CN111839815A - 3D prints and can prolong limbs bone prosthesis system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a 3D printing extendable limb bone prosthesis system, which includes a metaphyseal prosthesis, a diaphyseal prosthesis, a buckle, a taper rod, and a patch. The metaphyseal prosthesis includes a first body, and the first body The first fixing plate on the top is provided with a fixing hole; the first body is provided with a tapered hole; the diaphyseal prosthesis includes a second body, the second fixing plate on the top of the second body is provided with a locking screw hole, and the top of the second body is provided with a fixing hole. The intramedullary needle is provided with fixed nail holes; the end face of the matching column at the bottom of the second body is provided with a plurality of elastic claws; the second body is provided with uniform holes; the tapered rod includes a tapered section and a uniform section; The middle position of the ring is coaxially provided with a matching hole, an annular limit protrusion and a threaded hole from top to bottom. The elastic clamping claw is buckled; the patch is arranged between the first body and the buckle, and a through hole is arranged in the middle of the patch. The present invention better realizes the lengthening of the prosthesis.

Description

A 3D-printed bone prosthesis system for extending limbs

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular relates to a 3D printing custom-made extendable limb bone prosthesis system.

Background technique

Traumatic bone defect, osteomyelitis bone defect and bone tumor bone defect are not uncommon in clinical practice, and have always been a problem of great concern to traumatologists. There are many methods for the treatment of large segmental bone defects in the long bones of the extremities, which mainly include autologous bone grafting, external fixator-based bone transport and membrane induction-assisted autologous bone grafting techniques. These techniques have achieved certain clinical efficacy, but there are also some problems.

Autologous bone graft is the gold standard for the treatment of bone defects. Autologous bone is easy to obtain, has the ability of osteoinduction, osteoconduction and bone replacement, and has no antigenic reaction. Avascular autologous bone transplantation is to obtain cancellous bone rich in osteogenic and growth factors in the ilium, distal femur, proximal tibia, distal radius and other regions, although it has osteogenic, osteoconductive and osteoinductive effects. , but the initial strength is insufficient, limited to a small area of bone defect (0.5-3cm), and there are complications such as pain in the bone extraction area, infection, and cutaneous nerve injury. Therefore, most scholars advocate that large segmental bone defects exceeding 5 cm require autologous bone grafting with vascular pedicles. These patients often require 6-8 months of bone healing time. This scheme also has shortcomings such as damage to the donor site, limited grafts, and insufficient mechanical strength, and at the same time puts forward higher requirements for microsurgical techniques.

External fixator is one of the major inventions in the last century. Its compression and distraction osteogenesis has become the core concept of bone reconstruction. The daily distraction distance is within 0.75-1.0mm. This method solves the treatment of large-scale bone defects to a certain extent, but it takes 1-2 months for each 1cm extension in the treatment, and a 10cm defect takes at least one year. Work also brings a lot of inconvenience. At the same time, there are many problems in the treatment, such as intraoperative neurovascular injury, irritation pain, infection, broken needle, joint contracture, non-union of the extension end and the butt end.

Masquelet technique is also a common method for the treatment of long bone defects. Masquelettechnique treatment is divided into two stages. The first stage includes thorough debridement of the injured or infected area, local stabilization reconstruction, filling of the defect area with antibiotic bone cement, and soft tissue repair. Coverage and local wound healing are repeated until complete control of the infection. After 6-8 weeks, the second stage is entered, including the removal of bone cement filler, replacement of permanent fixation, collection of autologous bone and transplantation into the bone defect area, and closure of the wound. Partial weight bearing was allowed postoperatively. The patient's bone healing time is slow, and it takes more than 6-8 months on average to obtain bone healing for a 6cm defect. This method still has defects such as infection, nonunion of broken ends, insufficient autologous bone material, and complications in the donor site, and the chance of inducing poor osteogenesis is high if the defect exceeds 6 cm.

At the same time, there are no related products on the market for prostheses that need to be extended for two-stage surgery.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a 3D printing extendable limb bone prosthesis system to solve the above-mentioned technical problems in the prior art and realize the extension of the prosthesis.

For achieving the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A 3D printing extendable limb bone prosthesis system, which includes a metaphyseal prosthesis, a diaphyseal prosthesis, a buckle, a taper rod, and a patch, the metaphyseal prosthesis includes a first body, and is arranged on the first body. A first fixing plate on the top of the body, the first fixing plate is provided with screw fixing holes; the first body is provided with a first outer fixing bracket nail hole; the first body is provided with downwardly penetrating holes A tapered hole, a first microporous structure is provided in the contact area between the first body and the bone; the diaphyseal prosthesis includes a second body, a second fixing plate and an intramedullary needle arranged on the top of the second body, and the The second fixing plate is provided with a locking nail hole, and the intramedullary needle is provided with a fixing nail hole opposite to the locking nail hole; the bottom of the second body has a matching column, and the end surface of the matching column extends There are a plurality of elastic claws; the second body is provided with a uniform hole that penetrates down the matching column and is opposite to the tapered hole; the tapered rod includes a hole for matching with the tapered hole Conical section, a uniform section for matching with the uniform hole; the retaining ring is a cylindrical structure, and the middle position of the retaining ring is coaxially provided with a matching hole and an annular limit protrusion from top to bottom. , threaded hole, the matching hole is matched with the matching column, and the threaded hole is threaded with the uniform segment of the tapered rod; the annular limit protrusion is used to buckle the elastic jaw; the The patch is arranged between the first body and the retaining ring, and a through hole for the taper rod to pass through is arranged in the middle of the patch.

Preferably, a second microporous structure is provided on the top of the second body for contacting with the bone.

Preferably, the cross-section of the tapered rod is waist-shaped; the cross-sections of the tapered hole and the uniform hole are both waist-shaped holes.

Preferably, a rotation hole is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the retaining ring.

Preferably, the number of the rotating holes is multiple, and the rotating holes are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the retaining ring.

Preferably, a guide slope is provided on the hook of the elastic claw.

Preferably, the patch includes a first arc-shaped block and a second arc-shaped block, and the first arc-shaped block and the second arc-shaped block together form an annular structure; the first arc-shaped block Removably connected with the second arc-shaped block.

Preferably, both ends of the first arc-shaped block are provided with mounting bosses, and both ends of the second arc-shaped block are respectively provided with mounting grooves for matching with the mounting bosses; the installation An installation hole is arranged on the boss, and a pin hole opposite to the installation hole is arranged at a corresponding position of the installation groove.

Preferably, the average pore size in the microporous structure is 500-700 μm, and the porosity is 60-80%.

Preferably, the second body is provided with a second outer fixing bracket nail hole.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The 3D printing of the present invention can extend the limb bone prosthesis system, and the contact area between the prosthesis and the bone tissue is provided with a microporous structure, which is beneficial to the stability of the prosthesis; when performing the second-stage lengthening operation, the metaphyseal prosthesis is first passed through. The detachment of the conical hole and the conical section of the diaphysis can realize the separation of the metaphyseal prosthesis and the tapered rod, and then the periodic prosthesis is extended through the external fixation bracket. When the expected prosthesis height is achieved, the retaining ring is rotated to The upward movement of the taper rod is realized, the tight taper fit between the taper rod and the tapered hole is restored, and the patch is added to the gap between the metaphyseal prosthesis and the retaining ring and fixed, thereby better realizing the extension of the prosthesis.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly describe the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and specific embodiments of the present invention will be further detailed in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. description, which

1 is a schematic diagram of a 3D printing extendable limb bone prosthesis system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of a metaphyseal prosthesis provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of a backbone prosthesis provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of a buckle provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a schematic diagram of a tapered rod provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a patch provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Marked in the attached drawings:

1. Metaphyseal prosthesis 1-1. The first microporous structure 1-2. The first fixing plate

1-3. Screw fixing holes 1-4. Tapered holes 1-5. Nail holes for the first external fixing bracket

1-6. Wedge-shaped mouth 2. Diaphyseal prosthesis 2-1. Second fixation plate 2-2. Lock screw hole

2-3. Intramedullary needle 2-4. Fixing nail hole 2-5. Second micro-hole structure 2-6. Matching hole

2-7. Elastic jaws 2-8 Nail holes for the second outer fixing bracket 3. Buckle

3-1. Annular limit protrusion 3-2. Threaded hole 3-3. Rotation hole 4. Taper rod

4-1, uniform segment 4-2, tapered segment 5, patch 5-1, first arc block

5-2. Second arc block 5-3. Pin hole

Detailed ways

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the solution will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 6 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a 3D printing extendable limb bone prosthesis system, which includes a metaphyseal prosthesis 1, a diaphyseal prosthesis 2, a buckle 3, a tapered rod 4, a Block 5, the metaphyseal prosthesis includes a first body, a first fixing plate 1-2 arranged on the top of the first body, and screw fixing holes 1-3 are arranged on the first fixing plate; The first body is provided with a first outer fixing bracket nail hole 1-5; the first body is provided with a downwardly penetrating tapered hole 1-4, and the diameter of the upper end of the tapered hole is smaller than that of the tapered hole The diameter of the lower end of the hole, the contact area between the first body and the bone is provided with a first microporous structure 1-1; the diaphyseal prosthesis includes a second body, a second fixing plate 2 arranged on the top of the second body -1 and the intramedullary needle 2-3, the second fixing plate is provided with a locking nail hole 2-2, and the intramedullary needle is provided with a fixing nail hole 2-4 opposite to the locking nail hole; The bottom of the second body has a matching column, and the end surface of the matching column is extended with a plurality of elastic claws 2-7; the second body is provided with a downward penetration through the matching column and is opposite to the tapered hole The uniform hole 2-6; the tapered rod 4 includes a tapered section 4-2 for matching with the tapered hole, and a uniform section 4-1 for matching with the uniform hole; the buckle The ring 3 is a cylindrical structure, and the middle position of the retaining ring is coaxially provided with a matching hole, an annular limit protrusion 3-1, and a threaded hole 3-2 in sequence from top to bottom. Matching, the threaded hole is threaded with the uniform segment of the tapered rod; the annular limit protrusion 3-1 is used to snap the elastic claw to achieve limit; the patch 5 is arranged on the Between the first body and the retaining ring, a through hole for the taper rod to pass through is provided in the middle of the patch 5 .

The 3D printed limb bone prosthesis system provided by the embodiment of the present invention, during the second-stage lengthening operation, firstly realizes the metaphyseal prosthesis by detaching the tapered hole of the metaphyseal prosthesis 1 from the tapered segment. 1. Separation from the taper rod 4, and then the periodic prosthesis extension is realized by pulling the external fixation bracket. When the expected prosthesis height is achieved, the taper rod 4 is moved upward by rotating the retaining ring 3, and the taper rod 4 and the taper rod 4 are restored. The tight taper fit of the hole adds the patch into the gap between the metaphyseal prosthesis and the buckle and fixes it, so that the prosthesis can be lengthened better.

Further, a second microporous structure 2-5 is provided in the contact area between the top of the second body and the bone. It can be understood that the first microporous structure 1-1 and the second microporous structure 2-5 are both areas in contact with the bone, which is conducive to bone ingrowth, so as to achieve long-term stability after the prosthesis system is implanted into the human body; Both the metaphyseal bone prosthesis 1 and the diaphyseal prosthesis 2 may be processed by an additive manufacturing process based on a titanium alloy material.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the cross-section of the tapered rod 4 is waist-shaped; the cross-sections of the tapered hole and the uniform hole are both waist-shaped holes, which can effectively prevent metaphyseal prosthesis and diaphyseal prosthesis body rotates.

Further, the outer circumferential surface of the retaining ring 3 is provided with a rotation hole 3-3, so that the retaining ring can be easily rotated through the rotation hole.

Preferably, the number of the rotating holes 3-3 is multiple, and the rotating holes are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the retaining ring.

Specifically, the hook of the elastic claw 2-7 is provided with a guiding inclined surface, so that when the elastic claw penetrates into the buckle and contacts the annular limit protrusion 3-1, it can smoothly cross the annular limit The hook is hung on the annular limit protrusion 3-1, so as to conveniently realize the connection between the backbone prosthesis 2 and the retaining ring 3, and at the same time ensure that the retaining ring can rotate without resistance, that is, it does not affect the retaining ring. rotate.

Further, the patch 5 includes a first arc-shaped block 5-1 and a second arc-shaped block 5-2, and the first arc-shaped block and the second arc-shaped block together form an annular structure; The first arc-shaped block and the second arc-shaped block are detachably connected.

As shown in FIG. 6 , both ends of the first arc-shaped block 5-1 are provided with mounting bosses, and both ends of the second arc-shaped block 5-1 are respectively provided with mounting bosses for matching with the mounting bosses. A matching installation groove; the installation boss is provided with an installation hole, and a corresponding position of the installation groove is provided with a pin hole 5-3 opposite to the installation hole. With this solution, the first arc-shaped block and the second arc-shaped block can be connected by using the pin to pass through the pin hole to match the mounting hole.

Preferably, the first arc-shaped block and the second arc-shaped block are both semicircular blocks.

The average pore size of the microporous structure is 500-700 μm, and the porosity is 60-80%.

Further, the second body is provided with a second external fixation bracket nail hole, so as to facilitate the use of external fixation bracket traction in the second-stage operation to achieve regular extension. The bottom of the first body is provided with wedge-shaped openings 1-6.

The 3D printing extendable limb bone prosthesis system provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the geometric shape design of the prosthesis is based on the bone defect area and the bone geometry of the healthy side, so the prosthesis can restore the shape of the bone defect area, and can Filling of large bone defects. At the same time, the contact area between the prosthesis and the bone is designed with a microporous structure, which is conducive to the ingrowth of bone tissue and is conducive to the stability of the prosthesis. In practical applications, metaphyseal prosthesis-diaphyseal prosthesis, diaphyseal prosthesis-diaphyseal prosthesis, metaphyseal prosthesis-metaphyseal prosthesis combination can be selected according to the location of the bone defect, and one of the prostheses needs to pass through a tapered rod. The connection realizes a tight fit, and the taper-rod connection achieves stable fixation. It is also convenient for the separation of the taper fit in the second-stage extension operation, and it is convenient for the use of external fixation bracket traction in the second-stage operation to achieve regular extension. During the second-stage extension operation, the extension height can be determined according to the patient's data, the patch 5 corresponding to the height can be designed, the corresponding gap height can be adjusted by adjusting the prosthesis, and the patch 5 can be added to the gap and fixed, so as to realize Prosthesis extension. The retaining ring 3 can be controlled to freely move up and down in the inner space of the prosthesis through the threaded connection with the uniform section of the tapered rod. The geometry of the extendable limb bone prosthesis system can be customized according to patient data, and the product can be realized in combination with additive manufacturing.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, after reading the content of the present invention, those skilled in the art can Various changes or modifications can be made to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A3D printing extendable limb bone prosthesis system is characterized by comprising a metaphysis prosthesis, a diaphysis prosthesis, a retaining ring, a taper rod and a patch, wherein the metaphysis prosthesis comprises a first body and a first fixing plate arranged at the top of the first body, and the first fixing plate is provided with a screw fixing hole; the first body is provided with a first external fixing bracket nail hole; a conical hole penetrating downwards is formed in the first body, and a first microporous structure is arranged in a bone contact area of the first body; the diaphysis prosthesis comprises a second body, a second fixing plate and an intramedullary nail, wherein the second fixing plate is arranged at the top of the second body, the second fixing plate is provided with a nail locking hole, and the intramedullary nail is provided with a fixing nail hole opposite to the nail locking hole; the bottom of the second body is provided with a matching column, and the end face of the matching column extends to form a plurality of elastic clamping jaws; a uniform hole which penetrates through the matching column downwards and is opposite to the conical hole is formed in the second body; the taper rod comprises a taper section and a uniform section, the taper section is used for being matched with the taper hole, and the uniform section is used for being matched with the uniform hole; the retaining ring is of a cylindrical structure, a matching hole, an annular limiting bulge and a threaded hole are coaxially arranged in the middle of the retaining ring from top to bottom in sequence, the matching hole is matched with the matching column, and the threaded hole is in threaded fit with the uniform section of the taper rod; the annular limiting bulge is used for buckling the elastic clamping jaw; the patch is arranged between the first body and the retaining ring, and a through hole for the taper rod to pass through is formed in the middle of the patch.

2. 3D printed extendable limb bone prosthesis system according to claim 1, wherein the second body is provided with a second micro-porous structure on the top for bone contact area.

3. The 3D printed extendable limb bone prosthesis system of claim 1, wherein said tapered rod is kidney-shaped in cross-section, and said tapered hole and said uniform hole are both kidney-shaped holes in cross-section.

4. The 3D printed extendable limb prosthesis system of claim 1, wherein said retaining ring has a rotation hole disposed on an outer circumferential surface thereof.

5. The 3D printed extendable limb bone prosthesis system of claim 4, wherein said number of said rotation holes is plural, each said rotation hole being evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of said retaining ring.

6. The 3D printed extendable limb bone prosthesis system of claim 1, wherein said hook of said elastic claw is provided with a guide bevel.

7. The 3D printed extendable limb bone prosthesis system of claim 1, wherein said patch comprises a first arcuate segment, a second arcuate segment, said first arcuate segment and said second arcuate segment together enclosing a circular ring-shaped structure; the first arc-shaped block and the second arc-shaped block are detachably connected.

8. The 3D printed extendable limb prosthesis system according to claim 7, wherein both ends of the first arc-shaped block are provided with mounting bosses, and both ends of the second arc-shaped block are respectively provided with mounting grooves for matching with the mounting bosses; the mounting boss is provided with a mounting hole, and a pin hole opposite to the mounting hole is arranged at the corresponding position of the mounting groove.

9. The 3D printed extendable limb bone prosthesis system of claim 1, wherein the pore size in the microporous structure is 500-700 μm on average and the porosity is 60-80%.

10. The 3D printed extendable limb bone prosthesis system of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a second external fixation bracket nail hole is provided on said second body.

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