CN111837700A - Tobacco leaf quality-improving flavor enhancer with modified biomass charcoal loaded with activated protein and application thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a tobacco leaf upgrading and flavoring agent with activated protein loaded on modified biomass charcoal and application thereof, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 3-10 parts of modified biomass charcoal, 3-10 parts of Alternaria activator protein 8 parts, 5-20 parts of amino oligosaccharide, 10-20 parts of sesame cake fertilizer fermented extract, 10-15 parts of glucose, 5-15 parts of xylose, 5-10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5- of multi-element mineral fertilizer 10 parts, 10-25 parts of potassium humate, and 0.01-0.02 part of sodium selenite. The biological preparation has the functions of enhancing the disease resistance and stress resistance of tobacco plants and promoting the growth and development of tobacco plants. The biological preparation of the invention is mainly used for improving the aroma and quality of tobacco leaves, and can also be widely used in agricultural crops such as fruit trees, corn and vegetables, and has important practical significance for green agriculture and sustainable development in my country.

Description

A kind of tobacco leaf upgrading and flavoring agent loaded with modified biomass charcoal activated protein and its application

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of tobacco crop cultivation, in particular to a tobacco leaf upgrading and flavoring agent loaded with modified biomass charcoal activated protein and its application.

Background technique

At present, in the continuous production process of flue-cured tobacco in my country, the style and quality of tobacco leaves are weakened due to unreasonable farming methods and the decline of soil quality. Therefore, in the production process of tobacco leaves, improving the disease resistance of tobacco plants and the quality of tobacco leaves has become the focus of tobacco industry research.

Biochar is a carbon-containing polymer, which is a porous carbon remaining after pyrolysis of lignocellulose. It is mainly composed of C, H, O, N, P, S and other elements, and also contains K, Ca, Fe, Elements such as Mg, Na, Zn, Cu and Si have a high degree of aromaticity in the carbon component, which in turn makes them biochemically and thermally stable. Biochar is a form of black carbon with high porosity, negative charge, high degree of aromatization, large specific surface area, and high stability and adsorption. Therefore, based on the physical and chemical properties of biochar, biochar is used as a carrier, on the one hand as a carrier such as activated protein and amino oligosaccharide; on the other hand, the porous and charged properties of biochar are used to increase the adsorption effect of liquid on the surface of tobacco leaves. Promote the absorption of substances. At present, biochar is mainly used in soil improvement and tobacco aroma enhancement. The amount per mu is 80-200kg, which is relatively large and the cost is relatively high.

Fungal activator protein is a kind of inducible plant resistance, which is isolated and purified from fungi such as Fusarium spp., Alternaria spp. and Piriculariaoryzae, and can improve plant immunity. New protein excitation of force. It activates the growth system and immune system of the plant by initiating a series of metabolic reactions in the plant, thereby improving the ability of the plant to resist the invasion of pests and diseases and to resist adverse environmental effects, especially the induction resistance effect on viral diseases is relatively obvious. Teng Liping found in experiments that tomato seeds treated with different concentrations of activated protein increased the growth rate of seedlings; at the same time, the activity of dehydrogenase in the roots of tomato seedlings was enhanced, which promoted the growth of seedlings and root development. Its growth-promoting effect can be maintained for more than 40 days. At the same time, this type of protein can also significantly promote the growth and development of crops, improve the yield and quality of crops, and is suitable for tomato, pepper, watermelon and other crops, but foliar spraying during the application process. The stability and absorption effect are poor, which affects the effect.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention proposes a tobacco leaf quality and flavoring agent loaded with modified biomass charcoal activated protein and its application, which solves the problem that the tobacco leaf style and quality are weakened due to unreasonable farming methods and the decline of soil quality, especially the tobacco leaf aroma substance content. lowering problem.

The technical scheme that realizes the present invention is:

A modified biomass charcoal-loaded activation protein-loaded tobacco leaf quality and flavoring agent, comprising the following components by weight: 3-10 parts of modified biomass charcoal, 3-8 parts of Alternaria activator protein, amino oligosaccharide 5-20 parts, 10-20 parts of sesame cake fertilizer fermented extract, 10-15 parts of glucose, 5-15 parts of xylose, 5-10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5-10 parts of multi-element mineral fertilizer, fulvic acid Potassium 10-25 parts, sodium selenite 0.01-0.02 parts.

Among the above components, the modified biochar has special physical and chemical properties, which is beneficial to enhance the adsorption properties of droplets and the stability of Alternaria activator protein, and promote the adsorption of sesame fermented extracts and aminooligosaccharides, glucose and mineral elements. Absorption, thereby enhancing crop immunity and regulating the increase of aroma substances precursors in tobacco leaves, especially ceberane-like compounds, significantly increasing the content of tobacco leaves aroma substances (such as megadityrine ketones), and also enhancing flue-cured tobacco crops. The later stress resistance and maturity are beneficial to the quality and aroma of flue-cured tobacco.

The modified biomass carbon is prepared as follows:

(1) Pulverize the carbonaceous plant raw materials to 1-3 cm, carbonize at 450-500 °C, and pulverize to less than 10 μm after natural cooling to obtain biochar;

(2) Place the biochar in step (1) in a mixed solution of KCl, MgCl ₂ and (NH4) ₆ Mo ₇ O ₂₄ 4H ₂ O, ultrasonically vibrate for 2-4 hours, filter and dry, and place it in a muffle furnace calcined, cooled to room temperature, and then ground through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain modified biomass carbon.

The mass ratio of K ion, Mg ion, Mo ion and biochar in the step (2) is (0.4-0.6): (0.2-0.3): (0.1-0.2): (0.9-1.2), the solid state of the mixed solution is The liquid ratio is 1:10, the calcination temperature is 350°C, and the calcination time is 2h.

The preparation of the sesame cake fertilizer fermented extract is as follows: adding 0.1-0.2wt% decomposing agent to the sesame cake and fermenting for 7-10 days, steam leaching is carried out in the reactor according to the ratio of water to material mass 4:1, Carry out solid-liquid separation and collect liquid, and finally vacuum freeze-dry to obtain sesame cake fertilizer fermented extract.

The preparation of the Alternaria activating protein is as follows: The strain of Alternaria alternate is sourced from the China General Microorganism Culture Collection and Management Center, and the deposit number is CGMCC: 3.15535.

The modified PDA (potato culture medium) was used for the cultivation of Alternaria sp.: 250.0 g of potato, 25 g of sucrose, 5 g of glucose, 5 g of xylose, and 1000 ml of water, and then cultivated at 28°C for 60 hours at 60 rpm on a shaker, and then a vacuum filtration device was used. Extraction of Alternaria mycelium—ultrasonic grinding (25KHz treatment for 15min)—centrifugation to remove supernatant (10000rpm)—multi-stage flash concentration (feeding speed 400ml/min, heating time 60s)—detecting activated crude Protein Content - Prepare as a wettable powder and reserve for later use.

The multi-element mineral fertilizer is a natural multi-element mineral fertilizer produced by the purchase of Pingdingshan Runsen Natural Multi-element Mineral Fertilizer Co., Ltd., the implementation standard: Q/PRF001-2007, and the raw materials are crushed to below 300 mesh for use.

The application of the tobacco leaf improving and flavoring agent in the mature stage of tobacco leaves.

Based on the planting area per mu, 20g of tobacco leaf quality and aromatizing agent was diluted 500 times and sprayed at the mature stage of tobacco leaves.

The beneficial effects of the invention are: loading the fungal activation protein through the modified biochar, and simultaneously formulating amino oligosaccharide, sesame cake fertilizer fermentation extract, glucose, xylose, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, multi-element mineral fertilizer, potassium fulvic acid and sodium selenite and other substances, through the method of spraying foliar absorption to regulate the carbon and nitrogen metabolism of tobacco plants in the mature stage of flue-cured tobacco, enhance the stress resistance and disease resistance of tobacco plants in the mature stage, and innovate the technical approach of tobacco leaf quality and aroma. , which is conducive to the green and efficient development of agricultural planting in my country.

The biological preparation has the functions of enhancing the disease resistance and stress resistance of tobacco plants and promoting the growth and development of tobacco plants. The biological preparation of the invention is mainly used for improving the aroma and quality of tobacco leaves, and can also be widely used in agricultural crops such as fruit trees, corn and vegetables, and has important practical significance for green agriculture and sustainable development in my country.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is the change of the infrared spectrum of the modified biochar of the present invention.

Figure 2 is the abundance map of the sample of Example 1 and the control sample.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the following examples, the Alternaria activator protein was prepared as follows:

The modified PDA (potato culture medium) was used for the cultivation of Alternaria sp.: 250.0 g of potato, 25 g of sucrose, 5 g of glucose, 5 g of xylose, and 1000 ml of water, and then cultivated at 28°C for 60 hours at 60 rpm on a shaker, and then a vacuum filtration device was used. Extraction of Alternaria mycelium—ultrasonic grinding (25KHz treatment for 15min)—centrifugation to remove supernatant (10000rpm)—multi-stage flash concentration (feeding speed 400ml/min, heating time 60s)—detecting activated crude Protein Content - Prepare as a wettable powder and reserve for later use.

Example 1

(1) The process of preparing peanut shell biomass charcoal is as follows: the peanut shell raw material is pulverized to 1-3 cm, carbonized at 500 ° C for 10 min, and then pulverized to 10 μm after natural cooling, for use;

(2) Place the biochar in step (1) in a mixed solution of KCl, MgCl ₂ and (NH ₄ ) ₆ Mo ₇ O ₂₄ ·4H ₂ O, wherein the mass ratio of K ion, Mg ion, Mo ion and biochar is 0.4:0.2:0.1:0.9, the solid-liquid ratio of the mixed solution was 1:10, ultrasonically oscillated for 2 hours, dried by suction filtration, and then calcined at 350 °C for 2 hours in a muffle furnace, cooled to room temperature, and ground through a 100-mesh sieve. to obtain modified biomass carbon;

(3) The process of preparing the sesame cake fertilizer fermented extract is as follows. After adding 0.1wt% decomposing agent to the sesame cake, after 7 days of aerobic fermentation (turning once every 2 days), the fermented material and water are mixed and packed in the reactor according to the ratio of 1:4. steam leaching, then solid-liquid separation and liquid collection, and finally vacuum freeze-drying to separate the water, and the remainder is reserved for future use;

(4) The process of tobacco leaf upgrading and aromatizing preparation with modified biomass char loaded with activated protein is as follows. The main components of the biological preparation include: modified biomass charcoal 5, Alternaria activator protein 5, amino oligosaccharide 10, sesame Cake fertilizer fermented extract 20, glucose 15, xylose 15, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 8, multi-element mineral fertilizer 5, potassium fulvic acid 22, sodium selenite 0.01.

Example 2

(1) The process of preparing peanut shell biomass charcoal is as follows: the peanut shell raw material is pulverized to 1-3 cm, carbonized at 450 ° C for 10 min, and then pulverized to 10 μm after natural cooling, for use;

(2) Place the biochar in step (1) in a mixed solution of KCl, MgCl ₂ and (NH ₄ ) ₆ Mo ₇ O ₂₄ ·4H ₂ O, wherein the mass ratio of K ion, Mg ion, Mo ion and biochar is 0.5:0.25:0.15:1.1, the solid-liquid ratio of the mixed solution is 1:10, ultrasonically oscillated for 3 hours, dried by suction filtration, and then placed in a muffle furnace for calcination at 350 °C for 2 hours, cooled to room temperature, and ground through a 100-mesh sieve. to obtain modified biomass carbon;

(3) The process of preparing the sesame cake fertilizer fermented extract is as follows. The sesame cake is added with 0.15wt% decomposing agent, and after 8 days of aerobic fermentation (turning once every 2 days), the fermented material and water are mixed in a ratio of 1:4 and packed in the reactor steam leaching, then solid-liquid separation and liquid collection, and finally vacuum freeze-drying to separate the water, and the remainder is reserved for future use;

(4) The process of tobacco leaf upgrading and aromatizing preparation of modified biomass char loaded with activated protein is as follows. The main components of the biological preparation include: modified biomass charcoal 3, Alternaria activator protein 3, amino oligosaccharide 5, sesame Cake fertilizer fermented extract 10, glucose 40, xylose 5, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5, multi-element mineral fertilizer 8, potassium fulvic acid 10, sodium selenite 0.015.

Example 3

(1) The process of preparing peanut shell biomass charcoal is as follows: the peanut shell raw material is pulverized to 1-3 cm, carbonized at 480 ° C for 10 min, and then pulverized to 10 μm after natural cooling, for use;

(2) Place the biochar in step (1) in a mixed solution of KCl, MgCl ₂ and (NH ₄ ) ₆ Mo ₇ O ₂₄ ·4H ₂ O, wherein the mass ratio of K ion, Mg ion, Mo ion and biochar is 0.6:0.3:0.2:1.2, the solid-liquid ratio of the mixed solution is 1:10, ultrasonically oscillated for 4 hours, dried by suction filtration, and then placed in a muffle furnace for calcination at 350°C for 2 hours, cooled to room temperature, and ground through a 100-mesh sieve. to obtain modified biomass carbon;

(3) The process of preparing sesame cake fertilizer fermented extract is as follows. After adding 0.2wt% decomposing agent to sesame cake, after 10 days of aerobic fermentation (turning once every 2 days), the fermented material and water are mixed and packed in the reactor according to the ratio of 1:4. steam leaching, then solid-liquid separation and liquid collection, and finally vacuum freeze-drying to separate the water, and the remainder is reserved for future use;

(4) The process of tobacco leaf upgrading and aromatizing preparation of modified biomass char loaded with activated protein is as follows. The main components of the biological preparation include: modified biomass charcoal 10, Alternaria activator protein 8, amino oligosaccharide 20, sesame Cake fertilizer fermented extract 15, glucose 13, xylose 10, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 10, multi-element mineral fertilizer 10, potassium fulvic acid 25, sodium selenite 0.02.

Controlled trials:

(1) The control experiment was carried out at the Yanshan Tobacco Station in Shaowu, Nanping City in 2019. The experiment consisted of 2 treatments, namely control spraying clean water and spraying biological agents. The experiment used field planting, with an area of 2 mu per treatment. Taking flue-cured tobacco k326 as the test crop, diluted 20 g of biological preparations and diluted 500 times for spraying at the mature stage of flue-cured tobacco. All treatments were managed according to the optimal production management measures.

(2) After the tobacco is harvested, the yield and output value of cured tobacco leaves under different treatment conditions were determined, and the proportion of middle and high-quality tobacco leaves was counted according to the national tobacco leaf grading and purchase standards, and an expert group was organized to evaluate the sensory quality of cured tobacco leaves. The results are shown in Table 1:

Table 1 Evaluation of tobacco yield and quality of each treatment

Table 2 Effects of field control and treatment experiments on the content of main aroma substances in cured tobacco leaves (μg g ^-1 )

The present invention has also carried out sensory evaluation, specifically sees Table 3:

Table 3 Evaluation of sensory quality of tobacco leaves

Remarks: (1) The full score of each index is 9 points, the higher the concentration of energy, the higher the score, and the better the quality characteristics of other indicators, the higher the score. (2) Concentration and vigor belong to style characteristics and are not included in the calculation of the total score. Total score = aroma quality × 20% + aroma volume × 35% + miscellaneous air × 20% + irritation × 10% + aftertaste × 15%.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (8)

1. a tobacco leaf upgrading and flavoring agent of modified biomass char-loaded activation protein, is characterized in that, comprises the component of following parts by weight: modified biomass charcoal 3-10 parts, Alternaria activator protein 3- 8 parts, 5-20 parts of amino oligosaccharides, 10-20 parts of sesame cake fertilizer fermented extract, 10-15 parts of glucose, 5-15 parts of xylose, 5-10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, multi-element mineral fertilizer 5- 10 parts, 10-25 parts of potassium humate, 0.01-0.02 parts of sodium selenite. 2. The tobacco leaf upgrading and flavoring agent of modified biomass char-loaded activated protein according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described modified biomass charcoal is prepared as follows: (1) Pulverize the carbonaceous plant raw materials to 1-3 cm, carbonize at 450-500 °C, and pulverize to less than 10 μm after natural cooling to obtain biochar; (2) Put the biochar in step (1) into a mixed solution of KCl, MgCl ₂ and (NH ₄ ) ₆ Mo ₇ O ₂₄ 4H ₂ O, ultrasonically vibrate for 2-4 hours, filter and dry, and place it in a muffle furnace It is calcined in the middle, cooled to room temperature, and then pulverized through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain modified biomass carbon. 3 . The tobacco leaf upgrading and flavoring agent with modified biomass char loaded with activated protein according to claim 2 , wherein in the step (2), the mass ratio of K ion, Mg ion, Mo ion and biochar It is (0.4-0.6): (0.2-0.3): (0.1-0.2): (0.9-1.2), the solid-liquid ratio of the mixed solution is 1:10, the calcination temperature is 350 ℃, and the calcination time is 2h. 4. The tobacco leaf quality-enhancing and flavoring agent of modified biomass char-loaded activated protein according to claim 1, characterized in that, the preparation of the sesame cake fertilizer fermentation extract is as follows: add 0.1-0.2wt% to the sesame cake After 7-10 days of fermentation for the decomposing agent, steam leaching is carried out in the reactor according to the mass ratio of water to material 4:1, solid-liquid separation is carried out and the liquid is collected, and finally the sesame cake fertilizer fermented extract is obtained by vacuum freeze drying. 5. the tobacco leaf quality-enhancing and flavoring agent of modified biomass char-loaded activating protein according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the preparation of described Alternaria activating protein is as follows: adding Alternaria on the modified PDA Culture Alternaria, after culturing for 60 hours at 28°C on a 60 rpm shaker, using a vacuum filtration device to extract the Alternaria mycelium, ball milling, centrifuging the supernatant, evaporating and concentrating, detecting the content of activated crude protein, Prepare as a wettable powder and reserve for later use. 6. The tobacco leaf quality-enhancing and flavoring agent of modified biomass char-loaded activation protein according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described Alternaria is preserved in China General Microorganism Culture Collection and Management Center, and the preservation number is CGMCC : 3.15535. 7. The application of the tobacco leaf improving and flavoring agent according to any one of claims 1-6 in the mature stage of tobacco leaf. 8. application according to claim 7, is characterized in that: with per mu of planting area as a benchmark, 20g of tobacco leaf quality-enhancing and aromatizing agent is diluted 500 times, and sprayed in the tobacco leaf maturity stage.

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