CN111911111B - Hole sealing material for gas extraction and use method thereof - Google Patents
Hole sealing material for gas extraction and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111911111B CN111911111B CN202010825013.8A CN202010825013A CN111911111B CN 111911111 B CN111911111 B CN 111911111B CN 202010825013 A CN202010825013 A CN 202010825013A CN 111911111 B CN111911111 B CN 111911111B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/10—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by using foaming agents or by using mechanical means, e.g. adding preformed foam
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F7/00—Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose
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Abstract
本发明提供一种瓦斯抽采的封孔材料及其使用方法，涉及矿井安全工程技术领域，封孔材料包括如下重量份的原料:水泥、细砂、膨润土、硅藻土固载微生物、微生物营养液、阻燃剂、水泥外加剂5‑10份及磁化水，硅藻土固载微生物中的微生物是巴氏芽孢杆菌，该硅藻土固载微生物的制备方法为：将硅藻土与巴氏芽孢杆菌菌液按照质量/体积比为1:10g/mL进行混合，经冷冻干燥，得到的硅藻土固载微生物，微生物营养液和巴氏芽孢杆菌菌液的质量比为1‑2:1。本发明提供的一种瓦斯抽采的封孔材料及其使用方法简单易实施；减少了高分子材料的使用，更环保；不仅仅是简单的化学反应，生物化学反应安全性更高；微生物会修复大量的微孔隙、裂缝，封孔效果高，稳定性高。
The invention provides a hole sealing material for gas extraction and a method for using the same, and relates to the technical field of mine safety engineering. Liquid, flame retardant, 5-10 parts of cement admixture and magnetized water, the microorganism in the diatomite-immobilized microorganism is Bacillus pasteuri, and the preparation method of the diatomite-immobilized microorganism is: mixing diatomite and barium The bacillus bacteria liquid is mixed according to mass/volume ratio of 1:10g/mL, and through freeze-drying, the obtained diatomite-immobilized microorganism, the mass ratio of the microbial nutrient solution and the bacillus pasteurian bacteria liquid is 1-2: 1. The sealing material for gas extraction and its using method provided by the invention are simple and easy to implement; the use of polymer materials is reduced, which is more environmentally friendly; it is not only a simple chemical reaction, but also the biochemical reaction is safer; Repair a large number of micro-pores and cracks, with high sealing effect and high stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mine safety engineering, in particular to a hole sealing material for gas extraction and a using method thereof.
Background
Coal bed gas, also known as coal bed gas, is produced in coal beds from stored land. In recent years, with the increasing of underground mining depth and mining strength of coal mines, geological conditions are more and more complex, frequent gas disasters seriously threaten the life safety of mine workers and restrict the development of mine production. However, the coal bed gas is economic combustible gas, is clean, convenient and efficient energy, and has the heat productivity of 33.5-36.8 MJ/m3And no environmental pollution problem exists. The coal bed gas is vigorously developed, and underground resources can be fully utilizedThe source can also improve the mine safety condition and the economic benefit, and is beneficial to improving the local environmental quality and the global atmospheric environment. Therefore, how to develop and utilize coal bed gas more effectively is always the direction and target of efforts of vast researchers.
In China, coal mining is threatened by gas disasters, hidden danger prevention and control have to be carried out by adopting a gas extraction technology, and the gas treatment effect is directly influenced by the gas extraction drilling hole sealing effect along a coal seam. However, the gas extraction drilling and hole sealing have the following problems:
1) polyurethane and other high polymer chemical materials are expensive in manufacturing cost and have large environmental pollution;
2) the hole sealing material mainly made of cement has poor sealing performance and poor hole sealing effect;
3) a large amount of violent chemical reactions have the possibility of causing fire or gas explosion, and the safety is poor;
4) the continuous disturbance of subsequent mining engineering can cause the hole sealing effect to reduce, poor stability.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a hole sealing material for gas extraction and a using method thereof, the method is simple and easy to implement, the use of high polymer materials is reduced, the method is more environment-friendly, the method is not only simple chemical reaction, but also higher in biochemical reaction safety, a large number of micropores and cracks can be repaired by microorganisms, the hole sealing effect is high, and the stability is high.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the hole sealing material for gas extraction comprises, by weight, 50-70 parts of cement, 5-15 parts of fine sand, 5-15 parts of bentonite, 10-40 parts of diatomite immobilized microorganisms, 5-15 parts of a microorganism nutrient solution, 5-15 parts of a flame retardant, 5-10 parts of a cement additive and 10-40 parts of magnetized water, wherein microorganisms in the diatomite immobilized microorganisms are Paenibacillus pasteurianus, and the preparation method of the diatomite immobilized microorganisms comprises the following steps: mixing diatomite and the bacillus pasteurii bacterial liquid according to the mass/volume ratio of 1:10g/mL, stirring for 30-60min, standing for 10min, filtering out particles, washing with normal saline, and freeze-drying to obtain the diatomite immobilized microorganism, wherein the mass ratio of the microorganism nutrient solution to the bacillus pasteurii bacterial liquid is 1-2: 1.
Furthermore, the cement is expansive cement, and the bentonite is calcium bentonite.
Further, the microorganism nutrient solution is a mixture of urea and concentrated mine water in a mass ratio of 1-1.2:1, wherein the total sum of calcium ions and magnesium ions in the concentrated mine water is more than 1g/L, and the total sum of other heavy metal ions is less than 20 mg/L.
Further, the flame retardant is an additive type flame retardant, halogen flame retardant chlorinated paraffin is adopted, the cement admixture comprises a quick-setting agent and a foaming agent, and the quick-setting agent is aluminum oxide clinker, sodium carbonate and calcium oxide according to the mass ratio of 1: 1: 0.5, wherein the foaming agent is a mixture of the cattle and sheep cutin protein and the egg yolk according to the mass ratio of 1:1, in a mixture of the components.
Furthermore, the magnetized water is prepared by magnetizing the concentrated mine water in 0.5T, 0.8T and 0.9T for 10-30 min.
Further, the use steps of the hole sealing material are as follows:
1) and (3) completing the construction of the gas extraction drill hole, and controlling the environment in the drill hole: cleaning a hole by drilling equipment to remove residues in the hole, discharging accumulated water in the hole, keeping the air humidity in the hole at 60-80%, cleaning mixed bacteria in the hole by using microwaves, specifically irradiating the mixed bacteria for 12min by using 500-700W microwaves;
2) installing a hole packer: performing microwave irradiation on the hole packer by using 500-700W microwave for 12min to remove the mixed bacteria;
3) preparing a hole sealing material: weighing the raw materials of the sealing material according to a proportion, mixing and stirring the raw materials uniformly, injecting the hole sealing material into a hole sealing device within 20 minutes, and completing hole sealing, wherein the grouting pressure is more than 0.2MPa, and the termination pressure is more than 0.4 MPa.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a hole sealing material for gas extraction and a use method thereof. In addition, sulfate radicals, chloride ions, calcium ions and the like which are rich in the concentrated mine water are also quick-setting early-strength ions, and are also beneficial to accelerating the hydration reaction.
In addition, the hole sealing material also needs good sealing property to prevent gas from overflowing. Conventional cement is difficult to achieve, so bentonite and microorganism double sealing are adopted. The calcium bentonite and carbonate are easy to generate precipitation to block small pores. And the bacillus pasteurii can decompose urea to generate carbonate ions, so as to induce calcite precipitation, the precipitation has a filling effect on pores and cracks of cement, so that the permeability coefficient is reduced by 1-2 orders of magnitude, and the sealing effect is better. In particular, mine water is rich in calcium ions and magnesium ions, wherein the magnesium ions have higher strength and sealing property than the calcium ions. And the microbial reaction time is long, the influence of coal mining disturbance can be effectively counteracted, and the stability is greatly improved. Moreover, the biochemical reaction replaces the pure chemical reaction, thereby reducing the release of heat energy and greatly improving the safety. The presence of diatomaceous earth may improve the survival time of microorganisms in alkaline environments. The microwave disinfection can greatly reduce the competition of mixed bacteria to the nutrient solution. In addition, the microorganism has certain requirements on the environment, has certain humidity but can not be water, and is suitable for the working environment of the microorganism.
The hole sealing material for gas extraction and the use method thereof provided by the invention are simple and easy to implement, reduce the use of high polymer materials, are more environment-friendly, are not only simple chemical reactions, but also have higher biochemical reaction safety, can repair a large number of micropores and cracks by microorganisms, and have high hole sealing effect and high stability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings needed for the embodiment or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for using the plugging material of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
a coal seam No. 3 is mined in a certain coal mine, but the gas content of the coal seam No. 3 is high, underground gas extraction work must be carried out, and phenomena such as gas leakage and gas overrun occur for many times by adopting a conventional hole sealing technology, so that hole sealing is carried out by adopting a hole sealing material combining cement and microorganisms as follows:
the hole sealing materials used were as follows: 60 parts of cement, 10 parts of fine sand, 10 parts of bentonite, 20 parts of diatomite-immobilized microorganisms, a microorganism nutrient solution, 15 parts of a flame retardant, 5 parts of a cement additive and 30 parts of magnetized water, wherein the cement is expansive cement, the bentonite is calcium bentonite, and the microorganisms in the diatomite-immobilized microorganisms are Paenibacillus pasteurianus, and the preparation method of the diatomite-immobilized microorganisms comprises the following steps: mixing diatomite and a bacillus pasteurii bacterial solution according to the mass/volume ratio of 1:10g/mL, stirring for 45min, standing for 10min, filtering out particles, washing with normal saline, and freeze-drying to obtain the diatomite immobilized microorganism, wherein the mass ratio of the microbial nutrient solution to the bacillus pasteurii bacterial solution is 1.5:1, the microbial nutrient solution is a mixture of urea and concentrated mine water according to the mass ratio of 1:1, the sum of calcium ions and magnesium ions in the concentrated mine water is more than 1g/L, and the sum of other heavy metal ions is less than 20 mg/L.
Wherein the flame retardant is additive flame retardant, and adopts halogen flame retardant chlorinated paraffin. The cement admixture comprises an accelerating agent and a foaming agent, wherein the accelerating agent is aluminum oxide clinker, sodium carbonate and calcium oxide according to the mass ratio of 1: 1: 0.5, wherein the foaming agent is a mixture of the cattle and sheep cutin protein and the egg yolk according to the mass ratio of 1:1, in a mixture of the components. The magnetized water is prepared by magnetizing concentrated mine water in 0.9T for 10 min.
The hole sealing material is applied to the hole sealing engineering of the drill hole, and the steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: and finishing the construction of the gas extraction drill hole and controlling the environment in the drill hole. And (3) sweeping the hole of the drill hole by adopting drilling equipment to remove residues in the hole, completely discharging accumulated water in the drill hole, and keeping the humidity of air in the drill hole at 60%. In addition, the microwave is adopted to clean the mixed bacteria in the drill hole. Irradiating with 600W microwave for 12 min;
step two: installing a hole packer: and (5) carrying out microwave removal on the hole packer. Irradiating with 600W microwave for 12 min;
step three: preparing a hole sealing material: all materials are prepared together, and the prepared materials are injected within 20min after being uniformly stirred.
Step four: injecting a hole sealing material: the grouting pressure is more than 0.2MPa, and the termination pressure is more than 0.4 MPa.
Step five: the hole sealing is completed to extract the gas efficiently, and the gas is not over-limited during the coal resource exploitation.
Example 2:
a coal seam No. 3 is mined in a certain coal mine, but the gas content of the coal seam No. 3 is high, underground gas extraction work must be carried out, and phenomena such as gas leakage and gas overrun occur for many times by adopting a conventional hole sealing technology, so that hole sealing is carried out by adopting a hole sealing material combining cement and microorganisms as follows:
the hole sealing materials used were as follows: 70 parts of cement, 15 parts of fine sand, 5 parts of bentonite, 40 parts of diatomite-immobilized microorganisms, a microorganism nutrient solution, 10 parts of a flame retardant, 10 parts of a cement additive and 35 parts of magnetized water, wherein the cement is expansive cement, the bentonite is calcium bentonite, the microorganisms in the diatomite-immobilized microorganisms are Paenibacillus pasteurianus, and the preparation method of the diatomite-immobilized microorganisms comprises the following steps: mixing diatomite and a bacillus pasteurii bacterial solution according to a mass/volume ratio of 1:10g/mL, stirring for 60min, standing for 10min, filtering out particles, washing with normal saline, and freeze-drying to obtain the diatomite immobilized microorganism, wherein the mass ratio of the microbial nutrient solution to the bacillus pasteurii bacterial solution is 2:1, the microbial nutrient solution is a mixture of urea and concentrated mine water according to a mass ratio of 1.2:1, the total sum of calcium ions and magnesium ions in the concentrated mine water is more than 1g/L, and the total sum of other heavy metal ions is less than 20 mg/L.
Wherein the flame retardant is additive flame retardant, and adopts halogen flame retardant chlorinated paraffin. The cement admixture comprises an accelerating agent and a foaming agent, wherein the accelerating agent is aluminum oxide clinker, sodium carbonate and calcium oxide according to the mass ratio of 1: 1: 0.5, wherein the foaming agent is a mixture of the cattle and sheep cutin protein and the egg yolk according to the mass ratio of 1:1, in a mixture of the components. The magnetized water is prepared by magnetizing concentrated mine water in 0.9T for 10 min.
The hole sealing material is applied to the hole sealing engineering of the drill hole, and the steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: and finishing the construction of the gas extraction drill hole and controlling the environment in the drill hole. And (3) sweeping the hole of the drill hole by adopting drilling equipment to remove residues in the hole, completely discharging accumulated water in the drill hole, and keeping the humidity of air in the drill hole at 80%. In addition, the microwave is adopted to clean the mixed bacteria in the drill hole. Irradiating with 700W microwave for 12 min;
step two: installing a hole packer: and (5) carrying out microwave removal on the hole packer. Irradiating with 700W microwave for 12 min;
step three: preparing a hole sealing material: all materials are prepared together, and the prepared materials are injected within 20min after being uniformly stirred.
Step four: injecting a hole sealing material: the grouting pressure is more than 0.2MPa, and the termination pressure is more than 0.4 MPa.
Step five: the hole sealing is completed to extract the gas efficiently, and the gas is not over-limited during the coal resource exploitation.
Example 3:
a coal seam No. 3 is mined in a certain coal mine, but the gas content of the coal seam No. 3 is high, underground gas extraction work must be carried out, and phenomena such as gas leakage and gas overrun occur for many times by adopting a conventional hole sealing technology, so that hole sealing is carried out by adopting a hole sealing material combining cement and microorganisms as follows:
the hole sealing materials used were as follows: 50 parts of cement, 5 parts of fine sand, 15 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of diatomite-immobilized microorganisms, a microorganism nutrient solution, 10 parts of a flame retardant, 5 parts of a cement additive and 15 parts of magnetized water, wherein the cement is expansive cement, the bentonite is calcium bentonite, and the microorganisms in the diatomite-immobilized microorganisms are Paenibacillus pasteurianus, and the preparation method of the diatomite-immobilized microorganisms comprises the following steps: mixing diatomite and a bacillus pasteurii bacterial liquid according to the mass/volume ratio of 1:10g/mL, stirring for 30min, standing for 10min, filtering out particles, washing with normal saline, and freeze-drying to obtain the diatomite immobilized microorganism, wherein the mass ratio of the microbial nutrient solution to the bacillus pasteurii bacterial liquid is 1:1, the microbial nutrient solution is a mixture of urea and concentrated mine water according to the mass ratio of 1.1:1, the total sum of calcium ions and magnesium ions in the concentrated mine water is more than 1g/L, and the total sum of other heavy metal ions is less than 20 mg/L.
Wherein the flame retardant is additive flame retardant, and adopts halogen flame retardant chlorinated paraffin. The cement admixture comprises an accelerating agent and a foaming agent, wherein the accelerating agent is aluminum oxide clinker, sodium carbonate and calcium oxide according to the mass ratio of 1: 1: 0.5, wherein the foaming agent is a mixture of the cattle and sheep keratin and the egg yolk according to the mass ratio of 1:1, in a mixture of the components. The magnetized water is prepared by magnetizing concentrated mine water in 0.9T for 10 min.
The hole sealing material is applied to the hole sealing engineering of the drill hole, and the steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: and finishing the construction of the gas extraction drill hole and controlling the environment in the drill hole. And (3) sweeping the hole of the drill hole by adopting drilling equipment to remove residues in the hole, completely discharging accumulated water in the drill hole, and keeping the humidity of air in the drill hole at 70%. In addition, the microwave is adopted to clean the mixed bacteria in the drill hole. Irradiating with 500W microwave for 12 min;
step two: installing a hole packer: and (4) carrying out microwave removal on the hole packer to remove the mixed bacteria. Irradiating with 500W microwave for 12 min;
step three: preparing a hole sealing material: all materials are prepared together, and the prepared materials are injected within 20min after being uniformly stirred.
Step four: injecting a hole sealing material: the grouting pressure is more than 0.2MPa, and the termination pressure is more than 0.4 MPa.
Step five: the hole sealing is completed to extract the gas efficiently, and the gas is not over-limited during the coal resource exploitation.
Compared with the conventional cement hole sealing material, the hole sealing material prepared in the embodiments 1-3 of the invention has the permeability reduced by 1-2 orders of magnitude and reaches 10-8cm/s～10-9cm/s, and the mining engineering can still keep the magnitude order after disturbance is actually measured on site, which shows that the sealing property and the stability of the material are better than those of the traditional hole sealing material.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The use method of the hole sealing material for gas extraction is characterized in that the hole sealing material comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 50-70 parts of cement, 5-15 parts of fine sand, 5-15 parts of bentonite, 10-40 parts of diatomite immobilized microorganisms, 5-15 parts of a microorganism nutrient solution, 5-15 parts of a flame retardant, 5-10 parts of a cement additive and 10-40 parts of magnetized water, wherein the microorganisms in the diatomite immobilized microorganisms are bacillus pasteurianus, and the preparation method of the diatomite immobilized microorganisms comprises the following steps: mixing diatomite and a bacillus pasteurii bacterial liquid according to the mass/volume ratio of 1:10g/mL, stirring for 30-60min, standing for 10min, filtering out particles, washing with normal saline, and freeze-drying to obtain diatomite immobilized microorganisms, wherein the mass ratio of the microbial nutrient solution to the bacillus pasteurii bacterial liquid is 1-2: 1;
the hole sealing material comprises the following use steps:
1) and (3) completing the construction of the gas extraction drill hole, and controlling the environment in the drill hole: cleaning a hole by drilling equipment to remove residues in the hole, discharging accumulated water in the hole, keeping the air humidity in the hole at 60-80%, cleaning mixed bacteria in the hole by microwaves, specifically irradiating the mixed bacteria for 12min by using 500-700W microwaves;
2) installing a hole packer: performing microwave irradiation on the hole packer by using 500-700W microwave for 12min to remove the mixed bacteria;
3) preparing a hole sealing material: weighing the raw materials of the sealing material according to a proportion, mixing and stirring the raw materials uniformly, injecting the hole sealing material into a hole sealing device within 20 minutes, and completing hole sealing, wherein the grouting pressure is more than 0.2MPa, and the termination pressure is more than 0.4 MPa.
2. The use method of the hole sealing material for gas extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that the cement is expansive cement, and the bentonite is calcium bentonite.
3. The use method of the hole sealing material for gas extraction according to claim 1, wherein the microorganism nutrient solution is a mixture of urea and concentrated mine water in a mass ratio of 1-1.2:1, wherein the total amount of calcium ions and magnesium ions in the concentrated mine water is more than 1g/L, and the total amount of other heavy metal ions is less than 20 mg/L.
4. The use method of the hole sealing material for gas extraction according to claim 1, wherein the flame retardant is an additive flame retardant, a halogen-based flame retardant chlorinated paraffin is adopted, the cement admixture comprises an accelerating agent and a foaming agent, and the accelerating agent is aluminum oxide clinker, sodium carbonate and calcium oxide, and the mass ratio of the accelerating agent to the foaming agent is 1: 1: 0.5, wherein the foaming agent is a mixture of the cattle and sheep cutin protein and the egg yolk according to the mass ratio of 1:1 in a mixture.
5. The use method of the gas extraction hole sealing material according to claim 1, wherein the magnetized water is prepared by magnetizing concentrated mine water for 10-30min at 0.5T, 0.8T and 0.9T.
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