CN111911077A

CN111911077A - Drilling device with alarming function

Info

Publication number: CN111911077A
Application number: CN202010699271.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陆忠华; 陆青; 宋云峰
Original assignee: Sinopec Oilfield Equipment Corp; Sinopec Jiangzuan Petroleum Machinery Co Ltd
Current assignee: Sinopec Oilfield Equipment Corp; Sinopec Jiangzuan Petroleum Machinery Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-20
Filing date: 2020-07-20
Publication date: 2020-11-10

Abstract

The application relates to a drilling device with alarming function belongs to oil drilling tool technical field, includes: the drill bit comprises a drill bit body, wherein a nozzle for spraying drilling fluid is arranged on the drill bit body; reporting at least one enclosed space provided in the drill bit, the enclosed space being filled with an identifiable substance, the location of the enclosed space being configured to: when the drill bit fails or wears, the enclosed space is opened to allow the identifiable substance to intermix with the drilling fluid. The present application utilizes identifiable substances packed within the drill bit to ascertain blade wear and seal bearing failure conditions of the drilling tool. The identifiable substance can be detected by drilling personnel or monitoring equipment, and the drilling personnel or monitoring equipment can identify and judge the wear degree and failure of the drill bit and give an alarm at the first time. The drilling personnel can timely pull out the drill according to the alarm information, the accuracy and the reliability are realized, the drilling efficiency is improved, and the drilling cost is reduced.

Description

Drilling device with alarming function

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of petroleum drilling tools, in particular to a drilling device with an alarm function.

Background

When drilling a deep well, a directional well and a complex stratum, a roller bit, a PDC bit and a mixed bit are usually adopted to perform pre-crushing and main cutting on the stratum during rotation so as to implement drilling operation. The shoulder parts of the outer side blade noses and the outer row teeth of the roller cone are easy to be subjected to ring grinding damage, even the roller cone falls into a well, or the inner cones of the middle blade wings and the top of the roller cone are subjected to ring grinding, core-out abrasion and even roller cone falling into the well. The PDC drill bit is a drill bit which can be repaired and reused by replacing a composite sheet, and cannot be repaired and used after the blades are excessively worn, so that the drill bit has high cost loss; the roller bit and the mixed bit fall into the well through the roller, which is a major accident in well drilling, can continue to drill after the underground falling objects need to be salvaged, and the salvage cost and the time loss are huge.

Because the drilling engineer analyzes and judges whether the drill bit is started up or not mainly according to the using time of the drill bit, the stratum change, the change of drilling time per meter, the torque change, the bit bounce and the bit bounce at present, the drill bit is often started up early, the using cost of the drill bit is increased, and the number of times of starting and tripping the drill bit is increased; and the later time the drill bit will generate the accident of falling well of the roller cone of the drill bit, and the cost for processing the roller cone salvage is larger. The abrasion degree or failure of the drill bit cannot be accurately judged manually according to the using time of the drill bit, the stratum change, the change of drilling time per meter, the torque change, the bit bounce and the bit bounce, so that the drilling operation time is prolonged, the well falling risk of the gear wheel is increased, and the drilling cost is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a drilling device with an alarm function to solve the problems that the abrasion degree of a drill bit cannot be accurately judged or whether the drill bit fails in the related technology, the drilling operation time is prolonged, the risk of falling of a cone into a well is increased, and the drilling cost is increased.

The embodiment of the application provides a drilling equipment with alarming function, includes:

the drill bit comprises a drill bit body, wherein nozzles for spraying drilling fluid are arranged on the drill bit body;

at least one enclosed space provided in the drill bit, the enclosed space being filled with an identifiable substance, the location of the enclosed space being configured to: when the drill bit fails or wears, the closed space is opened, and the identifiable substance and the drilling fluid are mixed with each other.

In some embodiments: the identifiable substance is a chemical substance, and when the closed space is opened, the chemical substance and the drilling fluid are mixed with each other and are subjected to a chemical combination reaction to generate identifiable gas, and the identifiable gas and the drilling fluid are ascended and circulated to a wellhead.

In some embodiments: the gas logging device is used for monitoring the identifiable gas generated by chemical substance and drilling fluid chemical combination reaction in real time and giving an alarm.

In some embodiments: the identifiable gas is any one or more of acetylene, hydrogen, ammonia, oxygen and carbon dioxide generated by the chemical compound and the drilling fluid combination reaction.

In some embodiments: the identifiable substance is fluorescent substance, metal or plastic with a set shape, and when the drill bit is failed or worn, the fluorescent substance, the metal or the plastic is separated from the closed space, and the fluorescent substance, the metal or the plastic is mixed with the drilling fluid and circulated to a well head.

In some embodiments: the device is characterized by further comprising a rock debris logging sandbox arranged at the wellhead, wherein the rock debris logging sandbox is internally provided with the fluorescent substance, metal or plastic light or magnet for detection.

In some embodiments: the drill bit is a mixed drill bit, and the mixed drill bit is provided with a blade and a bit leg;

the blade and/or the bit leg are/is provided with the closed space, and the distance between the closed space and the blade and/or the outer surface of the bit leg is set.

In some embodiments: the closed space is a hole formed in the blade and/or the bit leg, a sealing cover for sealing the identifiable substance in the hole is arranged at an orifice of the hole, and after the sealing cover is worn, the orifice of the hole is opened, so that the identifiable substance and the drilling fluid are mixed with each other.

In some embodiments: the seal cover is a metal seal cover with a set thickness, and the periphery of the seal cover is in seal welding connection with the hole openings of the holes.

In some embodiments: the tooth palm is rotatably connected with a gear wheel;

a cavity for installing a sealing bearing is arranged between the bit leg and the cone, an oil storage cavity for lubricating the sealing bearing is arranged in the mixed drill bit, and the closed space is the cavity for installing the sealing bearing or the oil storage cavity for lubricating the sealing bearing.

The beneficial effect that technical scheme that this application provided brought includes:

the embodiment of the application provides a drilling equipment with alarming function, because the drilling equipment with alarming function of this application has set up the enclosure space on the drill bit, the enclosure space is filled with distinguishable material, and the position of enclosure space is configured as: when the drill bit became invalid or worn, the enclosed space was opened, made distinguishable material and drilling fluid intermix, and distinguishable material and drilling fluid mix and circulate to the well head, and distinguishable material can be visited by drilling personnel or monitoring facilities, and drilling personnel or monitoring facilities can discern and judge the degree of wear and whether inefficacy of drill bit, are convenient for in time pull out and overhaul.

Accordingly, the drill bit of the drilling apparatus of the present application may be widely applied to roller cone drill bits, PDC drill bits, and hybrid drill bits. The method is characterized in that the characteristic of abnormal failure during drilling of deep wells, directional wells and complex strata is utilized, and the degree of wear and the failure of a drill bit are firstly detected by monitoring identifiable substances in well mouth drilling fluid. The identifiable substance can be detected by drilling personnel or monitoring equipment, and the drilling personnel or monitoring equipment can identify and judge the wear degree and failure of the drill bit and give an alarm at the first time. The drilling personnel can timely pull out and overhaul the drill according to the alarm information, and the method is accurate and reliable, improves the drilling efficiency and reduces the drilling cost.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a front view of a drill bit in an inverted configuration according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 is a top view of the drill bit in the embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals:

1. a blade; 2. a cone; 3. a bit leg; 4. hard alloy teeth; 5. a composite sheet cutting tooth; 6. a nozzle; 7. an aperture; 8. a bit body.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

The embodiment of the application provides a drilling device with an alarm function, and the drilling device can solve the problems that in the related art, the abrasion degree of a drill bit cannot be accurately judged or whether the drill bit fails or not, the drilling operation time is prolonged, the risk of falling of a cone into a well is increased, and the drilling cost is increased.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present application provides a drilling device with an alarm function, including:

the drill bit comprises a drill bit body 8, wherein nozzles 6 for spraying drilling fluid are arranged on the drill bit body 8; the drilling fluid is sprayed out at the nozzle 6 of the drill bit body 8 at extremely high flow velocity, and the formed high-speed jet flow generates strong impact force to the bottom of the well, so that the drilling speed and the rock breaking efficiency are improved. During drilling operation, drilling fluid enters the bottom of the well through the nozzle 6, and the drilling fluid circularly carries rock debris crushed by a drill bit at the bottom of the well to the ground so as to keep the well clean. Meanwhile, during drilling, the drill bit rotates at high temperature all the time to break rock stratum, and a large amount of heat is generated; the heat is taken away in time through the circulation of the drilling fluid, thereby playing the roles of cooling and prolonging the service life of the drilling fluid.

At least one enclosed space is provided on the drill bit, the enclosed space being filled with an identifiable substance, the location of the enclosed space being configured to: when the drill bit fails or wears, the enclosed space is opened to allow the identifiable substance to mix with the drilling fluid. The recognizable substance is mixed with the drilling fluid and circulates to the well head, and the recognizable substance can be visited by drilling personnel or monitoring equipment, and the drilling personnel or monitoring equipment can discern and judge the degree of wear of drill bit and whether inefficacy, are convenient for in time pull out and overhaul. The identifiable substance can be detected by drilling personnel or monitoring equipment and an alarm can be given at a first time. Drilling personnel can timely drill according to the alarm information, and excessive abrasion or failure of the drill bit is avoided.

In some alternative embodiments: referring to fig. 1 and 2, the embodiment of the application provides a drilling device with an alarm function, wherein the identifiable substance of the drilling device is a chemical substance, and when a drill bit fails or is worn, the sealing performance of a closed space is damaged, and the closed space is opened. The chemical substances in the closed space are in contact with the outside drilling fluid to be mixed, and the chemical substances can be powdery substances, liquid substances and gas substances. The chemical substance is mixed with the drilling fluid and then is mixed with the drilling fluid to generate chemical combination reaction and generate identifiable gas, and the identifiable gas and the drilling fluid rise and circulate to a wellhead.

The chemical substances are as follows: the gas can be identified as acetylene, hydrogen, ammonia, oxygen, carbon dioxide and the like generated by chemical combination reaction of chemical substances and drilling fluid. After calcium carbide (calcium carbide), sodium hydride, metal nitride and fluorine gas contact with water in the drilling fluid, a chemical combination reaction is immediately generated to generate identifiable known gases such as acetylene, hydrogen, ammonia gas, oxygen, carbon dioxide and the like. These known gases are circulated up to the wellhead to be detected by drilling personnel or monitoring equipment and to be alarmed.

In order to improve monitoring efficiency and detection accuracy of identifiable gas, the gas logging device (not shown in the figure) is further arranged and arranged at the wellhead for monitoring and identifying the identifiable gas generated by chemical substance and drilling fluid chemical combination reaction in real time and giving an alarm. The logging gas logging device can perform full-time unmanned monitoring operation, has high detection precision, and avoids the problems of misjudgment and hysteresis caused by manual monitoring. The logging gas logging device is particularly suitable for monitoring and alarming when no odor, irritation, toxicity and the like can be identified.

In some alternative embodiments: referring to fig. 1 and 2, the embodiment of the present application provides a drilling device with an alarm function, wherein the identifiable substance of the drilling device is a fluorescent substance, metal or plastic with a set shape and volume, and the surface of the plastic substance is coated with fluorescent paint. The fluorescent substance, metal or plastic may be in the form of a sheet, block or granule, which is insoluble in water and can be screened out in the drilling fluid and rock debris.

Fluorescent material, metal or plastic is filled in the closed space of the drill body. After the drill bit fails or wears, the seal of the enclosed space is broken and the enclosed space is opened. The fluorescent substance, the metal or the plastic in the closed space can be contacted and mixed with the outside drilling fluid after being separated from the drill bit, and the fluorescent substance, the metal or the plastic and the drilling fluid are mixed and circulated to a well head.

In order to be able to screen fluorescent substances, metals or plastics from the drilling fluid: the application also sets up the detritus logging sandbox (not shown in the figure), and the detritus logging sandbox is located the drilling scene of well head, is equipped with the light or the magnet that detect fluorescent substance, metal or plastics in the detritus logging sandbox. By means of the well-logging sand box at the well drilling site, flake or granular fluorescent substances, metals or plastics are searched in the logging rock debris through lights or magnets to give an alarm.

In some alternative embodiments: referring to fig. 1 and 2, the embodiment of the present application provides a drilling device with an alarm function, and a drill bit of the drilling device is preferably a hybrid drill bit, but the drill bit may also be a roller cone drill bit, a PDC drill bit, and the present application takes the hybrid drill bit as an example.

Three groups of blades 1 for breaking rock are arranged on the hybrid drill bit, composite sheet cutting teeth 5 are fixedly arranged on each group of blades 1, three bit legs 3 are welded on a drill body 8 between the three groups of blades 1 respectively, a cone 2 is rotatably connected onto each bit leg 3, hard alloy teeth 4 are inlaid on each cone, closed spaces are arranged on the blades 1 and the bit legs 3, and the distance between each closed space and the depth set on the blades 1 and the outer surface of each bit leg 3 is greater than the depth set on the outer surface of each bit leg 3.

The enclosed space is arranged at the easily worn part of the blade 1 and the bit leg 3, when the mixed drill bit is in drilling operation and reaches a set wear degree, the identifiable substance is exposed or separated out in the enclosed space and is in contact with external drilling fluid to be mixed, and the identifiable substance and the drilling fluid circulate together to a well mouth to be detected by drilling personnel or monitoring equipment.

In some alternative embodiments: referring to fig. 1 and 2, the embodiment of the present application provides a drilling device with an alarm function, the closed space of the drilling device is holes 7 formed on a blade 1 and a bit leg 3, and the number of the holes 7, the size and the depth of the holes 7 are determined according to the actual specification of a drill bit. A sealing cover (not shown) for sealing the identifiable substance in the hole 7 is arranged at the opening of the hole 7, the sealing cover is a metal sealing cover with a set thickness, and the periphery of the sealing cover is in sealing welding connection with the opening of the hole 7.

The hole 7 is located the position that the drill bit easily wore and easily became invalid, and after the drill bit wearing and tearing reached the settlement degree or became invalid, the distinguishable material in the hole 7 can be mixed with the drilling fluid contact, and distinguishable material mixes and circulates to the well head with the drilling fluid.

When the drill bit is in drilling operation and the sealing cover does not reach the set abrasion degree, the identifiable substance is not contacted and mixed with the outside drilling fluid in the hole 7. When the drill bit is in drilling operation and the seal cover is worn through, the hole opening of the hole 7 is opened, the identifiable substance is exposed or separated in the hole 7 to be mixed with the outside drilling fluid in a contact mode, and the identifiable substance is mixed with the drilling fluid and circulated to the wellhead to be detected by drilling personnel or monitoring equipment. Drilling personnel or monitoring facilities can discern and judge the degree of wear and whether inefficacy of drill bit, send alarm information the very first time.

In some alternative embodiments: referring to fig. 1 and 2, the embodiment of the present application provides a drilling device with an alarm function, the closed space of the drill bit is a cavity arranged between a cone 2 and a bit leg 3 for installing a sealing bearing, a journal connected with the sealing bearing is arranged on the bit leg 3, and the cone 2 and the bit leg 3 are in sealed rotary connection through the sealing bearing. An oil storage cavity for lubricating the sealing bearing is arranged in the mixed drill bit and is communicated with the cavity through a lubricating channel.

The closed space is a cavity for installing a sealed bearing or an oil storage cavity for lubricating the sealed bearing. The identifiable substance is sealed in the cavity for installing the sealed bearing or the oil storage cavity for lubricating the sealed bearing, and when the sealed bearing fails or the seal is broken, the identifiable substance sealed in the cavity for installing the sealed bearing or the oil storage cavity for lubricating the sealed bearing is mixed with the drilling fluid. Identifiable substances are mixed with the drilling fluid and circulated to the wellhead, which can be ascertained by drilling personnel or monitoring equipment.

The closed space can also be an accommodating space for filling identifiable substances for processing a non-stressed surface of the sealed bearing and an oil storage cavity, the cone 2 and the palm 3 are sealed by a bearing sealing ring, the sealed bearing and the oil storage cavity are not contacted with drilling fluid, after the sealed bearing fails, the drilling fluid enters the sealed bearing and the oil storage cavity, the drilling fluid and the identifiable substances (chemical substances) in the closed space immediately carry out chemical combination reaction, and the generated identifiable gas circulates to a well head while drilling well fluid. Or when the sealing of the sealing bearing fails, the flaky or granular fluorescent substance, metal or plastic and the drilling fluid in the closed space are mixed and circulated to the well head together with the rock debris.

Principle of operation

The embodiment of the application provides a drilling device with alarming function, and the application fills identifiable substances in the closed space of a bit according to the abnormal failure characteristics of a roller bit, a PDC bit and a mixed bit during drilling of a deep well, a directional well and a complex stratum. The method is used for the first time for detecting the abrasion of the blade 1 and the failure state of the sealed bearing by monitoring identifiable gas in wellhead drilling fluid or checking and monitoring fluorescent substances, metal or plastics in rock debris. This application monitors the wearing and tearing and the failure state of drill bit through following two kinds of modes:

1. when the blade 1 is worn and the sealing bearing fails, identifiable substances (chemical substances) and identifiable gas generated by chemical combination reaction of drilling fluid are responded, the selected chemical substances immediately generate special known gas such as acetylene, hydrogen, ammonia gas, oxygen, carbon dioxide and the like when meeting the drilling fluid, the drilling fluid circulates to a wellhead while drilling, and a real-time logging gas logging device arranged on the wellhead can give an alarm at the first time.

2. When the blade 1 is worn and the sealed bearing fails, identifiable substances (fluorescent substances, metal or plastics) are separated from the closed space, the flaky or granular fluorescent substances, the metal or the plastics are exposed and mixed with drilling fluid, the drilling fluid is circulated to a well head or a vibrating screen together with rock debris, and by means of a rock debris logging sand box at a drilling site, alarming can be carried out by searching the flaky or granular fluorescent substances, the metal or the plastics in the logging rock debris through light or a magnet.

After the alarm information is obtained, the logging operator on duty can inform the driller or drilling engineer on duty to take off the driller or drilling engineer in time. The identifiable substances are embedded in the relevant positions of the drill bit creatively, when the blades are worn and the sealed bearing fails, the embedded identifiable substances react with drilling fluid quickly to generate identifiable gas, or embedded flaky or granular fluorescent substances, metal or plastic are mixed with the drilling fluid and the rock debris to circulate to the wellhead together, and a drilling engineer is prompted that the drill bit is worn by the blades or the risk of the roller cone well falling accident exists. The working personnel on duty timely judges and combines the underground working condition parameters such as pure drilling time, lithology, drilling time, torque and the like to change abnormally, so that the drilling is timely started, and the accidents that the PDC bit and the mixed bit are excessively worn and the mixed bit and the roller cone bit fall into the well due to the fact that the bit is excessively used are avoided.

In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.

It is noted that, in the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The above description is merely exemplary of the present application and is presented to enable those skilled in the art to understand and practice the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A drilling device having an alarm function, comprising:

the drill bit comprises a drill bit body (8), wherein nozzles (6) for spraying drilling fluid are arranged on the drill bit body (8);

2. A drilling device with alarm function according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the identifiable species is configured to: when the enclosed space is opened, the identifiable substance and the drilling fluid are mixed with each other and react to form an identifiable gas.

3. A drilling device with alarm function according to claim 2, characterized in that:

still including setting up in the well head and being used for discerning the gaseous logging gas logging device of discernment, logging gas logging device is used for monitoring discernment gas and warning.

4. A drilling device with alarm function according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that:

the identifiable gas is any one or more of acetylene, hydrogen, ammonia, oxygen and carbon dioxide generated by mixing the identifiable substance with the drilling fluid and reacting.

5. A drilling device with alarm function according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the identifiable substance is a fluorescent substance, metal and/or plastic, and when the drill bit fails or wears, the identifiable substance escapes from the enclosed space, mixes with the drilling fluid and is circulated to the wellhead.

6. The drilling apparatus with alarm function as claimed in claim 5, wherein:

the device is characterized by further comprising a rock debris logging sandbox arranged at the wellhead, wherein the rock debris logging sandbox is internally provided with lamplight or magnets for detecting the fluorescent substances, the metal and/or the plastic.

7. A drilling device with alarm function according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the drill bit is a mixed drill bit, and the mixed drill bit is provided with a blade (1) and a bit leg (3);

the knife wing (1) and/or the tooth palm (3) are/is provided with the closed space, and the distance between the closed space and the knife wing (1) and/or the tooth palm (3) is set to be deep.

8. A drilling assembly having an alarm function as claimed in claim 7, wherein:

the closed space is a hole (7) formed in the blade (1) and/or the bit leg (3), a sealing cover for sealing the identifiable substance in the hole (7) is arranged at an orifice of the hole (7), and after the sealing cover is worn, the orifice of the hole (7) is opened to enable the identifiable substance and the drilling fluid to be mixed with each other.

9. A drilling assembly having an alarm function as claimed in claim 8, wherein:

the sealing cover is a metal sealing cover with a set thickness, and the periphery of the sealing cover is connected with the hole openings of the holes (7) in a sealing and welding mode.

10. A drilling assembly having an alarm function as claimed in claim 7, wherein:

a cone (2) is rotatably connected to the bit leg (3);

a cavity for installing a sealing bearing is arranged between the bit leg (3) and the cone (2), an oil storage cavity for lubricating the sealing bearing is arranged in the mixed drill bit, and the closed space is the cavity for installing the sealing bearing or the oil storage cavity for lubricating the sealing bearing.