CN111859507A - A prefabricated building construction scheme based on BIM technology - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a prefabricated building construction scheme based on BIM technology, which includes establishing a database of different structural parts in BIM application; collecting environmental and geographic information data and using BIM for drawing to obtain an environmental BIM model; selecting different structural parts and The environmental BIM model is preliminarily combined to obtain a combined model; the overlapping interference area is determined and the dimensions of the corresponding structural parts are corrected; the mechanical verification is performed again, and the relevant dimensions and materials are modified; the on-site construction process is designed based on BIM. By standardizing the design of structural parts, selecting different structural parts for preliminary combination and using overlapping interference areas for size correction, and finally performing mechanical verification to ensure that the assembly of each structural part will not interfere and collide, and can be assembled after the completion of the organization. Meeting the mechanical strength required during design can improve assembly efficiency.

Description

A prefabricated building construction scheme based on BIM technology

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of architectural design, in particular to a prefabricated building construction scheme based on BIM technology.

Background technique

BIM is a building information modeling technology, which is a data tool applied to engineering design, construction and management.

Prefabricated buildings are buildings assembled from prefabricated parts at the construction site. According to the form and construction method of prefabricated components, they are divided into five types: block buildings, plate buildings, box buildings, skeleton plate buildings and lift-up buildings. , With the development of modern industrial technology, building houses can be manufactured in batches and sets like machine production, as long as the prefabricated building components are transported to the construction site for assembly.

The traditional two-dimensional design is prone to problems and cannot solve the possible collision problem between prefabricated components.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a prefabricated building construction scheme based on BIM technology, which aims to solve the problem that the traditional two-dimensional design cannot solve the problem of collision between components, which leads to the reduction of assembly efficiency.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a prefabricated building construction scheme based on BIM technology, including: establishing a database of different structural parts in BIM application; collecting environmental and geographic information data and using BIM to draw a map to obtain an environmental BIM model; Select different structural parts and environmental BIM models for preliminary combination to obtain a combined model; determine the overlapping interference area and correct the size of the corresponding structural parts; recombine and perform mechanical verification, modify relevant dimensions and materials; design on-site construction technology based on BIM .

Wherein, the specific steps of establishing a database of different structural parts in the BIM application are: importing an existing three-dimensional building model in the BIM application; If the test passes the test, it is a qualified structural part; if the test fails, it is an unqualified structural part; modify the size and material of the unqualified structural part and re-test until it passes the test and becomes a qualified structural part.

Wherein, the specific steps of establishing the database of different structural parts in the BIM application further include: performing modularization and standardization optimization on qualified structural parts to form a standard structure.

Wherein, the environmental and geographic information data is specifically information on topography, hydrology, climate, and distribution of animals and plants.

Among them, the specific steps of collecting environmental and geographic information data and using BIM for drawing, and obtaining the environmental BIM model are: using a surveying and mapping drone to collect surface information in the area; planning the building area based on topographic and hydrological information; planning; The traffic route related to the building area is obtained, and the environmental BIM model is obtained.

Wherein, the specific steps of determining the overlapping interference area and correcting the size of the corresponding structural member are: retrieving the overlapping area of the model in the combined model; determining the size of the overlapping area of the two related structural members and saving it as an overlapping structure; Overlapping structural parts of two related structural parts; adding overlapping structures to related structural parts and performing stress analysis; comparing the stress analysis results of the two structural parts, and determining the size of each structural part with a standard stress structure.

Wherein, the specific steps of designing the on-site construction process based on BIM are: based on the environmental BIM model, plan the construction stacking area; design the construction route; design the prefabricated wall hoisting process; hoisting process.

Wherein, the specific steps of designing the prefabricated wall hoisting process are: using a tower crane to slowly hoist the outer wall panel and transport it to the working position; the tower crane is guided above the working position to drop the outer wall panel; Pre-embed steel bars on the quasi-ground and insert the steel bars into the exterior wall panels; connect the exterior wall panels and diagonal support rods with bolts to make the exterior wall panels vertical.

Wherein, before the tower crane is used to slowly lift the outer wall panel and transport it to the working position, the construction plan also includes checking whether the connection between the hanging and the outer wall panel is firm, and if not, it needs to be reconnected.

A prefabricated building construction scheme based on BIM technology of the present invention includes establishing a database of different structural parts in BIM application; collecting environmental and geographic information data and using BIM to draw to obtain an environmental BIM model; selecting different structural parts and environments The BIM model is preliminarily combined to obtain a combined model; the overlapping interference area is determined and the dimensions of the corresponding structural parts are corrected; the mechanical verification is performed again, and the relevant dimensions and materials are modified; the site construction process is designed based on BIM. The present invention standardizes the design of structural parts, selects different structural parts for preliminary combination, uses overlapping interference areas for size correction, and finally performs mechanical verification to ensure that the assembly of each structural part will not interfere, and after the organization is completed The mechanical strength that can meet the design requirements can improve the assembly efficiency, thereby solving the problem that the traditional two-dimensional design cannot solve the problem of collision between components, which leads to the reduction of assembly efficiency.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a kind of structural drawing of the prefabricated building construction scheme based on BIM technology of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the flow chart of establishing the database of different structural members in BIM application of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the present invention that collects environment and geographic information data and uses BIM drawing to obtain an environment BIM model;

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of determining the overlapping interference area and correcting the size of the corresponding structural member according to the present invention.

Detailed ways

The following describes in detail the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Please refer to FIG. 1, the present invention provides a BIM technology-based prefabricated building construction scheme, including:

S101 Establish the database of different structural parts in BIM application;

Please refer to Figure 2, the specific steps include:

S201 Import existing 3D building models in BIM applications;

Import the structural design data such as structural drawings provided by the construction unit or design institute into the BIM software, and automatically create a 3D architectural model. If the component creation fails, you need to manually create a 3D model according to the design parameters.

S202 cuts the three-dimensional building model to obtain structural parts;

The structural parts are split at the structural entity position of the 3D building model. The software automatically intercepts the components and steel bars in this area, and exports them as different structural parts, and then the software generates the sleeve connection method of each structural part and the reserved position of the prefabricated structure. , rough surface. In addition, you can also perform functions such as diagonal brace installation and aluminum mold installation hole addition functions for structural parts through the manual modification and the addition of hydroelectric bushings and other modification menus.

S203 Perform stress tests on multiple structural parts respectively, and those that pass the test are qualified structural parts; those that fail the test are unqualified structural parts;

Use the built-in force analysis module of the software to analyze the force of the structural parts, and set the engineering mechanics parameters. When the test structure meets the parameters of engineering mechanics, it means that the structural parts are qualified; Further local modifications are made.

S204 Modify the size and material of the unqualified structural parts and re-test until the test is passed and become a qualified structural part.

First, modify the size of the structural parts, and if the force requirements still cannot be met, modify the material composition so that the structural parts can meet the safety requirements.

S205 performs modularization and standardization optimization on qualified structural parts to form a standard structure.

The building module unit is the standard size unit selected for building structural parts, and is used as a value-added unit in size coordination. The basic size unit selected in the coordination of building modulus, its value is 100mm, the symbol is M, that is, 1M=100mm, and most countries in the world use this as the basic modulus. The integer value of the base modulus is called the extended modulus. The value obtained by dividing the fundamental modulus by an integer is called the fractional modulus. Modularization can make it possible to directly call the design of similar projects in the future without repeating the design of structural parts, which can greatly improve the design efficiency.

S102 Collect environmental and geographic information data and use BIM to draw to obtain the environmental BIM model;

The environmental and geographic information data is specifically information on terrain, hydrology, climate, distribution of animals and plants, etc., which can provide sufficient information for the planning of building areas, and different structural components need to be used according to different building terrains. to meet various construction requirements. Please refer to Figure 3, the specific steps include:

S301 uses surveying and mapping drones to collect surface information in the area;

Surveying and mapping drones can fly autonomously and automatically collect high-precision maps, so as to obtain information on topography, hydrology, climate, distribution of animals and plants, etc.

S302 Plan building areas based on topographic and hydrological information;

The ground has various forms, some places are suitable for buildings, and some places are suitable for animal and plant protection and park construction. In addition, the influence of hydrology in the terrain should be considered. Combine these factors to plan the area of the building, and finally carry out the geological aspects of the building area. Detailed inspection to obtain detailed geological information of the building area.

S303 plans traffic routes related to the building area, and obtains an environmental BIM model.

Traffic routes are not only used for user travel in the future, but are also used for building construction at present. Therefore, after the construction area is determined, planning the traffic route can ensure that various materials can be transported to the corresponding building area for construction. lay the foundation.

S103 Select different structural parts and environmental BIM models for preliminary combination to obtain a combined model;

Different architectural design styles and different types of structural parts may be required in different building areas. Therefore, according to the design requirements, different structural parts are selected in different areas for assembly, which can be used to detect the design effect and make appropriate adjustments. Adjustment.

S104 determines the overlapping interference area and corrects the size of the corresponding structural member;

Please refer to Figure 4, the specific steps include:

S401 retrieves the model overlapping area in the combined model;

Use BIM-related software to retrieve the interference situation of the model and mark it, so that the interference situation of each area in the entire building model can be clearly and intuitively seen.

S402 determines the size of the overlapping area of the two related structural members and saves it as an overlapping structure;

Determine the intersection lines of two structural parts in different sections, and use transition surfaces to connect all intersection lines to generate overlapping structures, and then adjust the accuracy of the overlapping structures to meet the needs of mechanical calculations.

S403 removes the overlapping structural parts of the two related structural members based on the overlapping structure;

First, the overlapping structures are removed from the two related structural parts, and then the overlapping structures are added to the two related structural parts for two force analysis.

S404 Add overlapping structures to relevant structural parts and perform force analysis

S405 compares the force analysis results of the two structural members, and determines the size of each structural member with a standard force-bearing structure.

S105 recombine and perform mechanical verification, modify relevant dimensions and materials;

Perform a total mechanical calculation for all overlapping structures in the building model sequentially from top to bottom, and then make improvements to non-compliant dimensions or change materials to make all structural members meet the mechanical requirements.

S106 Design site construction process based on BIM.

The specific steps of designing the on-site construction process based on BIM are: planning the construction area based on the environmental BIM model, different structures and materials will be used for different building models, so the construction area needs to be planned to determine the different materials. The placement area should be stacked according to the order of hoisting, specifications, varieties, and the number of buildings used. A channel with a width of 0.8-1.2m should be set up between the stacking of different components, and there should be good drainage measures; design the construction route, In the construction process, various materials and wastes need to be transported frequently in and out. Therefore, it is necessary to design material transportation routes and fertilizer output routes to maximize the use of transportation routes. The on-site transportation roads should be flat and solid to prevent the collision of components caused by vehicle shaking. , distortion and deformation; design the wall hoisting sequence, determine the prefabricated wall panel hoisting sequence, follow the principles of ease of construction and installation, the hoisting sequence from one side to the other side can be used, the prefabricated wall hoisting process sequence The specific steps are: check whether the connection between the hanging and the outer wall panel is firm, if not, it needs to be reconnected; use the tower crane to slowly lift the outer wall panel and transport it to the working position; the tower crane is above the working position and guided by the construction personnel Place the outer wall panel to drop; align the outer wall panel with the pre-embedded steel bars on the ground and insert the steel bars into the outer wall panel; connect the outer wall panel and the diagonal support rods by bolts to make the outer wall panel vertical. The specific steps of designing the hoisting process of the laminated board, the stairs and the balcony are: checking whether each component meets the requirements; installing each component and the hanger; hoisting the component and fine-tuning the angle of each component; Hoisting to the installation position; lowering the components and providing temporary support; grouting the connection part; removing the temporary support. The roof hoisting process can be designed according to the same principles to complete the final assembly.

The above disclosure is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and of course, it cannot limit the scope of rights of the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the process for realizing the above-mentioned embodiment can be realized according to the rights of the present invention. The equivalent changes required to be made still belong to the scope covered by the invention.

Claims (9)

1. a prefabricated building construction scheme based on BIM technology, is characterized in that, Including: establishing the database of different structural parts in BIM application; Collect environmental and geographic information data and use BIM drawing to obtain environmental BIM models; Select different structural parts and environmental BIM models for preliminary combination to obtain a combined model; Determine the overlapping interference area and correct the size of the corresponding structural parts; Combine again and perform mechanical verification, modify relevant dimensions and materials; Design on-site construction technology based on BIM. 2. a kind of prefabricated building construction scheme based on BIM technology as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, The specific steps for establishing the database of different structural components in the BIM application are as follows: Import existing 3D building models in BIM applications; Cutting the 3D building model to obtain structural parts; Carry out stress tests on multiple structural parts respectively, and those that pass the test are qualified structural parts; those that fail the test are unqualified structural parts; Modify the size and material of the unqualified structural parts and re-test until the test is passed and become a qualified structural part. 3. a kind of prefabricated building construction scheme based on BIM technology as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, The specific steps of establishing the database of different structural components in the BIM application further include: Modularization and standardization optimization of qualified structural parts are carried out to form standard structures. 4. a kind of prefabricated building construction scheme based on BIM technology as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, The environmental and geographic information data is specifically information on topography, hydrology, climate, and distribution of animals and plants. 5. a kind of prefabricated building construction scheme based on BIM technology as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, The specific steps for acquiring the environmental BIM model by collecting environmental and geographic information data and using BIM for drawing are as follows: Use surveying and mapping drones to collect surface information in the area; Planning of building areas based on topographic and hydrological information; Plan the traffic routes related to the building area and obtain the environmental BIM model. 6. a kind of prefabricated building construction scheme based on BIM technology as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, The specific steps of determining the overlapping interference area and correcting the size of the corresponding structural component are: Retrieve model overlap regions in combined models; Determine the size of the overlapping area of two related structural parts and save it as an overlapping structure; Remove overlapping structural parts of two related structural members based on the overlapping structure; Add overlapping structures to relevant structural parts and perform force analysis; Compare the force analysis results of the two structural members, and determine the dimensions of each structural member with a standard force-bearing structure. 7. A kind of prefabricated building construction scheme based on BIM technology as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, The specific steps of the on-site construction technology based on BIM design are as follows: Based on the environmental BIM model, plan the construction stacking area; Design the construction route; Design prefabricated wall hoisting process; Design the hoisting process of laminated panels, stairs and balconies; Design the hoisting process of the roof. 8. A kind of prefabricated building construction scheme based on BIM technology as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, The specific steps of designing the prefabricated wall hoisting process are as follows: Use the tower crane to slowly lift the outer wall panel and transport it to the working position; After the tower crane is guided above the working position, the outer wall panel falls; Align the exterior wall panel with the pre-embedded steel bars on the ground and insert the steel bars into the exterior wall panel; Connect the outer wall panel and the diagonal struts by bolts to make the outer wall panel vertical. 9. A kind of prefabricated building construction scheme based on BIM technology as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, The construction plan further includes: It is necessary to check whether the connection between the hanging and the external wall panel is firm, if not, it needs to be reconnected.

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