CN111918427A - Surface heating sheet and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Surface heating sheet and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111918427A CN111918427A CN202010795534.3A CN202010795534A CN111918427A CN 111918427 A CN111918427 A CN 111918427A CN 202010795534 A CN202010795534 A CN 202010795534A CN 111918427 A CN111918427 A CN 111918427A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- stainless steel
- heating sheet
- sheet
- base material
- manufacturing
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003698 laser cutting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 8
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
- H05B3/26—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/02—Details
- H05B3/06—Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
Landscapes
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a surface heating sheet and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the prior heating sheet has more types, basically has no monopoly characteristic, or has low cost, or has good performance or special characteristic and the like to occupy the market, but no matter what special requirements, the prior heating sheet comprises two basic requirements, namely the cost is low, the heating uniformity is good, the surface heating sheet with the best heating uniformity is adopted, the prior heating sheet basically adopts an etching type and a conductive ink type, the manufacturing process of the prior heating sheet is complex and has high cost, most of the prior heating sheet does not resist high temperature and has poor corrosion resistance, the invention adopts stainless steel as a heating resistor, and the stainless steel has high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, high strength and low cost, and simultaneously discloses a novel manufacturing method to ensure that the total cost is lower.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of heating sheets, in particular to a surface heating sheet which is made of a stainless steel thin plate and has extremely high heating uniformity.
Background
The heating sheets are more in market quantity, so that the existing heating sheets are more and more in type, but basically have no monopoly characteristic, or are low in cost, or have good performance or special characteristics and the like to occupy the market, so that the existing heating sheets are more in type, the performance requirements of the heating sheets in different use occasions are greatly different, if high temperature resistance is required, corrosion resistance is required, and the like, but no matter what special requirements, the two basic requirements are included, namely the cost is low and the heating uniformity is good. At present, the cost of a heating sheet which is installed on a certain base body by a heating wire is the lowest, for example, a silica gel heating wire (the outer layer of a resistance silk thread is silica gel), a carbon fiber heating wire is installed in an aluminum foil interlayer or a PET interlayer, and the like, because the heating part of the heating sheet is on the wire, the heating wire cannot be distributed on the whole surface, and therefore, the uniformity of the heating sheet is poor. The etching type and the conductive ink type are surface heating type, and have good heating uniformity but higher cost.
Some applications have extremely high requirements on uniformity, for example, a thermostatic bathtub which is heated outside a bathtub body is provided, a heating sheet is adhered on the outer surface of the bathtub body, various performances of the thermostatic bathtub are good, the requirements on the heating sheet are extremely high, because most bathtubs are formed by gluing acrylic plates and glass fibers by epoxy resin, acrylic is softened at 70 ℃ and is supported by glass fibers and epoxy resin, the difference between the thermal expansion coefficients of the glass fibers and the acrylic is extremely large, the high temperature can not only cause the softening of the acrylic and can also cause the gluing separation and the layering damage of the acrylic and the epoxy resin, the working temperature of the acrylic bathtub cannot be too high and preferably not exceed 50 ℃, the external heating type thermostatic bathtub heats bath water inside from the outside of the bathtub body to be constant, and a glass fiber layer with extremely poor thermal conductivity is contacted with the heating sheet, the heat conduction difference in temperature is great, and the difference in temperature of the heating wire position that adopts the line to generate heat and non-heating wire position is very big, and the homogeneity is extremely poor, and the temperature that will reach the requirement heating position of constant temperature bathtub will be too high and form the swell and the layering damages, if adopt a surface even heating, just can reduce peak temperature by a wide margin, so only adopt the face heating just can eliminate the inhomogeneous problem of temperature to the object heating of heat conductivity difference, can reduce the heat conduction peak value difference in temperature. There are many products that require high heating uniformity, and only constant temperature baths are exemplified here, and all products are expected to have better heating uniformity, but some products may have poorer uniformity in terms of cost.
At present, medium and low temperature surface heating sheets are basically of an etching type and a conductive ink type, the manufacturing process of the medium and low temperature surface heating sheets is complex and has higher cost, most of substrates of the medium and low temperature surface heating sheets are plastic materials, most of conductive layers of the medium and low temperature surface heating sheets are poor in corrosion resistance and welding performance, and the medium and low temperature surface heating sheets are not suitable for occasions such as a constant temperature bathtub and a humid environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of the existing products and provides a surface heating sheet and a manufacturing method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the surface heating plate is manufactured by a special manufacturing method, the base material is made of a heat insulation material with a certain thickness and can be selected according to the working temperature and the application, the base material can be made of a ceramic fiber board, a mica sheet, an aluminum silicate board, an asbestos board and a rock wool board at a higher working temperature, and the base material can be made of a foaming rubber-plastic material with flame retardance, such as a polystyrene foaming board and a foaming rubber-plastic heat insulation board, at a lower working temperature;
the manufacturing method is characterized in that a whole stainless steel sheet with the same size as the surface of a base material is adhered to the surface of the base material, an insulating groove is cut out by a laser cutting machine, the whole stainless steel sheet is changed into a stainless steel resistance card, the stainless steel resistance card is preferably designed into a spiral shape, leads are welded at two ends of the stainless steel resistance card by soldering tin, or the stainless steel terminal card is welded by a spot welding machine, finally insulating paint is sprayed on the surface, and adhesive glue can be sprayed according to the requirements of customers.
The stainless steel sheet has the greatest advantages of corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, high strength, long service life and moderate resistivity, is particularly suitable for being used as a medium-voltage and low-voltage corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant surface heating sheet, but no good processing method exists at present, so that the stainless steel sheet is hardly used as the heating sheet of the heating resistor in the market at present, and the invention discloses the manufacturing method which has the advantages of simple process and low processing cost, and only the manufacturing method with low cost can lead the high-performance stainless steel heating sheet to occupy the market.
According to the invention, the stainless steel sheet is adhered to the flame-retardant heat-insulating material with a certain thickness, and the whole stainless steel sheet is cut into the stainless steel strip by using the laser cutting machine, so that the resistance of the stainless steel strip meets the design requirement. The resistance value is the most important parameter of the heating sheet and determines the power of the heating sheet according to the ratio of R to U2Calculating resistance value, U is working voltage value, W is heating power, U and W are parameters designated by customer, calculating resistance value, calculating length and width of stainless steel heating bar according to resistivity and plate thickness of stainless steel, and making finished productIs equal to the design value, meeting the voltage and power requirements of the customer.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
the names of the components corresponding to the reference numerals in the figure are as follows:
1. stainless steel resistance cards; 2. a substrate; 3. a lead wire; 4. and an insulating groove.
Detailed Description
For a more clear understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The invention has simple and easy-to-understand structure and has price advantage just because the structure is simpler.
Referring to fig. 1, the surface heating sheet of the invention comprises a stainless steel resistance sheet (1), a base material (2), a lead (3) and an insulation groove (4), and is manufactured by the following method;
the method comprises the following steps of (1) adhering a whole stainless steel sheet with the same surface size as a base material (2) to the surface of the base material (2), cutting an insulation groove (4) by using a laser cutting machine, so that the whole stainless steel sheet is cut into an S-shaped or spiral stainless steel resistance card (1), wherein the spiral shape can be continuously cut and formed at one time to facilitate quick cutting, the resistance card (1) is designed into a spiral shape as much as possible, one port of the spiral resistance card (1) is arranged in the center of a heating sheet, and a small hole can be dug in the base material (2) on the back side to connect a lead (3); the invention adopts the insulating groove (4) cut by the laser cutting machine, the laser cutting has certain penetration rate, therefore, the substrate (2) needs certain thickness to prevent from losing support due to cutting, meanwhile, the laser beam is adjusted to be thicker and smaller, the penetration rate of the laser is reduced, because the thin plate is easy to cut, the laser can penetrate through the stainless steel thin plate and cut into the substrate (2) as little as possible, the substrate (2) is made of a heat-insulating material with flame retardance, the heat-insulating material can play a role in preventing burning during cutting, the substrate (2) can be selected according to the working temperature and application, for example, the substrate can be selected from ceramic fiber boards, mica sheets, aluminum silicate boards, asbestos boards, rock wool boards and rock wool boards with higher working temperature, and the substrate can be selected from foamed rubber-plastic materials with flame retardance, such as polystyrene foamed rubber-plastic heat-insulating boards and foamed rubber-plastic heat. And after cutting, welding the lead wires (3) at two ends of the stainless steel resistance chip (1) by using soldering tin, and finally spraying insulating paint on the surface, wherein adhesive can be sprayed according to the requirements of customers.
Compared with the existing etching type or conductive ink type surface heating sheet, the stainless steel heating sheet has the advantages of low material cost, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and simple manufacturing process, the etching type and the conductive ink type both need printing and plate making, and laser can be directly cut into any shape.
The manufacturing method of the invention is not limited to the use of stainless steel thin plates as the heating resistor disc (1), but stainless steel thin plates are preferred to illustrate the invention, and good materials can be manufactured by the manufacturing method, for example, other materials are adopted to replace stainless steel thin plates, and the manufacturing method infringes the invention.
Claims (1)
1. A surface heating sheet and a manufacturing method thereof are characterized by comprising a stainless steel resistance sheet (1), a base material (2), a lead (3) and an insulating groove (4), and the surface heating sheet is manufactured by adopting a special manufacturing method; the base material (2) is made of a heat-insulating material with a certain thickness and can be selected according to the working temperature and the application, the base material can be made of a ceramic fiber board, a mica sheet, an aluminum silicate board, an asbestos board and a rock wool board which are selected at a higher working temperature, and the base material can be made of a foaming rubber-plastic material with flame retardance, such as a polystyrene foaming board and a foaming rubber-plastic heat-insulating board, which is selected at a lower working temperature;
the manufacturing method is characterized in that a whole stainless steel sheet with the same surface size as the base material (2) is adhered to the surface of the base material (2), an insulating groove (4) is cut out by a laser cutting machine, the whole stainless steel sheet is changed into a stainless steel resistance card (1), the stainless steel resistance card (1) is preferably designed into a spiral shape, then the lead (3) is welded on the two ends of the stainless steel resistance card (1) through soldering tin, the lead (3) can also be welded on the stainless steel terminal card through a spot welding machine, finally insulating paint is sprayed on the surface, and adhesive glue can be sprayed according to the needs of customers.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010795534.3A CN111918427A (en) | 2020-08-10 | 2020-08-10 | Surface heating sheet and manufacturing method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010795534.3A CN111918427A (en) | 2020-08-10 | 2020-08-10 | Surface heating sheet and manufacturing method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111918427A true CN111918427A (en) | 2020-11-10 |
Family
ID=73283548
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010795534.3A Pending CN111918427A (en) | 2020-08-10 | 2020-08-10 | Surface heating sheet and manufacturing method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111918427A (en) |
Citations (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1068412A (en) * | 1991-07-08 | 1993-01-27 | 王仲辰 | Domestic solar-energy water heater |
| CN2207675Y (en) * | 1994-09-05 | 1995-09-13 | 王红 | Energy saving electrothermal pad |
| JPH1113260A (en) * | 1997-06-20 | 1999-01-19 | Riboole:Kk | Terrace deck having floor heating |
| US20060185140A1 (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2006-08-24 | Andresakis John A | Method of making multilayered construction for use in resistors and capacitors |
| HK1085422A1 (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2006-08-25 | 益信发展有限公司 | Stainless steel heater tube and welding procedure for preparation thereof |
| CN2888237Y (en) * | 2006-03-23 | 2007-04-11 | 阿乐斯绝热材料（广州）有限公司 | Thermal insulation pipe |
| CN103376506A (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2013-10-30 | 大豪信息技术（威海）有限公司 | High-efficiency heating tank for optical fiber fusion splicer and optical fiber fusion splicer |
| CN103385235A (en) * | 2012-05-08 | 2013-11-13 | 胡忠良 | Fumigator with reversal plug |
| CN104918340A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-09-16 | 镇江绿材谷新材料科技有限公司 | A carbon fiber electric heating type safety and environmental protection electric floor heating board |
| CN205046874U (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2016-02-24 | 安徽乐金健康科技股份有限公司 | Physiotherapy room of infrared heating structure and applied this structure |
| CN205545995U (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-08-31 | 江苏米阳碳晶科技有限公司 | Stainless steel piece that generates heat |
| KR20170055181A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2017-05-19 | 주식회사 창민테크론 | Planar Heater |
| CN208069347U (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-11-09 | 东莞市国研电热材料有限公司 | A high-power electric heating component |
| CN208317035U (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2019-01-01 | 广东鑫发精密金属科技有限公司 | A flexible stainless steel heating plate |
| CN109121233A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-01-01 | 贵州火焰山电器股份有限公司 | A kind of nano carbon material electric heating diaphragm and installation method |
| CN109429389A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2019-03-05 | 明信医疗株式会社 | The manufacturing method of planar heat producing body |
| KR102108127B1 (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2020-05-07 | 김서일 | Method of manufacturing heater for hot-water of instantaneous heating type |
-
2020
- 2020-08-10 CN CN202010795534.3A patent/CN111918427A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1068412A (en) * | 1991-07-08 | 1993-01-27 | 王仲辰 | Domestic solar-energy water heater |
| CN2207675Y (en) * | 1994-09-05 | 1995-09-13 | 王红 | Energy saving electrothermal pad |
| JPH1113260A (en) * | 1997-06-20 | 1999-01-19 | Riboole:Kk | Terrace deck having floor heating |
| HK1085422A1 (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2006-08-25 | 益信发展有限公司 | Stainless steel heater tube and welding procedure for preparation thereof |
| US20060185140A1 (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2006-08-24 | Andresakis John A | Method of making multilayered construction for use in resistors and capacitors |
| CN2888237Y (en) * | 2006-03-23 | 2007-04-11 | 阿乐斯绝热材料（广州）有限公司 | Thermal insulation pipe |
| CN103385235A (en) * | 2012-05-08 | 2013-11-13 | 胡忠良 | Fumigator with reversal plug |
| CN103376506A (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2013-10-30 | 大豪信息技术（威海）有限公司 | High-efficiency heating tank for optical fiber fusion splicer and optical fiber fusion splicer |
| CN104918340A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-09-16 | 镇江绿材谷新材料科技有限公司 | A carbon fiber electric heating type safety and environmental protection electric floor heating board |
| CN205046874U (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2016-02-24 | 安徽乐金健康科技股份有限公司 | Physiotherapy room of infrared heating structure and applied this structure |
| KR20170055181A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2017-05-19 | 주식회사 창민테크론 | Planar Heater |
| CN205545995U (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-08-31 | 江苏米阳碳晶科技有限公司 | Stainless steel piece that generates heat |
| CN109429389A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2019-03-05 | 明信医疗株式会社 | The manufacturing method of planar heat producing body |
| CN208317035U (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2019-01-01 | 广东鑫发精密金属科技有限公司 | A flexible stainless steel heating plate |
| CN208069347U (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-11-09 | 东莞市国研电热材料有限公司 | A high-power electric heating component |
| CN109121233A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-01-01 | 贵州火焰山电器股份有限公司 | A kind of nano carbon material electric heating diaphragm and installation method |
| KR102108127B1 (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2020-05-07 | 김서일 | Method of manufacturing heater for hot-water of instantaneous heating type |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20201110 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |