CN111911068B - Downhole electric drilling - Google Patents
Downhole electric drilling Download PDFInfo
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- CN111911068B CN111911068B CN202010844772.9A CN202010844772A CN111911068B CN 111911068 B CN111911068 B CN 111911068B CN 202010844772 A CN202010844772 A CN 202010844772A CN 111911068 B CN111911068 B CN 111911068B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 146
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 206010063385 Intellectualisation Diseases 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 37
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 23
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/04—Electric drives
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/02—Determining slope or direction
- E21B47/024—Determining slope or direction of devices in the borehole
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a downhole electric drilling well. The downhole electric drilling comprises a ground part and a downhole part, wherein the ground part comprises a power supply system and a control system, the downhole part comprises a drilling tool (26) and a drilling mechanism arranged at the tail end of the drilling tool (26), the drilling mechanism comprises a drill bit (27), a driving mechanism (28) and a power control device (29), the driving mechanism (28) is in driving connection with the drill bit (27), the power control device (29) is in conductive connection with the driving mechanism (28) and is used for controlling the operation of the driving mechanism (28), and the control system is in conductive connection with the power control device (29) through a cable (24). According to the electric well drilling at the bottom of the well, the drilling depth of the well can be free from or less limited by the well depth, the well drilling capability is greatly improved, and the well drilling intellectualization and automation are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling equipment, in particular to a well bottom electric drilling well.
Background
With the cumulative increase of oil and gas exploitation year by year, oil and gas drilling is gradually developed to deep layers, horizontal wells, complex stratum and accurate drilling, and the maximum drilling depth of conventional drilling equipment is limited to be within 7000m at present. The deep well drilling difficulty of the conventional mechanical well drilling equipment is continuously increased, the deep well drilling capability is limited, the mechanical rock breaking efficiency is low, the pumping pressure is high, the risk is high, the main reason is that the conventional well drilling mechanical power source mainly comes from the ground, the attenuation is gradually increased along with the increase of the well drilling depth in the process of long-distance transmission of the power of the well drilling equipment from the ground surface to the bottom of the well, the energy consumption of the well breaking of the bottom of the well is exponentially increased along with the increase of the depth, the well drilling equipment is often ungainly for well drilling of deep stratum horizontal wells below seven kilometers in vertical direction, the long-distance horizontal wells are very difficult to drill, meanwhile, the well bottom geological guiding signal transmission efficiency is low, the quality is poor, the wireless transmission limits the application of a plurality of underground electric equipment, and the development of deep long-distance horizontal well drilling and intelligent well drilling is restricted. There is a great need in the drilling industry for a drilling technique that is not limited by or is less limited by the depth of the well bottom.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a well bottom electric drilling well, which can ensure that the drilling depth of the well is not limited by the well depth or is less limited by the well depth, greatly improve the drilling capability and realize the intellectualization and automation of the well drilling.
In order to solve the technical problem, as one aspect of the invention, a downhole electric drilling device is provided, comprising a ground part and a downhole part, wherein the ground part comprises a power supply system and a control system, the downhole part comprises a drilling tool and a drilling mechanism arranged at the tail end of the drilling tool, the drilling mechanism comprises a drill bit, a driving mechanism and a power control device, the driving mechanism is in driving connection with the drill bit, the power control device is in conductive connection with the driving mechanism and is used for controlling the operation of the driving mechanism, and the control system is in conductive connection with the power control device through a cable.
Preferably, the downhole portion further comprises a wellbore casing, and the drilling tool and the drilling mechanism are both sleeved in the wellbore casing or in an open hole wellbore.
Preferably, the drive mechanism comprises a variable frequency speed submersible hollow shaft motor.
Preferably, the drill is sleeved with an inner cylinder, a cable fixing frame is arranged on the inner cylinder, and the cable is fixed on the cable fixing frame.
Preferably, the cable fixing frames are multiple, the multiple cable fixing frames are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the drilling tool, and cables on adjacent cable fixing frames are connected through quick-connection electric plugs.
Preferably, the cable comprises an outer tube part located outside the drilling tool and an inner tube part located inside the drilling tool, and an electrically conductive slip ring is arranged at the connection position of the outer tube part and the inner tube part, and the outer tube part and the inner tube part are electrically connected through the electrically conductive slip ring.
Preferably, an inner centralizer is arranged between the cable fixing frame and the drilling tool; and/or an external centralizer is arranged between the cable fixing frame and the shaft sleeve; and/or a lower centralizer is sleeved outside the drilling tool between the conductive slip ring and the driving mechanism.
Preferably, the drilling tool is sleeved with an inner cylinder, a rotation measuring and correcting device is arranged between the inner cylinder and the shaft sleeve, the rotation measuring and correcting device comprises a cable fixing frame, a cable, a rotation measuring mechanism and a rotation correcting mechanism are arranged on the cable fixing frame, the rotation measuring mechanism is used for measuring the rotation angle of the cable fixing frame relative to the shaft sleeve, and the rotation correcting mechanism is used for correcting the cable fixing frame according to the rotation angle measured by the rotation measuring mechanism.
Preferably, the rectification mechanism comprises a rectification motor and a rectification wheel, the rectification wheel is arranged at the output end of the rectification motor, is pressed on the inner wall of the shaft sleeve and interacts with the inner wall of the shaft sleeve under the driving action of the rectification motor to drive the mounting frame to swing to the initial position.
Preferably, the rotation measuring mechanism comprises a rotation measuring motor and a rotation measuring wheel, wherein the rotation measuring wheel is arranged at the input end of the rotation measuring motor, is pressed against the inner wall of the shaft sleeve and interacts with the inner wall of the shaft sleeve under the rotation action of the mounting frame to drive the input shaft of the rotation measuring motor to rotate.
The invention relates to a downhole electric drilling well, which comprises a ground part and a downhole part, wherein the ground part comprises a power supply system and a control system, the downhole part comprises a drilling tool and a drilling mechanism arranged at the tail end of the drilling tool, the drilling mechanism comprises a drill bit, a driving mechanism and a power control device, the driving mechanism is in driving connection with the drill bit, the power control device is in conductive connection with the driving mechanism and is used for controlling the operation of the driving mechanism, and the control system is in conductive connection with the power control device through a cable. The invention relates to a downhole electric drilling, which is characterized in that a driving mechanism is arranged at the tail end of a drilling tool and is directly connected with a drill bit in a driving way, a power control device for controlling the movement of the driving mechanism is also arranged at the tail end of the drilling tool and is directly connected with the driving mechanism in a conductive way, and then the power control device is connected with a control system of a ground part in a conductive way through a cable, so that power can be transmitted to the bottom of the well from the ground through the cable in a long distance, and directly supplies power to the downhole driving mechanism, so that power generated by the driving mechanism directly acts on the drill bit, the drilling capability of the drilling is greatly improved, the sufficient power supply of the drilling is ensured, the drilling depth is not limited by the well depth or is less limited by the well depth, the drilling capability is greatly improved, the intellectualization and automation of the drilling are realized, and the development of automatic drilling and remote control of the drilling is facilitated, and conditions are created for the development of electric tools such as downhole imaging, wired downhole telemetry, various downhole sensors, magnetic guidance, compressors and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 schematically shows a schematic cross-sectional structure of a yaw rate corrector according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a top view of a yaw rate corrector according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 3 schematically illustrates a schematic view of a downhole motor-driven drilling structure in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals in the drawings: 1. a correcting wheel; 2. correcting a transmission shaft; 3. a rotation correction fixing box; 4. a bearing; 5. a first data processor; 6. a correcting motor; 7. a motor base; 8. a data transmission processor; 9. correcting a signal line; 10. a temperature and pressure compensation capsule; 11. a pressure transmitting hole; 12. a pressure compensation pressure transmission pipe; 13. a measuring wheel; 14. measuring and rotating a transmission shaft; 15. a rotation measuring fixed box; 16. a rotation measuring sensor; 17. a power supply connection line; 18. a second data processor; 19. a rotation measuring motor; 20. a cable fixing frame; 21. measuring and converting a signal line; 22. an inner cylinder; 23. a cable penetrating pipe; 24. a cable; 25. a wellbore casing; 26. drilling tool; 27. a drill bit; 28. a driving mechanism; 29. a power control device; 30. a conductive slip ring; 31. an inner centralizer; 32. an outer centralizer; 33. a lower centralizer; 34. a power motor; 35. quick-connection electric plug; 36. a wellhead system; 37. a mud circulation system; 38. a mud tank; 39. a data acquisition processing system; 40. and a power supply cable control system.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the invention in detail, but the invention may be practiced in a variety of different ways, as defined and covered by the claims.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a downhole electric drilling well includes a surface portion and a downhole portion, the surface portion includes a power supply system and a control system, the downhole portion includes a drilling tool 26 and a drilling mechanism disposed at an end of the drilling tool 26, the drilling mechanism includes a drill bit 27, a driving mechanism 28 and a power control device 29, the driving mechanism 28 is in driving connection with the drill bit 27, the power control device 29 is in conductive connection with the driving mechanism 28 for controlling operation of the driving mechanism 28, and the control system is in conductive connection with the power control device 29 through a cable 24.
The electric well drilling at the bottom of the well is characterized in that the driving mechanism 28 is arranged at the tail end of the drilling tool 26 and is directly in driving connection with the drill bit 27, the power control device 29 for controlling the movement of the driving mechanism 28 is also arranged at the tail end of the drilling tool 26 and is directly in conductive connection with the driving mechanism 28, and then the power control device 29 is in conductive connection with a control system of the ground part through the cable 24, so that electric power can be transmitted to the bottom of the well from the ground through the cable 24 in a long distance and is directly supplied to the driving mechanism 28, the power generated by the driving mechanism 28 directly acts on the drill bit 27, the drilling capability of the well is greatly improved, the well drilling power supply is ensured to be sufficient, the well drilling depth is not limited by the well depth or is less limited by the well depth, the well drilling capability is greatly improved, the well drilling intellectualization and automation are realized, and the development of the well drilling is facilitated to be promoted, and conditions are created for the development of electric tools such as well bottom imaging, wired telemetry, various downhole sensors, magnetic guidance, downhole compressors and the like.
The downhole portion further comprises a wellbore casing 25, and a drilling tool 26 and a drilling mechanism are both nested within the wellbore casing 25. The drilling mechanism is located at the end of the drill 26, and during the drilling process, only the driving mechanism 28 needs to be controlled by the power control device 29, and then the drill bit 27 is driven by the driving mechanism 28, so that the drill bit 27 drills. The driving mechanism 28 only needs to provide the drilling rotation force for the drill bit 27 in the whole drilling process, so that the power transmission efficiency is higher, the energy consumption is smaller, and the drilling capability is stronger.
The driving mechanism 28 comprises a variable-frequency speed-regulating submersible hollow shaft motor which is a high-performance high-power three-phase alternating current asynchronous motor and can output larger power to drive the drill bit 27 to rotate for breaking rock. The driving mechanism 28 further comprises a power motor 34, the input end of the power motor 34 is in driving connection with the output end of a variable-frequency speed-regulating submersible hollow shaft motor, the output end of the power motor 34 is in driving connection with the drill bit 27, and the variable-frequency speed-regulating submersible hollow shaft motor drives the drill bit 27 to drill through the power motor 34.
A turbine is arranged in a hollow shaft of the variable-frequency speed-regulating submersible hollow shaft motor, electric energy is converted into rotary energy and hydraulic energy, a slurry flow groove is distributed on a shell, and bottom hole slurry is convenient to carry rock debris to freely return and the motor radiates heat.
The drill coat is provided with an inner barrel 22, the inner barrel 22 is provided with a cable fixing frame 20, and a cable 24 is fixed on the cable fixing frame 20. By arranging the cable fixing frame 20 on the inner barrel 22, the guiding and the alignment of the cable 24 are facilitated, so that the cable 24 can travel according to a preset path, and the problem of winding the drilling tool 26 caused by the wrong trend of the cable 24 is avoided.
In this embodiment, the number of cable holders 20 is plural, the plural cable holders 20 are axially spaced along the drilling tool 26, and the cables 24 on adjacent cable holders 20 are connected by the quick-connect plug 35. The cable fixing frame 20 is used for bearing the cable floating weight and slurry flushing and dragging, and ensures the stability of the fixing structure of the cable 24.
In the process of the drilling tool 26 descending the well, after the position of the cable 24 below is fixed, the other section of cable 24 and the drilling tool 26 are descended together, the two sections of cable 24 are aligned with the quick electric plug 35, and after the two sections of cable 24 are contacted with the quick electric plug 35, the two sections of cable 24 are quickly butted through the quick electric plug 35, so that the connection difficulty of the two sections of cable 24 positioned underground is reduced, the underground connection efficiency of the multi-section cable 24 is improved, and the conductive connection performance between the cables 24 is ensured. When the drill bit 27 is located at a deep position in the pit, the cable 24 is divided into a plurality of sections, so that the cable 24 can be arranged in sections, and then the cable 24 is quickly connected through the quick-connection plug 35, so that the difficulty in descending the pit is reduced, the consistency and conductivity of the whole structure of the cable 24 can be ensured, and long-distance arrangement of the cable 24 in the pit is possible.
The cable 24 comprises an outer tube portion outside the drilling tool 26 and an inner tube portion inside the drilling tool 26, and an electrically conductive slip ring 30 is provided at the connection position of the outer tube portion and the inner tube portion, the outer tube portion and the inner tube portion being electrically connected by the electrically conductive slip ring 30. By arranging the conductive slip ring 30, circumferential sliding connection is formed between the cable 24 outside the drilling tool 26 and the cable 24 in the drilling tool 26, and the cable 24 is allowed to freely rotate in the pipe column of the drilling tool 26, so that the problem that the cable 24 rotates when mud is flushed can be effectively solved, stable conductive connection between the cable 24 outside the drilling tool 26 and the cable 24 in the drilling tool 26 is always kept, and the drilling tool 26 cannot be wound by the cable 24 when the drilling tool 26 rotates is ensured.
An internal centralizer 31 is provided between the cable mount 20 and the drill 26.
An external centralizer 32 is provided between the cable mount 20 and the wellbore casing 25.
A lower centralizer 33 is sleeved outside the drilling tool 26 between the conductive slip ring and the driving mechanism 28.
Through setting up interior centralizer 31, can guarantee the axiality between inner tube 22 and the drilling tool 26, through setting up outer centralizer 32, can guarantee the axiality between inner tube 22 and the pit shaft sleeve 25, through setting up lower centralizer 33, can guarantee the axiality between electrically conductive sliding ring and drilling tool 26 and the pit shaft sleeve 25.
The drilling tool is sleeved with an inner cylinder 22, a rotation measuring and correcting device is arranged between the inner cylinder 22 and a shaft sleeve 25, the rotation measuring and correcting device comprises a cable fixing frame 20, a cable 24, a rotation measuring mechanism and a rotation correcting mechanism are arranged on the cable fixing frame 20, the rotation measuring mechanism is used for measuring the rotation angle of the cable fixing frame 20 relative to the shaft sleeve 25, and the rotation correcting mechanism is used for correcting rotation of the cable fixing frame 20 according to the rotation angle measured by the rotation measuring mechanism.
The rotation angle of the cable fixing frame 20 of the cable 24 relative to the shaft sleeve 25 can be detected in real time by the rotation correction device, and the cable fixing frame 20 is corrected according to the detected rotation angle, so that the position of the cable 24 can be continuously adjusted to an original position, the problem that the cable is damaged due to the fact that the cable 24 is wound around a moving drill string when the cable fixing frame 20 rotates relative to the drill string is effectively avoided, the cable 24 can be kept at a reasonable distance from the drill string all the time, effective fixation of the cable 24 in a narrow space can be achieved, and effective protection of the cable 24 can be achieved.
The correcting mechanism comprises a correcting motor 6 and a correcting wheel 1, wherein the correcting wheel 1 is arranged at the output end of the correcting motor 6, the correcting wheel 1 is pressed on the inner wall of a shaft sleeve 25 and interacts with the inner wall of the shaft sleeve 25 under the driving action of the correcting motor 6 to drive a mounting frame 20 to rotate to an initial position. After the rotation angle of the cable holder 20 relative to the wellbore casing 25 is measured by the rotation measuring mechanism, the circumferential position of the cable holder 20 needs to be corrected by the rotation correcting mechanism, so that the cable holder 20 can return to the initial circumferential position, and further, the cable 24 positioned on the cable holder 20 can return to the original position far relative to the drill string, so that the cable 24 is prevented from winding the drilling tool 26. In order to ensure that sufficient friction exists between the correcting wheel 1 and the inner wall of the shaft sleeve 25, the correcting wheel 1 is prevented from slipping relative to the inner wall of the shaft sleeve 25, and the correcting wheel 1 is ensured to correct the rotation control accuracy and reliability of the mounting frame 20, preferably, the correcting wheel further comprises an extending mechanism, the extending mechanism is arranged between the mounting seat of the correcting motor 6 and the inner barrel 22, has an extending or contracting function, and can enable the mounting seat of the correcting motor 6 to deviate to the shaft sleeve 25 to a certain extent through extending action, so that the correcting wheel 1 is ensured to be pressed on the inner wall of the shaft sleeve 25. The stretching mechanism is a hydraulic cylinder or other structures with telescopic functions.
When the rotation correcting mechanism works, the rotation angle of the cable fixing frame 20 measured by the rotation correcting mechanism is firstly obtained through the controller, then is converted into the number of rotation turns of the rotation correcting wheel 1 through calculation, then the controller sends the number of turns required to rotate of the rotation correcting wheel 1 to the rotation correcting motor 6, the rotation of the rotation correcting motor 6 is controlled to rotate by the corresponding number of rotation, and the rotation of the rotation correcting wheel 1 can be converted into the rotation of the cable fixing frame 20 relative to the shaft sleeve 25 due to the fact that the shaft sleeve 25 is fixed, so that the rotation correcting wheel 1 drives the cable fixing frame 20 to rotate to an initial rotation position along the direction opposite to the previous rotation.
The rotation measuring mechanism comprises a rotation measuring motor 19 and a rotation measuring wheel 13, wherein the rotation measuring wheel 13 is arranged at the input end of the rotation measuring motor 19, the rotation measuring wheel 13 is pressed against the inner wall of the shaft sleeve 25 and interacts with the inner wall of the shaft sleeve 25 under the rotation action of the mounting frame 20 to drive the input shaft of the rotation measuring motor 19 to rotate. An extension mechanism is arranged between the rotation measuring motor 19 where the rotation measuring wheel 13 is located and the inner barrel 22, and the extension mechanism has the function of enabling the rotation measuring wheel 13 to deviate towards the inner wall of the shaft sleeve 25, so that the rotation measuring wheel 13 can be pressed on the inner wall of the shaft sleeve 25.
In this embodiment, the cable fixing frame 20 is further provided with a plurality of independent installation cavities, which specifically includes a rotation measuring mechanism installation cavity, a rotation correcting mechanism installation cavity, a processor installation cavity, etc., wherein the rotation measuring mechanism is installed in the rotation measuring mechanism installation cavity, and the rotation correcting mechanism is installed in the rotation correcting mechanism installation cavity.
The rotation measuring mechanism further comprises a bearing 4, a motor seat 7, a rotation measuring transmission shaft 14, a rotation measuring fixed box 15 and a rotation measuring signal wire 21, wherein the bearing 4 is arranged in the rotation measuring fixed box 15, a rotation measuring motor 19 is arranged on the motor seat 7 in the installation cavity of the rotation measuring mechanism, an output shaft of the rotation measuring motor 19 is arranged on the bearing 4 and extends out of the installation cavity of the rotation measuring mechanism of the cable fixing frame 20 through the bearing 4, and a rotation measuring wheel 13 is arranged on the output shaft of the rotation measuring motor 19 and meshed with the inner wall of the shaft sleeve 25.
The correcting mechanism further comprises a correcting transmission shaft 2, a correcting fixed box 3, a bearing 4, a motor base 7 and a correcting signal wire 9, wherein the bearing 4 is arranged in the correcting fixed box 3, a correcting motor 6 is installed on the motor base 7 in a correcting mechanism installation cavity, an output shaft of the correcting motor 6 is arranged on the bearing 4 and extends out of the correcting mechanism installation cavity of the cable fixing frame 20 through the bearing 4, and the correcting wheel 1 is arranged on the output shaft of the correcting motor 6 and meshed with the inner wall of the shaft sleeve 25.
The first data processor 5, the data transmission processor 8 and the second data processor 18 are arranged in the processor installation cavity, the first data processor 5 and the data transmission processor 8 are integrated on a circuit board, the rotation correction motor 6 is electrically connected to the circuit board through a rotation correction signal wire, so that data transmission between the first data processor 5 and the rotation correction motor 6 is realized, the second data processor 18 is electrically connected to the rotation detection motor 19 through a rotation detection signal wire 21, and therefore rotation data measured by the rotation detection motor 19 are timely processed, data transmission between the first data processor 5 and the second data processor 18 can be realized by the data transmission processor 8, the rotation detection data can be conveniently and rapidly converted into rotation correction data, and rotation correction control is conveniently carried out on the rotation correction motor 6.
The testing and correcting device further comprises a power supply connecting wire 17, wherein the power supply connecting wire 17 is connected to each processor and each motor respectively and is used for supplying power to each processor and each motor.
In this embodiment, the rotation ratio of the measuring wheel 13 to the correcting wheel 1 is 1:1.
When the cable fixing frame 20 rotates relative to the inner wall of the shaft sleeve 25, the rotation measuring wheel 13 drives the rotation measuring motor 19 to rotate, the rotation measuring sensor 16 measures the rotation speed and the rotation amount of the rotation measuring wheel 13, the rotation measuring sensor 16 immediately processes the rotation data after measuring the rotation data, and the rotation measuring sensor 16 sends out a command of reversely rotating the same number of turns at the same speed to the correction wheel 1, and the correction wheel 1 receives and operates according to the command. The rotation power source for rotation measurement and correction comes from a power supply cable driving motor, and the rotating wheel 13 to be measured returns to a standby measurement state when the accumulated rotation quantity is measured to be zero. The device allows the use of an electrically conductive cable to connect to a ground control system, and can send rotational speed and rotational amount, correction speed, correction number of turns, and lag time signals of the cable holder 20 to the ground receiving and control system, and can also select ground control electric signals to intervene in the rotational speed and rotational amount of the operation correction wheel 1, or select an underground automatic rotation measurement correction mode to operate.
The cable mount 20 is capable of up and down movement relative to the wellbore casing 25. The rotation measuring and correcting process of the rotation measuring and correcting device belongs to dynamic balance, allows the cable fixing frame 20 to move up and down along the inner wall of the shaft sleeve 25, does not correct the up-down motion amount and the up-down motion speed, only measures and corrects the rotation speed and the rotation amount, is used for keeping the cable fixing frame 20 not to rotate relative to the shaft sleeve 25, only allows up-down motion, and prevents the cable 24 from winding. The outside of the rotation measuring and correcting device allows side-by-side cables to be used for preventing the cables from winding. The outside of the rotation measuring and correcting device is provided with tile-type slurry flowing grooves which allow circulating slurry to flow freely.
The rotation measuring motor 19 and the rotation correcting motor 6 are arranged between the inner cylinder 22 and the shaft sleeve 25, and the rotation measuring motor 19 and the rotation correcting motor 6 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the shaft sleeve 25. In the application, the rotation correcting motor 6 and the rotation measuring motor 19 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 22, so that the motor arrangement is more reasonable, the annular space between the inner cylinder 22 and the shaft sleeve 25 is more fully utilized, the problem of limited space can be solved, and the space in the shaft sleeve 25 is more fully utilized. In this embodiment, in order to further reduce the volume occupation of the rotation correcting mechanism and the rotation measuring mechanism, the rotation correcting motor 6 and the rotation measuring motor 19 are small-outer-diameter lengthening motors.
The measuring wheel 13 and the correcting wheel 1 are positioned at two ends of the same diameter of the shaft sleeve 25, so that the measuring wheel 13 and the correcting wheel 1 can be uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeve 25, and the whole stress of the cable fixing frame 20 is more balanced and the structure is more stable in the rotation process of the measuring wheel 13 and the correcting wheel 1.
In this embodiment, the cable fixing frame 20 is fixedly installed on the inner cylinder 22, the cable fixing frame 20 is provided with a cable penetrating tube 23, and the cable 24 is penetrated in the cable penetrating tube 23. The cable fixing frame 20 is mounted on the inner cylinder 22, so that the cable fixing frame 20 is convenient to mount and fix.
Vertical teeth are arranged on the correcting wheel 1 and the measuring wheel 13, the vertical teeth can slide up and down relative to the shaft sleeve 25, and guide chamfers are arranged at the upper end and the lower end ports of two adjacent vertical teeth. By forming the guiding chamfer angles between the adjacent vertical teeth, the installation cooperation between the correcting wheel 1, the measuring wheel 13 and the inner wall of the shaft sleeve 25 can be facilitated, and the installation difficulty is reduced.
The cable fixing frame 20 is also provided with a temperature and pressure compensation cavity, a rotation correcting mechanism installation cavity and a rotation measuring mechanism installation cavity, the temperature and pressure compensation cavity is internally provided with a temperature and pressure compensation capsule 10, the temperature and pressure compensation cavity is communicated with an annular cavity between the inner cylinder 22 and the shaft sleeve 25 through a pressure transmission hole 11, and the rotation correcting mechanism installation cavity and the rotation measuring mechanism installation cavity are communicated with the temperature and pressure compensation capsule 10 through a pressure compensation pressure transmission pipe 12.
The installation cavity of the rotation correcting mechanism and the installation cavity of the rotation measuring mechanism are both closed spaces, and hydraulic oil is filled in the closed spaces. The temperature and pressure compensation cavity transmits the temperature and pressure in the annular cavity between the inner barrel 22 and the shaft sleeve 25 to the temperature and pressure compensation cavity through the pressure transmission hole 11, when the temperature and pressure in the annular cavity are larger than the pressure in the correction mechanism installation cavity and the rotation measurement mechanism installation cavity, hydraulic oil in the temperature and pressure compensation cavity 10 flows towards the correction mechanism installation cavity and the rotation measurement mechanism installation cavity under the action of the temperature in the annular cavity until the balance of the pressure in the correction mechanism installation cavity and the rotation measurement mechanism installation cavity and the annular cavity is achieved. When the pressure in the correction mechanism installation cavity and the rotation measuring mechanism installation cavity is smaller than the pressure in the correction mechanism installation cavity and the rotation measuring mechanism installation cavity, hydraulic oil in the correction mechanism installation cavity and the rotation measuring mechanism installation cavity can flow towards the inside of the temperature and pressure compensation capsule 10 until the pressure balance between the correction mechanism installation cavity and the rotation measuring mechanism installation cavity and the annular cavity is achieved. Through setting up temperature and pressure compensation structure for correct a mechanism installation cavity and survey and change mechanism installation cavity temperature and pressure and annular intracavity temperature and pressure balance, thereby avoid the cable mount to correct a mechanism installation cavity and survey and change mechanism installation cavity internal and external pressure unbalance and lead to the unstable problem of structure, improve and survey and change a correction ware job stabilization nature and reliability.
The device can be arranged outside a well section pipe from above the cable penetrating pipe 23 to below a wellhead at intervals according to the length of the cable section, or connected at any position of a drilling tool at a position where a drill rod joint is easy to extrude or easy to wind, including a well section with larger dogleg degree or a drilling tool with large outer diameter.
The outer diameter and the material of the inner tube of the rotation measuring and correcting device are consistent with those of the drilling tool body, the outer side of the rotation measuring and correcting device is provided with a tile-type water tank structure for allowing slurry to flow.
When a plurality of the rotation measuring and correcting devices are used underground, the ground control systems of the rotation measuring and correcting devices independently operate and do not interfere with each other.
The downhole motor-driven drilling of the present application also includes a wellhead system 36, a mud circulation system 37, a mud tank 38, a data acquisition processing system 39, and a power cable control system 40.
The invention aims at supplying power from the ground to the bottom of the well through a cable, generating rotary and hydraulic power after supplying power to an electric motor at the bottom of the well, and being used for breaking rock in drilling holes at the bottom of the well, solving the problems of low rock breaking efficiency of deep well drilling equipment, high pumping pressure, large friction resistance, difficult horizontal drilling pressurization, difficult geosteering, difficult underground power supply while drilling logging, insufficient battery power supply of underground electric equipment, limited development of underground electric equipment and the like, being beneficial to supplying power to an underground parameter measurement while drilling instrument, greatly improving drilling capability, promoting automatic drilling and remote control drilling development, being convenient for realizing real-time dialogue between the bottom of the well and the ground, and creating conditions for development of electric tools such as bottom hole imaging, wired telemetry, various underground sensors, magnetic steering, underground compressors and the like.
Compared with the traditional mechanical drilling, the mechanical drilling machine can generate power at the dynamic well bottom, and the power source is irrelevant to the well depth, so as to solve a plurality of troublesome problems of the traditional mechanical drilling machine for ultra-deep wells and horizontal wells. The well bottom power supply system not only can break through the development bottleneck of the existing drilling equipment, but also provides power for developing integrated electric drilling, automatic drilling, remote control drilling and improving horizontal drilling capacity and efficiency. For example, the device such as the imaging of the bottom of a well while drilling, the continuous logging while drilling in multiple directions, the power supply of a well bottom logging, a well bottom compressor and the like, the development of an electric booster, the adjustment of the well track while drilling, the wired remote measurement and the magnetic guiding technology are promoted, the device has the characteristics of convenience and reliability in ground operation of the well bottom electric device, accuracy and rapidness in cable transmission data, large information quantity and the like, is beneficial to reducing the pressure-resistant grade and the torsion-resistant requirement of the ground device, and can bring revolutionary development to the drilling industry.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The downhole electric drilling machine is characterized by comprising a ground part and a downhole part, wherein the ground part comprises a power supply system and a control system, the downhole part comprises a drilling tool (26) and a drilling mechanism arranged at the tail end of the drilling tool (26), the drilling mechanism comprises a drill bit (27), a driving mechanism (28) and a power control device (29), the driving mechanism (28) is in driving connection with the drill bit (27), the power control device (29) is in conductive connection with the driving mechanism (28) and is used for controlling the operation of the driving mechanism (28), and the control system is in conductive connection with the power control device (29) through a cable (24); the downhole portion further comprises a wellbore casing (25), the drive mechanism (28) comprising a variable frequency speed submersible hollow shaft motor; the drilling tool is sleeved with an inner cylinder (22), a rotation measuring and correcting device is arranged between the inner cylinder (22) and a shaft sleeve (25), the rotation measuring and correcting device comprises a cable fixing frame (20), a cable (24), a rotation measuring mechanism and a rotation correcting mechanism are arranged on the cable fixing frame (20), the rotation measuring mechanism is used for measuring the rotation angle of the cable fixing frame (20) relative to the shaft sleeve (25), and the rotation correcting mechanism is used for correcting the rotation of the cable fixing frame (20) according to the rotation angle measured by the rotation measuring mechanism; the correcting mechanism comprises a correcting motor (6) and a correcting wheel (1), the correcting wheel (1) is arranged at the output end of the correcting motor (6), the correcting wheel (1) is pressed against the inner wall of the shaft sleeve (25) and interacts with the inner wall of the shaft sleeve (25) under the driving action of the correcting motor (6) to drive the cable fixing frame (20) to rotate to an initial position; the rotation measuring mechanism comprises a rotation measuring motor (19) and a rotation measuring wheel (13), the rotation measuring wheel (13) is arranged at the input end of the rotation measuring motor (19), the rotation measuring wheel (13) is pressed and stuck on the inner wall of the shaft sleeve (25), and the rotation measuring wheel interacts with the inner wall of the shaft sleeve (25) under the rotation action of the cable fixing frame (20) to drive the input shaft of the rotation measuring motor (19) to rotate.
2. The downhole electric drilling according to claim 1, wherein the drilling tool (26) and the drilling mechanism are both nested in the wellbore casing (25) or in an open hole wellbore.
3. The downhole electric drilling according to claim 2, wherein the drill casing is provided with an inner barrel (22), the inner barrel (22) being provided with a cable holder (20), the cable (24) being fixed to the cable holder (20).
4. A downhole electric drilling according to claim 3, wherein the number of cable holders (20) is plural, the plural cable holders (20) being axially spaced along the drilling tool (26), and cables (24) on adjacent cable holders (20) being connected by quick connect electrical plugs.
5. A downhole electric drilling according to claim 3, wherein the cable (24) comprises an outer pipe section outside the drilling tool (26) and an inner pipe section inside the drilling tool (26), an electrically conductive slip ring (30) being provided at the connection point of the outer pipe section and the inner pipe section, the outer pipe section and the inner pipe section being electrically conductive connected by the electrically conductive slip ring (30).
6. A downhole electric drilling according to claim 3, wherein an inner centralizer (31) is arranged between the cable holder (20) and the drilling tool (26); and/or an external centralizer (32) is arranged between the cable holder (20) and the wellbore casing (25); and/or a lower centralizer (33) is sleeved outside the drilling tool (26) between the cable fixing frame (20) and the driving mechanism (28).
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| CN2202792Y (en) * | 1994-03-31 | 1995-07-05 | 张登科 | Double-energy integral pump counter-circulation submerged drill |
| GB9810321D0 (en) * | 1998-05-15 | 1998-07-15 | Head Philip | Method of downhole drilling and apparatus therefore |
| GB2534773B (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2020-07-08 | Halliburton Energy Services Inc | Enhancing torque electric motor drive and control system for rotary steerable system |
| CN104832088B (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2015-11-18 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Dynamic guiding type rotary steering drilling tool and investigating method thereof |
| CN107701107B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2019-02-12 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | A kind of static internal push hinged high build rate rotary guide tool and control method |
| CN110578514B (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2025-01-21 | 高九华 | Rotating drill rod directional construction trajectory measurement and correction device |
| CN111441720B (en) * | 2020-05-16 | 2024-12-17 | 杰瑞能源服务有限公司 | Electric drilling device for coiled tubing |
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