength requirements of lapped and pasted. The data should not be less than a certain value, such as 8 to 10, and the average value of the test results should be taken. If there is more than 10% of the test data, it should be rounded off, but the final valid value should not be less than the specified number, such as not less than 5;

5) After the EPS board is pasted and installed on the base wall 1, the embedded steel plate 4 should be installed along with the pasting and the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 should be pasted and installed in time to avoid the spread of fire once the EPS board pasted on the outer wall catches fire; on the EPS board Brush or scrape the adhesive, install the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 against each other on the EPS board, and fix it with plastic expansion nails. The non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 is such as vertical filament rock wool board; if the BFRP cloth is decorated with paint and the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 is vertical filament rock wool board, the vertical filament rock wool is exposed at the joints and outside corners of the vertical filament rock wool board. First scrape cement polymer mortar or cement polymer mortar (no sand is called mortar, or cement polymer mortar with a small amount of fine sand), or scrape and seal with waterproof sealing material to prevent rainwater from eroding rock wool board, and then paste and install BFRP cloth;

6) The construction and installation method of pasting and installing BFRP cloth 3 on the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 is:

①The joint position for installing BFRP cloth 3 should be determined. There are two ways to install BFRP cloth 3, which can be selected according to the convenience of construction:

a. Horizontal installation: the width of the purchased BFRP cloth meets the requirements of use and it is advisable to minimize the seams (when the order quantity is large, the manufacturer of the BFRP cloth can produce according to the width required by the order), and the width of the BFRP cloth meets the requirements of the layer. The height + lap length is appropriate (for example, the lap length is 100mm). The BFRP cloth can be installed horizontally on each layer. The fewer seams, the better. Spread the BFRP cloth horizontally and paste it for installation (such as 100m long on the scaffolding board). The rolled BFRP cloth is inserted into a vertical pole of a movable base, and the BFRP cloth is released as the BFRP cloth is pasted and rotated, so that the joints are the least); The length of the seat is not less than a certain range, if it is not less than 100mm, it is appropriate (man-made, not absolute). The BFRP cloth 3 on the upper layer of the seam should be pressed and pasted on the BFRP cloth 3 on the next layer;

b. Vertical installation: The BFRP cloth 3 installed at one time should be as long as possible, and the horizontal joints should be reduced, which should meet the requirements of the aforementioned horizontal joints; the vertical joints of the BFRP cloth should be located at the window sill wall, and the BFRP cloth 3 should be located in the door and window openings. The width of the BFRP cloth should meet the pasting width of pasting the BFRP cloth to the side of the wall between the windows and the base wall. Equal strength requirements; the vertical joints of BFRP cloth 3 should not be located within a small range specified on the wall between the windows and the side of the door and window, such as within 200mm (not absolute, according to the internal force analysis results of the external wall of a project based on finite element software Most of the proofs are similar); wrap the BFRP cloth on the thick plastic pipe, gradually lay it down from top to bottom and expand it vertically, and paste and install the BFRP cloth on the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9;

Horizontal installation or vertical installation of BFRP cloth includes the width of pasting the BFRP cloth to the side of the deformation joint;

② Brush the adhesive on the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9, paste the BFRP cloth on the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9, and use a scraper or trowel to flatten the BFRP cloth (it is better to use a special small rolling machine), and the adhesive should ooze slightly BFRP cloth, the color of BFRP cloth should be deepened, indicating that the BFRP cloth should be pasted; the width of the BFRP cloth and the base wall on the side of the window wall should not be less than the specified value, and the BFRP cloth and the base wall have a parallel tensile bearing capacity within the pasting width. It should not be less than the shearing bearing capacity required by the design, and there should be a certain safety reserve; if it does not meet the requirements, the bonding width of the BFRP cloth and the base wall should be increased, or the BFRP cloth should be pasted with fiber-impregnated epoxy resin adhesive locally (also need to be tested in advance) ; If the design value of the tensile strength of the BFRP fabric itself does not meet the shear bearing capacity, the number of layers of BFRP fabric to be pasted should be increased, the pasting range should meet the design requirements, and there should be a certain safety reserve. When the non-combustible thermal insulation material is the vertical fiber rock wool board, the cement polymer mortar should be brushed or scraped on the exposed rock wool at the joints or outside corners of the vertical fiber rock wool board to bond with the vertical fiber rock wool board. After the polymer mortar is cured, the BFRP cloth is pasted;

Note: There are two conditions for the installed BFRP fabric to meet the shear bearing capacity of the side wall between the windows:

1. The parallel tensile bearing capacity within the bonding width of the BFRP cloth and the side base wall of the wall between the windows should meet the requirements;

2. The tensile strength of BFRP cloth meets the requirements. Because the column distance of the building is much larger than the storey height, the finite element software analysis proves that the shear force at the side and corner of the wall between the windows is the largest, and the shear force at the middle of the side of the door and window is “0” and is triangularly distributed. When the strength does not meet the requirements, the number of layers of BFRP fabrics should be increased locally at the corners of the walls between the windows, and at the same time, it should meet the requirements of parallel tensile bearing capacity with the width of the base wall on the side of the wall between the windows. The central bending moment is large, and the non-load-bearing sandwich wall prefabricated wall panels need to reinforce the installation of vertical steel bars in the inner and outer leaf concrete at the edge of the window wall; while the shear force and bending moment at the edge of the upper and lower window sill walls are usually small, and the BFRP cloth and The width of the base wall paste should not be less than the specified value.

After the BFRP cloth is pasted and installed on the outer wall, you can install doors and windows, install window sunshade shutters, install anti-theft fences, install curtain wall decorative panels, install external air conditioner support plates (for example, the air conditioner support plate is made of aluminum alloy) or install other Exterior wall attachments.

Embodiment 2: An energy-saving thermal insulation wall and roof in this embodiment is an energy-saving thermal insulation wall in which an adhesive is applied to the thermal insulation layer of the outer wall to perform cement mortar plastering, as shown in Figure 3, or a concrete roof panel. The energy-saving thermal insulation roof is painted with adhesive cast-in-place concrete protective layer on the thermal insulation layer, as shown in Figure 4; it is composed of base layer 1, organic insulation layer 2, protective layer 8 and embedded steel plate 4; the base layer 1 is the base wall Body 1 or concrete roof panels 1-2, the organic thermal insulation layer 2 is an EPS board, or when the organic thermal insulation layer 2 adopts a rigid foam thermal insulation layer (including an organic rigid foam thermal insulation board or an inorganic rigid foam thermal insulation board, such as foam concrete board), it needs to be proved by tests that it has the ability to adapt to deformation in long-term use, the bonding interface is not damaged, and the durability meets the requirements; the protective layer 8 is the cement mortar protective layer outside the EPS board pasted on the base wall 1 8-1, or the protective layer 8 is the cast-in-place concrete protective layer 8-2 on the EPS board installed on the concrete roof panel; the EPS is pasted and fixed on the base layer 1 with adhesive, and if there is a gap, it is advisable to insert the EPS thin strip ( The EPS board has a certain elasticity, and can be installed by squeezing and pasting each other as much as possible to avoid the adverse effect of the gap on thermal insulation and is beneficial to waterproofing). Through the gap, the paste area is not less than a certain percentage, to avoid fire spread due to the chimney effect caused by the penetration of the gap through the gap and the gap; use the adhesive to bond the embedded steel plate 4 to the EPS board of the outer wall, and the EPS board is relatively easy to install. The 4 places of pre-embedded steel plates at the positions of heavy external wall attachments should be pasted with the base wall 1 (such as the place where the air-conditioner support plate is installed, the place where the pre-embedded steel plate for maintenance on the exterior wall is installed, and the place where the billboard is installed). The tensile bearing capacity of the bonding area between the steel plate 4 and the EPS board should not be less than the weight of the installed external wall attachments and the tensile force generated by the most unfavorable load combination value under the action of negative wind pressure, and there should be certain safety reserves, such as safety The coefficient is 2, which is determined by experts through collusion to form the installation of external wall attachments, thermal insulation, broken bridges and fire protection structures; it is advisable to apply adhesive to the side of the EPS board on the roof to connect the sides of the EPS as a whole (if the bearing capacity of the original roof concrete board is not enough, Applying adhesive on the side of the roof EPS to bond the EPS board together can greatly improve the bending height of the roof board, improve the bending resistance and shear resistance, and increase the waterproof capacity of the EPS board); Apply waterproof sealing materials between them, or apply cement polymer waterproof coatings prepared with acrylate copolymer emulsions with strong adhesion, water resistance and durability that meet the requirements of glass transition temperature (cement polymer waterproof coatings are also waterproof in essence. Sealing material, note that the purchased cement polymer waterproof coating should meet the requirements of the present invention regarding the instructions for use of the adhesive, and it is appropriate to have strong adhesion. Water should not be added to the purchased cement polymer waterproof coating), and also EPS board The gaps between the roof walls or structures are bonded. When the gap is large, the EPS board sheet is inserted and the gap is waterproof and sealed, so that the EPS board becomes a waterproof layer; Apply adhesive plaster on the board and connect the cement mortar protective layer 8-1 with the EPS board. The thickness of the cement mortar protective layer 8-1 should not be less than a certain value, such as not less than 15mm, to meet the requirements of non-spreading of fire, so that the outer wall is installed. There are no air-flowing cavities through the inside and outside of the EPS board; paint the adhesive on the EPS board on the roof to bond the cast-in-place concrete protective layer 8-2 of the roof with the EPS board; roughen the EPS surface or Dovetail grooves (the project with EPS board insulation for roofing is generally not required. In fact, plastering or pouring concrete on the EPS board, and brushing the adhesive with strong adhesion does not require roughening treatment, but the organic insulation layer 2 is hard foam. Insulation board such as XPS board may be required); anchor the embedded steel plate 4 with the roof concrete protective layer 8-2 (such as the embedded steel plate 4 and the reinforcement mesh in the roof concrete protective layer 8-2), on the embedded steel plate 4 Install roof structures (such as prefabricated parapets, prefabricated art railings, steel columns, etc.) to form an insulated and broken bridge waterproof structure for installing roof structures, and also build a sun room on the insulated roof; install EPS panels on concrete roof panels 1 The tensile bearing capacity between the bonding area on -2 and the EPS board, and the tensile bearing capacity of the steel mesh welded between the embedded steel plate 4 and the roof concrete protective layer 8-2, should not be less than that under negative wind pressure. Under the action of the load combination value, the upward suction on the cast-in-place concrete protective layer 3-2 of the roof is not less than the thrust of the wind on the roof structure, and there should be a certain safety reserve. If the safety factor is 2, it should be determined by experts. "Code for Acceptance of Roof Engineering Quality" GB50207 The installation of the thermal insulation layer is dry-laid installation, and the layers are not connected.

The following fire safety structures are adopted for the energy-saving thermal insulation wall, which can be used as needed, as shown in Figure 3:

1) The thermal insulation layer installed around the interior doors and windows should be non-combustible thermal insulation materials 9 that meet a certain thickness, such as 50mm thick vertical wire rock wool board;

2) It also adds high-strength and durable fiber cloth 3 and fire-proof and heat-insulating material 7. For example, fire-proof and heat-insulating material 7 is aluminum silicate cloth or felt whose compressed thickness is not less than a certain specified value (such as 10mm); the high-strength and durable fiber cloth 3 It is basalt fiber cloth, abbreviated as BFRP cloth 3, or other fiber cloth that can replace BFRP cloth; the fireproof and heat insulation material 7 is located on the outside of the embedded steel plate 4 and connected to the embedded steel plate 4, and the BFRP cloth 3 is pasted to the exterior wall cement with an adhesive The surface of the mortar protective layer 8-1, and also pasted to the side of the door and window, pasted with the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9, pasted with the inner base wall 1, and pasted to the side of the deformation joint; when installing the external wall attachment 8, use screws to pass through the installation outside. The connecting piece 15-1 of the wall attachment, the BFRP cloth 3, the fireproof and heat insulating material 7, the connecting iron piece 15-1 for installing the outer wall attachment 8 and the embedded steel plate 4 are fixed;

3) After the installation of the window is completed, apply adhesive and thermal insulation mortar 16 or other non-combustible thermal insulation materials on the BFRP cloth 3 pasted on the side of the window room;

4) Insulation material can also be pasted on the back or both sides of the embedded steel plate, such as BFRP cloth, to increase the thermal insulation performance of the embedded steel plate. This embodiment forms an energy-saving thermal insulation wall with moderate fire safety.

In this embodiment, a cement mortar protective layer is used to replace the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 of the first embodiment. This embodiment can be used in areas where it is inconvenient to purchase the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 to meet certain fire protection requirements. However, the outer cement mortar protective layer is wrapped by BFRP cloth and cannot fall off. After the fire, the maintenance can be drilled through the cement mortar protective layer, and the polyurethane foam can be injected for thermal insulation. The polyurethane foam can be bonded to the EPS board and the cement mortar layer, and the maintenance is simple.

Install insulation layer 2 on the outer wall and roof, install pre-embedded steel plate 4, install external wall cement mortar protection layer 8-1, or install cast-in-place concrete protection 8-2 on the roof, and install BFRP cloth 3 The construction method is:

1) It should comply with the general regulations of the construction industry. For example, the quality of materials should comply with the relevant regulations of national standards and industry standards, the layered structure of energy-saving thermal insulation walls and energy-saving thermal insulation roofs, and the appearance quality should comply with technical standards and design regulations, and implement quality certification. system; material storage, packaging and transportation should comply with the corresponding regulations, the bonding test should be carried out in advance, the tensile strength should not be less than the industry standard, the tensile bearing capacity should not be less than the design regulations, and a special person should be responsible for the preparation of adhesives, etc. , There is a special person responsible for the mix ratio of cement mortar and concrete, the mix ratio should be accurate, and each batch of concrete should be left with a test piece. For inspection by legal units, there should be concealed engineering records and fire prevention measures, etc.; use the theodolite to draw vertical lines and hang them to make external wall surface control lines; install the thermal insulation layer 2 and paste the BFRP cloth during construction and within 24 hours after completion, the ambient temperature does not increase. It should be lower than 5 ℃, if the adhesive can be used at low temperature, it is not subject to this restriction, and construction is not allowed in windy weather and rainy days above grade 5;

2) During the construction of the energy-saving thermal insulation wall and roof, the detailed design shall be carried out according to the design requirements, and the drawings or text shall indicate the location and specifications of the pre-embedded steel plate 4 installed on the external wall thermal insulation layer and on the side of the window and on the roof concrete protective layer 8-2. ; Described exterior wall pre-embedded steel plate 4 includes door and window outdoor corner L-shaped pre-embedded steel plate 4-1, and pre-embedded steel plate 4-2 installed at other positions of the exterior wall; The concrete protective layer 8-2 is anchored, such as welding with the steel mesh in the protective layer 8-2; when constructing a near-zero energy consumption building, in order to eliminate the current thermal bridge formed by the thin thermal resistance of the wall insulation layer around the window, the L-shaped pre- The length of the buried steel plate 4-1 on the side of the window should not extend into the window frame or a small length into the window frame (for example, not more than 50% of the thickness of the window frame), so that the window can be installed from the base wall 1 to the outside corner near the window. On the side of the window, the connecting iron 15 for installing the window is fixed with the L-shaped embedded steel plate 4-1 on the side of the outdoor window (generally, the outer edge of the window frame needs to be installed at the corner from the outside of the window to the BFRP cloth 3 (about 20 ~ 50mm); When installing windows, it is advisable to install and fix them in a staggered manner: the connecting iron piece 15 of the indoor side of the window is connected to the base wall 1 (when the insulation layer 2 is thin), or the indoor window has embedded steel plates 4-3, and the connecting iron piece 15 is connected to The indoor embedded steel plate 4-3 is connected (when the insulation layer 2 is thicker), the indoor embedded steel plate 4-3 of the near-zero energy consumption building and the outdoor L-shaped embedded steel plate 4-1 should not be connected; the width of the L-shaped embedded steel plate (along the height of the side of the window) should not be less than 50mm (if the window is too narrow to install the connecting iron parts of the sunshade shutter, it is not easy to find the position of the L-shaped embedded steel plate), the L-shaped embedded steel plate 4-1 specification should be easy to install Requirements for the convenience of construction of the windows and the attachments around the installation windows, such as the installation of sunshade shutters, the installation of anti-theft fences, the installation of decorative lines around the window and other external wall attachments, it is easy to find the position of the L-shaped embedded steel plate; L-shaped embedded steel plate 4 -1 is a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet with a thickness of 1.5~2mm (it is not easy to bend into an L shape if it is too thick), and the embedded steel sheet 4-2 can be a cold-galvanized steel sheet with a thickness of not less than 4mm (thickness is good for corrosion resistance), Take effective anti-corrosion measures for the embedded steel plate 4 to ensure that the durability is not less than 50 years;

3) Paste and install EPS board on base 1 and install pre-embedded steel plate on EPS board should meet the following requirements:

① Paste the EPS board to the base layer 1 with adhesive, and install non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 such as vertical fiber rock wool on the side of the door and window;

②The pre-embedded steel plate is pasted to the EPS board with adhesive to carry out the bonding test, and the bonding test of the L-shaped embedded steel plate 4-1 and the vertical wire rock wool board of the window is carried out to damage the EPS board or damage the vertical wire. The silk rock wool board is not qualified at the bonding interface;

③Prepare the pre-embedded steel plate 4 in advance, and paste the BFRP strip 3 on the surface of the L-shaped pre-embedded steel plate 4-1 and the pre-embedded steel plate 4-2 to be installed on the outer wall (partial paste is possible), and the two sides of the BFRP strip 3 should be extended. out of the embedded steel plate 4;

④Use the theodolite to draw vertical lines on the EPS board of the outer wall and hang the lines to make the outer wall surface control line, and grind the parts that protrude the EPS board beyond the allowable value;

⑤ Draw a mark for installing the embedded steel plate 4 on the EPS board of the outer wall, iron or cut a groove at the position where the embedded steel plate 4 is installed, and paste the embedded steel plate 4 into the groove of the organic thermal insulation layer 2 with adhesive. Use plastic expansion nails to pass through the BFRP cloth strip 3 and EPS board protruding from the edge of the embedded steel plate 4, and fix the embedded steel plate 4 to the base wall 1. The core rod of the plastic expansion nail in the heating area should not be a steel rod but should be plastic;

⑥ Weld the embedded steel plate 4-4 (recommended) on the steel mesh in the cast-in-place concrete protective layer 8-2 of the roof, or weld the embedded steel plate 4-4 with anchoring steel bars with hooks to anchor to the cast-in-place concrete protective layer of the roof Inside;

4) Before the roof concrete protective layer 8-2 is poured, it is necessary to waterproof the EPS board joints on the roof. The construction method for waterproof sealing of the roof EPS board joints is:

①In the upper part of the joint of the EPS board on the roof, and on the upper part of the joint between the EPS board and the roof structure (such as a parapet), apply the waterproof sealing material for the gap of the roof EPS board twice, and apply it after the first pass is dry. The second pass ensures that the joints are waterproof and reliable without omission; for larger gaps, EPS board sheets can be inserted to reduce the gap and then waterproof and sealed, so that the roof EPS board becomes a waterproof layer, and also has vapor permeability, but no vapor barrier layer is required. Even if the roof concrete protective layer on the EPS board is cracked, it will not affect its use function, and rainwater will not penetrate the EPS board;

②As mentioned above, when installing the EPS board, it is advisable to apply the adhesive (ie interface agent) on the side of the EPS board. If the EPS boards are bonded to each other to form a whole, the joints of the EPS boards are secondary waterproofing, which is more reliable and more reliable. After the roof concrete protective layer 8-2 is bonded to the EPS board, the flexural height of the roof panel will include the insulation layer EPS board and the roof concrete protective layer 8-2, which greatly improves the flexural bearing capacity and shear resistance of the roof panel. Cutting bearing capacity; the construction method of waterproofing and sealing the side seams of the roof EPS board can also be applied to the installation of EPS boards on the outer wall. Interface agent), the EPS boards are bonded to each other to form a whole, and there is no need to apply waterproof sealing material on the joints of the EPS boards.

5) Further, carry out cement mortar plastering on the surface of the thermal insulation layer of the outer wall, and the construction method of the cast-in-place concrete protective layer on the thermal insulation layer of the concrete roof is:

① Reinforcement mesh should be arranged on the roof EPS board, the specifications of the reinforcement mesh should meet the design requirements, and the embedded steel plate 4 should be installed on the reinforcement mesh;

②After checking that the EPS boards pasted on the exterior walls and roofs and the installed pre-embedded steel plates 4 are correct, cement mortar plastering should be carried out in time (that is, plastering after installing a part of EPS boards and pre-embedded steel plates is conducive to fire prevention. Mechanical plastering of exterior walls is recommended. ash, manual plastering and mechanical plastering), brush or spray the adhesive on the EPS board of the exterior wall, or spray it on the EPS board of the roof insulation board, the adhesive coating should be moist and full, and should not be missed. Brushing or spraying with the ready-mixed cement mortar applied to the surface of the EPS board of the exterior wall to form a cement mortar protective layer 8-1; or after installing the steel mesh on the EPS board installed on the roof, along with brushing or spraying the adhesive As the cast-in-place concrete of the roof is poured onto the surface of the EPS board, the cast-in-place concrete of the roof is vibrated and compacted with a vibrator to ensure that the poured concrete enters under the steel mesh and bonds with the EPS board, and the cast-in-place concrete protective layer of the roof is 8- 2. The thickness and strength grade should meet the design requirements; it is necessary to prevent plastering or pouring of concrete after the painted adhesive is dried, and also to prevent the coating from being wet and not full, resulting in weak adhesion;

③The mixing ratio of the cement mortar protective layer 8-1 on the outer wall is - the mixing ratio of cement:sand=1:(2.5~3) is appropriate. It is recommended that more sand is added to reduce cracking, and more cement is recommended. It will aggravate shrinkage and cracking; when the ratio of cement:sand is 1:3, admixtures can be added to adjust the workability; sand should be medium and coarse sand that meets technical standards, and the mud content of sand should not exceed 3%. The quality should comply with industry standards;

④The cement mortar protective layer 8-1 is suitable for plastering in two times; the first plastering is rough, and in the second plastering, it is advisable to brush a layer of plain slurry on the first plastering to ensure two The adhesion between the plastering layers is firm, and the plastering surface should be plastered into a straight but fine brown eye shape. When the wooden trowel is used to rub it into a rough surface and there is pulp silk on the surface, it is immediately pressed with a steel trowel, and the The pulp wire and exposed sand are overwhelmed and troweled to make the mortar surface look like a fine brown eye. The plastered surface is smoothed with a 2m scraper. Area cement mortar plastering construction (commonly known as model wall), and then large-scale plastering construction; the front and rear cement mortar plastering joints should be painted with adhesive or plain paste to avoid cracks in the plastering at the joints;

⑤ At least one of the following technical measures should be taken to ensure that the cement and water in the external wall cement mortar plastering and roof cast-in-place concrete undergo hydration reaction, so that the cement mortar and cast-in-place concrete can be maintained, and the occurrence of cement mortar and concrete can be controlled. The cracks are within the allowable range:

a. There are anti-crack fibers in the ready-mixed cement mortar and concrete. The parameters of the anti-crack fibers are determined according to the manufacturer's instructions and tests. Note that catkin-shaped polypropylene chopped fibers should not be used, and the effect of anti-crack is not good; The cracking fibers are scattered and mixed with cement mortar or concrete; or materials that can thicken and retain water, such as cellulose ether MC, etc., can be added to the cement mortar or concrete; Crack-resistant fiber, adding high-quality polypropylene chopped fiber, even at high temperature (about 35 ° C), can effectively slow down the cement mortar drying, cracking, water loss powder within about two days after the cement mortar is installed on the wall It is better to prevent chemical damage, or add film-covered health care (the roof is very convenient for film-covered health care); polypropylene chopped fiber is the lowest price among all kinds of crack-resistant fibers, and can play a role in crack resistance in the early stage of cement mortar and concrete hardening. It plays an important role, but the polypropylene chopped fibers will disappear in the later stage. The wall with high-strength fiber cloth installed on the outer wall only needs to have polypropylene chopped fibers to prevent cracking in the early stage of cement mortar hardening. Of course, more advanced crack-resistant fibers can be used. ;

b. After the surface of cement mortar or concrete is dry to the touch, it should be watered in time for maintenance, especially when the temperature is high, it must be regularly sprinkled for maintenance, so that the cement mortar plastering layer and the cast-in-place concrete protective layer can be maintained under humid conditions and avoid maintenance. During the process, due to lack of water, the cement mortar and cast-in-place concrete failed to meet the strength requirements, resulting in pulverization and cracking;

It is better to use the above a and b at the same time; because the base layer of the plaster is a polymer EPS board, and the EPS board cannot release water vapor to maintain cement sand plastering or curing concrete.

⑦It is also necessary to implement the relevant technical regulations on the construction method of exterior wall plastering, such as: use the theodolite to draw vertical lines and hang the lines to make control lines, and pre-paste cakes and punching bars on the EPS board before plastering (cement polymer mortar can be used in EPS board paste cakes, punching bars); when constructing under lower temperature conditions, antifreeze measures such as early strength agent, antifreeze agent, and thermal insulation cover should be added to avoid freezing damage to cement mortar or concrete; mortar or concrete should be mixed after mixing. Use it up in time to avoid being scrapped for too long. The above construction method of cement mortar thick plastering on EPS boards can be applied to the plastering of concrete walls and block walls, requiring the plastered base wall to be clean. Plastering on EPS board is easier to bond and maintain, but it is not suitable for plastering on rock wool;

The quality problems of plastering on the fired clay brick wall are less, because the rough surface of the clay brick is easy to bond with the brick wall, and there are a lot of pores in the brick wall, which are easy to absorb water. Just pour enough on the clay brick wall before plastering. In the process of cement mortar curing, the brick wall will continuously release water vapor to maintain the cement mortar health, so the cement mortar plastering quality on the brick wall is generally good. However, there are many quality problems in plastering on concrete walls. The quality problems of plastering cracking, hollowing, and even falling off often occur. One of the reasons is that the surface of the concrete is smooth, and the cement mortar plastering is not well bonded to the concrete and is easy to fall off. , The second reason is that concrete absorbs less water and releases less water vapor during cement mortar curing. Plastering on EPS boards is more difficult: how to ensure that the cement mortar protective layer 8-1 or the roof cast-in-place concrete protective layer 8-2 is reliably bonded to the EPS board, and that the cement mortar plastering strength meets the requirements? This embodiment solves this problem. Although the metal mesh can also be sandwiched to prevent cracking of the inorganic fiber mesh, but using this embodiment to install the BFRP cloth 3 on the cement mortar protective layer 8-1, there is no need to sandwich the metal mesh or Inorganic fiber web too. The outer walls and roofs of this embodiment are all building envelope structures in which mortar and concrete materials are bonded to the EPS board for thermal insulation, and adhesives are required to bond the outer protective layer to the EPS board.

6) Further, the construction method of pasting and installing BFRP cloth 3 on the cement mortar protective layer 8-1 of the outer wall is:

①The bonding test of BFRP cloth and concrete should be carried out in advance, and the BFRP cloth strip of a certain width (such as 100mm) should be pasted to the concrete for a certain length (such as 100mm), and the color of the BFRP cloth should be deepened. Then carry out the parallel tensile strength test; the bonding test data is not less than a certain value, such as 8 to 10, take the average value of the test results, if there is more than 10% of the test data, discard it, but the final valid value should be no less than the specified number , for example, no less than 5; so as to determine the width of the BFRP cloth that needs to be pasted with the base wall when the door and window meet the shear bearing capacity of the design requirements; on the basis of passing the self-inspection of the construction enterprise, it will be sent to the legal unit for inspection; if When the design value of the tensile strength of the BFRP cloth itself does not meet the shear resistance capacity, the number of layers of BFRP cloth pasted at the position where the door and window openings do not meet the shear resistance capacity should be increased. There should be a certain safety reserve, and the pasting range should meet the design requirements. ;

②The mutual bonding test of BFRP cloth should be carried out in advance, and the BFRP cloth strips of a certain width (such as 100mm) should be pasted to each other for a certain length (such as 100mm), and the color of the BFRP cloth should be deepened. The test is used to determine the parallel tensile strength of the BFRP fabrics lapped and pasted, so as to determine the lapped and pasted width required for the BFRP fabrics to meet the strength requirements of the lapped and pasted. Statutory unit testing; the bonding test data should not be less than a certain value, such as 8 to 10, and the average value of the test results should be taken. If there is more than 10% of the test data, it should be discarded, but the final valid value should not be less than the specified number, such as a lot of at 5;

③There are two ways to install BFRP cloth 3, which can be selected according to the convenience of construction:

a. Horizontal installation: The width of the purchased BFRP cloth 3 meets the requirements of use and it is advisable to minimize the seams, and the width of the BFRP cloth 3 meets the layer height + the length of the lap joint, such as the lap length of 100mm (manual regulation, not absolute ), install BFRP cloth 3 can be installed horizontally on each layer, the less seams, the better, spread the BFRP cloth 3 horizontally and paste it for installation (you can insert a roll of BFRP cloth 3 on the scaffolding board into a vertical pole of a movable base , as the BFRP cloth 3 is pasted and the BFRP cloth 3 is released with the rotation, so that the joints are the least); the horizontal joints should be located at the centerline of the beam (including the ring beam) or the length of the support entering the beam is not less than a certain range, such as not less than 100mm The range is appropriate (man-made, not absolute), and the horizontal joint should not be located on the wall between the non-load-bearing windows without columns. Otherwise, the strength requirements after lap bonding should be met, and the BFRP cloth 3 on the upper layer of the joint should be pressed down. Paste on one layer of BFRP cloth 3;

b. Vertical installation: The BFRP cloth 3 that is cut at one time should be as long as possible, and the horizontal joints should be reduced, which should meet the requirements of the aforementioned horizontal joints; the vertical joints of the BFRP cloth 3 should be located at the window sill wall, and the BFRP cloth 3 should be located at the door and window openings. The inner width meets the width of pasting BFRP cloth 3 to the side of the door and window and the base wall. It is not advisable to widen the BFRP cloth 3 on the side of the door and window and paste it to the indoor base wall 1. Joints should be minimized, otherwise It is necessary to meet the strength requirements such as lap bonding; the vertical seam of BFRP cloth 3 should not be located within a small range specified by the wall between the windows and the side of the door and window, such as within 200mm (artificial regulation, not absolute); Wrap it on the thick plastic tube, gradually lay it down vertically from top to bottom, and paste and install the BFRP cloth 3; when cutting the BFRP cloth 3, it is advisable to apply the emulsion to the edge of the BFRP cloth 3 to seal it;

The specification of horizontal installation or vertical installation of BFRP cloth 3 includes the width of pasting BFRP cloth 3 to the side of the deformation seam;

④ Paste BFRP cloth on the entire outer wall 3: Apply adhesive on the cement mortar protective layer 8-1, and flatten the BFRP cloth with a scraper or trowel. The color of the BFRP cloth should be darkened, indicating that the BFRP cloth has been pasted. For the parts of BFRP cloth 3 that meet the requirements of equal strength after lap bonding, the lap length of BFRP cloth 3 seams should meet the specified length, such as the lap length of 100mm (artificial regulation, not absolute);

⑤ After pasting the BFRP cloth 3 on the cement mortar protective layer 8-1 on the front facade of the outer wall, cut the BFRP cloth 3 horizontally up and down along the window. The required width of the BFRP cloth 3 pasted on the body 1, the pasting width of the BFRP cloth 3 and the base wall 1 on the side of the wall between the windows is not less than the specified value, such as not less than 150mm (artificial regulation, not absolute), and the BFRP cloth 3 The parallel tensile bearing capacity with the base wall 1 within the pasting width should not be less than the shear bearing capacity required by the structural design, and there should be a certain safety reserve, such as 2 times, which should be determined by experts collegially; if it does not meet the requirements, BFRP should be increased The bonding width of the cloth 3 and the base wall or the local fiber-impregnated epoxy resin adhesive is used to paste the BFRP cloth 3 to a certain width (it is also necessary to test in advance to determine the parallel tensile strength of the fiber-impregnated epoxy resin adhesive to the BFRP cloth); or install a single layer When the BFRP cloth 3 does not meet the shear bearing capacity required by the structure, the number of layers of the pasted BFRP cloth 3 should be increased. The pasting range and bearing capacity of the increased BFRP cloth 3 should meet the design requirements, and there should be a certain safety reserve, such as 2 times ; Then cut BFRP cloth 3 and paste it on the inside of the door and window, overlap and paste it with the BFRP cloth 3 installed on the outside of the door and window, and then install the doors and windows.

After pasting and installing BFRP cloth 3 on the outer wall, use screws to pass through the connecting iron piece 15-1, BFRP cloth 3, and fireproof and heat insulation material 7, and fix the connecting iron piece 15-1 for installing the external wall attachment to the embedded steel plate 4. , such as installing window anti-theft fences, air conditioner pallets, deformation joint cover plates, installing hangers for exterior wall maintenance, or installing vertical greening exterior wall attachments.

This embodiment is suitable for decorating with paint or decorative bricks, and it is appropriate to use Embodiment 1 if a curtain wall decorative panel is installed for decoration.

Embodiment 3: An energy-saving thermal insulation wall and roof of this embodiment, the energy-saving thermal insulation wall or roof is a prefabricated prefabricated concrete sandwich panel or a prefabricated concrete external thermal insulation panel produced by using low-strength and cheap materials as edge form strips. Construction method; prefabricated concrete sandwich panels include prefabricated concrete sandwich wall panels and prefabricated concrete sandwich roof panels, and prefabricated concrete sandwich wall panels are used to install prefabricated sandwich concrete shear walls, or non-load-bearing prefabricated sandwich panels for frame structures are installed Walls, or installation of indoor separation heating partition walls, prefabricated concrete sandwich roof panels are used to install prefabricated sandwich roofs; non-load-bearing prefabricated sandwich walls and prefabricated sandwich roofs are flexural components, and the partition walls can be considered non-stressed Components; precast concrete external thermal insulation panels are used to install external thermal insulation concrete shear walls or external thermal insulation non-load-bearing walls of frame structures; the precast concrete sandwich panels are composed of inner leaf concrete 1, thermal insulation layer 2, outer leaf concrete 8 -3 or roof concrete protective layer 8-2, see Figure 5, Figure 6; the precast concrete external thermal insulation board is composed of inner leaf concrete 1, thermal insulation layer 2, and external protective layer 8-1, see Figure 2, the external The protective layer 8-1 is a cement mortar protective layer or a thin fine stone concrete protective layer that meets a certain thickness. If the thickness is not less than 15mm, the thickness meets the requirements of fire non-spreading; the prefabricated concrete sandwich core used for bending members The inner and outer leaf concrete of the thermal insulation wall panel is ordinary concrete (available, but not recommended), or light aggregate concrete (recommended, light weight and good heat insulation, such as pumice, ceramsite for light aggregate). The inner and outer leaf concrete of the prefabricated concrete sandwich thermal insulation wall panel of the partition wall is light aggregate concrete or foam concrete, and the light aggregate can be ceramsite; When the thermal insulation layer 2 of the thermal insulation board is an EPS board, or when the thermal insulation layer 2 adopts a rigid foam thermal insulation board, it must be proved by tests that it has the ability to adapt to deformation in long-term use, the bonding interface is not damaged, and the durability meets the requirements; The insulation layer 2 of the precast concrete sandwich panel for the partition wall for indoor partition heating is EPS board or a rigid foam insulation board such as XPS board. Because the partition wall used for indoor partition heating has a small temperature difference between winter and summer, and there is no horizontal thrust of wind load, it can be Use rigid foam XPS panels; the production and processing of precast concrete sandwich panels or the production and processing of precast concrete external insulation panels are made of low-strength and inexpensive materials 11 (such as EPS slats) as prefabricated edge formwork strips, rather than steel or aluminum panels. Edge formwork strip, stick the edge formwork strip 11 on the platform with adhesive (the platforms of the prefabricated industrial base are all movable steel platforms, and concrete or cement floor can also be used as a simple platform for prefabrication without conditions) as a prefabricated concrete sandwich core Edge formwork strips at the edge of the board or precast concrete external insulation board (including the edge formwork strip on the inner edge of doors and windows); when producing and processing precast concrete sandwich panels or precast concrete external insulation boards, the inner leaf concrete is bonded with adhesive 1. Organic The insulation layer 2 and the outer leaf concrete 8-3 or the roof concrete protective layer 8-2 or the outer protective layer 8-1 are bonded and connected as a whole, and there is no need to install fiber-reinforced plastic tensioning parts or stainless steel tensioning parts to connect Of course, it is also possible to install the tension joint, but the trouble increases the cost; this embodiment is not available in the current prefabrication technology, and now the edge formwork strip of the steel plate or aluminum plate is fixed on the steel platform by welding or bolts, or use expensive The high magnetic magnet attracts and fixes the steel formwork strips. Due to the many specifications of exterior wall panels, door and window specifications, the turnover rate of the edge formwork strips of the steel plate or aluminum plate is low, the consumption of the edge formwork strips is very large, and the installation of the edge formwork strips is troublesome. It takes a lot of labor, and welding or bolting will damage the steel platform, which greatly increases the cost of prefabricated components; using EPS slats as edge formwork strips is cheap, easy to paste and fix, and when removing and cleaning the edge formwork strips, a hemp cutter can be used along the adhesive bonding surface. The EPS slats can be lifted from the steel plate to clean the steel platform without damaging the steel platform. The width of the EPS board edge formwork strip is about 50-100mm. It is pasted with an adhesive with low strength after curing with the prefabricated platform. When the prefabricated component needs to be removed, it can be broken and opened with a hemp knife on the side. For example, acrylic copolymer type Emulsion paste paste, the edge formwork strip can be used as a packaging material to connect with the concrete of the prefabricated component (during prefabrication, apply a little adhesive on the EPS board edge formwork strip, and the EPS board edge formwork strip will stick to the poured concrete. ), after the prefabrication is completed, the edge formwork strip of the EPS board and the edge of the prefabricated component can be wrapped and pasted with woven wrapping cloth for protection until the precast concrete sandwich panel or precast concrete external thermal insulation board is installed, that is, the edge formwork strip is still the protective material for the edge of the prefabricated component. The cost of formwork strips is only about 5 yuan/m ² , while the current installation of metal edge formwork strips requires 150 to 200 yuan/m ² . The reason is that people in the construction industry know steel and cement, and there are too few or no other ideas. The production foamed concrete sandwich panel can be prefabricated on a platform, or can be prefabricated by box-type vertical formwork (box-type vertical formwork prefabrication cost is low). Frame structure installation of non-load-bearing prefabricated sandwich insulation wall or installation of non-load-bearing prefabricated concrete external insulation panels for splitting is appropriate: the split joint is located on the window sill wall or on the side of the door and window. Compared with splitting and splitting in the middle of the wall between the windows, the installation joint workload is less;

The prefabrication method for producing and processing prefabricated concrete sandwich panels or prefabricated concrete external thermal insulation panels is:

1) It should comply with the general regulations of the construction industry. For example, the quality of materials should meet the relevant regulations of national standards and industry standards, and prefabricated enterprises should have fire protection measures. Structural Technical Regulations "JGJ1" stipulates that the non-load-bearing sandwich prefabricated panel installed on the outside of the frame structure shall comply with the corresponding technical regulations according to the type of wall designed; the layered structure of prefabricated concrete sandwich panels, prefabricated The strength grade, reinforcement installation, appearance quality, etc. shall comply with the relevant technical standards and design regulations, and the quality certification system shall be implemented; the inner and outer leaf concrete reinforcement of the precast concrete sandwich panel shall be determined according to the internal force analysis results, and the deflection shall be controlled within the allowable range; The storage of materials and the protection, storage, packaging and transportation of finished products should comply with the corresponding regulations. The layered bonding test should be carried out in advance. The tensile strength should not be less than the industry standard. The cement mortar should be automatically controlled by computer, the mix ratio should be accurate, and each batch of concrete should be left with test pieces. On the basis of passing the self-inspection of the construction enterprise, the items that need to be inspected by the legal unit should be inspected by the legal unit. Provide a series of technical data such as the specifications, reinforcement, strength grade, appearance quality, inspection report, and concealed engineering records of precast concrete sandwich panels and precast concrete external thermal insulation panels. When leaving the factory, enterprises should provide precast component self-inspection reports and necessary type inspections Report;

2) The precast concrete sandwich panel and the precast concrete external thermal insulation panel should be in-depth design according to the design requirements, the division of the precast concrete sandwich panel and the precast concrete external thermal insulation panel should be determined, and the component processing drawing (including the reinforcement drawing, If it is split on the window sill wall, it is advisable to install 45-degree inclined steel bars in the inner and outer leaf concrete at the corner of the door and window), and the organic insulation layer 2 in the precast concrete sandwich panel or the precast concrete external insulation board is at the vertical joint of the wall. And the adjacent joints on the roof (non-support joints) protrude a certain width from the outer side of the inner and outer leaf concrete. It is used to connect the organic thermal insulation layer 2 at the joint during installation. The protruding width of the organic thermal insulation layer 2 depends on the existing joints. Determine the width of the poured concrete; indicate the installation of non-combustible insulation materials 9 such as vertical wire rock wool panels on the drawings of the precast concrete sandwich panels and precast concrete external insulation panels on the outer wall, and indicate the installation of pre-embedded steel plates 4 and the installation of pre-embedded hoisting parts. Location and specifications; the pre-embedded steel plate 4 has an L-shaped pre-embedded steel plate 4-1 at an outdoor corner of the window and a pre-embedded steel plate 4-2 installed in the rest of the outer wall. When constructing a near-zero energy consumption building, the L-shaped pre-embedded steel plate 4 -1 The length on the side of the window should not extend into the window frame or a smaller length into the window frame. The length of the L-shaped embedded steel plate 4-1 of the precast concrete sandwich panel on the side of the window should be the same as the thickness of the outer leaf concrete ( When installing the prefabricated concrete external thermal insulation board, the pre-embedded position of the L-shaped embedded steel plate 4-1 shall refer to the second embodiment); when installing the window, it is advisable to connect the inside and outside in a staggered manner, and fix the connecting iron piece 15 of the window to the indoor base wall 1, or Indoor windows have pre-embedded steel plates 4-3 (when the thermal insulation layer is thicker), the connecting iron pieces 15 for installing windows are connected to the indoor pre-embedded steel plates 4-3, and the indoor pre-embedded steel plates 4-3 of low-energy buildings are connected to the outdoor L-shaped pre-embedded steel plates 4-3. The embedded steel plate 4-1 should not be connected; the specification of the L-shaped embedded steel plate 4-1 should be convenient for installation of the attachments around the window; The leaf concrete 8-3 is anchored, and the embedded steel plate 4-2 installed at the rest of the outer wall is anchored with the outer leaf concrete 8-3, or the embedded steel plate 4-2 installed at the rest of the exterior wall and the precast concrete external insulation board are anchored with adhesive. or use adhesive to paste the embedded steel plate 4-2 installed in the rest of the outer wall with the EPS board when precast concrete external thermal insulation board; it can also be used after precast concrete sandwich panel and precast concrete external thermal insulation board are cured. The L-shaped embedded steel plate 4-1 is pasted on the window non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 and the EPS board in the outer protective layer 8-1 with the adhesive; the outer surface of the embedded steel plate 4 is level with the outer leaf concrete 8-3, see Figure 5, or The outer surface of the embedded steel plate 4 is flat with the EPS board of the precast concrete external thermal insulation board, as shown in Figure 2; 4-2 is a cold galvanized steel sheet with a thickness of not less than 4mm (thickness is better for anti-corrosion), and effective anti-corrosion measures are taken for the embedded steel plate 4 to ensure that the durability is not less than 50 years;

3) It is necessary to test the bonding of each layer and the installation of the embedded steel plate on the EPS board, and the loading test of the precast concrete sandwich panel of the outer wall or roof according to the simply supported board:

① First, conduct the bonding test between the cast-in-place concrete and the EPS board, and the damage should be on the EPS board instead of the bonding interface;

②The pre-embedded steel plate 4 is pasted to the EPS board with adhesive for bonding test, and the bonding test with the window non-combustible thermal insulation material such as vertical wire rock wool board is carried out, so as to damage the EPS board and the non-combustible thermal insulation material, not It is qualified at the bonding interface;

③On the basis of qualified bonding in the test, it is necessary to test different spans (such as 3.3m, 3.9m, 4.5m, 5.1m, 6m) and different section heights (such as section heights of 200mm, 250mm, 300mm, 350mm, 400mm). The prefabricated concrete sandwich panels of non-load-bearing exterior walls or roofs are subjected to the bending test of the normal section and the shear test of the inclined section according to the simply supported plate. This test is required for the flexural members of the precast concrete sandwich panels that are connected to each other. During the test, the thickness of the EPS board and the total thickness of the members are determined according to the combined value of different climatic zones and different horizontal loads, such as precast concrete clamps for external installation. For the core board, when the inner and outer leaves are bonded layer by layer, the thickness of the lightweight aggregate concrete is 50mm or the inner leaf is 60mm and the outer leaf is 40mm thick, which can meet the thickness requirements and fire resistance requirements of the bending and compressive layer of the flexural member. Under the premise that the thickness meets the fire resistance limit, the section height of the precast concrete sandwich panel can be changed by changing the thickness of the EPS board, and the rigidity and effective bending height of the component can be changed; Whether there is a problem with the bonding (if the layers are not well bonded, the materials of each layer cannot be stressed together, and the rigidity of the component is greatly reduced, and the deflection is large); the data of each applied load, deflection, cracks, and other tests should be recorded until the failure. The data must meet the requirements of the crack control level, and video recordings and other materials are appropriate, and the load when the deflection of the non-load-bearing external wall panel reaches 1/250 of the span, and the precast concrete sandwich roof panel when the allowable deflection limit is recorded shall be recorded. (The allowable deflection of the roof panel is different when the span is different), a component selection table should be made for design selection, so that the section stiffness can be increased by increasing the section height when the design requirements are not met. , This item is appropriate as a type inspection item; when installing non-load-bearing flexural wall panels, if the inner leaf concrete needs to be installed with basalt fiber mesh to prevent cracks, the basalt fiber mesh can be installed in the inner leaf concrete on the outside of the steel mesh. , the mesh side length of basalt fiber mesh cloth is 10-20mm;

The above precast concrete sandwich panels or precast concrete external insulation panels can be directly installed as prefabricated external wall panels without installing BFRP cloth, but the windows cannot be installed from the inner leaf concrete to the outer corners of the windows, and the thermal bridges around the windows cannot be eliminated. The standard for building near-zero energy consumption requires that the EPS board to be installed is very thick, and the safety of non-load-bearing walls, doors and windows installed in the frame structure may not be guaranteed. During strong winds and earthquakes, the corners of the windows may be cracked or even completely destroyed, and the joints of prefabricated components may not be guaranteed. Easy to crack, seams are thermal bridges, seams are not well sealed and waterproof.

4) further, also increase high-strength durable fiber cloth 3, described high-strength durable fiber cloth 3 is basalt fiber cloth 3, referred to as BFRP cloth 3, or other fiber cloth that can replace BFRP cloth; When BFRP cloth 3 is pasted on the outer leaf concrete 8-3 or on the surface of the outer protective layer 8-1 of the precast concrete external thermal insulation board, the pasting test of the pasted BFRP cloth 3 shall be carried out in advance:

① Carry out the bonding test of BFRP cloth and concrete, and stick a certain width of BFRP cloth strip (such as 100mm) to the concrete with adhesive for a certain length (such as 100mm), and the color of BFRP cloth should be deepened. Tensile strength test; the bonding test data is not less than a certain value, such as 8 to 10, and the average value of the test results is taken. If there is more than 10% of the test data, it should be discarded, but the final effective value should be not less than the specified number, such as not less than 5; so as to determine the width of the BFRP cloth that needs to be pasted with the base wall when the door and window meet the design requirements of the shear resistance capacity; on the basis of the self-inspection of the construction enterprise, it will be sent to the legal unit for inspection; if the BFRP cloth itself is tensile When the strength design value does not meet the requirements of shear resistance, the number of layers of BFRP cloth to be pasted should be increased, there should be a certain safety reserve, and the pasting range should meet the design requirements;

② Carry out the mutual bonding test of BFRP cloth, stick BFRP cloth strips of a certain width (such as 100mm) to each other for a certain length (such as 100mm), and the color of the BFRP cloth should be deepened. It is used to determine the parallel tensile strength of the overlapping and pasting between the BFRP fabrics, so as to determine the overlapping and pasting width required for the BFRP fabrics to meet the strength requirements of the overlapping and pasting. Testing; the test data is not less than a certain value, such as 8 to 10, and the average value of the test results is taken. If there is more than 10% of the test data, it should be rounded off, but the final valid value should not be less than the specified number, such as not less than 5; and Provide the test results, the adhesives used and the mix ratio to the construction and installation unit. Otherwise, the construction and installation unit needs to re-run these two tests before attaching the BFRP cloth to the inner leaf concrete of the door and window, because different adhesives and different mixing ratios will affect the test results;

5) When prefabricated concrete sandwich panels or prefabricated concrete external thermal insulation panels are used, the paving sequence of the materials on the prefabricated platform from bottom to top is different according to the equipment conditions of the prefabrication workshop, and is determined according to the convenience of prefabrication;

6) The organic insulation board 2 and the embedded steel plate 4 that meet the design requirements should be prepared in advance;

①The specification of organic thermal insulation board 2 should meet the requirements of stepped lap bonding or adhesive bonding at the vertical joint of the wall or the joint of the roof panel, the flatness should meet the requirements, and the EPS board of the outer wall and roof should minimize the joints (The large-size organic thermal insulation board that has not been cured is easy to warp, which is impossible.) The EPS board should minimize the joints. The EPS board is the best in the length direction of the non-load-bearing exterior wall and the main force direction of the roof panel. No joints (EPS boards can be up to 6m long, so this is easy to do), if there are joints with stepped lap joints with brushed adhesive bonding or plastic bolts (recommended), or flat When brushing or scraping the adhesive, the joints of the EPS board are bonded together (for example, it is convenient to use sanded epoxy resin adhesive for butt and paste, but it is not suitable for heating areas with thermal bridges), and the bonding should be reliable; prefabricated concrete clips The EPS board of the core board protrudes from the edge of the inner and outer leaf concrete slabs for a certain length at the joints of the adjacent board edges (for example, the non-load-bearing sandwich wall panel and the precast concrete sandwich roof panel protrude about 50mm, the precast concrete sandwich shear wall panel The joints need to be determined according to the design requirements for the width of the shear wall joints, that is, the width of the inner and outer leaf concrete of the precast concrete sandwich panels can be different, and the joints of the precast shear wall concrete are wider), and the edge joints of the EPS board can be stepped. , when the precast concrete sandwich panel is installed on the main structure, it is used for lap bonding and bonding, and it can also be used for brushing or scraping adhesive during flat installation. The sides of the seam should be bonded to each other (if there is a gap inserted into the EPS board strip, the two sides of the EPS board strip should be painted with adhesive), and the upper gap of the EPS board joint should be painted twice with waterproof sealing material for waterproof sealing. After drying for 1 time, paint the second time to ensure reliable waterproof sealing of the joints; when precasting the concrete sandwich panel, anchor the L-shaped embedded steel plate 4-1 and the remaining embedded steel plates 4-2 of the outer wall with the outer leaf concrete 8-3. , the L-shaped embedded steel plate 4-1 is also bonded to the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 on the side of the door and window, and the outer surface of the embedded steel plate 4 is level with the outer leaf concrete 8-3; when prefabricating the concrete external thermal insulation board, the L-shaped The embedded steel plate 4-1 and other pre-embedded steel plates 4-2 of the outer wall are bonded to the EPS board, and to the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 on the side of the door and window. After the adhesive pasting the embedded steel plate 4 is stabilized, the EPS board is placed on the platform. It is used for the production and processing of precast concrete external thermal insulation boards. It can also be used to paste the corner L-shaped embedded steel plate 4-1 and the window non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 to the outer protective layer 8-1 with adhesive after the precast concrete external thermal insulation board is cured. The surface of the inner EPS board, the outer surface of the embedded steel plate 4 is flat with the EPS board in the outer protective layer 8-1;

The EPS panels installed in the precast concrete sandwich panels of the roof in this embodiment are the same as the EPS panels installed on the roof slab concrete in Embodiment 2, in that they both play the role of heat preservation and waterproofing, but there are differences: the precast concrete in this embodiment When the sandwich panel is used as the roof panel and the outer wall panel of the frame structure, the EPS panel is a part of the bending member to participate in the force, so the sides of the EPS panels must be bonded together at the joints, otherwise the precast concrete clamp The core board may be broken and damaged at the joint; if the inner leaf concrete of the roof can meet its own bearing capacity, it is the same as the roof of the second embodiment. The sides of the joints of the EPS boards may not be pasted, but the upper gap of the butt joints should be waterproof. seal. It is uneconomical for prefabricated precast concrete sandwich roof panels to only use the inner leaf concrete to meet the flexural bearing capacity, because the mechanical performance of the EPS board cannot be exerted, and its flexural height is only the height of the inner leaf concrete, and the amount of steel used If the EPS board is bonded to the upper and lower concrete, the EPS board becomes a part of the force-bearing member and participates in the force. The rigidity is large, the deformation is small, the shearing bearing capacity is large, and the amount of steel used is small, which reflects "unity is strength"; therefore, it is very important to bond the sides of the EPS board joints into one;

② Make holes in the EPS board at a certain distance, such as the spacing of about 500mm and the hole diameter of about 10 to 15mm; thin-walled stainless steel tubes can be cut into inclined planes to make holes; the opening is to avoid gaps between the EPS board and the upper poured concrete Make it unable to bond with the poured concrete; otherwise, it is necessary to pour concrete on the EPS board first, turn it over after the EPS board is bonded with the poured concrete, and then pour the concrete on the other side of the EPS board, which is troublesome;

7) Paste and install the edge formwork strips of low-strength and cheap materials on the prefabricated platform, such as the edge formwork strips are EPS slats, check whether the size error of the prefabricated components is controlled within the allowable range;

8) Install steel mesh and pre-embedded steel plates 4 or pre-buried hoisting parts in the edge formwork strips, and the overhanging steel bars at the joints can be inserted into the edge formwork strips for mutual connection during installation at the construction site, and the embedded steel plates 4 Or there are pre-buried hoisting parts welded and anchored with the outer leaf or/and the inner leaf concrete reinforcement mesh, or the embedded steel plate 4 has been bonded and fixed with the EPS board;

9) Pour the outer leaf concrete 8-2 or the outer protective layer 8-1 or pour the inner leaf concrete 1, vibrate and level the poured concrete or cement mortar (the automatic platform has a vibration function to make the concrete compact and level, hold it on a simple platform Vibrator vibration and scraper leveling) to meet the thickness required by the design;

10) Apply adhesive to the entire area of the prepared EPS board. The adhesive coating should be moist and full, and should not be leaked. Place the EPS board with holes and coated with adhesive on the leveled concrete or outer protective layer. The placement position should be accurate. Roll the EPS board when the adhesive is wet, bond the EPS board to the concrete below, and then fill the EPS board or other insulation strips at the opening of the EPS board;

11) Apply adhesive on the entire surface of the EPS board. The adhesive coating should be moist and full, and should not be missed. Lay steel mesh on the EPS board, install pre-embedded steel plates 4 or pre-embedded hoisting parts (pre-embedded hoisting parts). The steel plate 4 is welded with the steel mesh), or the embedded steel plate 4 has been bonded and fixed with the EPS board. When the adhesive is wet, the inner leaf or outer leaf concrete or outer protective layer is poured and vibrated and flattened;

12) Precast the precast concrete sandwich panel or the precast concrete external thermal insulation board by steam or naturally, and determine whether to lay plastic film on the exposed concrete surface for water conservation and water conservation as needed;

13) Spot check or comprehensively check the reliability of layered bonding according to the following methods, and choose according to your needs:

① Lift the precast concrete sandwich panel to a certain height (such as 1m or 2m) with the vertical steel bars or pre-embedded hoisting parts of the lifting point at a certain height, and shake and drop suddenly without falling off, deformation and damage;

②Or use an endoscope to check whether each layer is bonded in local drilling, then plug the EPS board, and apply adhesive plaster on both sides to block it;

③Or for random inspection of non-load-bearing precast concrete sandwich panels or precast concrete external thermal insulation panels over a certain number, load according to simply supported panels. When the load reaches the design standard value, the deformation should not exceed the allowable value, then the deformation of the precast components meets the requirements, otherwise The reasons for reprocessing should be checked.

The external wall project needs to add BFRP cloth 3, and paste and install BFRP cloth 3 on the outer leaf concrete 8-3 of the precast concrete sandwich panel of the external wall or the outer protective layer 8-1 of the precast concrete external insulation board, and paste and install the BFRP cloth The construction method of 3 is:

1) The precast concrete sandwich panel or the precast concrete external thermal insulation board is cured, and the outer leaf concrete 8-3 or the outer protective layer 8-1 surface is relatively dry, paste and install BFRP cloth 3 (the water-soluble adhesive of BFRP cloth when it is wet) The prepared polymer dries very slowly, which affects the bonding speed, but does not require absolute drying of outer leaf concrete 8-3 or outer protective layer 8-1);

2) Check and accept the position and specifications of the embedded steel plate 4 installed on the outer leaf concrete 8-3 or the outer protective layer 8-1. If there is any mistake, correct it and attach it to the embedded steel plate 4 pasted on the precast concrete external thermal insulation board. Paste fire-proof and heat-insulating material 7, for example, fire-proof heat-insulating material 7 is ceramic fiberboard;

3) The construction method of pasting and installing BFRP cloth 3 on the outer leaf concrete 8-3 or the outer protective layer 8-1 is:

①Attach and install BFRP cloth 3 all: The width and length of BFRP cloth 3 should meet the overlapping length of each precast concrete sandwich panel or precast concrete external thermal insulation panel during installation, and also need to meet the design and installation of BFRP cloth 3 joint position The width and length of BFRP cloth should include the length of pasting BFRP cloth to the window sill wall and to the side wall of the window wall until the inner leaf concrete 1, including the part pasted on the side of the deformation joint, and the BFRP cloth 3 is prefabricated The upper and lower lengths of the concrete sandwich panel or the prefabricated concrete external thermal insulation board are determined according to the structure of the horizontal joints of the external wall prefabricated thermal insulation board; it is advisable to install the BFRP cloth 3 on an external wall prefabricated thermal insulation board as much as possible without joints, otherwise it will be troublesome; When cutting BFRP cloth 3, it is advisable to apply emulsion on the edge of BFRP cloth 3 to seal the edges;

②Partially pasted and installed BFRP cloth 3 (partially pasted and installed BFRP cloth 3 is not suitable for pasting on the outer protective layer 8-1 of the precast concrete external thermal insulation board, because the outer protective layer 8-1 is easy to crack, and the EPS board is heated and shrinks when there is a fire. The outer protective layer 8-1 will fall off): Paste and install BFRP cloth 3 on the side wall of the wall between the windows. Up to the pasting length on the inner leaf concrete 1, the BFRP cloth 3 is also pasted and installed on the edge of the joint of the precast concrete sandwich panel or the precast concrete external thermal insulation board, and a certain length of joint overlap is reserved; this part is pasted and installed with BFRP The key point of the cloth is to stick the BFRP cloth on the side of the door and window and the joint of the precast concrete sandwich panel or the precast concrete external thermal insulation board, which can save the BFRP cloth; if the precast concrete sandwich panel is partially pasted and installed with BFRP cloth, it is recommended that After the precast concrete sandwich panels are installed, it is more economical to paste and install BFRP cloth with the door and window openings as the center than to paste and install BFRP cloth during prefabrication, and paste the BFRP cloth to the joints of the adjacent precast concrete sandwich panels. The installation quantity at the joints is less; when the BFRP cloth is installed locally, the BFRP cloth cannot become a steel hoop along the perimeter of the building, which must be determined by the structural design according to the requirements of the relevant regulations for seismic fortification;

③ Or refer to Embodiment 1 or 2, paste and install BFRP cloth on the construction site, which can reduce the joints of BFRP cloth, but increase the workload of high-altitude work on the site; BFRP cloth can be pasted on the entire area of the construction site, or BFRP cloth can be pasted and installed locally; Precast concrete sandwich panels or precast concrete external thermal insulation panels are installed on the main structure and fixed, and the EPS panels are connected at the joints, and the inner and outer steel bars of the EPS panels are connected, and the inner and outer leaf concrete is pasted with BFRP cloth after pouring and curing;

④The pasting width of BFRP cloth 3 reserved for installation on the sidewall of the wall between the windows and the tensile bearing capacity of the BFRP cloth should meet the design requirements for the shear resistance of the BFRP cloth. If the design value of the tensile strength of the BFRP cloth itself is not When the shear resistance is met, the number of layers of BFRP cloth to be pasted should be increased, the pasting range should meet the design requirements, and there should be a certain safety reserve;

⑤ Brush or scrape the adhesive to paste the BFRP cloth 3 on the pasting part, and flatten the BFRP cloth with a scraper or trowel.

⑥ Install the prefabricated concrete sandwich panel or the prefabricated external thermal insulation panel into a prefabricated sandwich wall or install it as a prefabricated concrete wall. After the external thermal insulation wall is installed and fixed in place, cut the BFRP fabric horizontally up and down along the window at the construction site 3. Paste the BFRP cloth 3 to the indoor non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 on the side of the wall between the windows, and paste it to the inner leaf concrete 1. The bonding width of the BFRP cloth 3 and the inner leaf concrete 1 should meet the design requirements; or paste all the BFRP cloth 3 at the construction site. Or paste it partially, then cut the BFRP cloth 3 horizontally up and down the window and paste it to the side wall of the window;

⑦The BFRP cloth can also be pasted to the EPS slats, and the EPS slats pasted with the BFRP cloth can be used as the prefabricated EPS plate window sills and the four sides of the door window for the outdoor boarding window sills. The EPS board decorative lines are pasted to the BFRP cloth on the side of the front facade of the door and window, and fixed with screws and embedded L-shaped steel plates around the window; The tensile bearing capacity of the upper tensile steel bars of the outdoor window sill is required; other embodiments of the present invention can also install prefabricated EPS board window sill boards and prefabricated EPS board decorative lines according to this embodiment, which are equivalent replacements and are all within the protection scope of the present invention ;

⑧ After installing the window, apply adhesive and rub insulation mortar 16 or other non-combustible insulation materials on the BFRP cloth pasted on the side of the indoor window.

Further, the construction and installation method of installing the prefabricated concrete sandwich panel or the prefabricated concrete external thermal insulation panel into a prefabricated sandwich wall or as an assembled concrete external thermal insulation wall is:

According to the relevant regulations of the construction industry and design, after installing the prefabricated concrete sandwich panel or prefabricated external thermal insulation panel as a prefabricated sandwich wall or as a prefabricated concrete external thermal insulation wall or as a prefabricated roof in place and fixed, press The aforesaid brushing adhesive firstly pastes the EPS boards at the joints with stepped lap joints, or is also fixed with plastic bolts and gaskets or flat-faced, and then the prefabricated sandwich walls or prefabricated concrete external thermal insulation walls, or installed. For a prefabricated roof, after the EPS boards have been connected at the joint, the construction method for connecting the inner and outer leaf concrete or the outer protective layer at the joint is as follows:

1) External wall joint connection: connect the horizontal steel bars at the outer leaf concrete joints (welding is appropriate), apply adhesive on the outside of the EPS board at the joints and apply it to the side outer leaf concrete, along with the application of the adhesive With pouring or scraping and filling the outer leaf concrete at the joint (light-weight aggregate concrete is suitable), the joint concrete is cured and then the BFRP cloth at the joint is bonded and connected to each other; The steel bars to be connected are connected. When the inner leaf concrete 1 is a load-bearing shear wall, the joint width is large. Not only the horizontal steel bars should be connected, but also the vertical steel bars should be connected with sleeves. However, the joint width between the non-load-bearing sandwich concrete wall panels is different. It needs to be large, and can be the same joint width as the outer leaf concrete 8-3, and the outer leaf concrete 8-3 is set for fire protection, and the width between the adjacent outer leaf concrete can meet the requirements of the joint reinforcement connection and filling concrete, such as 50 ~ 100mm, that is, the width of the inner and outer leaf concrete can be different; according to the relevant fixing, connect the steel bars that need to be installed and connected at the joint of the inner leaf concrete 1, apply the adhesive on the inside of the EPS board, and apply it to the two sides of the inner leaf concrete side edge, along with the application of adhesive, along with pouring or scraping to fill the inner leaf concrete;

2) Roof joint connection: Connect the steel bars at the joints of the inner leaf concrete under the roof (welding is appropriate), apply the adhesive under the EPS board at the joint, and apply it to the inner leaf concrete on the side. Brush the adhesive along with the filling and scrape the inner leaf concrete at the joint; connect the steel bars that need to be connected at the outer leaf concrete joint on the roof (welding is appropriate), apply the adhesive on the EPS board at the joint, and brush to On the side of the outer leaf concrete on the two sides, along with the application of the adhesive, the outer leaf concrete at the roof gap is poured and vibrated;

The concrete at the butt joints should be covered with film for curing or sprinkled with water for curing. After curing the outer leaf concrete at the joint of the outer wall, the BFRP cloth at the joint should be pasted and connected to each other, and the concrete of the inner and outer leaf joints should be micro-expanded concrete.

The fire rating of the wall installed with precast concrete sandwich panels in this embodiment meets the highest level of fire protection requirements. It is simple to install pre-embedded steel plates on the outer leaf concrete 8-3 and install external wall attachments; this embodiment uses precast concrete external thermal insulation panels to install The fire rating of the wall meets the intermediate fire protection requirements. The structure for installing the external wall attachments is the same as that of the second embodiment. The connecting iron piece 15-1, the fire-proof and heat-insulating material 7, the BFRP cloth, and the structure of fixing the connecting iron piece 15-1 for installing the external wall attachment and the embedded steel plate 4 are equivalent replacements and are all within the protection scope of the present invention. Inside.

The construction and installation method of installing the precast concrete sandwich panel (low-grade ceramsite concrete sandwich panel is suitable) as the indoor partition heating partition wall is:

1) Fix the vertical steel bars or iron pieces on both sides of the precast concrete sandwich panel to the concrete floor, or/and place adhesive on the top and bottom of the organic insulation layer 2 to bond with the floor concrete. Because the amount of adhesive is very small, epoxy resin is used. Adhesive (sand can be added) or other adhesives such as polyurethane is more convenient than cement polymer mortar;

2) During prefabrication, in the length direction of the prefabricated concrete sandwich panel, the concrete slabs on both sides of the organic thermal insulation layer 2 can be retracted to a certain length, such as 10-30mm (that is, the concrete slabs on the two sides are slightly shorter); The gaps between the upper and lower sides of the sandwich panel are filled in real time (for example, when there are skirtings installed on the ground, decorative lines on the edge of the ceiling, or glazed tiles installed on the kitchen wall), the longitudinal section of the precast concrete sandwich panel can be flat;

3) During prefabrication, the organic thermal insulation layer 2 is wider than the concrete slab on the two sides by a certain width, such as about 50mm, on the side (ie, the vertical joint), and during installation, the vertical joint of the organic thermal insulation layer 2 is painted with adhesive. Or fix it with bolts and gaskets, or stick to the plane; find out the horizontal steel bar connection at the vertical joint of the concrete slab during installation, such as binding and spot welding at a certain distance;

4) Apply adhesive on both sides of the exposed organic thermal insulation layer 2 at the vertical joint, and apply it to the side concrete plate, and then cast the concrete in sections to bond with the organic thermal insulation layer 2; there is resistance on the outer surface. The crack-resistant mesh is suitable, and the anti-crack mesh is basalt fiber mesh with good durability. It is advisable to use a milling cutter to plan off about 5mm thick concrete on both sides of the vertical joint (it can be planed off with a milling cutter at the factory). , Apply adhesive to the aerated concrete grooves planed by the milling cutter and paste the crack-resistant mesh cloth to install the formwork at the joints, and then pour the concrete at the joints. Putty leveling;

5) When the length direction of the two sides of the concrete slab is retracted to a certain length, apply the adhesive to the gap between the upper and lower ends of the installed concrete sandwich panel and the concrete floor, and fill the gap with cement mortar, and the cement mortar and the intermediate organic heat preservation Layer 2, the two sides of the concrete are bonded to the floor, and the surface of the jointed concrete is covered with film or sprinkled for health.

Embodiment 4: As shown in Figures 8 and 9, an energy-saving thermal insulation wall and roof of this embodiment is a prefabricated concrete sandwich panel, and a prefabricated sandwich panel of a frame structure installed with a prefabricated concrete sandwich panel. wall, installation of indoor separation heating partition walls, or installation of prefabricated sandwich roof panels; the precast concrete sandwich panels include inner leaf concrete 1, organic thermal insulation layer 2, outer leaf concrete 8-3 of the outer wall or outer leaf of the roof Concrete 8-2; the inner leaf concrete 1 and outer leaf concrete 8-3 and the outer leaf concrete 8-2 of the roof are prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete panels, or the inner leaf concrete 1 or the prefabricated sandwich roof panel. Also, the outer leaf concrete 8-2 is an autoclaved aerated concrete slab, or the outer leaf concrete 8-2 is the concrete poured during prefabrication (the strength of the aerated concrete is low, and the roof may require the outer leaf concrete 8-2 to be poured) After installation, the outer leaf concrete 8-2 of the aerated concrete slab can be painted with adhesive and then poured with 20mm-30mm fine stone concrete); the organic thermal insulation layer 2 is EPS board, or the organic thermal insulation layer 2 When using rigid foam insulation board, it needs to be proved by tests that it has the ability to adapt to deformation in long-term use, the bonding interface is not damaged, and the durability meets the requirements. Rigid foam insulation board, such as XPS board, can also be used; non-combustible insulation material 9 is installed on the side of the door and window, and the EPS board protrudes from the vertical joint of the prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich board to a certain width such as about 50mm, which is convenient for connecting the joints during installation. The horizontal joint should be determined according to the horizontal joint structure selected in the design. The inner leaf concrete, the organic insulation layer and the outer leaf concrete are bonded and connected layer by layer with adhesive to form a prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich panel, and a prefabricated steamed concrete sandwich panel. The sandwich panel composed of autoclaved aerated concrete and ordinary concrete is collectively referred to as the autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich panel.

The prefabrication method and installation method of the prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich panel are:

1) It should meet the general regulations of the construction industry. For example, the quality of materials should meet the relevant regulations of national standards and industry standards. The prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich panel installed on the outside of the frame structure should meet the corresponding technical requirements according to the designed wall type. regulations; the layered structure, reinforcement installation, and appearance quality of autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich panels should comply with relevant technical standards and design regulations, and implement a quality certification system; material storage and finished product protection, storage, packaging and transportation should be In accordance with the corresponding regulations, the layered bonding test should be carried out in advance. The tensile strength (ie, the bonding force between layers) should not be less than the industry standard. A special person should be responsible for configuring the adhesive, and the mixing ratio should be accurate. Control is appropriate. On the basis of qualified self-inspection of the construction enterprise, the items that need to be inspected by the legal unit should be inspected by the legal unit. The specifications, reinforcement, strength grade, appearance quality, inspection and testing of prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich panels should be provided. A series of technical materials such as reports and concealed engineering records, enterprises should provide self-inspection reports and necessary type inspection reports when prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich panels leave the factory; prefabricated enterprises should have fire prevention measures, etc.;

2) The prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich panel should be further designed according to the design requirements, the prefabricated concrete sandwich panels of the exterior wall or roof or indoor partition wall should be divided into grids, and the component processing drawings (including reinforcement drawings) should be prepared. The organic thermal insulation layer 2 in the autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich panel protrudes a certain width from the outside of the inner and outer leaf concrete at the vertical joints of the wall and the adjacent joints (non-support joints) of the roof panel. Connect the organic thermal insulation layer 2 at the joint, and the protruding width of the organic thermal insulation layer 2 is determined according to the width of the cast-in-place concrete at the joint, such as 50mm; the window installation is indicated on the drawing of the prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich panel for the exterior wall. Non-combustible thermal insulation material 9, indicating the embedded position and specification of the embedded steel plate 4 and the embedded hoisting piece installed on the inner and outer leaf concrete and the side of the window, the embedded steel plate 4 has the outdoor window corner L-shaped embedded steel plate 4-1 and The pre-embedded steel plates 4-2 installed on the remaining positions of the leaf concrete 8-3, and the pre-embedded steel plates 4-4 on the upper part of the roof marked on the drawings of the prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich roof, or installed under the roof canopy Pre-embedded steel plates 4-5. If it is inconvenient to install several pre-embedded steel plates during prefabrication of autoclaved aerated concrete slabs, pre-embedded steel plates can be installed later. Connect with the anchoring steel bar and bond with the autoclaved aerated concrete slab; if the stiffness of the side wall between the windows is not enough (the elastic modulus of the aerated concrete is too low, the stiffness of the side wall between the windows may be insufficient when the window is large and the wall between the windows is narrow. ), the full length L-shaped thin-walled steel plate can be pasted and installed on the concrete of the inner and outer leaves of the wall between the windows. The L-shaped thin-walled steel plate specifications and steel varieties should meet the design requirements, and may need to be placed on the outside of the L-shaped thin-walled steel plate at a certain distance. Then stick steel strips on the sides (to install thermal insulation decorative lines and anti-theft fences around doors and windows), and install L-shaped embedded steel plates 4-1 at a certain distance at the edge of the outdoor corner of the window sill wall to meet the requirements of installing windows and installing attachments around doors and windows. Requirements; take effective anti-corrosion measures for embedded steel plates to ensure a durability of not less than 50 years;

3) Carry out the following tests with reference to Embodiment 3:

① Bond the autoclaved aerated concrete board and the EPS board for the bonding test, and bond the cast-in-place concrete board and the EPS board for the bonding test. The damage should be located on the EPS board rather than at the bonding interface;

②Install the embedded steel plate on the autoclaved concrete slab for testing, including welding with the steel bars in the autoclaved concrete slab and bonding with the adhesive;

③The loading test of prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich panels for external walls or roofs shall be carried out as simply supported panels:

The elastic modulus of autoclaved aerated concrete is small, and the prefabricated manufacturer has never prefabricated the autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich panel. The prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich panel shall be subjected to the bending test of the normal section and the shear resistance test of the inclined section according to the simply supported panel. It should conform to mechanics and concrete structure theory, if not, check whether there is any problem with layered bonding; record the test data of each applied load, deflection, cracks, and even failure, etc., and meet the requirements of crack control level, and have video recording and other information is appropriate; the load when the deflection of the external wall panel reaches 1/250 of the span, and the load when the prefabricated autoclaved concrete sandwich roof panel reaches the allowable deflection limit should be recorded, and a component selection table should be made for design selection. On the basis of self-inspection, the inspection shall be carried out by the statutory unit, which is appropriate as a type inspection item; if the exterior wall panels or roof panels exceed a certain number, a loading test shall be carried out by random inspection as a factory certificate;

This embodiment may need to control cracks in the autoclaved aerated concrete of the inner leaf. If it is necessary to control cracks, it is advisable to install basalt fiber mesh cloth on the outside of the concrete reinforcement mesh of the inner leaf when prefabricating the autoclaved aerated concrete slab to prevent cracks. The tensile strength of basalt fiber mesh cloth is determined by testing;

4) Prepare autoclaved aerated concrete panels, organic thermal insulation panels 2 and pre-embedded steel plates 4 that meet the design requirements; the other sides of the autoclaved aerated concrete panels except the side of the door and window should be chiseled; the flatness of the EPS board Should meet the requirements, the EPS board should minimize joints. The EPS board should preferably have no joints in the length direction of the wall between the windows and the main force direction of the roof panel. It is integrated, or the adhesive is brushed or scraped on the plane to connect the sides of the EPS board joints into one (for example, it is convenient to use sanded epoxy resin adhesive to butt and paste, but it is not suitable to use thermal bridges in heating areas), Reliable bonding should be ensured through tests; the vertical joints of the EPS panels on the edge of the adjacent prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich panels can be stepped, or they can be pressed and pasted with flat-painted adhesives (such as the above-mentioned ring with sand added). Oxygen resin adhesive), the EPS board should reserve a squeeze margin such as 2mm, which should be tested to ensure reliable bonding; the EPS board joints in the prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich panel on the roof should be bonded to each other. , In the upper gap of the EPS board joint, the waterproof sealing material should be painted twice for waterproof sealing. After the first pass is dried, the second pass should be painted to ensure the reliable waterproof sealing of the joint;

5) Scrape the adhesive on the aerated concrete board on one side, or/and on the prepared EPS board, bond the EPS board with the aerated concrete board, and roll the EPS board; Brush or scrape the adhesive on one side, or/and scrape it onto the aerated concrete slab on the other side, bond the aerated concrete slab on the other side with the EPS slab, and roll the bonded autoclaved aerated concrete For the sandwich panel, the specifications should meet the design requirements, and the error should not exceed the allowable value; the organic thermal insulation layer 2 of the prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich panel around the door and window is a non-combustible thermal insulation material 9, with a thickness of 50mm;

6) Or also widen the prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich panel, because now the aerated concrete panels are all 600mm wide, in order to reduce the workload of the construction site joints and improve the degree of assembly, the prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete needs to be Widening the sandwich panel: ① Connect the reinforcing bars of the adjacent autoclaved aerated concrete panels at the joints to achieve the width of the prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich panels that meet the design requirements, and apply the interface agent to the EPS panels in the joints On the aerated concrete slabs with chiseled hair on the top and sides, the concrete in the filling joints (lightweight aggregate concrete is suitable) is bonded to the EPS slab and bonded to the aerated concrete slab; ② as above, connect the EPS slab to the widened The autoclaved aerated concrete board is bonded, and the EPS board is rolled; ③The autoclaved aerated concrete board is bonded to the installed EPS board as above, and the adjacent autoclaved aerated concrete board is installed on the side as above. The autoclaved aerated concrete slabs are connected with steel bars, and the concrete in the joints is filled; the autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich panels that have been bonded and widened are rolled, and the specifications and errors should be within the allowable range. It is advisable to stagger the EPS board joints in the prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich panel and the joints of the two sides of the aerated concrete slabs; the prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich panels for the outer wall are separated according to It is advisable to divide the door and window openings, so that the prefabrication is simple, the transportation is convenient, and the installation is convenient; install the embedded steel plate 4, and the outer surface of the embedded steel plate 4 should be flush with the aerated concrete of the inner and outer leaves (pre-cut grooves with a milling cutter), paste Install the embedded steel plate 4, or weld the embedded steel plate 4 with the steel mesh of the inner and outer leaf aerated concrete, or use the adhesive to bond the embedded steel plate 4 to the inner and outer leaf aerated concrete (it is advisable to use welding and bonding at the same time) , Check and accept the installation position and specifications of the embedded steel plate, and correct it if there is any mistake;

7) It is advisable to prefabricate a widened autoclaved aerated concrete slab, such as 750mm wide, which can be combined with the existing 600mm wide autoclaved aerated concrete slab, which can meet the specifications of 1.5m to 2.1m in width between the windows or Wider, reduce splicing joints, improve the degree of assembly of window walls, gables and roof panels; it is technically feasible to increase autoclaved aerated concrete slabs with a width of 750mm, but if you increase the autoclaved aerated concrete panels with a width of 900mm, Air-concrete slabs are technically difficult to achieve;

8) Spot-check or comprehensively check the reliability of layered bonding for prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich panels. The flexural member of the simply supported plate is subjected to a loading test. When the load reaches the design standard value, the deformation (deflection) should not exceed the allowable value. Refer to the third embodiment to control the cracks to meet the requirements of the crack control level. If the deformation does not meet the requirements, the reasons should be checked. Rework;

9) When the outer leaf concrete 8-2 of the prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich roof panel is cast-in-place concrete, after the autoclaved aerated concrete slab 1 of the inner leaf is bonded to the EPS board, the same as the third embodiment, the EPS slab The entire area of the board is painted with adhesive, and the adhesive coating should be moist and full. Lay the steel mesh of the outer leaf concrete 8-2 on the EPS board, install the pre-embedded steel plate 4 or pre-buried hoisting parts to pour the outer leaf concrete 8-2 And vibrate flat.

Further, it also adds high-strength and durable fiber cloth 3, which is basalt fiber cloth 3, referred to as BFRP cloth 3, or other fiber cloth that can replace BFRP cloth; prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete on the outer wall. When BFRP cloth is pasted on the outer surface of the sandwich panel and the side of the window, it is necessary to carry out the pasting test on the surface of the prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete panel. Refer to Embodiment 3; paste BFRP on the prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich panel The method of fabric 3 is the same as the third embodiment, and the method of installing the prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich panel as an outer wall panel or as a roof panel is also the same as the third embodiment, which is an equivalent replacement and should be included in the present invention. within the scope of protection.

The construction and installation method of installing the prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich panel as a non-load-bearing outer wall, as a roof panel, and installation of an indoor partition heating partition wall is the same as that of the third embodiment, and it is an equivalent replacement, which is all within the protection scope of the present invention. . There is currently no autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich panel and its installed exterior walls, partition walls, and roof panels, which limits its application in building near-zero energy buildings.

Embodiment 5: An energy-saving thermal insulation wall and roof of this embodiment, the energy-saving thermal insulation wall is a semi-finished thermal insulation board of autoclaved aerated concrete, and the semi-finished thermal insulation board of autoclaved aerated concrete is connected with the thermal insulation board at the construction site. The semi-fabricated sandwich concrete wall with cast-in-place inner leaf concrete bonded and compounded; or the prefabricated concrete sandwich wall with the autoclaved aerated concrete semi-finished insulation board and the cast-in-place inner leaf concrete bonded and compounded on the prefabricated platform The prefabricated concrete sandwich wall panel is then installed as a fully assembled sandwich concrete wall; the autoclaved aerated concrete semi-finished insulation panel is composed of an organic insulation layer 2, a high-strength durable fiber cloth 3, and an autoclaved aerated concrete panel. The outer leaf concrete is composed of 8-3; the high-strength durable fiber cloth is basalt fiber cloth, referred to as BFRP cloth, or other fiber cloth that can replace BFRP cloth; the organic thermal insulation layer 2 is EPS board, or the organic thermal insulation layer When layer 2 is a rigid foam insulation board, it needs to be proved by tests that it has the ability to adapt to deformation in long-term use, the bonding interface is not damaged, and the durability meets the requirements; brush or scrape the adhesive to make EPS boards, autoclaved aerated concrete boards. The outer leaf concrete 8-3 is bonded; brush or scrape the adhesive to paste the BFRP cloth on the outer leaf concrete 8-3 of the autoclaved aerated concrete board to form the autoclaved aerated concrete semi-finished insulation board; or the semi-finished product is insulated The board is placed on the prefabricated platform, the adhesive is painted on the EPS board of the semi-finished insulation board, and the inner leaf concrete is poured (the inner leaf concrete 1 is a load-bearing shear wall when the joint width is larger, and the outer leaf of the autoclaved aerated concrete board is Concrete 8-3 is set up for fire prevention. The concrete gap of the outer leaf of the autoclaved aerated concrete slab can be small, such as 50-100mm, which can meet the requirements of the joint reinforcement connection and filling concrete, that is, the width of the inner and outer leaf concrete can be different. ) to form precast concrete sandwich wall panels;

The autoclaved aerated concrete semi-finished insulation board is used as the outer formwork of the cast-in-place inner leaf concrete 1 at the construction site, and the EPS board joints are first lapped and pasted (or plastic Bolt and gasket fixation) or butt joint connection, connect the steel bars at the 8-3 joint of the autoclaved aerated concrete slab of the outer leaf (welding is suitable), and at the joint at the outside of the EPS slab and the side of the adjacent aerated concrete slab Apply adhesive, pour or repair the concrete at the gap (light-weight aggregate concrete is suitable) to bond with the EPS board, bond with the side aerated concrete board, and then connect the BFRP cloth at the joint to form a certain strength. The outer formwork of the cast-in-place inner leaf concrete 1; it is advisable to have a horizontal dovetail groove on the inner side of the EPS board, and then connect the steel bars of the inner leaf concrete 1 according to the relevant regulations, and paint or/and paint on the side of the dovetail groove of the EPS board. Spray the adhesive along with pouring the inner concrete. When pouring the inner concrete, the height of each pouring should not exceed a certain height. Then paint or/and spray the adhesive and then pour the inner concrete. Connect the EPS board in the semi-finished external thermal insulation board with the cast-in-place inner concrete. Bonding or occlusal connection as a whole, installed as a semi-fabricated sandwich concrete wall; or at the construction site, the EPS boards of the joints of the precast concrete sandwich wall panels are bonded and connected, and then the EPS boards at the joints are connected as above. The steel bars in the leaf concrete are connected, and then the inner and outer leaf concrete at the gap is poured or repaired in the same way, and then the BFRP cloth at the joint is connected to install it into a fully assembled sandwich concrete wall.

The bonding method of the outer leaf concrete 8-3 of the autoclaved aerated concrete board and the EPS board and the method of widening the autoclaved aerated concrete board are the same as those in the fourth embodiment, which are equivalent replacements; The method of installing the embedded steel plate 4 on the outer leaf concrete 8-3 and the side of the door and window, and pasting the BFRP cloth 3 on the surface of the outer leaf concrete 8-3 and the side of the door and window is the same as that of the third embodiment or and/or the fourth embodiment. It is an equivalent replacement; the method and structure of installing the attachments around the window and the outer wall are the same as those in the third embodiment, which are equivalent replacements and should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiment 6: As shown in Figures 1 and 4, an energy-saving thermal insulation wall and roof of this embodiment is a semi-finished prefabricated thermal insulation board; the semi-finished prefabricated thermal insulation board is installed on the base wall at the construction site to carry out the outer wall. External thermal insulation, or use semi-finished prefabricated thermal insulation board as the formwork of cast-in-place concrete to install semi-fabricated concrete wall external thermal insulation and energy-saving wall at the construction site, or bond semi-finished prefabricated thermal insulation board with poured concrete on the prefabricated platform to form Prefabricated concrete thermal insulation wall panels are installed as prefabricated concrete external thermal insulation and energy-saving walls; the semi-finished prefabricated thermal insulation panels are composed of thermal insulation layer 2, high-strength durable fiber cloth 3, and embedded steel plates 4; Durable fiber cloth 3 is basalt fiber cloth, referred to as BFRP cloth, or other fiber cloths that can replace BFRP cloth; the insulation layer 2 is EPS board, or when the insulation layer 2 adopts rigid foam insulation board or other inorganic insulation board, it needs to go through The test proves that it has the ability to adapt to deformation in long-term use, the bonding interface is not damaged, and the durability meets the requirements; the embedded steel plate 4 includes the L-shaped embedded steel plate 4-1 at the corner of the window and the embedded steel plate 4-1 at the rest of the outer wall. 2; Use adhesive to install the L-shaped embedded steel plate 4-1 to the corner of the door and window to bond with the EPS board, and to bond with the door and window insulation layer 2. It is necessary to paste the embedded steel plate 4-2 to the EPS board with adhesive. The position where the attachments on the outer wall are installed (it can be installed during prefabrication or installed on the construction site), it is advisable to ensure that the durability of the embedded steel plate 4 is not less than 50 years; The bearing capacity should not be less than the tensile force generated by the most unfavorable load combination value of the weight of the external wall attachment and the negative wind pressure, and a certain safety reserve is required; after installing the embedded steel plate 4, paste the BFRP cloth 3 on the EPS board with adhesive , to form a semi-finished prefabricated insulation board that is bonded and connected with BFRP cloth 3 and installed with embedded steel plates; or also paint the surface of BFRP cloth 3 with adhesive and plaster cement mortar, or paste dry sticky stone, water brush stone decoration or install glazed tiles As for the non-combustible protective layer 18, the exterior wall decoration layer and fire protection layer can be installed in the prefabrication stage, and can also be installed in the construction stage, as shown in Figure 4.

Or further, a non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 is also added, and the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 is pasted on the EPS board with an adhesive, and the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 is pasted on the side of the door and window as the door and window thermal insulation layer, such as the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 is vertical filament rock. Cotton board or foamed cement, when the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 is vertical fiber rock wool board, use adhesive to bond it to the EPS board. When the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 is foamed cement, brush the adhesive on the EPS board, and the brushed adhesive It should be moist and full, as the adhesive is applied and the foamed cement is poured, the foamed cement will bond with the EPS board after curing; then paste the BFRP cloth 3 on the non-combustible insulation material 9 (the foamed cement needs to be cured until it is relatively dry. Paste BFRP cloth) to form a semi-finished composite prefabricated thermal insulation board with non-combustible thermal insulation material and thermal insulation layer; according to the different requirements of the designed building fire protection grade, the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 is selected with different thicknesses, as shown in Figure 1; as described in Embodiment 1, the thermal insulation layer 2. When using rigid foam insulation board or other inorganic insulation board or other insulation board coatings for decoration, it is advisable to use plastic anchor bolts to pass through BFRP cloth 3, insulation layer 2 and base wall 1;

The method of pasting the BFRP cloth 3 on the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 is the same as that of the first embodiment, but this embodiment is on the platform. , Non-combustible thermal insulation material 9. It is advisable to fix the EPS board and the inner concrete 1; the semi-finished prefabricated thermal insulation board or the semi-finished composite prefabricated thermal insulation board is used as the outer formwork of the cast-in-place inner concrete wall to form a semi-fabricated concrete external thermal insulation energy-saving wall and its implementation 5 is the same; or put the semi-finished prefabricated insulation board on the platform, apply adhesive on the EPS board and bond with the poured inner concrete 1 to form a prefabricated concrete insulation wall board, and install the prefabricated concrete insulation wall board as prefabricated concrete The external thermal insulation energy-saving wall is the same as the fifth embodiment. The above-installed semi-fabricated concrete external thermal insulation and energy-saving walls or the installed prefabricated concrete external thermal insulation and energy-saving walls are equivalent replacements, and are all within the scope of the patent protection of the present invention.

When the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 is pasted on the outside of the EPS board in this embodiment, the structure of the energy-saving thermal insulation wall is the same as that of the first embodiment. Therefore, the energy-saving thermal insulation wall of this embodiment adopts the fireproof structure of Embodiment 1, which is an equivalent replacement and should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. However, the first embodiment is used for the on-site external wall thermal insulation project, while the present embodiment is an external thermal insulation energy-saving wall project that is prefabricated and installed as a prefabricated or semi-assembled installation.

The prefabricated processing method and installation method of the semi-finished prefabricated insulation board or the semi-finished composite prefabricated insulation board are:

1) It should comply with the general regulations of the construction industry, such as the material quality should comply with the relevant regulations of national standards and industry standards, the layered structure of prefabricated prefabricated thermal insulation wall panels or semi-finished prefabricated thermal insulation panels, and the appearance quality should comply with technical standards and design regulations, Implement quality certification system; technical quality control measures, material storage and product protection, storage, packaging and transportation should comply with the corresponding regulations, the layered bonding test should be carried out in advance, and the tensile strength should not be less than the industry standard. There is a special person responsible for the preparation of the adhesive. It is advisable to automatically control the preparation of the adhesive and the preparation of the concrete. The mixing ratio should be accurate. Each batch of concrete poured should have test pieces. The unit inspection shall be inspected by the legal unit, and the specifications, reinforcement, strength grade, appearance quality, inspection report, and concealed engineering records of the prefabricated thermal insulation wall panels used for installing the fully assembled wall shall be provided, and fire prevention measures shall be taken before leaving the factory. To carry out a series of technical data such as component inspection and acceptance, the enterprise should provide a self-inspection report when leaving the factory; the enterprise should provide a self-inspection report and necessary type inspection report when leaving the factory; prefabricated enterprises should have fire prevention measures, etc.;

2) Carry out in-depth design of prefabricated or semi-fabricated external thermal insulation and energy-saving walls, determine the division of prefabricated thermal insulation wall panels or semi-finished prefabricated thermal insulation panels, and prepare component processing drawings (including reinforcement drawings); mark on the EPS board and the side of the window The position where the pre-embedded steel plate 4 is installed is marked with the installation of the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 on the side of the window; the pre-embedded steel plate 4 has the L-shaped pre-embedded steel plate 4-1 at the corner outside the window and the pre-embedded steel plate 4-2 installed in the rest of the outer wall, L The length of the embedded steel plate 4-1 on the side of the window should not extend into the window frame or into the window frame with a smaller length. When installing the window, it is advisable to install and fix it inside and outside. 1 connection, or the indoor window has embedded steel plate 4-3, the connecting iron piece 15 is connected with the indoor embedded steel plate 4-3, and the indoor embedded steel plate 4-3 of the low-energy building is not connected with the outdoor L-shaped embedded steel plate 4-1. It should be connected; the specification of L-shaped embedded steel plate 4-1 should be convenient for installation of the external wall attachments around the window. Construction convenience requirements, the outer surface of the embedded steel plate 4 is flat with the EPS board; effective anti-corrosion measures are taken for the embedded steel plate to ensure the durability. not less than 50 years;

3) It is necessary to bond and install the embedded steel plate 4 on the EPS board layer by layer, paste and install the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 on the EPS board, and paste the BFRP cloth for testing:

① Conduct the bonding test between the cast-in-place concrete and the EPS board, and the damage should be on the EPS board instead of the bonding interface;

②When installing the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 on the outside of the EPS board, conduct a bonding test between the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 and the EPS board in advance, and the tensile strength perpendicular to the board surface should not be less than the specified value;

③ The bonding test of the embedded steel plate 4 and the EPS board is carried out in advance, and the bonding test of the embedded steel plate 4 and the vertical wire rock wool board is carried out. The damage should be on the EPS board or the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9, not on the bonding interface;

④ Carry out the bonding test of BFRP cloth 3 and EPS board, and carry out the bonding test of BFRP cloth 3 and non-combustible thermal insulation material 9. The vertical tensile strength should not be less than the specified value;

⑤ Carry out the bonding test of BFRP cloth 3 and concrete: paste a certain width of BFRP cloth strip with adhesive and concrete for a certain length, the applied adhesive should seep out of BFRP cloth, and conduct parallel tensile strength testing after curing; there is a lot of adhesive test data At a certain value, take the average value of the test results. If there is more than 10% of the test data, discard it, but the final effective value should not be less than the specified number; to determine the shear resistance capacity of the door window to meet the design requirements, the BFRP cloth needs to be combined with the design requirements. The width of the base wall pasted; on the basis that the construction enterprise has passed the self-inspection, it will be sent to the legal unit for inspection; if the design value of the tensile strength of the BFRP fabric itself does not meet the shear resistance capacity, the number of layers of the pasted BFRP fabric should be increased. There should be a certain safety reserve, and the pasting range should meet the design requirements;

⑥ Carry out the bonding test between BFRP cloth 3: stick BFRP cloth strips of a certain width to each other for a certain length, the applied adhesive should seep out of the BFRP cloth. The parallel tensile strength of lap bonding and bonding can determine the lap bonding width required for the BFRP fabric to meet the strength requirements such as lap bonding; on the basis of passing the self-inspection of the construction enterprise, it is sent to the legal unit for testing; the bonding test data does not If the value is less than a certain value, the average value of the test results shall be taken. If there is more than 10% of the test data, it shall be discarded, but the final effective value shall not be less than the specified number; the test results and mix ratios of ⑤ and ⑥ shall also be provided to the on-site installation unit. It is appropriate to guide the installation; 4) EPS boards that meet the design requirements should be prepared in advance, and the embedded steel plates 4 that meet the specifications and anti-corrosion requirements and the embedded steel plates 4 to be installed should be prepared;

The flatness of the EPS board should meet the requirements, and the EPS board should minimize joints. The EPS board should preferably have no joints in the length direction of the wall between the windows. There is a plastic anchor bolt connection), or when the joint is flat, brush or scrape the adhesive to bond the opposite sides of the EPS board as a whole (for example, it is convenient to use sanded epoxy resin adhesive for butt and paste, but there is a thermal bridge for heating region as far as possible), should ensure reliable bonding;

5) Scribe on the prefabricated platform, place EPS boards within the scribing range, and bond the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 (such as vertical fiber rock wool board) to the EPS board on the inner side of the door window or add plastic anchor bolts to fix it. The vertical joints of the EPS boards at the edge of the vertical joints of the adjacent prefabricated thermal insulation wall panels or semi-finished prefabricated thermal insulation boards can be stepped, or they can be pressed and pasted on the opposite side of the flat surface with adhesive; the L-shaped embedded steel plate 4-1 can be glued with adhesive. Bond with the other pre-embedded steel plates 4-2 of the outer wall and the EPS board, and with the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 at the corner of the door and window, check and accept the position, specification and quantity of the installed pre-embedded steel plates, and correct them if there are any mistakes;

6) After the adhesive for sticking the embedded steel plate 4 on the EPS board is cured, paste the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 on the EPS board, brush and scrape the adhesive on the EPS board, and bond the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 to the EPS board. The thickness and material of the thermal insulation material 9 should meet the design requirements; when the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 is poured foam cement, it should be well maintained;

7) The installation of BFRP cloth 3 on the EPS board or on the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 shall meet the following requirements:

①The width and length of BFRP cloth 3 should meet the overlapping length of each semi-finished prefabricated insulation board or semi-finished composite prefabricated insulation board. Including the width and length of the BFRP cloth pasted on the window sill wall or on the side wall of the door and window, including the pasting part on the side of the deformation joint, the pasting width of the BFRP cloth installed on the side of the door and window openings and the inner leaf concrete and the BFRP The tensile bearing capacity of the cloth should meet the shear bearing capacity requirements of the door and window openings specified in the design, and there should be a certain safety reserve; if the design value of the tensile strength of the BFRP cloth itself does not meet the shear bearing capacity, the pasted BFRP should be added. The number of layers of cloth should have a certain safety reserve, and the pasting range should comply with the design requirements; the length of the BFRP cloth at the horizontal joint is determined according to the design of the horizontal joint of the prefabricated wall; when cutting the BFRP cloth, coat the edge of the BFRP cloth It is advisable to use lotion to seal the edges;

② Apply adhesive to the EPS board and paste BFRP cloth 3, scrape the BFRP cloth 3 with a scraper, the color of the BFRP cloth should be deepened. For semi-finished prefabricated thermal insulation boards used for external thermal insulation, the door and window openings should be accurately dimensioned, or the surface of BFRP cloth 3 should be coated with adhesive and decorative surface materials, such as curtain wall decorative boards, facing bricks, dry sticky stone, water brushed stone, etc.;

③ When pasting the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 on the EPS board, brush or scrape the adhesive on the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 to paste the BFRP cloth 3, scrape the BFRP cloth 3 with a scraper, and the color of the BFRP cloth should be darkened. When the thermal insulation material 9 is a vertical fiber rock wool board, the cement polymer mortar should be brushed or scraped on the exposed rock wool at the joints or outside corners of the vertical fiber rock wool board to bond with the vertical fiber rock wool board. After the polymer mortar is cured, the BFRP cloth is pasted;

8) Use this semi-finished prefabricated insulation board or semi-finished composite prefabricated insulation board as the formwork of the cast-in-place concrete 1, connect the EPS board at the joint or connect the non-combustible insulation material at the joint, connect the BFRP cloth at the joint, and install The external thermal insulation wall that becomes the semi-fabricated concrete wall; or the prefabricated concrete external thermal insulation wall panel is installed as the external thermal insulation concrete shear wall or the non-load-bearing external thermal insulation wall installed as a frame structure according to the relevant regulations. The EPS board is connected at the joint, or the non-combustible thermal insulation material is also connected at the joint, and the BFRP cloth at the joint is connected, and then constructed according to the external wall structure determined by the design (the connection structure of the shear wall and the non-load-bearing concrete wall is different) to form a satisfactory For semi-fabricated or prefabricated external thermal insulation and energy-saving walls with different fire protection requirements, some external wall decoration can be completed in the prefabrication stage, and the external wall decoration at the joints can be supplemented at the construction site.

In this embodiment, if the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 is not pasted on the EPS board, the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 can be installed on the outside of the BFRP cloth 3 on the construction site, and then the curtain wall decorative board can be installed on the outside of the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9. Buried steel plate 4 connections. It is also necessary to refer to other structural measures of the foregoing embodiments to meet the fire protection requirements, but increase the amount of installation work on the construction site.

Embodiment 7: As shown in Figure 12, an energy-saving thermal insulation wall and roof of this embodiment is composed of a base wall 1, a non-combustible thermal insulation layer material 9 and a high-strength and durable fiber cloth 3; the high-strength and durable fiber cloth 3 is Basalt fiber cloth, referred to as BFRP cloth, or other fiber cloth that can replace BFRP cloth; the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 is rock wool board, foamed cement board, etc.; the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 is installed on the base wall 1 (plastic The BFRP cloth 3 is pasted to the surface of the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 with the adhesive, and is also pasted to the side of the door and window to be pasted with the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9, pasted to the inner base wall 1, and pasted to the The side of the deformation joint, or plastic anchor bolts are used to pass through the BFRP cloth 3, the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 and the base wall 1; The required shear bearing capacity of the BFRP fabric, if the design value of the tensile strength of the BFRP fabric itself does not meet the shear bearing capacity, the number of layers of BFRP fabric to be pasted should be increased, there should be a certain safety reserve, and the pasting range should meet the design requirements. The outside of the BFRP cloth 3 can be decorated arbitrarily. When decorating with the aforementioned paint, it is advisable to use a plastic anchor bolt to pass through the BFRP cloth 3, the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 and the base wall 1 to be fixed.

Further, it also adds a pre-embedded steel plate 4; the pre-embedded steel plate 4 includes an L-shaped pre-embedded steel plate 4-1 at the corner of an outdoor door and window and a pre-embedded steel plate 4-2 installed at the rest of the outer wall, and the L-shaped pre-embedded steel plate is embedded with an adhesive. The steel plate 4-1 and the embedded steel plate 4-2 installed at the rest of the outer wall are bonded to the non-combustible insulation layer material 9 (the rock wool board for installing the embedded steel plate can only be vertical wire rock wool board, and the vertical wire rock wool board has vertical Due to the tensile strength of the board surface, the horizontal wire rock wool board does not have tensile strength), or connect the embedded steel plate 4-2 installed in the rest of the outer wall with the base wall 1 (this will have a thermal bridge, in the For projects with low requirements for energy saving and heat preservation, it is safe to fix the pre-embedded steel plate to the base wall 1), and the installation of L-shaped pre-embedded steel plate 4-1 at the corner of outdoor doors and windows is for the purpose of connecting iron parts of the window and L-shaped pre-embedded The steel plate 4-1 is fixed to ensure the safety of installing windows, and it is convenient to install the sunshade roller blinds outside the window and install the decorative lines around the window; position; the tensile bearing capacity generated by the bonding area between the embedded steel plate 4 and the non-combustible insulation layer material 9 should not be less than the tensile force of the embedded steel plate 4 by the combined value of the weight of the external wall attachment and the negative wind pressure load. Pulling force, and have a certain safety reserve.

The method of pasting the BFRP cloth 3 on the non-combustible heat insulating material 9 in this embodiment is the same as that in the first embodiment, and is an equivalent replacement.

This embodiment will reverse the problem that the protective layer on the current non-combustible thermal insulation material is a thin plastering protective layer of cement polymer mortar, which is easy to crack and seep into water, and has poor durability. BFRP cloth has high tensile strength and almost unlimited durability, because it is essentially basalt, which has good resistance to various corrosion, and the installed BFRP cloth will never crack. Although most of the non-combustible thermal insulation materials have unstable mechanical properties and unstable waterproof and freeze-thaw resistance, it cannot be ruled out that there are high-quality non-combustible thermal insulation materials, and in some areas, the wind pressure is small, and the thermal insulation layer is less affected by negative wind pressure. When the object is a curtain wall decorative board, the protection of the non-combustible thermal insulation material is very good, and it may meet the requirements of use. Install the composite thermal insulation board of the non-combustible thermal insulation material and the organic thermal insulation layer on the base wall (the non-combustible thermal insulation material 9 is pasted on the organic thermal insulation layer 2 in advance). The thickness of the material 9 is determined according to fire protection requirements.

Embodiment 8: An energy-saving thermal insulation wall and roof of this embodiment is composed of a base wall, an organic thermal insulation layer, a high-strength and durable fiber cloth, a pre-embedded steel plate and a non-combustible material; the high-strength and durable fiber cloth is basalt fiber. Cloth, referred to as BFRP cloth, or other fiber cloth that can replace BFRP cloth; the organic thermal insulation layer is EPS board, or when the organic thermal insulation layer adopts rigid foam thermal insulation board, it needs to be proved by tests that it has adaptable deformation in long-term use The non-combustible material is cement mortar, facing brick, rock wool board, etc.; when the EPS board is installed on the base wall, the gap between the EPS board and the base wall should be guaranteed. There is no upper and lower penetration gap, and there is no upper and lower penetration gap between adjacent EPS boards, and the bonding area is not less than a certain percentage, so as to avoid the spread of fire due to the chimney effect caused by the penetration of the gap once the fire flame enters the gap; paste the embedded steel plate to the EPS board Then paste the BFRP cloth on the EPS board (including the pre-embedded steel plate), and the BFRP cloth is also installed on the thermal insulation layer on the side of the door and window, and installed on the indoor base wall; and then plaster or decorate non-combustible materials such as cement mortar The face brick is installed on the BFRP cloth, or the steel keel used to install the curtain wall decorative panel is connected to the iron piece and the embedded steel plate is fixed, and the steel joist is pasted and nailed to fix the curtain wall decorative panel. In this embodiment, cement mortar plastering or facing bricks or curtain wall decorative panels installed on the BFRP cloth are used as protective layers for fire protection, or a non-combustible thermal insulation layer such as horizontal wire rock wool board is also installed in the curtain wall decorative panels to further increase the fire performance.

Embodiment 9: As shown in Figure 13, an energy-saving thermal insulation wall and roof of this embodiment is an energy-saving thermal insulation wall composed of a base wall 1, a thermal insulation layer 2, or various outer protective layers 8, so Described base-level wall 1 is various base-level walls, such as concrete, masonry, block, wooden exterior wall, various outer protective layers 8 such as the thick plastering protective layer of Embodiment 2, or a thin plastering protective layer. ; The thermal insulation layer 2 is an EPS board, or when the thermal insulation layer adopts a rigid foam thermal insulation layer, it needs to be proved by tests that it has the ability to adapt to deformation in long-term use, the bonding interface is not damaged, and the durability meets the requirements; Paste it on the base wall 1, and the paste area is not less than a certain percentage, which is determined by experts collaborating; brush the adhesive 12 on the side of the EPS board, and paste the adjacent EPS boards to each other. If there is a gap, insert the EPS board thin strip and Paste on both sides, or apply adhesive to fill the gap. For example, the adhesive is cement polymer mortar (to form a thermal bridge, which is not recommended for heating areas), to bond the EPS board together, or there are various external protections on the outside of the EPS board. Layer 8: thin plastering protective layer, cement mortar plastering protective layer, etc.; EPS board is a soft foam insulation board, which is recoverable within the elastic range when the deformation is not more than 5%.

Or also add high-strength durable fiber cloth 3, the high-strength durable fiber cloth 3 is basalt fiber cloth, referred to as BFRP cloth 3, or other fiber cloth with the performance of BFRP cloth 3; inside and outside the base wall 1, or/and in the EPS board, or paste BFRP cloth 3 on various outer protective layers 8 on the outside of EPS board (for example, paste BFRP cloth inside and outside the planks of wooden exterior walls), to form an energy saving that can exert the bearing capacity of EPS board or/and BFRP cloth Insulated walls. This embodiment can exert the shear bearing capacity of the horizontal fibers of the BFRP fabric 3 on the wall plane, and can exert the tensile bearing capacity of the vertical fibers of the BFRP fabric 3 when the wall is bent during earthquakes and strong winds. When the tensile strength is 3, the vertical seams of BFRP cloth 3 should meet the strength requirements of BFRP cloth 3 and the same as that of BFRP cloth 3. This embodiment is of great significance to the wooden structure buildings in the tornado and typhoon areas, and to the exterior walls of various buildings in the earthquake area. The bonding area between the EPS board and the base wall 1 should not be less than the specified value. If it is not less than 70% or 80%, it should be determined by the experts. In this way, the external wall, especially the masonry wall, should increase the shear resistance of the non-load-bearing external wall. The bearing capacity will play a big role, and sticking the sides of the EPS boards to each other can increase the waterproof performance of the exterior wall.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Inside.

Instructions for using the adhesive:

The following items are adhesives that can be used in the present invention, and are for reference only. Adhesive is a huge system with many varieties. Different manufacturers produce different kinds of adhesives. The following mixing ratios are for reference only, and we hope to achieve the following effects:

1) It is hoped that the project will be improved in the process of using the adhesive, and everything is subject to whether the bonding test is qualified. There may be other adhesives that can meet the use requirements of the present invention, and new types of adhesives are constantly emerging. As long as they are non-toxic and harmless, they can be used to meet the requirements of bond strength and durability, and can replace the adhesives provided for reference in the present invention.

2) Energy-saving thermal insulation projects are inseparable from adhesives. The project manager is familiar with adhesives, which is very important to ensure the quality of energy-saving thermal insulation projects. It is hoped that project managers can be familiar with adhesives by using adhesives, and can flexibly grasp the mixing ratio. When formulating polymer adhesives, by adjusting Cement-based acrylate emulsion or adjust the content of cement-based acrylate copolymer emulsion, and adjust the content of other external materials to meet different bonding requirements.

Article 1 Paste the embedded steel plate to the EPS board or other thermal insulation layers, and use epoxy resin adhesive to paste, or use other adhesives other than water-soluble adhesives that meet the requirements of bonding reliability and durability. The bonding failure between the test embedded steel plate and the thermal insulation layer occurs on the thermal insulation layer, rather than on the bonding interface. Although the cement polymer adhesive prepared with water-soluble adhesives such as cement-based acrylate copolymer emulsion can also stick the embedded steel plate and EPS board, but always worry about it, it is necessary to use a special drawing tester to check the relationship between each embedded steel plate and EPS board. It is not feasible to check the pull-out bearing capacity of the bonding between the plates, which will affect the construction progress.

Epoxy resin adhesives can also be used to paste EPS boards or other insulation layers on the base layer to solve the problem that the installed external wall insulation boards often fall off, or add clean sand (preferably quartz sand) to the epoxy resin adhesives. Sand is used to level and reduce costs. The amount of sand added varies with the thickness of the sand. It is determined by tests, or other adhesives other than water-soluble adhesives that meet the requirements of bonding reliability and durability are selected.

The natural environment is different in different places, and the content of corrosive substances such as acid rain in the air is different. In some areas, hot-dip galvanized steel sheets cannot guarantee the durability of 30 years. In order to improve the durability of the embedded steel plate, in addition to the use of long-term anti-corrosion measures for the embedded steel plate, such as hot-dip galvanized steel plate or cold-galvanized steel plate, it is necessary to add other materials to the epoxy resin adhesive to modify it to increase its corrosion resistance. Anti-corrosion performance, such as adding a certain amount of mica powder and accessories with high diameter-thickness ratio (diameter-thickness ratio is not less than 180 times, even up to 200 times), high purity (about 99%), and meet certain fineness requirements (a small amount of bentonite, etc.) or add glass flakes with a height-diameter-thickness ratio (higher price) and stir evenly, and the quantity should be determined by experiment. Epoxy resin itself is an anti-corrosion material, and the addition of mica powder will greatly increase the anti-corrosion effect. The height-diameter-thickness ratio of mica powder makes it have "shielding effect" and "maze effect", allowing moisture and various other corrosive substances to pass through the ring. The time of oxygen resin is greatly prolonged, so it has excellent acid and alkali resistance, making epoxy resin adhesives become anti-corrosion epoxy resin adhesives. Paste the steel plate with anti-corrosion epoxy resin adhesive, and the epoxy resin adhesive coated on the inner and outer surfaces of the embedded steel plate meets a certain thickness to improve the anti-corrosion durability of the embedded steel plate. The embedded steel plate can be galvanized and coated with anti-corrosion epoxy resin adhesive. anti-corrosion measures. It is determined according to the content of local corrosive substances, and the goal is to achieve the anti-corrosion period of not less than 50 years or longer (but the current various simulation tests can only relatively compare the anti-corrosion performance, and there is no test that can judge the anti-corrosion period of different corrosive environments. means). The special anti-corrosion epoxy resin adhesive should be prepared by the epoxy resin adhesive manufacturer, which is qualified by the third-party testing organization and used for engineering. The construction is simple and convenient, and the price is low.

Article 2 Cement polymer mortar: When the insulation board is pasted to the base layer (wall or roof), or when the autoclaved aerated concrete board is bonded to the insulation layer such as EPS board, it can be pasted with cement polymer mortar, or can be used Adhesive bonding in Article 1, as long as the bonding failure is located on the insulation board or meets the tensile strength requirements, the failure is located on the EPS instead of the bonding interface, and meets the requirements of no pollution and durability; or most of the area It is pasted with cement polymer mortar, and the local area is pasted with epoxy resin adhesive that is not afraid of moisture. And in the fifth embodiment, the semi-finished aerated concrete outer insulation board is used as the outer formwork of the cast-in-place inner leaf concrete at the construction site, and the semi-finished prefabricated insulation board is used as the outer formwork of the cast-in-place inner leaf concrete at the construction site in the sixth embodiment. Cement polymer mortar for adhesive brushed or scraped on the inside of the insulation board. And the prefabricated EPS window sills that will be pasted with BFRP cloth or the prefabricated EPS thermal insulation moldings that will be pasted with BFRP cloth installed around the window can be pasted with cement polymer mortar, or pasted with the first adhesive, and the tensile strength shall not be less than the specified value.

Preparation of liquid material - use cement-based acrylate copolymer emulsion with strong adhesion, water resistance and excellent durability to prepare, add a certain amount of water to the original emulsion to dilute, the ratio of emulsion to water is, emulsion: water = 1: (1.5～2.0) is appropriate, and pH regulators such as (AMP-95) can also be added. It is advisable that the pH value of the diluted emulsion reaches 8 or slightly higher than 8. It is not advisable to use caustic soda or edible alkali as pH regulator. Then add about (1-2)% of cellulose ether MC to the neutral diluted emulsion, stir evenly in a viscous state, and do not need to add preservatives during preparation and use.

Preparation of powder - cement (containing 3% to 5% silica fume is suitable, silica fume is micro-silica fume, and the small size of silica fume increases the bonding effect and tensile strength), or add cement to the cement. If the cellulose ether MC is 2% to 3% by weight, it is not necessary to add the cellulose ether MC to the emulsion, and the cement, silica fume, and cellulose ether MC are uniformly stirred. The ratio of cement and sand is: cement (including silica fume, cellulose ether MC): clean sand (mud content ≤ 3%) = 1: (0.8 ~ 1.0), mix and stir evenly (if the sand is wet, it should be added as needed. When pasting with aerated concrete slab, if the surface of aerated concrete slab is smooth, it is advisable to use 40-100 mesh quartz sand, depending on the roughness.

The amount of cellulose ether MC added is appropriate to the viscosity of the prepared cement polymer mortar, which is adjusted through experiments.

Then add the prepared powder to the liquid material that has been prepared and stirred evenly, and also add antifoaming agent and dispersant. The amount added is based on the powder dispersion and no foaming. Uniform, viscous, easy-to-scrape cement polymer mortar.

Cellulose ether MC has good water retention, and cellulose ether MC should use methyl cellulose ether with good dispersibility and good water retention. The addition amount of cellulose ether MC and the water retention of MC are related to whether the cement polymer mortar is viscous, Whether the water retention effect is good or not is an important issue related to whether the cement can be fully hydrated. Different cellulose ether MC has different water retention at different temperatures, and the water retention of cellulose ether MC from different manufacturers is different. When the maximum outdoor temperature is not higher than 35 ℃, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether can be used, and when the maximum outdoor temperature is higher than 35 ℃, modified hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether should be used.

Article 3 Interface agent: adhesive for cement mortar plastering or cast-in-place concrete and EPS board bonding, or adhesive for bonding the sides of the EPS board joints (excluding the sealing and waterproofing of the upper end of the roof EPS board gap), commonly known as As the interface agent, the cement-based acrylate copolymerized emulsion with strong adhesion, water resistance and durability is selected, which is diluted with water and prepared by adding other materials.

The same as item 2, dilute the emulsion with water, and add a pH regulator such as (AMP-95) to test the pH value of the diluted emulsion to reach 8 or slightly higher than 8. Add cellulose ether to the neutral diluted emulsion. MC (1-2)%, stir evenly in a viscous state, and do not need to add preservatives with the preparation and use.

The powder is cement, and the cement (containing 3% to 5% silica fume is suitable, stir evenly), add the cement into the prepared liquid material, and also add defoamer and dispersant, and stir the powder and liquid material evenly In the form of a thin paste, it is an interface agent. The interface agent should be moist and full when applied to the EPS board, and it is not easy to dry quickly and should not flow. The interface agent does not need to be sanded. Of course, sand can also be bonded, but it increases the labor.

In order to facilitate painting and brushing, the amount of cement added is small, so it is necessary to add cellulose ether MC to the prepared liquid material to ensure water retention. However, adding cellulose ether MC to cement may be insufficient to add Better water retention.

It needs to be proved by tests that after painting the interface agent on the EPS board and then plastering cement mortar or pouring concrete, it is advisable to tap the cross section after curing to see that the adhesive penetrates into the EPS board for 3-5mm. The junction surface, the damage should be on the EPS board, that is, the bonding is qualified. The bonding test should be carried out in advance, the damage should be on the EPS board, and the determined mix ratio should be on the safe side. Alternatively, the interface agent of this article can be used in conjunction with the cement polymer mortar of Article 2, and the interface agent of this article can be painted on the EPS board, and then the cement polymer mortar of Article 2 can be applied to bond.

Acrylate copolymer emulsion can be processed into redispersible dry rubber powder, but in order to improve the instant solubility on site, polyvinyl alcohol needs to be added in the production of redispersible dry rubber powder. It is better to use emulsion type adhesive. However, it does not rule out the use of redispersible dry rubber powder processed by acrylate copolymer emulsion. The test proves that it is also possible to use redispersible dry rubber powder for reliable bonding, but whether the selected redispersible dry rubber powder can be confirmed It is difficult to keep the content of inner polyvinyl alcohol not exceeding the allowable value. Directly purchase the acrylate copolymer emulsion with strong adhesion, water resistance and durability produced by chemical companies. The cost of preparing polymer adhesives with it is low. The dosage of the emulsion is transparent, which can ensure the bonding quality. Quality in mind.

The solid content of various water-soluble adhesives is about 50%. Although vinyl acetate-ethylene emulsion can also be used for bonding, its adhesion, durability and water resistance are not as good as acrylate copolymer emulsion; acrylate emulsion The water resistance and durability of BFRP are good, but the affinity with EPS board is not good. Acrylate emulsion and its prepared polymer can be used to paste BFRP cloth with concrete or cement mortar, and formulate cement polymer waterproof coating. Painted onto concrete.

Article 4 The non-combustible thermal insulation material is bonded to the organic thermal insulation layer, and the adhesive selected varies with the type of non-combustible thermal insulation material.

For example, if the non-combustible insulation material is vertical fiber rock wool board or foamed cement board, it can be bonded with the epoxy resin adhesive in Article 1, but the cost is high. The sand is fine sand when flat).

Article 5 Paste BFRP cloth to non-combustible thermal insulation materials, to pre-embedded steel plates, and to cement mortar or concrete (including bonding with aerated concrete panels). It is recommended to use cement-based acrylic acid with excellent water resistance and durability. Ester copolymer emulsion or cement-based acrylate emulsion, the glass transition temperature of the emulsion should not be higher than the local minimum temperature.

Preparation of liquid material - the ratio of emulsion to water is, emulsion: water = 1: (0.5 ~ 1.5) is appropriate, or add a coupling agent to the original paste of the emulsion adhesive, stir evenly and paste directly with the emulsion. Add cellulose ether MC (accounting for 1 to 2)% of the emulsion as above, and also add a pH regulator such as (AMP-95), test the pH value of the diluted emulsion to reach 8 or a little higher than 8, and then in neutral About (1-2)% of cellulose ether MC is added to the diluted emulsion, and the mixture is viscous and evenly stirred. Preservatives do not need to be added during preparation and use.

Preparation powder - cement (containing silica fume, cellulose ether MC): clean sand (mud content ≤ 3%) = 1: (0.5 ~ 1), depending on the roughness of the surface to be adhered to adjust the sand mesh and When the sand is wet, it should be mixed with sand and cement; when the BFRP cloth is decorated with paint, it is advisable to replace the clean sand with sericite powder with a diameter-thickness ratio of not less than 50, cement (including silica fume, cellulose ether, etc.) MC): sericite powder = 1: (0.1-0.4).

Stir the liquid material and the cement powder with an electric drill to form a paste. The amount of cement should not be too much, otherwise it will affect the bonding effect. It is suitable to facilitate painting without sagging. The viscosity should be avoided. It can be used to paste BFRP cloth.

The adhesive with BFRP cloth has more emulsion content and better bonding effect, and the adhesive plays a waterproof role.

When the BFRP cloth is pasted on the inner leaf concrete on the side of the indoor window, if the inner leaf concrete is as thin as 60mm, it is bonded with a water-soluble emulsion adhesive because the bonding area is narrow and cannot meet the requirements of shear resistance, and fiber impregnated structural adhesive can be used. For pasting BFRP cloth, it is necessary to pass the test to prove that the BFRP cloth is pasted with fiber-impregnated structural adhesive to meet the requirements of shear resistance, or the BFRP cloth is pasted on the indoor wall.

Because all emulsions are easy to bond with concrete, this article does not need to emphasize the strong adhesion of emulsions. However, when BFRP cloth is pasted on outdoor cement mortar plastering layer or concrete, the glass transition temperature of emulsion should not be higher than the local area. minimum temperature.

Article 6 The BFRP fabrics are overlapped and pasted with the adhesive, which can be pasted with the adhesive of Article 5 or the original paste of the emulsion adhesive of Article 5.

Article 7 The waterproof sealing material used for brushing or scraping the upper end of the gap of the roof EPS board.

The waterproof sealing material is divided into a first-pass waterproof sealing material and a second-pass waterproof sealing material. The cement-based acrylate copolymer emulsion original slurry with strong adhesion, water resistance and excellent durability is selected as the first waterproof sealing material, and the emulsion used in the preparation of the second waterproof sealing material is cement-based acrylate copolymer emulsion or cement-based acrylic acid. Ester emulsion, the glass transition temperature of the emulsion should not be higher than the local minimum temperature.

The liquid material is the emulsion puree. It is strictly forbidden to add water to the emulsion puree, because adding water will inevitably increase the powder and affect the elasticity of the waterproof sealing material.

Prepare powder - cement (may contain 3%-5% silica fume): sericite diameter-thickness ratio not less than 50=1: (10%-20%), stir and mix evenly.

Add the prepared powder, dispersant and antifoaming agent to the original slurry of the emulsion, and after stirring evenly, it will be a paste-like polymer that is easy to brush or scrape. Apply the first pass of waterproof sealing material to the upper end of the gap of the roof EPS board and then apply the second pass of waterproof sealing material after drying. Tests should be performed to ensure reliable waterproof sealing before applying it to the project. The essence of this waterproof sealing material is the cement polymer waterproof coating, and the cement polymer waterproof coating on the building materials market can also be purchased, but the purchased waterproof coating should meet the requirements of this article. The adhesive film formed after drying the original slurry of the emulsion is the waterproof adhesive layer, which has good UV resistance. After the water in the emulsion evaporates, it becomes thinner. Adding powder can increase the thickness, but adding powder will affect the bonding with the EPS board and is inconvenient for painting. , The second coating of waterproof sealing material at the gap and the third interface agent when installing the roof EPS board are bonded together to form secondary waterproofing, which can ensure reliable waterproofing.

Because the glass transition temperature of cement-based acrylate copolymer emulsion with strong adhesion, water resistance and durability is currently known to be at least -13°C, and acrylate emulsions have glass transition temperature of -40°C, which can meet the requirements of severe cold areas. However, the adhesiveness between acrylate emulsion and EPS board is not good. Therefore, in winter areas with low temperature, the upper end of the roof EPS board gap is first painted with a waterproof sealing material prepared by acrylate copolymer emulsion with strong adhesion. Bonded with EPS board, EPS board is a soft foam that can adapt to shrinkage and deformation of waterproof sealing material in winter, but the second pass should be painted with a waterproof sealing material made of acrylate emulsion that meets the requirements of glass transition temperature, so that it can adapt to temperature changes and meet the requirements of waterproofing. sealing requirements.

Polyacrylate emulsion or acrylate copolymer emulsion is the emulsion raw material for the preparation of JS waterproof coating. Adding powder is similar to preparing cement polymer waterproof coating, but the amount of powder added to the waterproof sealing material of the present invention is small, forming a waterproof glue A softer layer is more beneficial for waterproofing, because there is also poured roofing concrete on top of the EPS board to protect the waterproofing sealing material.

Article 8 The elastic waterproof sealing material for gap filling is called caulking agent. For example, the gap between the installation of prefabricated EPS window sills and the installation of decorative lines and the outer wall should be filled with caulking agent. The emulsion for preparing the caulking agent should meet the glass transition temperature requirements. Increase the number of powders in Article 7 (the powder is fine sand), stir and mix evenly and the viscous paste is the caulking agent, which is convenient to use with a trowel. Fill it into the gap to seal and waterproof, and you can also buy other waterproof sealing materials that meet the durability. The gap with large relative displacement should be waterproof and sealed with silane-modified polyether glue, MS glue.

Article 9 If there are decorations such as water brushed stone and dry sticky stone on the BFRP cloth, or when pasting facing bricks or plastering cement mortar or plastering thermal insulation mortar (the BFRP cloth on the side of the indoor window is plastered with thermal insulation mortar), use cement-based acrylate. For copolymerized emulsion or cement-based acrylate emulsion, the glass transition temperature of the emulsion should not be higher than the minimum temperature of the operating environment. You can refer to the above items to flexibly adjust the concentration of the emulsion in the polymer and apply it to the BFRP cloth, and then brush it with water according to the regulations. For construction such as stone, dry sticky stone, decorative tiles or plastering, it is necessary to do a test first, and then apply it in a large area after the test is successful.

illustrate:

1) When adding cement to the emulsion, it is necessary to add dispersant and defoamer to avoid cement balling and foaming.

2) The coupling agent can promote bonding with organic molecules, and can also promote strong bonding with inorganic substances. Generally, the amount added is about 1.5% of the original paste of the emulsion adhesive, which is determined by referring to the manufacturer's instructions. The agents are silane coupling agents KH550, KH560, KH570, which are determined by experiments. If a good bonding effect can be achieved without adding a coupling agent, the coupling agent may not be added.

3) In the sticking test, compare the adhesives formulated with different adhesive raw materials and different mixing ratios, which are used for different sticking parts, and choose the best adhesive and mixing ratio, which will not be repeated in the specific embodiment.

4) Each batch of adhesive raw materials entering the site should be tested and tested in advance, and the entrusting party and the supervisor during prefabrication and construction can randomly check and test.

5) The following simple methods for testing emulsion adhesives can be used by themselves: ① Elongation testing: it is advisable that the elongation of the dried film is not less than 8 times. ②It is advisable to soak the dried film in water for 48 hours and the water absorption should not be greater than 8%, and the weight of the film should not be less than 100g.

Claims (10)

1. An energy-saving heat-insulating wall and a roof, which comprises a base wall and an organic heat-insulating layer; it is characterized in that the material also comprises a non-combustible heat-insulating material; the organic heat preservation layer is arranged on the base wall, the non-combustible heat preservation material is arranged on the organic heat preservation layer, or the non-combustible heat preservation material and the composite heat preservation plate of the organic heat preservation layer are arranged on the base wall, and the thickness of the non-combustible heat preservation material is determined according to the fireproof requirement, so that the outer heat preservation wall body provided with the organic heat preservation layer and the non-combustible heat preservation material is formed.

2. The energy-saving heat-insulating wall and roof as claimed in claim 1, further comprising pre-embedded steel plates and high-strength durable fiber cloth, wherein the high-strength durable fiber cloth is basalt fiber cloth, abbreviated as BFRP cloth, or other fiber cloth capable of replacing BFRP cloth; the organic heat-insulating layer is an EPS plate, or when the organic heat-insulating layer is a hard-foam heat-insulating plate, tests prove that the organic heat-insulating layer has the capability of adapting to deformation in long-term use, a bonding interface is not damaged, and the durability meets the requirements; the embedded steel plates comprise L-shaped embedded steel plates for corners of outdoor doors and windows and embedded steel plates installed at other positions of an outer wall, and the embedded steel plates are bonded with the EPS plates and the heat-insulating layers around the windows by using adhesives; the BFRP cloth is pasted on the surface of the non-combustible heat-insulating material, and also pasted on the side surface of a door and window opening and the non-combustible heat-insulating material on the side surface of a door and window opening, and pasted with the inner side base layer wall body.

3. The energy-saving heat-insulating wall and roof as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the following fire-proof safety structure is adopted for the energy-saving heat-insulating wall, and is adopted according to the requirement:

1) the heat-insulating layer arranged around the door and window opening is a non-combustible heat-insulating material with a certain thickness;

2) the fireproof heat-insulating material is padded between the connecting piece and the embedded steel plate; when the outer wall attachments are installed, screws penetrate through the connecting piece for installing the outer wall attachments, the BFRP cloth, the fireproof heat-insulating material and the embedded steel plate to be fixed;

3) after the window is installed, smearing thermal insulation mortar or other non-combustible thermal insulation materials on BFRP cloth stuck on the inner side of the window chamber;

4) and heat insulating materials can be adhered to the back or two sides of the embedded steel plate.

4. An energy-saving heat-insulating wall and a roof are provided, which are energy-saving heat-insulating walls coated with adhesive outside the heat-insulating layer of the outer wall to be plastered by cement mortar, or energy-saving heat-insulating roofs coated with adhesive on the heat-insulating layer of a concrete roof panel to be cast in situ with a concrete protective layer of the roof; the heat-insulating layer comprises a base layer, an organic heat-insulating layer and a protective layer, and is characterized by also comprising an embedded steel plate; the base layer is a base layer wall or a concrete roof panel, the organic heat-insulating layer is an EPS board, or when the organic heat-insulating layer is a hard-foam heat-insulating layer, tests prove that the base layer has the capability of adapting to deformation in long-term use, a bonding interface is not damaged, and the durability meets the requirements; the protective layer is a cement mortar protective layer outside the EPS board adhered on the base layer wall body, or the protective layer is a cast-in-place concrete protective layer adhered on the EPS board of the concrete roof panel; fixing the EPS boards on the base layer, wherein no vertically through gap exists between the EPS boards and the base layer wall body, and no vertically through gap exists between the EPS boards; the embedded steel plate is bonded and connected with the EPS plate of the outer wall by using an adhesive, the tensile bearing capacity generated by the bonding area between the embedded steel plate and the EPS plate is not less than the weight of the mounted outer wall attachment and the tensile force generated by the worst load combination value under the action of negative wind pressure, and certain safety reserve is required; coating an adhesive on the side surface of the EPS board of the roof to adhere the EPS side surfaces into a whole, coating a waterproof sealing material between gaps at the upper part of the EPS board of the roof, and bonding the gaps between the EPS board and a wall body or a structure of the roof to enable the EPS board to become a waterproof layer; coating an adhesive on an EPS board of an outer wall to bond the EPS board with a cement mortar protective layer, so that no communicated air flowing cavity exists inside and outside and on the side surface of the EPS board installed on the outer wall, and coating the adhesive on the EPS board of the roof to bond a cast-in-place concrete protective layer of the roof with the EPS board; the embedded steel plate is installed on the roof concrete protection layer and anchored with concrete, a roof structure is installed on the embedded steel plate, the EPS plate is installed on the tensile bearing capacity between the bonding area on the concrete roof panel and the EPS plate, the tensile bearing capacity of the embedded steel plate welded with the reinforcing mesh in the roof concrete protection layer is not less than the upward suction force of the roof cast-in-place concrete protection layer under the action of the load combination value of negative air pressure, the thrust of the roof structure subjected to wind is not less than, and the roof structure is safely reserved to a certain extent.

5. An energy-saving heat-insulating wall or a roof is a prefabrication method for producing and processing a precast concrete sandwich board or a precast concrete outer heat-insulating board by using a low-strength and low-price material as a side formwork batten; the prefabricated concrete sandwich panel comprises a prefabricated concrete sandwich wallboard and a prefabricated concrete sandwich roof panel, the prefabricated concrete sandwich wallboard is used for installing an assembled sandwich concrete shear wall, or a non-bearing assembled sandwich wall body of an installation framework structure, or an indoor separated heating partition wall, and the prefabricated concrete sandwich roof panel is used for installing an assembled sandwich roof; the precast concrete outer insulation board is used for installing an outer insulation concrete shear wall or an outer insulation non-bearing wall body of an installation frame structure; the precast concrete sandwich panel comprises inner leaf concrete, a heat insulation layer and an outer leaf concrete or roof concrete protection layer; the precast concrete outer insulation board comprises inner leaf concrete, an insulation layer and an outer protection layer, and the thickness of the outer protection layer meets the requirement of fire hazard non-spread; the inner leaf concrete and the outer leaf concrete of the precast concrete sandwich heat-insulation wall board for the flexural member are common concrete or light aggregate concrete, and the inner leaf concrete and the outer leaf concrete of the precast concrete sandwich heat-insulation wall board for the partition wall are common light aggregate concrete or foam concrete; the heat-insulating layer of the precast concrete sandwich panel or the precast concrete outer heat-insulating plate for the outer wall and the roof is an EPS (expandable polystyrene) plate, or the heat-insulating layer adopts a hard foam heat-insulating plate, and tests prove that the heat-insulating layer has the capability of adapting to deformation in long-term use, the bonding interface is not damaged, and the durability meets the requirements; the heat insulation layer of the precast concrete sandwich panel for the indoor separating heating partition wall is an EPS (expanded polystyrene) plate or a hard foam heat insulation plate; the side formwork strips are adhered to a platform by using an adhesive and serve as the side formwork strips of the ring edges of the precast concrete sandwich panel or the precast concrete outer insulation board; when the precast concrete sandwich board or the precast concrete outer insulation board is produced and processed, the inner leaf concrete, the organic insulation layer and the outer leaf concrete or the roof concrete protection layer or the outer protection layer are bonded into a whole by using an adhesive.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the prefabricated processing method for producing and processing the prefabricated concrete sandwich panel or the prefabricated concrete external insulation board comprises the following steps:

1) the general regulations in the building industry are required to be met;

2) deeply designing the precast concrete sandwich panel and the precast concrete outer insulation board according to design requirements, determining the division of the precast concrete sandwich panel and the precast concrete outer insulation board, and compiling a component processing diagram; marking windows for installing non-combustible heat insulation materials, and marking embedded positions and specifications for installing embedded steel plates and installing embedded hoisting pieces on drawings of a precast concrete sandwich plate and a precast concrete outer heat insulation plate of an outer wall; the embedded steel plates are provided with a window outdoor corner L-shaped embedded steel plate and embedded steel plates arranged at other positions of the outer wall, the specification of the L-shaped embedded steel plate meets the construction convenience requirement of installing attachments at the periphery of the window conveniently, the L-shaped embedded steel plate is adhered to the non-combustible heat-insulating material at the window side and is anchored with the outer leaf concrete, the embedded steel plates arranged at other positions of the outer wall are anchored with the outer leaf concrete, or the embedded steel plates arranged at other positions of the outer wall are adhered to the EPS plates of the prefabricated concrete outer heat-insulating plate by using an adhesive, or the L-shaped embedded steel plate is adhered to the non-combustible heat-insulating material of the window and the EPS plates in the outer protective layer by using the adhesive after the prefabricated concrete sandwich plate and the prefabricated concrete outer; the outer surface of the embedded steel plate is flat with the outer leaf concrete, or the outer surface of the embedded steel plate is flat with an EPS plate of the precast concrete outer insulation board;

3) the test needs to be carried out on each layer by layer bonding and the mounting of the embedded steel plates on the EPS plate, and the loading test is carried out on the precast concrete sandwich plate of the outer wall or the roof according to the simple support plate:

firstly, carrying out a bonding test on cast-in-place concrete and an EPS board to ensure that the EPS board is damaged but not a bonding interface is qualified;

sticking the pre-embedded steel plate to the EPS plate by using an adhesive in advance to perform a bonding test, and sticking a test strip with a window non-combustible heat-insulating material to damage the pre-embedded steel plate on the EPS plate and the non-combustible heat-insulating material, wherein the non-combustible heat-insulating material is not qualified in a bonding interface;

thirdly, on the basis of qualified bonding test, a normal section bending test and an oblique section shearing resistance test are carried out on the precast concrete sandwich boards of non-bearing outer walls or roofs with different spans and different section heights according to the simple support plates, and the detection quantity of the precast components is in accordance with the specification; the thickness of the EPS board and the total thickness of the member are determined according to the combined values of different climatic zones and different horizontal loads during the test, on the premise that the thickness of the inner leaf concrete and the outer leaf concrete meets the fire endurance limit, the height of the section of the precast concrete sandwich board is changed by changing the thickness of the EPS board, and the rigidity and the effective bending height of the member are adjusted; the stress performance of the detected member is in accordance with mechanics and concrete structure theories, if the stress performance of the detected member is not in accordance with whether layered bonding is in a problem or not, the load data, deflection and cracks applied each time are recorded until test data such as damage and the like are required to be met, data such as video and the like are available, the load when the deflection of the non-bearing external wall panel reaches the span of 1/250 is recorded, the load when the prefabricated concrete sandwich roof panel reaches the allowable deflection limit value is recorded, a member selection table is made for design and selection, and the member selection table is detected by legal units on the basis of the self-detection of a prefabricated enterprise, and the member selection table is preferably used as a type detection project;

4) the high-strength durable fiber cloth is basalt fiber cloth, BFRP cloth for short, or other fiber cloth capable of replacing the BFRP cloth; when the outer leaf concrete used for installing the outer wall or the BFRP cloth is pasted on the surface of the outer protective layer of the precast concrete outer insulation board, the pasting test of the BFRP cloth needs to be carried out in advance:

carrying out a BFRP cloth and concrete bonding test: bonding BFRP cloth strips with a certain width with concrete by using an adhesive for a certain length, wherein the color of the BFRP cloth should be deepened to indicate that the BFRP cloth is bonded on the whole area, and carrying out parallel tensile strength detection after curing; the bonding test data is not less than a certain number, the average value of the test results is taken, if the average value exceeds 10% of the test data, the final effective number is not less than the specified number; thereby determining the width of the BFRP cloth required to be adhered to the base wall when the door and window meet the shearing resistance bearing capacity required by the design; on the basis of qualified self-inspection of construction enterprises, delivering to a legal unit for inspection; if the design value of the tensile strength of the BFRP cloth does not meet the requirement of the shearing resistance bearing capacity, the number of the adhered BFRP cloth layers should be increased, certain safety reserve should be provided, and the adhering range should meet the design regulation;

and secondly, carrying out a bonding test between BFRP fabrics: mutually sticking BFRP cloth strips with certain width for certain length, wherein the color of the BFRP cloth should deepen to indicate that the BFRP cloth is stuck in the whole area, carrying out parallel tensile strength detection after the BFRP cloth is maintained, and determining the parallel tensile strength of mutual lap joint sticking between the BFRP cloth so as to determine the lap joint sticking width required by the BFRP cloth meeting the strength requirements of lap joint sticking and the like, and delivering the cloth to a legal unit for detection on the basis of qualified self-check of construction enterprises; the test data is not less than a certain number, the average value of the test results is taken, if the test data exceeds 10 percent of the test data, the final effective number is not less than the specified number; the test result, the used adhesive and the mixing ratio are provided for a construction installation unit, otherwise, the construction installation unit needs to perform the two tests again before the BFRP cloth is stuck and installed on the inner leaf concrete of the door and window opening, and the test result is influenced by different adhesives and mixing ratios;

5) when the concrete sandwich board or the outer insulation board of the precast concrete is precast, the paving sequence of each layer of materials on the precast platform from bottom to top is different according to the equipment conditions of a precast workshop and is conveniently determined according to the prefabrication;

6) preparing an organic heat-insulating plate and an embedded steel plate which meet the design requirements in advance;

firstly, the specification of the organic heat-insulation board is required to meet the requirements of step-shaped lap joint pasting or adhesion requirement determination at the vertical seam of a wall body or the seam of a roof panel, the flatness is required to meet the requirements, the seams of the EPS boards of the outer wall and the roof are reduced as much as possible, if the seams are connected by adopting a step-shaped lap joint coating adhesive or fixed by plastic bolts, or the seams of the EPS boards are integrally adhered by coating or scraping the adhesive when the seams are planar, and the adhesion reliability is ensured; the EPS boards of the precast concrete sandwich board can be in a step shape at the joint of the adjacent board edges, and are used for lap joint and adhesion when the precast concrete sandwich board is installed on a main body structure, and can also be used for mutual compaction and adhesion when an adhesive is coated or scraped during plane installation; the EPS boards in the prefabricated concrete sandwich roof board are required to be mutually bonded on the side surfaces of the joints, waterproof sealing materials are required to be coated on the gaps at the upper parts of the joints of the EPS boards for two times for waterproof sealing, and the waterproof sealing materials are coated 2 times after the 1 st drying, so that the waterproof sealing reliability of the joints is ensured; when the concrete sandwich board is prefabricated, anchoring the L-shaped embedded steel plate and the rest embedded steel plates of the outer wall with the outer leaf concrete, adhering the L-shaped embedded steel plate with a non-combustible heat-insulating material on the side surface of a door window, and leveling the outer surface of the embedded steel plate with the outer leaf concrete; when the concrete outer insulation board is prefabricated, the L-shaped embedded steel plate and the rest of the embedded steel plates of the outer wall can be bonded with the EPS board by using an adhesive, and can be bonded with a non-combustible insulation material on the side surface of a door window, the EPS board is placed on a platform after the adhesive bonded with the embedded steel plates is stable for producing and processing the prefabricated concrete outer insulation board, the corner L-shaped embedded steel plate and the non-combustible insulation material of the window can be bonded with the surface of the EPS board in the outer protective layer by using the adhesive after the prefabricated concrete outer insulation board is cured, and the outer surface of the embedded steel plate is flat with the EPS board in the outer protective layer;

secondly, forming holes on the EPS boards at certain intervals;

7) adhering and mounting a side formwork batten made of low-strength and cheap materials on a prefabricating platform, and checking whether the dimension error of a prefabricated part is controlled within an allowable range;

8) installing a reinforcing mesh and an embedded steel plate or an embedded hoisting piece in the side formwork lath, inserting the external reinforcing steel bar at the joint into the side formwork lath for interconnection during construction site installation, welding and anchoring the embedded steel plate or the embedded hoisting piece and the concrete internal reinforcing mesh of the outer leaf or/and the inner leaf, or bonding and fixing the embedded steel plate and the EPS plate;

9) pouring outer leaf concrete or an outer protective layer or inner leaf concrete, vibrating and leveling the poured concrete or cement mortar to meet the thickness of the design requirement;

10) coating an adhesive on the prepared EPS board in the whole area, wherein the adhesive coating is full and should not be leaked or saturated, placing the EPS board which is perforated with holes and coated with the adhesive on the leveled concrete or outer protective layer, accurately placing the EPS board, rolling the EPS board, bonding the EPS board with the concrete below, and filling EPS strips or other heat preservation strips at the positions where the holes are formed in the EPS board;

11) coating an adhesive on the upper surface of the EPS board in a full area, wherein the adhesive coating is full in moisture and free from missing coating, laying a reinforcing mesh on the EPS board, installing an embedded steel plate or an embedded hoisting piece, or fixedly bonding the embedded steel plate and the EPS board, pouring inner leaf or outer leaf concrete or an outer protective layer when the adhesive is wet, and vibrating and flattening;

12) steam curing or natural curing is carried out on the precast concrete sandwich board or the precast concrete outer insulation board, and whether plastic films are paved on the exposed concrete surface for water preservation and curing or watering curing is carried out is determined according to requirements;

13) and (3) carrying out spot check or comprehensive check on the layering bonding reliability according to the following method, and selecting according to the requirement:

firstly, a precast concrete sandwich panel is lifted to a certain height by using a vertical steel bar or an embedded lifting piece at a lifting point at a certain height, and the precast concrete sandwich panel is shaken and falls suddenly without falling, deformation and damage;

secondly, local drilling is carried out, whether each layer is bonded or not is checked through an endoscope, then the EPS board is plugged, and two sides are coated with adhesive and plastered for plugging;

and thirdly, sampling and checking the non-bearing precast concrete sandwich plates or the outer precast concrete insulation plates which exceed a certain number, loading according to the simple support plates, and if the deformation does not exceed an allowable value when the load reaches a design standard value, the deformation of the precast member meets the requirement, otherwise, the precast member is reprocessed for checking reasons.

7. An energy-saving heat-insulating wall and a roof are a precast concrete sandwich panel, and an assembled sandwich outer wall, an indoor separated heating partition wall or an assembled sandwich roof panel of an installation frame structure are installed by using the precast concrete sandwich panel; the precast concrete sandwich panel comprises inner leaf concrete, a heat insulation layer, outer leaf concrete of an outer wall or outer leaf concrete of a roof; the heat insulation layer is an EPS plate, or when the heat insulation layer is a hard foam heat insulation plate, the heat insulation layer has the capability of adapting to deformation in long-term use, a bonding interface is not damaged, the durability meets the requirement, or when the heat insulation layer is used for installing an indoor partition heating partition wall, the EPS plate can be used as the heat insulation layer, and the hard foam heat insulation plate can be used; and (3) bonding and connecting the inner leaf concrete, the heat-insulating layer and the outer leaf concrete layer by using an adhesive to form a prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich board and a sandwich board formed by compounding the prefabricated autoclaved aerated concrete and common concrete, which are collectively referred to as autoclaved aerated concrete sandwich boards for short.

8. An energy-saving heat-insulating wall body and a roof are disclosed, wherein the energy-saving heat-insulating wall body is a semi-finished heat-insulating plate of autoclaved aerated concrete and a semi-assembled sandwich concrete wall which is formed by bonding and compositely installing the semi-finished heat-insulating plate of the autoclaved aerated concrete and cast-in-place inner leaf concrete on a construction site; or bonding the semi-finished product insulation board of the autoclaved aerated concrete and the cast-in-place inner leaf concrete on a prefabricated platform to form a prefabricated concrete sandwich wallboard, and then installing the prefabricated concrete sandwich wallboard into a fully-assembled sandwich concrete wall; the autoclaved aerated concrete semi-finished product insulation board comprises an insulation layer and high-strength durable fiber cloth; the high-strength durable fiber cloth is basalt fiber cloth, BFRP cloth for short, or other fiber cloth capable of replacing the BFRP cloth, and is characterized by also comprising outer leaf concrete of an autoclaved aerated concrete slab; when the heat-insulating layer is an EPS plate or the heat-insulating layer is a hard-foam heat-insulating plate, tests prove that the heat-insulating layer has the capability of adapting to deformation in long-term use, a bonding interface is not damaged, and the durability meets the requirements; coating or scraping an adhesive to bond the EPS boards and the outer leaf concrete of the autoclaved aerated concrete board, and coating or scraping the adhesive to adhere the BFRP cloth on the outer leaf concrete of the autoclaved aerated concrete board to form an autoclaved aerated concrete semi-finished product insulation board; or placing the semi-finished product insulation board on a prefabricated platform, coating an adhesive on the EPS board of the semi-finished product insulation board, and pouring inner leaf concrete to form the prefabricated concrete sandwich wallboard.

9. An energy-saving heat-insulating wall body and a roof are disclosed, wherein the energy-saving heat-insulating wall body is a semi-finished prefabricated heat-insulating plate, the semi-finished prefabricated heat-insulating plate is installed on a base layer wall body at a construction site to perform external wall external heat insulation, and is installed into a semi-fabricated concrete external heat-insulating energy-saving wall body, or the semi-finished prefabricated heat-insulating plate and poured concrete are bonded and compounded on a prefabricated platform to form a prefabricated concrete heat-insulating wall plate, and the prefabricated concrete heat-insulating wall plate is installed into an assembled concrete external heat-insulating energy-saving wall body; the semi-finished prefabricated heat insulation board comprises a heat insulation layer and high-strength durable fiber cloth, and is characterized by also comprising an embedded steel plate; the high-strength durable fiber cloth is basalt fiber cloth, called BFRP cloth for short, or other fiber cloth capable of replacing the BFRP cloth; when the heat-insulating layer is an EPS plate or is a hard foam heat-insulating plate or other non-combustible heat-insulating plates, tests prove that the heat-insulating layer has the capability of adapting to deformation in long-term use, a bonding interface is not damaged, and the durability meets the requirements; the embedded steel plates comprise window corner L-shaped embedded steel plates and embedded steel plates at the rest positions of the outer wall; mounting the L-shaped embedded steel plate on the corner of a door and window opening by using an adhesive to be bonded with the EPS plate, and bonding the L-shaped embedded steel plate with the non-combustible heat-insulating material of the door and window opening, and mounting the embedded steel plate on the EPS plate by using the adhesive at a position where an external wall attachment is required to be mounted; and adhering the BFRP cloth to the EPS board by using an adhesive to form a semi-finished prefabricated heat-insulation board which is bonded into a whole by using the BFRP cloth and is provided with an embedded steel plate.

10. An energy-saving heat-insulating wall body and a roof, wherein the energy-saving heat-insulating wall body comprises a base layer wall body, a non-combustible heat-insulating layer material and high-strength durable fiber cloth; the high-strength durable fiber cloth is basalt fiber cloth, called BFRP cloth for short, or other fiber cloth capable of replacing the BFRP cloth; installing a non-combustible heat-insulating material on a base wall; adhering BFRP cloth to the surface of the non-combustible heat-insulating material by using an adhesive, adhering the BFRP cloth to the side surface of a door or window opening, adhering the BFRP cloth to the non-combustible heat-insulating material, adhering the BFRP cloth to an inner side base wall, or fixing the BFRP cloth and the non-combustible heat-insulating material to the base wall by using a plastic anchor bolt; the method is characterized in that the bonding width of the BFRP cloth and the wall body of the door window side base layer is not less than a specified value, and is not less than the shearing force borne by the design calculation window side and acts on the BFRP cloth, the tensile bearing capacity required by the BFRP cloth is increased, if the design value of the tensile strength of the BFRP cloth does not meet the shearing resistance bearing capacity, the number of layers of the bonded BFRP cloth is increased, and certain safety reserve is provided.

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