CN111932817A - Fire detection early warning system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

According to the fire detection and early warning system and method of the present invention, the fire detection and early warning system includes a smoke detection part and a control part. The smoke detection part includes a line laser scanner, a low-light camera, a combined lens and a four-part CMOS image plane. The line laser scanner is arranged on the top of the cabin and is used to form a laser scanning fan light curtain by oscillating the line laser. The low-light camera is installed online Next to the laser scanner, the combined lens is set on the low-light camera, which is used to place the image surface on the four-part CMOS image surface. The four-part CMOS image surface is connected to the low-light camera. By setting the coating or filter, the ultraviolet band can be realized. , Visible light band, near-infrared band, and infrared band imaging, which are used to monitor the spark point of electrical leakage, conventional observation, and temperature gradient observation. The control unit includes a host, a communication unit, and an alarm unit. The communication unit accepts detection from the smoke detection unit. After the data is sent to the host, the host controls the work of the alarm unit based on the analysis and judgment of the detection data.

Description

A fire detection and early warning system and method

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of fire prevention, and relates to a fire detection and early warning system and method, in particular to a low-light multi-channel fire detection and early warning system and method using laser light curtain scanning.

Background technique

Ship fire warning system is one of the core guarantee systems for ship navigation safety. Compared with the fire prevention and early warning research in other places, the research on ship fire early warning system is still very limited, and the research force invested is insufficient.

Traditional ship fire warning systems mostly use a single type of fire sensor similar to civil buildings to detect a certain fire characteristic parameter and judge whether a fire occurs through a single threshold comparison. Due to the drastic changes of various parameters during the navigation of the ship, it is very easy to cause faults such as false alarms, omissions or incomplete alarm information in the existing fire pre-alarm system, which limits the use of these sensors and systems. In addition, the key areas of ship fire protection are engine room, cargo warehouse, bomb bay, living area and galley. These areas have their own monitoring priorities, and the causes of the fires are also different. The fire early warning system needs to be coordinated.

Therefore, it is extremely urgent to develop a multi-functional, active and multi-task fire early warning system in ship fire early warning.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above problems, based on the traditional fire early warning system, the present invention proposes a low-light multi-channel detection fire early warning system and method using laser light curtain scanning, so as to realize accurate fire early warning and fire situation in the narrow space of the ship Broadcast, and control the fire system to start liquid and dry powder to directionally extinguish the fire.

The present invention provides a fire detection and early warning system, which has the characteristics of including a smoke detection part, which is arranged in a cabin; and a control part, which is connected in communication with the smoke detection part, wherein the smoke detection part includes a line laser scanner, a weak light The camera, combination lens and CMOS image surface are divided into four parts. The line laser scanner is set on the top of the cabin, which is used to form a laser scanning fan light curtain by swinging the line laser. The low-light camera is set next to the line laser scanner, and the combination lens is set at the low-light level. On the camera, it is used to place the image surface on the four sub-regions of the CMOS image surface, and the four sub-regions of the CMOS image surface are connected to the low-light camera. Imaging is used to monitor the spark point of electrical leakage, conventional observation, and temperature gradient observation. The control unit includes a host, a communication unit, and an alarm unit. After the communication unit receives the detection data from the smoke detection unit, it is transmitted to the host. The data is analyzed and judged to control the work of the alarm unit.

The fire detection and early warning system provided by the present invention may also have the following characteristics: wherein, the combined lens is a fisheye four-lens lens, and the image plane is placed on the four-quadrant target surface of the CMOS. The channel fire detection optical path detects different types of fire signatures.

In addition, the fire detection and early warning system provided by the present invention may also have the following feature: wherein, the control part further includes a data traceable black box, and the host computer is communicatively connected to the data traceable black box for bidirectional data transmission.

In addition, the fire detection and early warning system provided by the present invention may also have the following feature: wherein, the control part further includes a fire-fighting executive mechanism, and the host controls the work of the fire-fighting executive agency based on analysis and judgment of the detection data.

In addition, in the fire detection and early warning system provided by the present invention, it may also have the following feature: wherein, the fire-fighting executive mechanism directionally extinguishes the fire by activating liquid and dry powder.

The present invention provides a fire detection and early warning method, which has such characteristics and includes the following steps:

S1, the line laser scanner forms a laser scanning fan light curtain by swinging the line laser;

S2, the four photosensitive areas of the low-light camera and the four-lens fisheye will transmit the detection data obtained from the cabin detection to the embedded host;

S3, after the embedded host receives the detection data, it completes the fire identification feature judgment through the analysis and prediction algorithm, and transmits the data to the data traceability black box;

S5, if it is judged to be a fire, the embedded host computer controls to issue an alarm command and controls the fire-fighting executive agency to start the fire-extinguishing procedure.

The fire detection and early warning method provided by the present invention may also have the following feature: wherein the low-light camera is used to capture the scattering of smoke particles in the scanning fan formed by the line laser to form flash explosion points.

In addition, the fire detection and early warning method provided by the present invention may also have the following features: wherein, the spark point of electrical leakage is monitored in the ultraviolet region, the conventional observation is performed in the visible light region, and the temperature gradient observation is performed in the near-infrared and infrared bands.

The role and effect of the invention

According to the fire detection and early warning system involved in the present invention, because it has a line laser scanner, a low-light camera, a combined lens and a CMOS image plane, when smoke is generated in the cabin, the low-light camera captures the scanning fan formed by the line laser. The scattered smoke particles form flash bursts, and the detection imaging technology is used to achieve imaging in the ultraviolet, visible, near-infrared, and infrared bands on the four divisions of the CMOS image plane. The four photosensitive regions will detect different types of fire characteristics, therefore, the fire detection and early warning system of the present invention can realize the detection of weak fire conditions with multiple spectrum channels.

In addition, the fire detection and early warning system of the present invention can control the operation of the alarm unit based on analyzing and judging the detection data.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fire detection and early warning system in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a fire detection and early warning system in an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical means, creation features, achievement goals and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the following embodiments describe the fire detection and early warning system and method of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

A new type of ship laser light curtain scanning multi-channel weak light detection fire early warning system is used for early warning of fire in ship cabins, including light curtain scanning smoke detection part and control part. The smoke detection part is a light curtain scanning type smoke detection part, which is arranged in the cabin, and the control part is connected in communication with the smoke detection part.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the smoke detection unit includes a line laser scanner 4 , a low-light camera 2 , a combined lens 3 and a CMOS image plane quadrant 1 .

The line laser scanner 4 is arranged on the top of the cabin, and is used to form a laser scanning fan light curtain 10 by swinging the line laser.

The low-light camera 2 is arranged next to the online laser scanner 4, and the combination lens 3 is arranged on the low-light camera 2 to place the image plane on the quadrant 1 of the CMOS image plane. In the embodiment, the combination lens 3 is a four-lens fisheye , the image plane is placed on the four-quadrant target surface ABCD of CMOS, and different types of fire characteristics are detected through scientific-grade low-light imaging and four-quadrant multi-channel fire detection optical path.

The CMOS image plane quadrant 1 is connected to the low-light camera 2, and the CMOS image plane quadrant 1 and the CMOS image plane quadrant 1 can achieve imaging in the ultraviolet band, visible light band, near-infrared band, and infrared band by setting coatings or filters, which are respectively used to monitor electrical leakage. Spark point, routine observation, temperature gradient observation.

When smoke is generated in the cabin, the smoke is captured in the scanning sector formed by the line laser emitted by the line laser scanner 4 . According to the Tyndall phenomenon, the smoke particles will scatter to form a flash point 11 . The low-light camera 2 is used to capture the flash point 11 formed by the scattering of smoke particles in the scanning fan formed by the line laser. Using the low-light camera 2 to detect the imaging technology, the imaging of the ultraviolet band, the visible light band, the near-infrared band, and the infrared band is realized on the four divisions 1 of the CMOS image surface that is coated or added with a filter. These four photosensitive regions will detect different types of fire characteristics. Among them, the ultraviolet region monitors the spark point of electrical leakage, the visible light region conducts regular observations, and the near-infrared and infrared bands do temperature gradient observations. Therefore, the weak fire of multi-spectrum channels can be realized. Love detection.

The control part includes a data traceable black box 6 , an embedded host 7 , a communication unit, an alarm device 8 and a fire-fighting executive mechanism 9 .

The smoke detection unit composed of the low-light camera 2 , the combined lens 3 and the line laser scanning device 4 is connected to the embedded host 7 through the communication network cable 5 , and the embedded host 7 is connected to the data black box 6 , the alarm device 8 , and the fire-fighting executive mechanism 9 respectively.

The low-light camera and the four photosensitive areas of the four-lens fisheye will transmit the detection data obtained from the detection of the cabin to the control unit.

The communication unit transmits the detection data from the smoke detector to the embedded host 7 . Among them, the embedded host 7 is connected in communication with the data traceability black box 6 to carry out two-way data transmission, so as to realize the traceability of the data.

The fire-fighting executive mechanism 9 and the alarm device 8 constitute a fire alarm joint control and execution mechanism, whose triggering is determined by the embedded host to complete the judgment and determination of the fire identification characteristics.

After receiving the detection data, the embedded host 7 completes the fire identification feature judgment through the analysis and prediction algorithm, and transmits the data to the data traceability black box 6; the embedded host 7 analyzes the data through the fire data analysis and prediction algorithm, based on the detection The data is analyzed and judged, and the work of the alarm device 8 and the fire-fighting executive mechanism 9 is controlled.

If the result of analyzing the scientific-grade low-light imaging and the four-quadrant multi-channel fire detection optical path is fire, the embedded host 6 controls the opening of the alarm device 8 and the fire-fighting executive mechanism 9 to realize the joint control and execution function of the fire alarm. The embedded host 7 controls the alarm device 8 to issue an alarm command, and controls the fire-fighting executive mechanism 9 to start the fire-extinguishing procedure.

After the embedded host 7 issues an instruction, the alarm device 8 gives an alarm, and the fire-fighting executive mechanism 9 uses liquid or dry powder to directionally extinguish the fire.

As shown in Figure 2, a fire detection and early warning method includes the following steps:

The smoke is generated and captured by the scanning fan formed by the line laser. According to the Tyndall phenomenon, the smoke particles will scatter to form a flash point, which is captured by the low-light camera;

The low-light camera and the four photosensitive areas of the fisheye quad lens are used for detection. Among them, the spark point of electrical leakage is monitored in the ultraviolet region, the conventional observation is performed in the visible light region, and the temperature gradient observation is performed in the near-infrared and infrared bands;

The light curtain scanning smoke detection system transmits the detection results to the embedded host through the communication network cable;

The embedded host completes the fire identification feature judgment through a new fire data analysis and prediction algorithm, and transmits the data to the data traceable black box;

If it is judged to be a fire, execute the issuing of the alarm command and control the fire-fighting actuator to start liquid, dry powder, etc. to directionally extinguish the fire.

Action and effect of the embodiment

According to the fire detection and early warning system involved in this embodiment, because it has a line laser scanner, a low-light camera, a combination lens, and a CMOS image plane, when smoke is generated in the cabin, the low-light camera captures the scanning fan formed by the line laser. The smoke particles inside are scattered to form flash explosion points. Using detection imaging technology, imaging in the ultraviolet band, visible light band, near-infrared band, and infrared band is realized on the four divisions of the CMOS image plane. The four photosensitive areas will detect different types of fire characteristics, therefore, the fire detection and early warning system of this embodiment can realize the detection of weak fire conditions with multiple spectrum channels.

In addition, the fire detection and early warning system of this embodiment can control the operation of the alarm unit based on the analysis and judgment of the detection data.

The above embodiments are preferred cases of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a fire detection and early warning system, for carrying out early warning to the fire of the cabin, is characterized in that, comprises: a smoke detection portion disposed within the cabin; and a control unit, connected in communication with the smoke detection unit, Wherein, the smoke detection part includes a line laser scanner, a low-light camera, a combined lens and four partitions of the CMOS image plane, The line laser scanner is arranged on the top of the cabin, and is used to form a laser scanning fan light curtain by swinging the line laser, The low-light camera is arranged next to the line laser scanner, The combination lens is arranged on the low-light camera, and is used for projecting the image plane on the quadrants of the CMOS image plane, The four sections of the CMOS image plane are connected to the low-light camera, and by setting coatings or filters, imaging in the ultraviolet band, visible light band, near-infrared band, and infrared band is realized, which are respectively used to monitor spark points of electrical leakage, conventional observation, temperature gradient observation, The control part includes a host, a communication unit and an alarm unit, After the communication unit receives the detection data from the smoke detector, it transmits it to the host, The host computer controls the alarm unit to work based on analyzing and judging the detection data. 2. fire detection and early warning system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: The combination lens is a four-lens fisheye, and the image plane is placed on the four quadrant target surfaces of the CMOS, and different types of fire characteristics are detected through low-light imaging and four-quadrant multi-channel fire detection optical paths. 3. fire detection and early warning system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: Wherein, the control part also includes a data traceable black box, The host is communicatively connected to the data traceable black box to perform bidirectional data transmission. 4. fire detection and early warning system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: Wherein, the control part further includes a fire-fighting executive mechanism, The host computer controls the work of the fire-fighting executive mechanism based on analyzing and judging the detection data. 5. fire detection and early warning system according to claim 4, is characterized in that: Wherein, the fire-fighting executive mechanism directionally extinguishes the fire by starting liquid and dry powder. 6. A fire detection and early warning method, comprising the following steps: S1, the line laser scanner forms a laser scanning fan light curtain by swinging the line laser; S2, the four photosensitive areas of the low-light camera and the four-lens fisheye will transmit the detection data obtained from the cabin detection to the embedded host; S3, after receiving the detection data, the embedded host completes the fire identification feature judgment through analysis and prediction algorithm, and transmits the data to the data traceability black box; S5, if it is judged to be a fire, the embedded host computer controls to issue an alarm command and controls the fire-fighting executive agency to start the fire-extinguishing procedure. 7. fire detection and early warning method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: Wherein, the low-light camera is used to capture the scattering of smoke particles in the scanning fan formed by the line laser to form flash explosion points. 8. fire detection and early warning method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: Among them, the spark point of electrical leakage is monitored in the ultraviolet region, the conventional observation is performed in the visible light region, and the temperature gradient observation is performed in the near-infrared and infrared bands.

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