CN111934059A - Method for supplying cold to cluster electrochemical energy storage device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for supplying cold to a cluster electrochemical energy storage device, and provides a load balancing cooling method for any pipeline topological structure containing a summary bus and the electrochemical energy storage device in cluster arrangement, so that cluster control and mutual backup of the cold supply devices are realized. The method comprises the following specific steps: firstly, a buffer tank is arranged on a summary bus, and a pressure switch is arranged on the buffer tank; then, a communication pipeline, a check valve and a cooling electric valve are arranged on each cooling device, and an opening regulating valve is arranged at the inlet side of each electrochemical energy storage device; then, monitoring the pressure of the buffer tank through a pressure switch, and when the pressure is reduced, opening a cooling electric valve according to priority control logic; and monitoring the electrochemical energy storage device through temperature sensing, and when the temperature rises, opening the opening regulating valve according to the temperature to act and spray cooling medium for cooling until the temperature of the electrochemical energy storage device is reduced to be below a threshold value. The invention realizes cluster control and mutual standby of the cooling devices.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrical equipment, in particular to a method for supplying cold to a cluster electrochemical energy storage device.
Background
The electrochemical energy storage device is often accompanied with the generation of heat in the charging and discharging working process, and a cooling device is required to be configured for the electrochemical energy storage device to cool the electrochemical energy storage device.
In the operation process of charging and discharging of the lithium ion battery, the temperature of the inner cavity of the battery can be increased due to the influence of the existence of internal electrochemical reaction and the rise of the ambient temperature, so that the reaction is intensified; in alpine regions, the reaction rate in the battery is also reduced due to the influence of the low temperature of the environment. The former may cause thermal runaway to cause early battery failure and safety problems, and the latter may also reduce the charge and discharge capacity and efficiency of the battery. Temperature has a great influence on the capacity, power, safety and other properties of the lithium ion battery. Compared with a power battery system, the energy storage system has the advantages that the number of accumulated batteries is larger, and the capacity and power of the batteries are larger. A large number of batteries are tightly arranged in a space, which easily causes the problems of uneven heat generation, uneven temperature distribution, large temperature difference among the batteries and the like. In the past, the charge and discharge performance, capacity, service life and the like of partial batteries are inevitably reduced, so that the performance of the whole system is influenced, and thermal runaway can be caused in serious cases to cause accidents.
Therefore, it is important to ensure the cooling of the electrochemical energy storage device, which affects the efficiency, the life and even the safety of the electrochemical energy storage device. However, the conventional literature focuses on the discussion and research of the thermal management system of the electrochemical energy storage device in the container, and emphasizes the thermal management system in the unit system. The research overview of 4 typical heat management technologies, namely air cooling, liquid cooling, heat pipe cooling and phase change cooling, is reviewed in state of the art analysis on heat management of energy storage systems for high-capacity lithium ion batteries (energy storage science and technology, 2018) by Bin, Wang Luepin, Wang super, etc. Zhang Zifeng, Wang Lin, Chendong hong, etc. in the research on heat dissipation and shock resistance of container energy storage system (energy storage science and technology, 2013,2(6): 642-. The heat dissipation system is composed of an air conditioner, an air guide pipe and an air wall, wherein the air conditioner provides cold air, the air guide pipe guides the cold air into the air wall, and the cold air is sent to each battery pack through the air inlet in the air wall, so that the purpose of balancing a temperature field is achieved. A thermal management system of a container type lithium ion battery energy storage system is built in the design of a container type lithium ion battery energy storage system fire protection system (fire protection science and technology 2020,39(2): 143-.
In the past, the cooling devices of electrochemical energy storage devices have often been gas cooling devices and have been configured independently. The cooling gas capacity stored in the cooling device is limited. If the cold supply device fails to operate, or the temperature of the electrochemical energy storage device cannot be controlled by the limited cooling gas of the cold supply device, a fire will be triggered. At present, the electrochemical energy storage device only adopts a method of setting an oversize allowance to prevent the risks. However, this configuration is not economical for clustering electrochemical energy storage devices and also has the problem of lack of redundancy.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method for supplying cold to a cluster electrochemical energy storage device, which realizes the compatible and mutual-aid function of the cold supply device on the basis of a plurality of units (a plurality of container electrochemical energy storage device systems). Firstly, all the dispersed cooling devices and the clustered electrochemical energy storage devices are connected into a network through a collecting bus. Then, arranging a buffer tank and a pressure switch on the summary bus to realize automatic pressure maintenance on the summary bus cooling loop; each cooling device is provided with a communication pipeline, a check valve and a cooling electric valve to realize automatic cooling compensation of the cooling device to the cold supply loop of the summary bus; and opening regulating valves are arranged at the inlet sides of the electrochemical energy storage devices to realize automatic cooling of the collected buses to the electrochemical energy storage devices. Then, the priority control logics of the standard automatic mode and the manual mode are respectively given, and the opening degree regulating mechanism adopts an inverse time limit regulating mechanism according to the temperature rising trend. And finally, the cluster control of the cold supply devices and the aim of mutually serving as standby are realized.
A method of providing cooling to a clustered electrochemical energy storage device, comprising the steps of:
s1, connecting the cooling devices and the clustered electrochemical energy storage devices into a network through a collecting bus;
s2, installing a buffer tank H on the collection bus, and installing a pressure switch Y on the buffer tank;
s3, arranging a communication pipeline L, a check valve X and a cooling electric valve F on each cooling device G, and arranging an opening degree regulating valve T on the inlet side of each electrochemical energy storage device;
s4, monitoring the pressure of the buffer tank through a pressure switch Y, and opening a cooling electric valve F according to priority control logic when the pressure is reduced;
s5, monitoring the electrochemical energy storage device through temperature sensing, monitoring temperature change, opening the opening regulating valve according to the temperature rising trend to act and spray cooling medium for cooling until the electrochemical energy storage device is cooled to be below a threshold value;
and S6, when the temperature of the electrochemical energy storage device is monitored to be increased to a fire-fighting alarm value, closing the opening regulating valve T, and opening the fire-fighting gas injection device until the temperature of the electrochemical energy storage device is reduced to be below a threshold value.
In the above method, the volume of the buffer tank is 3m3The number of the pressure switches Y arranged on the buffer tank is n +1, wherein n is the number of the cooling devices G, and the functions of the pressure switches are as follows: pressure switch YiCooling device G for ith platform with control priorityiPressure switch Y for starting and stopping and over-high air pressuren+1And controlling each cooling device G to stop completely.
In the method, the cooling device G is a canned compressed cooling medium or a refrigerating machine, and the canned compressed cooling medium is recommended to be adopted; the cooling electric valve F is only in two states of opening and closing; the opening regulating valve T can regulate the opening from 0% to 100%.
In the method, the priority control logic controls the start and stop of the cooling device G according to the priority sequence, the cooling device with the front priority sequence is started first and then stopped, the cooling device with the back priority sequence is stopped first and then started, and the priority control logic has two modes of an automatic mode and a manual mode:
the manual mode is that operation and maintenance personnel force the priority of the cooling device according to the operation and maintenance requirements;
the automatic mode is to automatically calculate the cooling time and the cooling times of the cooling device and switch the priority according to the state of the cooling device, and is obtained by the following steps:
s41, calculating and obtaining the accumulated opening time FT of each cooling device according to the time difference of the opening and closing signals of the cooling electric valves F of each cooling device in the previous statistical period;
s42, obtaining the accumulated opening times FC of each cooling device according to the number of opening signals of the cooling electric valves F of each cooling device in the previous counting period;
s43, obtaining an operation index FK of each cooling device in the last statistical period through FT multiplied by FC calculation;
s44, performing ascending sorting on the operation indexes FK of the cooling devices in the previous statistical period to obtain the priority of the cooling devices in the current statistical period, wherein the higher the operation index FK is, the later the priority is;
s45, the cooling device is started according to the priority, when the current cooling time of the cooling device with the prior priority exceeds the cooling time threshold, or the pressure switch monitors the pressure of the buffer tank to drop to the starting threshold of the next-level cooling device, or the cooling device with the prior priority breaks down, the cooling device with the next priority is started;
and S46, stopping each cooling device when the pressure switch monitors that the pressure of the buffer tank rises to the first priority cooling device stop setting value.
In the method, the statistical period is month; the cold supply time threshold is 10 minutes; the cooling medium of the cooling device is nitrogen.
In the above method, the opening degree adjustment valve is an adjustment mechanism using an inverse time limit according to the temperature increase tendency in S5, that is, the opening degree adjustment valve has a larger opening degree as the temperature increase gradient is larger or the temperature is larger, and has a smaller temperature increase gradient or the temperature is smaller, and has a smaller opening degree as the temperature is smaller.
In the above method, the minimum temperature change operation set value of the opening degree adjustment valve is 3 ℃.
In the method, the control function of opening the cooling electric valve F according to the priority control logic is deployed in the control system of the summary bus, and the control function of opening the opening regulating valve according to the temperature rising trend to act and spray cooling medium for cooling is deployed in the control system of the electrochemical energy storage device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention fills the blank of the engineering field, and has the following advantages and technical effects:
(1) the invention connects the scattered cooling devices and the clustered electrochemical energy storage devices into a network through the collecting buses, realizes cluster control and mutual standby of the cooling devices, provides a load balancing cooling method for any pipeline topological structure containing the collecting buses and the clustered electrochemical energy storage devices, and provides important technical support for ensuring safe production and reliable cooling of the electrochemical energy storage devices. In addition, the electrochemical energy storage devices which are dispersedly arranged do not need to reserve gas cylinders with larger allowance, and the cooling devices which are dispersedly arranged realize standby mutual assistance and cooperative cooling through the application, so that the manufacturing cost of the cooling devices of the electrochemical energy storage devices is reduced.
(2) According to the invention, the buffer tank and the pressure switch are arranged on the collection bus to realize automatic maintenance of the pressure on the cooling loop of the collection bus; each cooling device is provided with a communication pipeline, a check valve and a cooling electric valve to realize automatic cooling compensation of the cooling device for supplying cooling to the summary bus loop; and opening regulating valves are arranged at the inlet sides of the electrochemical energy storage devices to realize automatic cooling of the collected buses to the electrochemical energy storage devices.
(3) The invention provides priority control logics of a standard automatic mode and a manual mode, an opening degree adjusting mechanism adopting an inverse time limit adjusting mechanism according to a temperature rising trend, and a distributed control mechanism, so that the summary bus receives cold from a cold supply device and sends cold to an electrochemical energy storage device through an automatic self-adaptive load balancing method.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for supplying cold to a clustered electrochemical energy storage device according to this embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a topology structure diagram of the pipeline in the present embodiment.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples, but the invention is not limited thereto. It is noted that the processes described below, if not specifically described in detail, are all realizable or understandable by those skilled in the art with reference to the prior art.
A certain battery energy storage station will be described below as an example.
With reference to the flow chart of fig. 1, a method for providing cooling to a clustered electrochemical energy storage device includes the steps of:
and S1, connecting the cooling devices and the clustered electrochemical energy storage devices into a network through a collecting bus. The cooling device can be a canned compressed cooling medium, can be a refrigerator, and is recommended to adopt the canned compressed cooling medium. In this embodiment, the cooling medium of the cooling device is nitrogen.
S2, a buffer tank H is arranged on the collection bus, and a pressure switch Y is arranged on the buffer tank. The volume of the buffer tank is 3m3The number of the pressure switches Y arranged on the buffer tank is n +1, wherein n is the number of the cooling devices G, and the functions of the pressure switches are as follows: the pressure switch Yi controls the start and stop of the ith cooling device Gi of the priority, and the pressure switch Yn +1 controls the full stop of each cooling device G when the air pressure is too high. In this embodiment, the number of the cooling devices G is 4, and the number of the pressure switches Y is 5.
And S3, arranging a communication pipeline L, a check valve X and a cooling electric valve F on each cooling device G, and arranging an opening regulating valve T on the inlet side of each electrochemical energy storage device. In this embodiment, the cooling electric valve F is only opened and closed, and the opening adjusting valve T can adjust the opening from 0% to 100%.
Forming a topological structure diagram as shown in fig. 2, wherein the dotted line part is the cooling device G ═ G of the clustered electrochemical energy storage devices1，G2，G3，G4]The buffer tank H is arranged on the base, and the pressure switch Y is [ Y ═ Y1，Y2，Y3，Y4，Y5]The communicated pipeline L and the check valve X ═ X1，X2，X3，X4]And cooling electric valve F ═ F1，F2，F3，F4]And opening regulating valve T ═ T1，T2，T3，T4]。
S4, monitoring the pressure of the buffer tank through a pressure switch Y, when the pressure is reduced, opening a cooling electric valve F according to priority control logic, wherein the priority control logic controls the cooling device G to start and stop according to priority sequence, the cooling device with the priority sequence in front starts first and then stops, the cooling device with the priority sequence in back stops first and then starts, and the priority control logic has two modes of an automatic mode and a manual mode: the manual mode is that operation and maintenance personnel force the priority of the cooling device according to the operation and maintenance requirements; the automatic mode is to automatically calculate the cooling time and the cooling times of the cooling device and to switch the priority according to the state of the cooling device.
In this embodiment, the automatic mode is selected, that is:
s41, calculating and obtaining the accumulated opening time FT of each cooling device according to the time difference of the opening and closing signals of the cooling electric valves F of each cooling device in the previous month;
s42, obtaining the accumulated opening times FC of each cooling device according to the number of opening signals of the cooling electric valves F of each cooling device in the previous counting period;
s43, obtaining an operation index FK of each cooling device in the last statistical period through FT multiplied by FC calculation;
s44, performing ascending sequencing on the operation indexes FK of the cooling devices in the previous statistical period to obtain the priority of the cooling devices in the current statistical period, wherein the priority of the cooling devices in the current statistical period is 3- >1- >2- > 4;
s45, the cooling device is started according to the priority, when the current cooling time of the cooling device with the prior priority exceeds the cooling time by 10min, or the pressure switch monitors that the pressure of the buffer tank is reduced to the starting threshold value of the cooling device of the next level, or the cooling device with the prior priority breaks down, the cooling device of the next priority is started;
and S46, stopping each cooling device when the pressure switch monitors that the pressure of the buffer tank rises to the first priority cooling device stop setting value.
And S5, monitoring the electrochemical energy storage device through temperature sensing, monitoring temperature change, opening the opening regulating valve according to the temperature rising trend to act and spray cooling medium for cooling until the temperature of the electrochemical energy storage device is reduced to be below a threshold value.
The control function of opening the opening regulating valve according to the temperature rising trend to spray cooling medium for cooling is deployed in a control system of the electrochemical energy storage device.
The opening degree regulating valve is a regulating mechanism adopting inverse time limit according to the temperature rising trend, namely the opening degree regulating valve is larger when the temperature rising gradient is larger or the temperature is larger, the temperature rising gradient is smaller or the temperature is smaller, and the opening degree regulating valve is smaller. In this embodiment, the minimum temperature change operation set value of the opening degree adjustment valve is 3 ℃.
And S6, when the electrochemical energy storage device is monitored to be increased to a fire-fighting alarm value, closing the opening regulating valve T, and opening the fire-fighting gas injection device until the electrochemical energy storage device is cooled to be below a threshold value.
And (4) conclusion:
therefore, according to the method for supplying cold to the electrochemical energy storage devices in the cluster, a load balancing cooling method is provided for any pipeline topology structure containing the summary bus and the electrochemical energy storage devices in the cluster arrangement in an automatic detection and control mode. A buffer tank and a pressure switch are arranged on the summary bus to realize automatic maintenance of pressure on a summary bus cooling loop; each cooling device is provided with a communication pipeline, a check valve and a cooling electric valve to realize automatic cooling compensation of the cooling device for supplying cooling to the summary bus loop; and opening regulating valves are arranged at the inlet sides of the electrochemical energy storage devices to realize automatic cooling of the collected buses to the electrochemical energy storage devices. The standard priority control logics of an automatic mode and a manual mode are given, and an opening degree adjusting mechanism of an inverse time limit adjusting mechanism is adopted according to the temperature rising trend, so that the cold receiving of the summary bus from the cold supply device and the cold sending to the electrochemical energy storage device can be realized through an automatic self-adaptive load balancing method. The cooling device of each dispersed arrangement has realized reserve mutual aid and collaborative cooling through this patent, and then has reduced the cost of electrochemistry energy memory cooling device.
Claims (8)
1. A method of providing cooling to a clustered electrochemical energy storage device, comprising:
s1, connecting the cooling devices and the clustered electrochemical energy storage devices into a network through a collecting bus;
s2, installing buffer tank on the collecting busHAnd a pressure switch is arranged on the buffer tankY；
S3, cooling devicesGIs provided with a communicating pipelineLCheck valveXAnd cooling electric valveFThe inlet side of each electrochemical energy storage device is provided with an opening degree regulating valveT；
S4, passing through a pressure switchYMonitoring the pressure of the buffer tank, and opening the cooling electric valve according to the priority control logic when the pressure is reducedF；
S5, monitoring the temperature change of the electrochemical energy storage device through temperature sensing, and opening the opening regulating valve to act to spray cooling medium for cooling according to the temperature rising trend until the temperature of the electrochemical energy storage device is reduced to be below a threshold value;
s6, when the temperature of the electrochemical energy storage device is monitored to be increased to a fire-fighting alarm value, closing the opening degree regulating valveTAnd starting the fire-fighting gas injection device until the temperature of the electrochemical energy storage device is reduced to be below a threshold value.
2. A method of providing cooling to a clustered electrochemical energy storage device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the volume of the buffer tank in S2 is 3m3A pressure switch arranged on the buffer tankYIs given byn+1, whereinnFor cooling devicesGThe function of each pressure switch is as follows: pressure switchY i Control priority ofiTable cooling deviceG i Pressure switch for starting and stopping and over-high air pressureY n+1Controlling each cooling deviceGStopping completely.
3. The electrochemical energy storage device of claim 1A method of providing cooling, characterized by: the cooling deviceGA canned compressed cooling medium or a refrigerating machine; the cooling electric valveFOnly two states of opening and closing are provided; the opening degree regulating valveTThe opening degree can be adjusted from 0% to 100%.
4. A method of providing cooling to a clustered electrochemical energy storage device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: priority control logic in S4, i.e. controlling the cooling device according to priority sequenceGStarting and stopping, wherein the cooling device with the priority sequence in front is started first and then stopped, the cooling device with the priority sequence in back is stopped first and then started, and the priority control logic has two modes of an automatic mode and a manual mode:
the manual mode is that operation and maintenance personnel force the priority of the cooling device according to the operation and maintenance requirements;
the automatic mode is to automatically calculate the cooling time and the cooling times of the cooling device and switch the priority according to the state of the cooling device, and is obtained by the following steps:
s41, cooling electric valve of each cooling device according to last statistical periodFCalculating the time difference between the on and off signals to obtain the accumulated on time of each cooling deviceFT；
S42, cooling electric valve of each cooling device according to last statistical periodFThe number of the opening signals obtains the accumulated opening times of each cooling deviceFC；
S43, passingFT×FCCalculating to obtain the operation index of each cooling device in the last statistical periodFK；
S44, operation index of each cooling device in last statistical periodFKPerforming ascending sequencing to obtain the priority of the cooling device in the current statistical period;
s45, the cooling device is started according to the priority, when the current cooling time of the cooling device with the prior priority exceeds the cooling time threshold, or the pressure switch monitors the pressure of the buffer tank to drop to the starting threshold of the next-level cooling device, or the cooling device with the prior priority breaks down, the cooling device with the next priority is started;
and S46, stopping each cooling device when the pressure switch monitors that the pressure of the buffer tank rises to the first priority cooling device stop setting value.
5. A method of providing cooling to a clustered electrochemical energy storage device as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the statistical period is month; the cold supply time threshold is 10 minutes; the cooling medium of the cooling device is nitrogen.
6. A method of providing cooling to a clustered electrochemical energy storage device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the opening degree adjusting valve is an adjusting mechanism adopting an inverse time limit according to the temperature rising trend in the step S5, that is, the opening degree adjusting valve is larger when the temperature rising gradient is larger or the temperature is larger, the temperature rising gradient is smaller or the temperature is smaller, and the opening degree adjusting valve is smaller.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the step of providing cooling to the clustered electrochemical energy storage device comprises: the minimum temperature change action set value of the opening regulating valve is 3 ℃.
8. A method of providing cooling to a clustered electrochemical energy storage device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: electric valve for cooling by opening priority control logicFThe control function of the system is deployed in a control system of the summary bus, and the control function of opening the opening regulating valve to act and spray cooling medium for cooling is deployed in a control system of the electrochemical energy storage device according to the temperature rising trend.
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