CN111855805A - Multifunctional unmanned double-track flaw detection vehicle - Google Patents
Multifunctional unmanned double-track flaw detection vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN111855805A CN111855805A CN202010759709.5A CN202010759709A CN111855805A CN 111855805 A CN111855805 A CN 111855805A CN 202010759709 A CN202010759709 A CN 202010759709A CN 111855805 A CN111855805 A CN 111855805A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional unmanned double-track flaw detection vehicle which comprises a frame, a driving wheel carrier, two driving track traveling wheels, two wheel type probes and two flaw detection wheel carriers, wherein the driving wheel carrier is arranged on the frame; the driving wheel carrier comprises a beam, two connecting rods and two turnover self-locking structures, and each turnover self-locking structure comprises a furling self-locking mechanism and a flattening self-locking mechanism; the two outer ends of the cross beam are respectively provided with a first end face, and the inner end of the connecting rod is provided with a second end face; the cross beam is arranged at the front end of the frame, the upper surface of the cross beam is connected with the upper surface of the connecting rod through the furling self-locking mechanism, the lower surface of the cross beam is connected with the lower surface of the connecting rod through the flattening self-locking mechanism, and the driving rail travelling wheel is arranged on the outer end of the connecting rod; the two connecting rods are provided with a flattening working position and a furling working position; an encoder is arranged in the driven rail travelling wheel. The invention can reduce the width of the vehicle body, keep the levelness of the vehicle body in a flat state, ensure the rigidity requirement and strong support during running, bear the weight support of the whole unmanned double-track flaw detection vehicle and facilitate manual carrying.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rail flaw detection equipment, in particular to a multifunctional unmanned double-rail flaw detection vehicle.
Background
The rail is subjected to friction, extrusion, bending and impact during acceleration and braking of the train and when passing through rail joints, bends and turnouts, and is extremely easy to damage under the repeated actions. At present, the railway transportation is busy in China, the line condition is poor, the damage rate of the steel rail is high, and the condition that the steel rail is broken due to damage happens occasionally, so that the driving safety is directly endangered. Therefore, in order to ensure the safe operation of the locomotive, the railway system needs to detect the flaw of the steel rail frequently to detect the fatigue defect and the welding defect in the range of the head and the web of the steel rail (including the vicinity of the joint), and the damage conditions of the bottom rust, the crescent falling block, the head crushing and the like, so as to take remedial measures in time and prevent the damage in the bud.
At present, ultrasonic flaw detection is carried out on steel rails by using imported large-scale steel rail ultrasonic flaw detection vehicles in China, the detection speed of the large-scale steel rail ultrasonic flaw detection vehicles can reach 60km/h, and the large-scale steel rail ultrasonic flaw detection vehicles are characterized by high detection efficiency. When the large-scale steel rail ultrasonic flaw detection vehicle needs to be transported far, the long-distance transportation needs to be realized through transportation means such as high-speed rails. However, the ultrasonic flaw detection vehicle for the large steel rail is integrated, the width of the vehicle body occupies a large space, the whole weight is heavy, the carrying is quite inconvenient, and the carrying cost is quite high. At present, the standard track gauge of railways in China is 1435mm, the width of a car body of the large-scale steel rail ultrasonic flaw detection car is 1353 +/-2 mm, the width of elevator doors of a high-speed rail station and a subway station is generally only 1200mm, the width of the car body of the integrated large-scale steel rail ultrasonic flaw detection car is far larger than the width of the elevator doors of the high-speed rail station and the subway station, the car cannot smoothly enter the elevator doors of the high-speed rail station and the subway station, and the car is too large in size and inconvenient to carry.
Disclosure of Invention
The multifunctional unmanned double-rail flaw detection vehicle has a flattening state and a folding state, can reduce the width of a vehicle body, keeps the levelness of the flattening state, ensures the rigidity requirement and strong support during driving, bears the weight support of the whole unmanned double-rail flaw detection vehicle, and is convenient for manual carrying.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a multifunctional unmanned double-track flaw detection vehicle comprises a frame, two driving track traveling wheels, two wheel type probes and two flaw detection wheel frames, wherein the two driving track traveling wheels are respectively arranged on two sides of the front end of the frame, and the two wheel type probes are respectively arranged on the corresponding flaw detection wheel frames; the two flaw detection wheel carriers are respectively and detachably arranged on two sides of the frame and are respectively positioned behind the driving rail travelling wheels on the same side; the flaw detection wheel frame is provided with a driven rail traveling wheel; the method is characterized in that: the folding and unfolding self-locking mechanism comprises a folding and unfolding self-locking mechanism and a folding and unfolding self-locking mechanism; the two outer ends of the cross beam are respectively provided with a first end face, and the inner end of the connecting rod is provided with a second end face matched with the first end face; the cross beam is arranged at the front end of the frame, the upper surface of the cross beam is connected with the upper surface of the connecting rod through the furling self-locking mechanism, the lower surface of the cross beam is connected with the lower surface of the connecting rod through the flattening self-locking mechanism, and the active rail travelling wheel is arranged at the outer end of the connecting rod; two connecting rods all have exhibition flat work position and draw in the work position in: when the two connecting rods are both in the flattening working positions, the two connecting rods and the cross beam are positioned on the same straight line, and the first end face and the second end face are in fit; when the two connecting rods are both in the folding working position, the two connecting rods are both vertical to the cross beam, and the first end surface is vertical to the second end surface; and an encoder is arranged in the driven rail traveling wheel.
The above inner and outer definitions are: the inboard side is the side closer to the frame and the outboard side is the side further from the frame.
In the transportation process, the unfolding self-locking mechanism and the folding self-locking mechanism are unlocked, then the two connecting rods are folded and folded on two sides of the frame, the upper surface of the cross beam and the upper surfaces of the connecting rods are locked again through the folding self-locking mechanism, the two connecting rods are perpendicular to the cross beam, the first end surface is perpendicular to the second end surface, and the two driving rail running wheels are folded and folded on two sides of the frame, so that the width of the body of the flaw detection vehicle is reduced; the two flaw detection wheel frames are detached from the two sides of the frame, so that the two flaw detection wheel frames and the frame can be detached and transported in a split mode, the whole weight of the whole unmanned double-rail flaw detection vehicle is evenly distributed into three parts, the whole weight of the frame in the transportation process is reduced, manual carrying is facilitated, and the split unmanned double-rail flaw detection vehicle can smoothly enter elevator doors of a high-speed rail station and a subway station. The frame of the unmanned double-track flaw detection vehicle can be externally hung with the functional equipment: fastener detector, track board detector, railway movement measurement system, tunnel panorama (trackside), rail surface (light band) detector and synthesize electronic platform, make this kind of unmanned double track flaw detection car can possess the concentrated operation of multinomial function equipment simultaneously, realize multi-functionally detecting a flaw, can dispose corresponding function equipment according to actual need in the later stage working process, improved orbital operation maintenance efficiency.
When the folding self-locking mechanism is used, the folding self-locking mechanism is unlocked, and the two connecting rods extend outwards in the direction away from the frame, so that the two connecting rods and the cross beam are positioned on the same straight line; then, the lower surface of the beam and the lower surfaces of the connecting rods are locked through the flattening self-locking mechanism, and the upper surface of the beam and the upper surfaces of the connecting rods are also locked through the furling self-locking mechanism, so that the first end surface of the beam is in fit with the second end surfaces of the connecting rods, the beam is firmly connected with the connecting rods, the connection between the beam and the two connecting rods can be used as an integral beam, the situation that the two connecting rods cannot bear the weight of a whole vehicle and are separated from the beam when being flattened is avoided, and therefore the two active rail travelling wheels are flattened at two sides of the frame and are placed on the steel rails; and finally, carrying out flaw detection on the steel rail through a wheel type probe, and acquiring the position information of the flaw detection vehicle by using a built-in encoder in the driven rail travelling wheel.
The multifunctional unmanned double-track flaw detection vehicle can keep the levelness of the whole driving wheel carrier when the two connecting rods are unfolded, and ensures the rigidity requirement and strong support of the driving wheel carrier when the flaw detection vehicle runs so as to meet the weight support of the whole unmanned double-track flaw detection vehicle. In addition, two detachable flaw detection wheel frames are additionally arranged on two sides of the frame, so that the driven rail running wheels are independent from the frame, the weight of structural parts is reduced, and the whole unmanned double-rail flaw detection vehicle can stably run on the rail only by integrating the driven rail running wheels and the two driving rail running wheels when running.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the furling self-locking mechanism comprises a fixed plate, a turnover piece, a U-shaped unlocking clamp, an unlocking rotating shaft, two extension springs and two positioning screws, wherein the fixed plate is arranged on the upper surface of the cross beam, and the turnover piece is arranged on the upper surface of the connecting rod; the fixed piece is provided with two first connecting pieces which are oppositely arranged, the inner side of each first connecting piece is provided with a first through hole, the turnover piece is provided with two second connecting pieces which are oppositely arranged, the center of each second connecting piece is provided with a second through hole, the two second connecting pieces are positioned on the outer sides of the two first connecting pieces, and the two second through holes and the two first through holes are positioned on the same straight line; two sides of the fixing sheet and two sides of the turnover sheet sequentially penetrate through the second through hole and the first through hole through the positioning screws to be hinged; a limiting block is arranged on the inner side of the first connecting piece, the limiting block is positioned below the first through hole, a horizontally extending strip-shaped hole is formed in the middle of the first connecting piece, two third through holes are oppositely formed in the U-shaped unlocking clamp, and the unlocking rotating shaft sequentially penetrates through one third through hole, the strip-shaped hole in one first connecting piece, the strip-shaped hole in the other first connecting piece and the other third through hole; a rotating gap is formed between the inner side surface of the U-shaped unlocking clamp and the outer side surface of the first connecting sheet; the edge of the inner side of the second connecting sheet is an arc edge, the arc edge is positioned in the rotating gap, and the arc edge is in contact fit with the surface of the unlocking rotating shaft; a vertical limiting hole and a horizontal limiting hole are arranged along the circumferential direction on the arc-shaped edge, and the vertical limiting hole is positioned above the horizontal limiting hole; two extension springs are arranged between the two first connecting pieces, one end of each extension spring is connected with the unlocking rotating shaft, and the other end of each extension spring is connected with the limiting block. When two connecting rods are in the flattening working position, the fixed sheet and the turnover sheet are located on the same horizontal plane, the unlocking rotating shaft is located on one side, close to the outer side, of the strip-shaped hole, the unlocking rotating shaft is located in the horizontal limiting hole, the horizontal limiting hole plays a self-locking role in the unlocking rotating shaft, and the situation that the unlocking rotating shaft moves in the strip-shaped hole to cause the turnover sheet to turn over is avoided. When two connecting rods draw in, can pull the unblock pivot through manual U-shaped unblock clamp of breaking off with the fingers and thumb and remove in the bar hole, make the unblock pivot remove the bar hole and lean on one side of inside, two extension springs extend between unblock pivot and stopper, the arc border of second connection piece makes a book piece take place to rotate with the surface contact cooperation of unblock pivot in running clearance simultaneously, and then make the unblock pivot be in vertical spacing hole, two extension springs shorten between unblock pivot and stopper, the effect of auto-lock is played to vertical spacing hole to the unblock pivot, avoid the unblock pivot to take place to remove and lead to the turn-over piece to become the exhibition flat state in the bar hole. The furling self-locking mechanism does not need any auxiliary tool, a user can enable the furling self-locking mechanism to carry out self-locking and unlocking by bare hands, the operation is convenient, and the work difficulty is reduced.
As a further preferable scheme of the invention, a hand-held piece is arranged on the U-shaped unlocking clamp. The hand-holding piece on the U-shaped unlocking clamp can increase the hand-holding part of an operator, reduce the counterforce of the U-shaped unlocking clamp on the hand when exerting force, and avoid hand pain caused by the fact that a user rotates the U-shaped unlocking clamp.
According to the preferred scheme of the invention, the flattening self-locking mechanism comprises a flattening support, a clamping handle, a bolt rotating shaft, a right-angle U-shaped bolt, a self-locking handle, a torsion spring, a first bolt, a second bolt and a hook, wherein the flattening support is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the connecting rod, the front end of the clamping handle is hinged with the flattening support through the first bolt, the bolt rotating shaft penetrates through the middle part of the clamping handle, and two ends of the right-angle U-shaped bolt are fixedly arranged on the bolt rotating shaft; the front end of the self-locking handle is hinged with the middle part of the clamping handle through a second bolt, the self-locking handle is positioned above the clamping handle, the second bolt is parallel to the bolt rotating shaft, and the second bolt is positioned behind the bolt rotating shaft; the torsion spring is sleeved outside the rod part of the second bolt, and two torsion arms of the torsion spring are respectively in contact fit with the upper edge of the rear end of the self-locking handle and the upper edge of the bolt rotating shaft; the lower edge of the front end of the self-locking handle is in snap fit with the edge of the flattening support; the hook is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the cross beam and is buckled and connected with the right-angle U-shaped bolt. The front end of the self-locking handle is hinged with the middle part of the clamping handle through a bolt rotating shaft to form a hinge point C, and the self-locking handle is positioned above the clamping handle. When two connecting rods are in the flattening work position, the flattening support and the hook are positioned on the same horizontal plane, the right-angle U-shaped bolt is connected with the hook lock, the front end lower edge of the self-locking handle is in buckle fit with the edge of the flattening support, the hinge point ABC is positioned on the same straight line, the clamping handle is positioned at the dead point position, no matter how the clamping handle is pulled off with the fingers and thumb by a user, the right-angle U-shaped bolt cannot be separated from the hook, the flattening self-locking mechanism is subjected to self-locking, and the right-angle U-shaped bolt is prevented from rotating and being separated from the hook. When the two connecting rods are to be folded, the flattening self-locking mechanism needs to be unlocked firstly, the self-locking handle can be manually pulled downwards, the lower edge of the front end of the self-locking handle is separated from the edge of the flattening support, then the clamping handle is slightly pulled downwards, the clamping handle can be easily withdrawn from the dead point position, and the right-angle U-shaped bolt is separated from the hook and enables the two connecting rods to be folded towards the two sides of the frame.
As a further preferable scheme of the invention, a hook is arranged on the lower edge of the front end of the self-locking handle, and a limiting piece in snap fit with the hook is arranged on the edge of the flattening support; a third bolt is arranged in the middle of the clamping handle and is positioned below the second bolt; and the rod part of the third bolt is in contact fit with the front end of the self-locking handle. The lower edge of the front end of the self-locking handle is matched with the limiting piece through the hook to realize the buckle matching with the edge of the flattening support, and the third bolt below the second bolt plays a role in limiting the rotation of the self-locking handle.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the driven rail traveling wheel comprises a wheel shell, a wheel side cover, a wheel shaft, a first rolling bearing, a second rolling bearing, a flange, a clamping strip and an encoder, wherein a rotatable hollow shaft is arranged in the middle of the encoder, two ends of the wheel shaft are fixedly arranged on the flaw detection wheel carrier, and the first rolling bearing, the flange, the hollow shaft of the encoder and the second rolling bearing are sequentially sleeved on the wheel shaft; the inner ring of the first rolling bearing and the inner ring of the second rolling bearing are fixedly connected with the surface of the wheel shaft, the wheel side cover is locked on the opening of the wheel shell through a screw, the inner ring of the wheel side cover is fixedly connected with the outer ring of the first rolling bearing, and the inner ring on the wheel shell is fixedly connected with the outer ring of the second rolling bearing; one side of the flange is fixedly arranged on the inner side surface of the wheel side cover, the other side of the flange is fixedly connected with the hollow shaft, and the encoder is fixedly arranged on the wheel shaft through a clamping strip. The traditional encoder is arranged on the outer side face of the wheel, the encoder connecting shaft needs to be arranged on the outer side face of the wheel in advance, the encoder is arranged behind the encoder connecting shaft, the number of turns of the wheel in rotation is calculated by utilizing the contact between the outer side face of the wheel and the ground, the structure of the wheel needing to be provided with the encoder connecting shaft in advance is complex, the encoder is easy to collide and damage in the carrying process, the encoder is arranged in the driven rail travelling wheel, the encoder can be hidden, the damage caused by collision is avoided, the use safety and the service life of the encoder are improved, and the structure on the outer side face of the driven rail travelling wheel is simple. The encoder is an incremental encoder, which converts displacement into periodic electrical signals, converts the electrical signals into counting pulses, and expresses the magnitude of the displacement by the number of the pulses. The rolling bearing is generally a deep groove ball bearing.
Two ends of the wheel shaft are fixedly arranged on the flaw detection wheel carrier, so that the wheel shaft does not rotate on the flaw detection wheel carrier; the outer circumferential surface of the wheel shell of the driven rail running wheel is tightly attached to a steel rail to enable the driven rail running wheel to rotate in a friction mode, so that the whole wheel shell, the wheel side cover arranged on the wheel shell, the outer ring of the first rolling bearing and the outer ring of the second rolling bearing are driven to rotate, the hollow shaft synchronously rotates in the middle of the encoder along with the rotation of the wheel side cover, the encoder works, and the position information of the driven rail running wheel is recorded. The encoder synchronously rotates along with the rotation of the wheel shaft of the driven rail travelling wheel, and the driven rail travelling wheel rotates along with the rotation of the driving rail travelling wheel. The number of turns n of the driven rail running wheel is calculated according to the pulse signal generated by the encoder, the outer diameter of the driven rail running wheel is set as d, the actual distance traveled by the driven rail running wheel is set as L2, the fixed distance between the driven rail running wheel and the driving rail running wheel is set as L1, and the specific position L3 of the fatigue defect and the welding defect of the steel rail is calculated to obtain L3 according to the following calculation formula, wherein L3= L2-L1= n pi d-L1.
As a further preferable aspect of the present invention, the outer circumferential surface of the wheel housing is coated with a polyurethane material layer. Of course, other insulating wear-resistant and anti-slip materials can be wrapped on the outer circumferential surface of the wheel shell.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the flaw detection wheel carrier is provided with a quick clamping mechanism, the frame is provided with a side beam, and the flaw detection wheel carrier is arranged on the side beam through the quick clamping mechanism. The rapid clamping mechanism can enable the flaw detection wheel carrier to be rapidly assembled and disassembled from the frame. The specific structure of the flaw detection wheel frame and the quick clamping mechanism can adopt a wheel type probe frame and the quick clamping mechanism disclosed in the utility model patent specification with the authorization notice number of CN 208588397U.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the multifunctional unmanned double-rail flaw detection vehicle has a flattening state and a furled state, can reduce the width of a vehicle body, keeps the flattening levelness, guarantees the rigidity requirement and strong support during running, is supported by bearing the weight of the whole unmanned double-rail flaw detection vehicle, is originally created, can be used as a driven rail travelling wheel, can be quickly disassembled and assembled without any tool, is convenient for manual transportation, and can ensure that the split unmanned double-rail flaw detection vehicle can smoothly enter elevator doors of a high-speed rail station and a subway station.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of two tie bars in a flattened operating position in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of two connecting rods in a furled working position according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the flattening self-locking mechanism of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the furling self-locking mechanism in a flattened state in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the furling self-locking mechanism in a folded state in FIG. 2;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the interior of the driven rail wheel in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the multifunctional unmanned dual-track flaw detection vehicle in this embodiment includes a frame 1, a driving wheel carrier 2, two driving rail traveling wheels 3, two wheel probes (not shown) and two flaw detection wheel carriers 5, where the two driving rail traveling wheels 3 are respectively disposed on two sides of the front end of the frame 1, and the two wheel probes are respectively mounted on the corresponding flaw detection wheel carriers 5; the two flaw detection wheel carriers 5 are respectively and detachably arranged on two sides of the frame 1, and the two flaw detection wheel carriers 5 are respectively positioned behind the driving rail travelling wheels 3 on the same side; the flaw detection wheel frame 5 is provided with a driven rail traveling wheel 51; the driving wheel carrier 2 comprises a beam 21, two connecting rods 22 and two turnover self-locking structures 23, and each turnover self-locking structure 23 comprises a furling self-locking mechanism 231 and a flattening self-locking mechanism 232; two outer ends of the cross beam 21 are respectively provided with a first end surface 211, and the inner end of the connecting rod 22 is provided with a second end surface 221 matched with the first end surface 211; the cross beam 21 is arranged at the front end of the frame 1, the upper surface 212 of the cross beam 21 is connected with the upper surface 222 of the connecting rod 22 through a furling self-locking mechanism 231, the lower surface 213 of the cross beam 21 is connected with the lower surface 223 of the connecting rod 22 through a flattening self-locking mechanism 232, and the driving rail travelling wheel 3 is arranged at the outer end of the connecting rod 22; both connecting rods 22 have a flattening work position and a folding work position: when the two connecting rods 22 are both in the flattening working position, the two connecting rods 22 and the cross beam 21 are positioned on the same straight line, and the first end surface 211 and the second end surface 221 are in fit; when the two connecting rods 22 are both in the folding working position, the two connecting rods 22 are both vertical to the cross beam 21, and the first end surface 211 is vertical to the second end surface 221; an encoder 511 is provided in the driven rail wheel 51.
The above inner and outer definitions are: the side closer to the inside is the side closer to the frame 1, and the side closer to the outside is the side farther from the frame 1.
As shown in fig. 4, the furling self-locking mechanism 231 includes a fixing plate 2311, a folding plate 2312, a U-shaped unlocking clip 2313, an unlocking rotation shaft 2314, two extension springs 2315 and two positioning screws 2316, the fixing plate 2311 is mounted on the upper surface 212 of the cross beam 21, and the folding plate 2312 is mounted on the upper surface 222 of the connecting rod 22; the fixing plate 2311 is provided with two first connecting pieces 2317 which are oppositely arranged, a first through hole 23171 is formed in the inner side of each first connecting piece 2317, the turnover plate 2312 is provided with two second connecting pieces 2318 which are oppositely arranged, a second through hole 23181 is formed in the center of each second connecting piece 2318, the two second connecting pieces 23181 are located on the outer sides of the two first connecting pieces 2317, and the two second through holes 23181 and the two first through holes 23171 are located on the same straight line; both sides of the fixing piece 2311 and both sides of the turnover piece 2312 are hinged through the second through hole 23181 and the first through hole 23171 in sequence by positioning screws 2316; a limiting block 23172 is arranged on the inner side of the first connecting piece 2317, the limiting block 23172 is positioned below the first through hole 23171, a horizontally extending strip-shaped hole 23173 is formed in the middle of the first connecting piece 2317, two opposite third through holes 23131 are formed in the U-shaped unlocking clamp 2313, and the unlocking rotating shaft 2314 sequentially penetrates through one third through hole 23131, the strip-shaped hole 23173 in one first connecting piece 2317, the strip-shaped hole 23173 in the other first connecting piece 2317 and the other third through hole 23131; a rotational gap 2319 is provided between the inner side surface of the U-shaped unlocking clip 2313 and the outer side surface of the first connecting piece 2317; the inside edge of the second connecting piece 2318 is an arc-shaped edge 2310, the arc-shaped edge 2310 is positioned in the rotating gap 2319, and the arc-shaped edge 2310 is in contact fit with the surface of the unlocking rotating shaft 2314; the arc-shaped edge 2310 is provided with a vertical limiting hole 23101 and a horizontal limiting hole 23102 which are arranged along the circumferential direction, and the vertical limiting hole 23101 is positioned above the horizontal limiting hole 23102; two tension springs 2315 are interposed between the two first connection pieces 2317, and one end of each tension spring 2315 is connected to the unlocking rotation shaft 2314 and the other end is connected to the stopper 23172. When the two connecting rods 22 are located at the flattening working positions, the fixing plate 2311 and the turnover piece 2312 are located on the same horizontal plane, the unlocking rotating shaft 2314 is located on one side, close to the outer side, of the strip-shaped hole 23173, the unlocking rotating shaft 2314 is located in the horizontal limiting hole 23102, the horizontal limiting hole 23102 plays a self-locking role in the unlocking rotating shaft 2314, and the situation that the turnover piece 2312 is turned over due to the fact that the unlocking rotating shaft 2314 moves in the strip-shaped hole 23173 is avoided.
As shown in fig. 5, when the two connecting rods 22 are to be folded, the unlocking rotating shaft 2314 is pulled to move in the strip-shaped hole 23173 by manually pulling the U-shaped unlocking clip 2313, so that the unlocking rotating shaft 2314 moves to the side, close to the inner side, of the strip-shaped hole 23173, the two stretching springs 2315 extend between the unlocking rotating shaft 2314 and the limiting block 23172, meanwhile, the arc-shaped edge 2310 of the second connecting piece 2318 is in contact fit with the surface of the unlocking rotating shaft 2314 in the rotating gap 2319 to rotate the folding piece 2312, so that the unlocking rotating shaft 2314 is located in the vertical limiting hole 23101, the two stretching springs 2315 are shortened between the unlocking rotating shaft 2314 and the limiting block 23172, the vertical limiting hole 23101 plays a self-locking role for the unlocking rotating shaft 2314, and the phenomenon that the unlocking rotating shaft 2314 moves in the strip-shaped hole 23173 to cause the folding piece 231. The furling self-locking mechanism 231 does not need any auxiliary tool, and a user can manually lock and unlock the furling self-locking mechanism 231, so that the operation is convenient, and the working difficulty is reduced.
A grip tab 23132 is provided on the U-shaped release clip 2313. The gripping piece 23132 on the U-shaped unlocking clip 2313 can increase the gripping position of an operator, reduce the counterforce of the U-shaped unlocking clip 2313 on the hand when exerting force, and avoid hand pain caused by the fact that a user rotates the U-shaped unlocking clip 2313.
As shown in fig. 3, the flattening self-locking mechanism 232 includes a flattening support 2321, a clamping handle 2322, a bolt rotation shaft 2323, a right-angled U-shaped bolt 2324, a self-locking handle 2325, a torsion spring 2326, a first bolt 2327, a second bolt 2328 and a hook 2329, the flattening support 2321 is fixedly mounted on the lower surface 223 of the connecting rod 22, the front end of the clamping handle 2322 is hinged to the flattening support 2321 through the first bolt 2327, the bolt rotation shaft 2323 is inserted into the middle of the clamping handle 2322, and two ends of the right-angled U-shaped bolt 2324 are fixedly mounted on the bolt rotation shaft 2323; the front end of the self-locking handle 2325 is hinged to the middle of the clamping handle 2322 through a second bolt 2328, the self-locking handle 2325 is located above the clamping handle 2322, the second bolt 2328 is parallel to the bolt rotating shaft 2323, and the second bolt 2328 is located behind the bolt rotating shaft 2323; the torsion spring 2326 is sleeved outside the rod part of the second bolt 2328, and two torsion arms of the torsion spring 2326 are respectively in contact fit with the upper edge of the rear end of the self-locking handle 2325 and the upper edge of the bolt rotating shaft 2323; the lower edge of the front end of the self-locking handle 2325 is in snap fit with the edge of the flattening support 2321; the hook 2329 is fixedly mounted on the lower surface 213 of the beam 21, and the hook 2329 is snap-fitted with the right-angled U-bolt 2324. The flattening support 2321 is fixedly arranged on the lower surface 223 of the connecting rod 22, the hook 2329 is fixedly arranged on the lower surface 213 of the cross beam 21, the front end of the clamping handle 2322 is hinged with the flattening support 2321 through a first bolt 2327 to form a hinge point A, the middle part of the clamping handle 2322 is hinged with a right-angled U-shaped bolt 2324 through a bolt rotating shaft 2323 to form a hinge point B, the front end of the self-locking handle 2325 is hinged with the middle part of the clamping handle 2322 through a second bolt 2328 to form a hinge point C, and the self-locking handle 2325 is located above the clamping handle 2322. When the two connecting rods 22 are located at the flattening working positions, the flattening support 2321 and the hook 2329 are located on the same horizontal plane, the right-angle U-shaped bolt 2324 is connected with the hook 2329 in a buckled mode, the lower edge of the front end of the self-locking handle 2325 is in buckled fit with the edge of the flattening support 2321, the hinge point ABC is located on the same straight line at the moment, the clamping handle 2322 is located at a dead point position, and no matter how the clamping handle 2322 is pulled by a user, the right-angle U-shaped bolt 2324 cannot be separated from the hook 2329, so that the flattening self-locking mechanism 232 is subjected to self-locking, and the right-angle U-shaped bolt 2324 is prevented from rotating and being separated from the. When the two connecting rods 22 are folded, the flattening self-locking mechanism 232 needs to be unlocked, the self-locking handle 2325 can be manually pulled downwards, so that the lower edge of the front end of the self-locking handle 2325 is disengaged from the edge of the flattening support 2321, then the clamping handle 2322 is slightly pulled downwards, the clamping handle 2322 can easily exit from the dead point position, the right-angle U-shaped bolt 2324 is disengaged from the hook 2329, and the two connecting rods 22 are folded towards the two sides of the frame 1.
The lower edge of the front end of the self-locking handle 2325 is provided with a hook 23251, and the edge of the flattening support 2321 is provided with a limiting piece 23211 which is in snap fit with the hook 23251; a third bolt 23221 is arranged in the middle of the clamping handle 2322, and the third bolt 23221 is positioned below the second bolt 2328; and the shank of the third bolt 23221 is in contact engagement with the front end of the self-locking handle 2325. The lower edge of the front end of the self-locking handle 2325 is in snap fit with the edge of the flattening support 2321 through the matching of the hook 23251 and the limiting piece 23211, and the third bolt 23221 located below the second bolt 2328 limits the rotation of the self-locking handle 2325.
As shown in fig. 6, the driven rail traveling wheel 51 includes a wheel shell 518, a wheel side cover 512, a wheel axle 513, a first rolling bearing 514, a second rolling bearing 515, a flange 516, a clamping strip 517 and an encoder 511, a rotatable hollow shaft 519 is provided in the middle of the encoder 511, both ends of the wheel axle 513 are fixedly mounted on the flaw detection wheel carrier 5, and the first rolling bearing 514, the flange 516, the hollow shaft 519 of the encoder 511 and the second rolling bearing 515 are sequentially sleeved on the wheel axle 513; the inner ring of the first rolling bearing 514 and the inner ring of the second rolling bearing 515 are fixedly connected with the surface of the wheel shaft 513, the wheel side cover 512 is locked on an opening of the wheel shell 518 through screws, the inner ring of the wheel side cover 512 is fixedly connected with the outer ring of the first rolling bearing 514, and the inner ring of the wheel shell 518 is fixedly connected with the outer ring of the second rolling bearing 515; the outer circumferential surface of the wheel shell 518 is wrapped with a polyurethane material layer; one side of the flange 516 is fixedly arranged on the inner side surface of the wheel side cover 512, the other side of the flange 516 is fixedly connected with the hollow shaft 519, and the encoder 511 is fixedly arranged on the wheel shaft 513 through a clamping strip 517.
Because the traditional encoder is arranged on the outer side surface of the wheel, an encoder connecting shaft needs to be arranged on the outer side surface of the wheel in advance, the encoder is arranged behind the encoder connecting shaft, the number of turns of the wheel rotation is calculated by utilizing the contact between the outer side surface of the wheel and the ground, the structure of the wheel needing to be provided with the encoder connecting shaft in advance is complex, the encoder 511 is easy to collide and damage in the carrying process, and the encoder 511 is arranged in the driven rail travelling wheel 51, so that the encoder 511 can be hidden, the damage caused by collision is avoided, the use safety and the service life of the encoder 511 are improved, and the structure on the outer side surface of the driven rail travelling wheel 51 is simpler. The encoder 511 is an incremental encoder that converts displacement into a periodic electrical signal, converts the electrical signal into a count pulse, and expresses the magnitude of the displacement by the number of pulses. The rolling bearing is generally a deep groove ball bearing.
Both ends of the wheel shaft 513 are fixedly arranged on the flaw detection wheel carrier 5, so that the wheel shaft 513 does not rotate on the flaw detection wheel carrier 5; to rotate the driven rail wheel 51, the outer circumferential surface of the wheel shell 518 of the driven rail wheel 51 is tightly attached to the steel rail 4 to be in frictional rotation, so that the whole wheel shell 518, the wheel side cover 512 thereon, the outer ring of the first rolling bearing 514 and the outer ring of the second rolling bearing 515 are driven to rotate, the hollow shaft 519 synchronously rotates in the middle of the encoder 511 along with the rotation of the wheel side cover 512, the encoder 511 is driven to operate, and the position information of the driven rail wheel 51 is recorded. The encoder 511 rotates synchronously with the rotation of the wheel shaft 513 of the driven rail wheel 51, and the driven rail wheel 51 rotates with the rotation of the driving rail wheel 3. The number of turns n of the driven rail road wheel 51, the outer diameter of the driven rail road wheel 51 set to d, the actual distance traveled by the driven rail road wheel 51 set to L2, and the fixed distance between the driven rail road wheel 51 and the driving rail road wheel 3 set to L1 are calculated from the pulse signal generated by the encoder 511, and the specific position L3 where the fatigue defect and the welding defect of the steel rail 4 are to be calculated may be given as L3 according to the following calculation formula, L3= L2-L1= n pi d-L1.
The flaw detection wheel carrier 5 is provided with a quick clamping mechanism 52, the frame 1 is provided with a side beam 11, and the flaw detection wheel carrier 5 is arranged on the side beam 11 through the quick clamping mechanism 52. The quick clamping mechanism 52 enables the flaw detection wheel carrier 5 to be quickly detached from the frame 1. The specific structure of the flaw detection wheel frame 5 and the quick clamping mechanism 52 can adopt a wheel type probe frame and a quick clamping mechanism disclosed in the utility model patent specification with the authorization notice number of CN 208588397U.
In the transportation process, the unfolding self-locking mechanism 232 and the folding self-locking mechanism 231 are unlocked, then the two connecting rods 22 are folded and folded on two sides of the frame 1, and the upper surface 212 of the cross beam 21 and the upper surface 222 of the connecting rods 22 are locked again through the folding self-locking mechanism 231, so that the two connecting rods 22 are both perpendicular to the cross beam 21, the first end surface 211 is perpendicular to the second end surface 221, the two active rail travelling wheels 3 are folded and folded on two sides of the frame 1, and the width of the body of the flaw detection vehicle is reduced; the two flaw detection wheel carriers 5 are detached from the two sides of the frame 1, so that the two flaw detection wheel carriers 5 and the frame 1 can be detached and transported in a split mode, the whole weight of the whole unmanned double-track flaw detection vehicle is uniformly distributed into three parts, the whole weight of the frame 1 in the transportation process is reduced, manual transportation is facilitated, and the split unmanned double-track flaw detection vehicle can smoothly enter elevator doors of a high-speed rail station and a subway station.
When the folding self-locking mechanism is used, the folding self-locking mechanism 231 is unlocked, and the two connecting rods 22 extend outwards in the direction away from the frame 1, so that the two connecting rods 22 and the cross beam 21 are positioned on the same straight line; then, the lower surface 213 of the beam 21 and the lower surface 223 of the connecting rod 22 are locked by the flattening self-locking mechanism 232, and the upper surface 212 of the beam 21 and the upper surface 222 of the connecting rod 22 are also locked by the furling self-locking mechanism 231, so that the first end surface 211 of the beam 21 is in fit with the second end surface 221 of the connecting rod 22, the beam 21 and the connecting rod 22 are ensured to be firmly connected, the connection between the beam 21 and the two connecting rods 22 can be used as an integral beam 21, and the two connecting rods 22 are prevented from being separated from the beam 21 due to the fact that the two connecting rods 22 cannot bear the weight of the whole vehicle when being flattened, so that the two active rail running wheels 3 are flattened at two sides of the vehicle frame 1 and are placed on the; next, two flaw detection wheel carriers 5 are integrally mounted on both sides of the vehicle body frame 1, the driven rail running wheels 51 on the two flaw detection wheel carriers 5 are also placed on the rails 4, and finally flaw detection is performed on the rails 4 by wheel probes, and positional information of such a flaw detection vehicle is acquired by the encoder 511 built in the driven rail running wheels 51.
The multifunctional unmanned double-track flaw detection vehicle can keep the levelness of the whole driving wheel carrier 2 when the two connecting rods 22 are unfolded, so that the rigidity requirement and strong support of the driving wheel carrier 2 when the flaw detection vehicle runs are ensured, and the weight support of the whole unmanned double-track flaw detection vehicle is met. In addition, two detachable flaw detection wheel frames 5 are additionally arranged on two sides of the frame 1, so that the driven rail running wheels are independent from the frame, the weight of structural parts is reduced, and when the vehicle needs to run, the driven rail running wheels and the two driving rail running wheels are integrated into a whole, so that the whole unmanned double-rail flaw detection vehicle can stably run on the rail.
In addition, it should be noted that the names of the parts and the like of the embodiments described in the present specification may be different, and the equivalent or simple change of the structure, the characteristics and the principle described in the present patent idea is included in the protection scope of the present patent. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (8)
1. A multifunctional unmanned double-track flaw detection vehicle comprises a frame, two driving track traveling wheels, two wheel type probes and two flaw detection wheel frames, wherein the two driving track traveling wheels are respectively arranged on two sides of the front end of the frame, and the two wheel type probes are respectively arranged on the corresponding flaw detection wheel frames; the two flaw detection wheel carriers are respectively and detachably arranged on two sides of the frame and are respectively positioned behind the driving rail travelling wheels on the same side; the flaw detection wheel frame is provided with a driven rail traveling wheel; the method is characterized in that: the folding and unfolding self-locking mechanism comprises a folding and unfolding self-locking mechanism and a folding and unfolding self-locking mechanism; the two outer ends of the cross beam are respectively provided with a first end face, and the inner end of the connecting rod is provided with a second end face matched with the first end face; the cross beam is arranged at the front end of the frame, the upper surface of the cross beam is connected with the upper surface of the connecting rod through the furling self-locking mechanism, the lower surface of the cross beam is connected with the lower surface of the connecting rod through the flattening self-locking mechanism, and the active rail travelling wheel is arranged at the outer end of the connecting rod; two connecting rods all have exhibition flat work position and draw in the work position in: when the two connecting rods are both in the flattening working positions, the two connecting rods and the cross beam are positioned on the same straight line, and the first end face and the second end face are in fit; when the two connecting rods are both in the folding working position, the two connecting rods are both vertical to the cross beam, and the first end surface is vertical to the second end surface; and an encoder is arranged in the driven rail traveling wheel.
2. The multifunctional unmanned double-track flaw detection vehicle of claim 1, wherein: the furling self-locking mechanism comprises a fixed sheet, a turnover sheet, a U-shaped unlocking clamp, an unlocking rotating shaft, two extension springs and two positioning screws, wherein the fixed sheet is arranged on the upper surface of the cross beam, and the turnover sheet is arranged on the upper surface of the connecting rod; the fixed piece is provided with two first connecting pieces which are oppositely arranged, the inner side of each first connecting piece is provided with a first through hole, the turnover piece is provided with two second connecting pieces which are oppositely arranged, the center of each second connecting piece is provided with a second through hole, the two second connecting pieces are positioned on the outer sides of the two first connecting pieces, and the two second through holes and the two first through holes are positioned on the same straight line; two sides of the fixing sheet and two sides of the turnover sheet sequentially penetrate through the second through hole and the first through hole through the positioning screws to be hinged; a limiting block is arranged on the inner side of the first connecting piece, the limiting block is positioned below the first through hole, a horizontally extending strip-shaped hole is formed in the middle of the first connecting piece, two third through holes are oppositely formed in the U-shaped unlocking clamp, and the unlocking rotating shaft sequentially penetrates through one third through hole, the strip-shaped hole in one first connecting piece, the strip-shaped hole in the other first connecting piece and the other third through hole; a rotating gap is formed between the inner side surface of the U-shaped unlocking clamp and the outer side surface of the first connecting sheet; the edge of the inner side of the second connecting sheet is an arc edge, the arc edge is positioned in the rotating gap, and the arc edge is in contact fit with the surface of the unlocking rotating shaft; a vertical limiting hole and a horizontal limiting hole are arranged along the circumferential direction on the arc-shaped edge, and the vertical limiting hole is positioned above the horizontal limiting hole; two extension springs are arranged between the two first connecting pieces, one end of each extension spring is connected with the unlocking rotating shaft, and the other end of each extension spring is connected with the limiting block.
3. The multifunctional unmanned double-track flaw detection vehicle of claim 2, wherein: and a hand-held piece is arranged on the U-shaped unlocking clamp.
4. The multifunctional unmanned double-track flaw detection vehicle of claim 1, wherein: the flattening self-locking mechanism comprises a flattening support, a clamping handle, a bolt rotating shaft, a right-angle U-shaped bolt, a self-locking handle, a torsion spring, a first bolt, a second bolt and a hook, the flattening support is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the connecting rod, the front end of the clamping handle is hinged to the flattening support through the first bolt, the bolt rotating shaft penetrates through the middle of the clamping handle, and two ends of the right-angle U-shaped bolt are fixedly installed on the bolt rotating shaft; the front end of the self-locking handle is hinged with the middle part of the clamping handle through a second bolt, the self-locking handle is positioned above the clamping handle, the second bolt is parallel to the bolt rotating shaft, and the second bolt is positioned behind the bolt rotating shaft; the torsion spring is sleeved outside the rod part of the second bolt, and two torsion arms of the torsion spring are respectively in contact fit with the upper edge of the rear end of the self-locking handle and the upper edge of the bolt rotating shaft; the lower edge of the front end of the self-locking handle is in snap fit with the edge of the flattening support; the hook is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the cross beam and is buckled and connected with the right-angle U-shaped bolt.
5. The multifunctional unmanned double-track flaw detection vehicle of claim 4, wherein: the lower edge of the front end of the self-locking handle is provided with a hook, and the edge of the flattening support is provided with a limiting sheet in snap fit with the hook; a third bolt is arranged in the middle of the clamping handle and is positioned below the second bolt; and the rod part of the third bolt is in contact fit with the front end of the self-locking handle.
6. The multifunctional unmanned double-track flaw detection vehicle of claim 1, wherein: the driven rail traveling wheel comprises a wheel shell, a wheel side cover, a wheel shaft, a first rolling bearing, a second rolling bearing, a flange, a clamping strip and the encoder, wherein a rotatable hollow shaft is arranged in the middle of the encoder, two ends of the wheel shaft are fixedly arranged on the flaw detection wheel carrier, and the first rolling bearing, the flange, the hollow shaft of the encoder and the second rolling bearing are sequentially sleeved on the wheel shaft; the inner ring of the first rolling bearing and the inner ring of the second rolling bearing are fixedly connected with the surface of the wheel shaft, the wheel side cover is locked on the opening of the wheel shell through a screw, the inner ring of the wheel side cover is fixedly connected with the outer ring of the first rolling bearing, and the inner ring on the wheel shell is fixedly connected with the outer ring of the second rolling bearing; one side of the flange is fixedly arranged on the inner side surface of the wheel side cover, the other side of the flange is fixedly connected with the hollow shaft, and the encoder is fixedly arranged on the wheel shaft through a clamping strip.
7. The multifunctional unmanned double-track flaw detection vehicle of claim 6, wherein: the outer circumferential surface of the wheel shell is wrapped with a polyurethane material layer.
8. The multifunctional unmanned double-track flaw detection vehicle of claim 1, wherein: the flaw detection wheel frame is provided with a quick clamping mechanism, the frame is provided with a side beam, and the flaw detection wheel frame is arranged on the side beam through the quick clamping mechanism.
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| CN202010759709.5A CN111855805B (en) | 2020-07-31 | 2020-07-31 | Multifunctional unmanned double-track flaw detection vehicle |
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| CN202010759709.5A CN111855805B (en) | 2020-07-31 | 2020-07-31 | Multifunctional unmanned double-track flaw detection vehicle |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN111855805B (en) | 2023-03-24 |
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